中考考点专题归纳8--动词过去式、过去分词拼写规则

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1 中考考点专题归纳—动词过去式、过去分词拼写规则

表一:词尾带T现象

分 类 原词 过去式 过去分词 记忆技巧

第一类 bend

lend

send

rend

spend

build bent

lent

sent

rent

spent

built bent

lent

sent

rent

spent

built

d改t

第二类 burn

deal

dream

lean

learn

mean burnt

dealt

dreamt

leant

learnt

meant burnt

dealt

dreamt

leant

learnt

meant

词尾补t

第三类 breed

bleed

feed

speed

meet bred

bled

fed

sped

met bred

bled

fed

sped

met 元音压缩式

以“eed”“eet”结尾的将“ee”变“e”

第四类 creep

keep

sleep

sweep crept

kept

Slept

swept crept

kept

Slept

swept

eep改ept

第五类 feel

kneel

lead

leave

breave

creave

shoot

felt

knelt

led

left

breft

creft

shot

felt

knelt

led

left

breft

creft

shot

去一补一:将ee,ea或oo中的后一

个字母去掉,词尾补t,(t和d结尾的,不补t,ve结尾的,先改f)

第六类 lose

dwell

smell

spell lost

dwelt

smelt

spelt lost

dwelt

smelt

spelt

去e或l,补t

第七类 bring

buy

fight

seek

think

catch

teach brought

bought

fought

sought

thought

caught

taught brought

bought

fought

sought

thought

caught

taught 组合t:

保留元音前的辅音字母,其余ought,ch结尾的,改aught 2

表二:词尾带N 现象

分 类 原词 过去式 过去分词 记忆技巧

第一类 blow

draw

grow

know

throw

fly blew

drew

grew

knew

threw

flew blown

drawn

grown

known

thrown

flown 过去式:ow或aw改ew

过去分词:词尾加n

例外:fly

第二类 break

choose

freeze

speak

steal

broke

chose

froze

spoke

stole

broken

chosen

frozen

spoken

stolen

过去式:

将元音字母组合改o,并保持开音节(词尾带e)。

过去分词:

过去式后加n

第三类 drive

ride

rise

write

stride drove

rode

rose

wrote

strode driven

ridden

risen

written

stridden 过去式:i改o

过去分词:

词尾加n(注意双写)

第四类 take

mistake

overtake

undertake

shake

forsake took

mistook

overtook

undertook

shook

forsook taken

mistaken

overtaken

nudertaken

shaken

forsaken

过去式:a改oo

过去分词:词尾加n

第五类 bite

hide

slide

fall

give

beat

eat

see

be bit

hid

slid

fell

gave

beaten

ate

saw

was/were bitten

hidden

slidden

fallen

given

beaten

eaten

seen

been

过去式:无规则

过去分词:词尾加n,无e的要补e,闭音节要双写

第六类 bear

tear

wear

shear bore

tore

wore

shore born

torn

worn

shorn 过去式;ear改ore

过去分词:过去式后去e加n

3 表三:词尾带d现象

原词 过去式 过去分词

have

lay

pay

say

sell

tell

hear

hold had

laid

paid

said

sold

told

heard

held had

laid

paid

said

sold

teld

heard

held

表四:元音字母变化式

分 类 原词 过去式 过去分词 记忆技巧

第一类 begin

drink

sing

sink

ring

spring

swim began

drank

sang

sank

rang

sprang

swam begun

drunk

sung

sunk

rung

sprung

swum

过去式:i改a

过去分词:i改u

第二类 win

shine won

shone

won

shone

i改o

第三类 find

wind found

wound found

wound

i改ou

第四类 dig

stick

strike dug

stuck

struck dug

stuck

struck

i 改u