最终论文
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东北大学毕业设计（论文） 摘要 - - i
摘 要 中国铝土矿绝大部分属高铝、高硅的一水硬铝石，选矿―拜耳法可以经济的处理我国中、低品位的一水硬铝石矿。选矿―拜耳法就是在常规的拜耳法生产过程中增设了选矿过程的生产方法。在矿物的浮选中，由于加入了捕收药剂这类的有机物，这类残留的捕收剂会随精矿进入后续工序，这些残留的捕收剂是否会读一铝酸钠溶液的物理化学性质造成影响，成了备受氧化铝工作者关注的问题。 基于此，本文通过测定铝酸钠溶液电导率和拉曼光谱，来研究长烃链脂肪酸性捕收剂PS对铝酸钠溶液性质和结构的影响。 试验结果表明，捕收剂对铝酸钠溶液电导率有一定的影响，随捕收剂含量的增加，溶液电导率明显增加，当捕收剂含量达到45mg/L时，电导率达最大值，继续添加捕收剂，电导率平缓下降。通过捕收剂浓度、温度、苛碱浓度和苛性比四因子回归正交试验发现，对铝酸钠溶液电导率的影响程度，捕收剂比温度、苛碱浓度和苛性比三因素相对较小，得到的回归方程为： c=2.104-0.05827N+2.56αk+0.2471T+0.116αkT 拉曼光谱试验结果表明，中等浓度以上的铝酸钠溶液中存在Al(OH) 4-官能团和〔Al2O (OH)6〕2-聚合铝酸根离子，并且捕收剂的加入，使溶液中Al(OH) 4-官能团和〔Al2O (OH)62-聚合铝酸根离子含量增多。试验结果还说明，苛碱浓度较大时，捕收剂对溶液中官能团的影响较大，反之则小；苛性比较大时，捕收剂对溶液中官能团的影响较大，反之则小。
关键词：选矿―拜耳法，铝酸钠溶液，捕收剂，电导率，拉曼光谱。 东北大学毕业设计（论文） Abstract
- - ii
Abstract Most of Chinese bauxite is diaspore bauxite， Bayer-mineral processing method is a method to add mineral techniques to Bayer process. In the course of mill run， because the add of organic promoter， these rudimental promoter will come into the following working procedure， these rudimental promoter whether or not have infection on the physical chemistry character of sodium aluminate solution， become the most important problem of the alumina scholar. In the paper, we study effect of the long-hydricarbon chain fatty acid collector (PS) on conductor of sodium aluminate solution and on the Raman spectrum of sodium aluminate solution, from that we can analyze the effect of Promoter on character and structure of sodium aluminate solution From the study we find that: the promoter have certain effect the conductor of the sodium aluminate solution increase rapidly when the content promoter is lower than 45g/L, when the content of the promoter achieve 45mg/L, the conductor of the sodium aluminate solution achieve the max, continue add the promoter, the conductor of the sodium aluminate solution gently descend. From the study we find the conductor of the sodium aluminate solution have a connection with temperature， consistence and causticity as follow: c=2.104-0.05827N+2.56αk+0.2471T+0.116αk T. The result of the Raman spectrum indicate that， there are Al(OH) 4- function corps and〔Al2O (OH)6〕2- aggregation aluminate root ion in the sodium aluminate solution of medium concentration， and the increase of the promoter amount， the amount of the Al(OH)-
and〔Al2O (OH)6〕2- will both increase. We also find that the more concentration of sodium hydroxide， the bigger infection of promoter on Raman spectrum， contrarily criterion small; The more causticity of solution， the bigger infection of promoter on Raman spectrum， contrarily criterion small.
Key words: Bayer-mineral， sodium aluminate solution， promoter， conductor， Raman spectrum 东北大学毕业设计（论文） 目录 - - iii
目录 摘要 .................................................................................................................................................................. ⅰ
ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................................................. ⅱ
第1章 绪论 ....................................................................................................................................... - 1 -
1.1 我国铝土矿资源状况 ............................................................................................................... - 1 -
1.2选矿-拜耳法生产氧化铝现状及存在的问题 ............................................................ - 2 -
1.3铝酸钠溶液的性质和结构特征 ......................................................................................... - 4 -
1.4铝酸钠溶液电导率的研究现状 ......................................................................................... - 5 -
1.5铝酸钠溶液拉曼光谱的研究现状 .................................................................................... - 6 -
1.6本课题研究目的、意义及内容 ......................................................................................... - 7 -
第2章试验方法 .............................................................................................................................. - 7 -
2.1试验药品及设备 ........................................................................................................................... - 7 -
2.1.1试验药品 ................................................................................................................................. - 7 - 2.1.2实验设备 ................................................................................................................................. - 7 - 2.2试验步骤 ........................................................................................................................................... - 7 -
