职称英语考试《卫生类》历年真题精选及答案0514-35
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职称英语考试《卫生类》历年真题精选及答案0514-351、I was shocked when I saw the size of the telephone bill.【单选题】A.surprisedB.lostC.exciteD.angry正确答案:A答案解析:题干大意：当我看到电话账单的数目时，我震惊了。
句中shock意为“震惊”。
四个选项中，surprise有惊讶的意思。
lost作动词时，有遗失、丢失的意思，用作形容词有“遗失的”或“迷惑的”之意。
如：We?share?our?house?with?people?who?losttheir?home?or?shelter?for?any?reason.（我们与因任何原因失去家园和庇护所的人分享我们的房子。
）excited意为“兴奋的”；angry意为“气愤的”。
2、Intellectual DisabilityPeople with intellectual disability form one of the largest single disability groups in a community. Intellectual disability refers to a general slowness to learn and function within society, and the identification of intellectual disability is usually based on an assessment of a person's performance in a variety of tests. An individual's level of performance, as assessed, can change with time and circumstances. With skilled training and opportunity for development, people with intellectual disability have much greater potential for acquiring skills and for participation in community life than previously had been thought possible.In many western societies, five categories of intellectualdisability have traditionally been used in order to indicate the perceived degree of difficulty an individual has with learning. All five may occur in either children, adolescent or adult, and show as mild, moderate, severe, profound or multiple intellectual disability.For the majority of intellectual disabilities, there is no identifiable cause but there are some causes that are well documented. They include: brain damage at birth due to lack of oxygen—prolonged labor during childbirth; brain damage before birth due to factors such as rubella (风疹), drug or diet-related problems; damage after birth due to illnesses such as encephalitis(脑膜炎) or accident; hereditary defects in the genes; abnormal chromosome count resulting in, for example, Down Syndrome(唐氏综合症).Like everyone else, people with an intellectual disability need a rewarding job, a satisfying place to live and a good social life. But they may need extra support to achieve these things. Good support services are based on the principle of normalization—which means enabling people to be part of the community like everyone else,With the introduction of the intellectually disabled into communities, there is a need to promote awareness ofcommunication. Although many people may have little experience in talking with an intellectually disabled person, there are common guidelines that can simplify the interaction. Firstly, it is useful to remember that people with disabilities have feelings. Speaking in the same friendly manner as you would to anyone else is also recommended. Being prepared to wait a little longer for replies during a conversation with an intellectually disabled person would undoubtedly benefit the exchange.Paragraph 3____.【单选题】A.What do people with an intellectual disability needB.What is intellectual disabilityC.How do people with an intellectual disability talkD.What are the forms of intellectual disabilityE.What causes intellectual disabilityF.How do you talk to a person with an intellectual disability正确答案:E答案解析:第三段主题句为第一句，其意思是：尽管大多数智力障碍者的患病原因还未被查明，但有些因素确实能导致智力障碍。
由此推断，该段回答了E选项“What causes intellectual disability?”所提问题，故E为正确答案。
3、Waste Not, Want Not1 Bob and Clara Darlington, who own and run a farm in the North of England, have always looked for new ways of making money out of the produce they grow. Their SUCCESS began when they established a shop on their farm, so that people could come and buy fresh vegetables directly from them.2 The business was an immediate SUCCESS, and soon scored top marks in a competition set up by the Farm RetailAssociation to find the best farm shop in the country. The Association's inspectors found the Darling tons' shop offered excellent service and value for money as well as quality fruit and vegetable.3 Clara Darlington is a trained chef and, in addition to a range of home-grown foods and other local produce, she began offering a variety of prepared meals which she had made herself in the farmhouse kitchen. A small cafe alongside the farm shop was soon added, with everything that visitors could taste on the menu also being for sale in the shop.4 Clara admits that starting the business was expensive, and she has worked very hard, but maintains that if the product is good, the public recognize this and buy it. "I aim to offer the highest quality to our customers, whether they come in for a loaf of bread, or take a whole dinner-party menu. I take it as a compliment if people take home one of my dishes to serve to their family and friends and get away with pretending they made it themselves. "5 So it was that the couple realized that they had a surplus of misshapen or damaged vegetables grown on the farm which were unsuitable for selling in the shop. Clara, not wishing to see them get thrown away, decided to turn them into soup.6 The soup met with the immediate approval of customers tothe shop and Clara now produce different varieties. She spent much of the summer traveling up and down to London by rail, doing presentations of the soups. As a result, they are now served in first-class railway restaurant cars belonging to three companies as well as being stocked by a number of high-class London stores.Apart from quality fruit and vegetables, the couple ____.【单选题】A.sell fresh vegetablesB.sell as much as possibleC.offer a variety of prepared mealsD.turn them into soupE.fill a gap in the marketF.promote her soups正确答案:C答案解析:第2段第1句提供了答案。
