高教版中职语文(基础模块)上册写作《应用文 书信》

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应用文写作(1):书信写作

应用文写作是2005 年大纲修订之后出现的新题型,与以往的考试大纲相比较,修订后的新大纲在写作部分做了很大的调整,其主要变化为:写作部分在短文写作的基础上新增加了一篇100 字左右的应用文,使写作部分由一篇变成了两篇。新增的应用文包括书信(letter)、备忘录(memo)和报告(report)等。命题采用为考生提供规定情景的方法,这一部分共10 分。在英语写作中, 应用文体包含的内容比较广泛,如:私人书信、公务信函、备忘录、摘要等。从应试角度,我们可以宏观地将其分为书信类应用文和告示类应用文。

书信写作

1. 英文书信的种类和用途

书信根据读者对象的不同,主要分为两大类,一类是写给亲朋好友的,称之为私人信函(Personal Letters);另一类是写给团体、政府机关和商业机构的信函,称之为公务信函(Business Letters);就其用途而言,书信可分为求职信、咨询信、感谢信、投诉信、建议信、邀请信、推荐信等。

2. 书信类应用文

书信是人们日常写作生活中交流思想的一个重要工具。英语书信与一般作文的写法不同,有自己的独特的语言及文体格式。英文书信的公务信函的结构格式大致相同,但在措辞、时态、语言的正式程度方面有很大差异。了解英语书信的书写要求,写好英语书信考生应该具有的基本写作能力之一。

3. 英文书信的写作格式

1)缩进式

每段的开头向右缩进2个字符,与写汉语文章类似。这时,段与段之间可以加一个空行,也可以不加空行。

2)齐头式

每段的开头不向右缩进,但段与段之间用一个空行分开。由于每段的第一行不向右缩进,从左边看是齐头的,所以也称为齐头式。

4. 英文书信的组成部分

规范的英文书信主要由以下六个部分和两个附加部分组成:

1)信头(Heading):列出寄信人的地址和写信日期

2)信内地址(Inside Address):列出收信人的姓名和地址

3)称呼(Salutation):对目标读者对象的称谓

4)正文(Body):信函的主体内容

5)结束语( Complimentary Close)如:Yours truly, Yours sincerely 等

6)签名(The Signature):签名落款

7)附言(Postscript):如需补充内容,可使用此项

8)附件注明(Enclosed mark):如信内附其他文件,需在信末左下方写上“Encl”5. 常考书信类作文及写作方法

1)建议信

【常用句型】

1. I΄d like to provide some suggestions on.

2. I΄d like to suggest that you.

3. It΄s my pleasure to offer you some advice on.

4. In general, my suggestions are as follows:

【参考范文】

Dear Mary,

I am delighted to learn that you will graduate from the Zhejiang University very soon. Last time you asked me how to make a wise choice before graduation. So I am writing to provide some suggestions for you.

In my opinion, it is a good choice for you to further your study after graduation because higher degree will make you more competitive in the job market in the future. Besides, it will also broaden your vision, which is beneficial to your further development in the long run.

At last, I do hope that you will find my suggestions constructive and I am looking forward to your early reply.

Yours,

Li Ming 2)感谢信

【常用句型】

1. I am writing to show my heart-felt gratitude for.

2. I am grateful to you for.

3. I appreciate it more than I can say.

4. I deeply appreciate.

5. I do appreciate.

6. I would like to take this opportunity to express to you my deep appreciation for the kind assistance you rendered me.

7. Again, I would like to express our warm thanks to you.

【参考范文】

Dear manager,

I am writing to express my thanks to you and your employee Miss Li, who helped me to find my wallet while I was staying at your hotel.

The other day I was really careless when I was having lunch in the restaurant. I paid the bill and somehow I left my wallet on the table. I had already walked out of the hall when Miss Li came up with my wallet. And she didn’t even accept a reward.

I am sure Miss Li is just one of the Chinese workers who are honest and reliable. Her good qualities are really something and I will always keep it in mind. Please send my best wishes to Miss Li.

Truly yours

Li Ming 3)申请信

【常用句型】

1. I am writing to apply for the position of that you advertised in China Daily this morning.

2. I've learned from the newspaper that your company is looking for a.

3. I am writing to inquire whether there is a vacancy in your company.

4. I graduated from Peking University with a bachelor's degree in Mathematics three years ago.

5. After completing my four-year study at Peking University in 2007, I was employed by LENOVO Company as a.

6. I have been working in since my graduation, and have therefore