当前位置：文档之家 › 非谓语动词知识点总结

非谓语动词知识点总结

  • 格式：doc
  • 大小：32.50 KB
  • 文档页数：17

非谓语动词知识点总结非谓语动词知识点总结非谓语动词，又叫非限定动词，非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，接下来是小编为您整理的非谓语动词知识点总结，希望对您有所帮助。

I.概述1.基本形式的变化：不定式：时态主动态被动态一般式to doto be done进行式to be doing完成式to have builtto have been builtJohn said that he had run in order to catch the bus. (一般式的主动态)He hated to be misunderstood by others. (一般式的被动态)He pretended to be listening attentively. (进行式) He intended to have told you that. (完成式主动态)This work of art seemed to have been created several centuries ago. (完成式的被动态)v-ing形式时态主动态被动态一般式doingbeing done完成式having donehaving been done注意：不及物动词没有被动式动名词I am sure of his coming in time. (一般式主动态) (= I am sure that he will come in time)He is proud of being selected as monitor. (一般式被动态) (= He is proud that he is selected as monitor.) I’m confident of his having pa ssed the exam. (完成式主动态)(= I am confident that he have passed the exam.)He complained of having been cheated by others.(完成式被动态)现在分词He sat in a chair,reading a novel. (一般式主动态)Being exhausted by work, he fell asleep quickly. (一般式被动态)Having finished his homework, he went playing. (完成式主动态)All this having been settled, he went home. (完成式被动态)2.所做成分项目/成分主语表语宾语宾补定语状语动词的ing形式现在分词△ △△△动名词△△△ △不定式△△△△△△过去分词△ △△△注：现在分词、不定式、过去分词都可以作独立成分。

II.基本知识1.动词不定式在句中充当的成分①作主语。

To see once is better than to hear a hundred times.To make money is not the only purpose of our life.赚钱不是我们生活的唯一目的在很多情况下，常用it 来充当动词不定式的形式主语。

It is important for us to learn English very well.对我们来说学好英语是非常重要的。

②作动词的宾语，常用在以下动词后：help，hope，ask，refuse，decide，promise，wish，pretend，expect，arrange，learn，plan，demand，dare，manage，agree，prepare，fail，determine，offer，choose，desire，elect，long，(happen，seem)He managed to pass the exam.他成功地通过了考试。

He promised to be here at nine.他答应9点钟到这儿。

I didn’t expect to see you here.我没有料到在这儿见到你。

在某些复合宾语中，用it做形式宾语，而把不定式放到后面去。

He considered it better to leave now.他认为最好现在就离开。

I found it impossible to finish the work on time.我发现准时完成这项工作是不可能的。

③作定语(常置于名词之后)。

由only, last, next 序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词常用不定式做定语; 不定式还可用作名词代词的的宾语 (ability, anything, attempt, chance, curiosity, desire, decision, determination, effort, failure,intention, need, nothing, opportunity, place, plan, promise, reason, right, something)She is always the first student to arrive at school.He is always the last one to leave the office.他总是最后一个离开办公室。

I don’t think he is the best man to do the job.我想他不是做这项工作的最佳人选。

I have no desire to travel.You’ll find something to interest you here.注：动词不定式to后所接动词若是不及物动词，而不定式与其修饰的动词之间有动宾关系，这个不定式后就应有必要的介词。

I haven’t decided which hotel to stay at.I found no one to play with.④作状语I walked slowly on the ice in order not to fall down.(不至于跌倒) (表目的)They lifted a rock only to drop it on their own feet. (表结果)He tried only to fail. (结果没有成功)She was happy to hear the news. (表原因)不定式常用于修饰下列形容词：able,afraid,angry, anxious, apt, careful, careless, certain, clever, considerate, delighted,difficult,eager, easy, fit,frightened , happy, interesting, likely, lucky, quick, ready, reluctant , right, sorry, surprised, sure, thoughtful,thoughtless, unable, unwilling, wrong etc.French is difficult to learn. 法语难学。

I’m sorry to interrupt you, but I have to.⑤作独立副词成分。

To speak frankly, I don’t like your attitude.⑥与疑问词连用。

疑问代词who, what, which和疑问副词when, where, how等后加动词不定式，构成不定式短语，可在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等成分。

When to start has not been decided.什么时候出发还没有定。

The problem is how to get there on time.问题是怎样才能准时到达哪儿。

注意：①在有些动词后常用疑问词 + 动词不定式的结构。

这类动词有：know, ask, tell, show,wonder,consider,understand, learn, instruct, guess, see, explain, discover, imagine, think, hear 等。

He didn’t know what to do next.I haven’t decided whether to go to Japan.我没有决定是否到日本去。

②不定式的复合结构由for + 名词或代词 + 动词不定式构成的复合结构在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、状语等。

It is necessary for you to finish the work before Friday.你们有必要在星期五前做完这项工His idea is for us to travel in different cars.他的主意是让我们乘不同的车去旅游。

由of 引出的不定式复合结构，经常与以下形容词连用：brave, careless,,clever,courageous,foolish,good, honest,kind,nice,rash, right,rude,stupid,silly,thoughtful,thoughtless,wrong, wise等。

It’s kind of you to say so.It’s brave of you to go into the burning building to save the baby!你真勇敢，冲进着火的大楼里救这个婴儿③不带to 的动词不定式▲在有些使役动词及感官动词后可用省略to的动词不定式，如let,make,have, hear,see,feel,smell,hear,watch等。

The teacher often makes me rewrite the composition.老师常常让我把作文重写。

将该句转换成被动语态：I am often made by the teacher to rewrite the composition.I heard her say that she was fed up.▲在下列结构后常用不带to的动词不定式：had better, would rather, can not but, cannot help but,do nothing but等。

I’d better go now, or I’ll miss the train.They can not but accept his advice.我只好接受他的建议。

合集下载

高中英语知识点归纳非谓语动词作主语

高中英语知识点归纳非谓语动词作主语

高中英语知识点归纳非谓语动词作主语非谓语动词作主语是高中英语中的重要知识点之一。

它不仅在语法上起着重要作用，而且在写作和阅读中也具有广泛的应用。

本文将对非谓语动词作主语进行归纳总结，以帮助同学们更好地掌握和运用这一知识点。

一、非谓语动词作主语的定义非谓语动词指的是动词的非限定形式，包括不定式、动名词和分词。

当不定式、动名词或分词短语作为句子的主语时，就称之为非谓语动词作主语。

例如：1. 不定式作主语：To travel around the world is my dream.（环游世界是我的梦想。

）2. 动名词作主语：Swimming is good for your health.（游泳对健康有益。

）3. 分词作主语：Walking in the park is a popular activity.（在公园散步是一项受欢迎的活动。

）二、非谓语动词作主语的用法1. 非谓语动词作主语可以表示一种普遍的、抽象的概念或真理。

例如：To love is to care for others.（爱就是关心他人。

）2. 非谓语动词作主语可以表示一种具体的、个人的愿望或目标。

例如：My dream is to become a doctor.（我的梦想是成为一名医生。

）3. 非谓语动词作主语可以表示一种习惯、常态或现象。

例如：Playing basketball in the evening is their daily routine.（他们每天晚上打篮球是他们的日常活动。

）4. 非谓语动词作主语还可以与一些特定的动词搭配，构成固定的表达方式。

例如：What I miss most is eating my mom’s homemade foo d.（我最怀念的是吃我妈妈做的家常菜。

）三、非谓语动词作主语的注意事项1. 非谓语动词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。

例如：To speak English well is important for your career.（说好英语对你的事业很重要。

高中英语非谓语动词知识点总结

高中英语非谓语动词知识点总结

高中英语非谓语动词知识点总结高中英语非谓语动词知识点非谓语动词的形式非谓语动词包含四种形式，即不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。

其中，每种形式按照发生时间和主被动又包括不同的子形式。

具体如下：1. 不定式①基本形式：to do(表示主动，并且一般表示将来)②被动式：to be done(表示被动，并且一般表示将来)③进行式：to be doing (表示主动和进行)④完成时：to have done(表示主动和完成)⑤完成被动式：to have been done(表示被动和完成)⑥完成进行式：to have been doing (表示主动和完成进行)例如：The teacher told us to do morning exercises .老师让我们做早操。

The car to be bought is for his sister.要买的这辆车是给他的姐姐的。

She pretended to be reading when the teacher came into the classroom.老师进来时，她假装正在读书。

The thief is said to have escaped.据说小偷已经逃跑了。

The thief is said to have been arrested.据说小偷已经被抓住了。

She is said to have been working in the factory over the last 20 years.据说在过去的20年里，她一直在这家工厂工作。

2. 动名词①基本形式：doing (表示主动)②被动式：being done(表示被动)③完成式：having done(表示主动和完成)④完成被动式：having been done(表示被动和完成)例如：Travelling in space by ordinary people will be common in the future.在未来，普通人在太空旅行将会是普遍的事情。

高中英语知识点归纳非谓语动词的用法总结

高中英语知识点归纳非谓语动词的用法总结

高中英语知识点归纳非谓语动词的用法总结在高中英语学习中，非谓语动词是一个重要的语法知识点。

非谓语动词包括不定式、动名词和分词三种形式，它们在句子中可以充当多种不同的语法角色。

本文将对这三种非谓语动词的用法进行总结，帮助高中生们更好地掌握非谓语动词的用法。

一、不定式用法1. 不定式作主语例如：To learn a foreign language is not easy. （学一门外语并不容易。

）2. 不定式作宾语例如：I want to visit the museum tomorrow. （我明天想去参观博物馆。

）3. 不定式作目的状语例如：He went to the supermarket to buy some groceries. （他去超市买些杂货。

）4. 不定式作目标状语例如：We need to study hard to pass the exam. （为了通过考试，我们需要努力学习。

）5. 不定式作定语例如：The girl to my left is my best friend. （我左边的那个女孩是我最好的朋友。

）二、动名词用法1. 动名词作主语例如：Swimming is my favorite sport. （游泳是我最喜欢的运动。

）2. 动名词作宾语例如：He enjoys playing basketball. （他喜欢打篮球。

）3. 动名词作介词宾语例如：She is good at dancing. （她擅长跳舞。

）4. 动名词作宾语补足语例如：I find it difficult to understand his speech. （我觉得理解他的演讲很困难。

）5. 动名词作定语例如：The running water sounds so relaxing. （流水的声音听起来很放松。

）三、分词用法1. 现在分词作定语例如：The book on the table is mine. （桌子上的那本书是我的。

常见的非谓语动词知识点总结

常见的非谓语动词知识点总结

非谓语动词①一个句子常不能出现两个做谓语的动词②非谓语动词即在句中不做谓语,但却具有部分动词的性质(接宾语或表语)③分类时间意义不定式后时性表将来一次性动作也称动词动名词泛时性概念性v-ing形式现在分词也称动词现时性主动意义过去分词分词形式完成性被动意义一、动词不定式：（to）+do，具有名词、形容词、副词的特征。

否定式：not + (to) do ; 完成式to have done；进行式; to be doing;1, 不定式的句法功能：(1)作主语: 常用it作形式主语，真正的主语不定式置于句后常用句式有：①It+be+名词+to do; ②It takes sb. + some time +to do; ③It + be+ 形容词+ of sb.(人的品质) / for sb. + to do;It is very hard for us to finish the work in ten minutes. It means failure to lose your heart.It is careless of you to make such a silly mistake. It’s necessary for you to treasure the time.(2)作表语：Her job is to clean the hall. He appears to have caught a cold.(3)作宾语：如果不定式（宾语）后面有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语（不定式）后置，放在宾语补足语后面Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia. We think it important to study hard.动词不定式也可充当介词宾语，如：I have no choice but to stay here. He did nothing last Sunday but repair his bike.动词不定式前有时可与疑问词连用，如：He gave us some advice on how to learn English. He asked me what to do next.(4)作宾语补足语：He tells me to study hard. He asked me to sit down.(5)作定语：被修饰的名词前有序数词、形容词最高级或next, second, last, only等限定词时候，只能用不定式。