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高考英语复习专题六动词的时态和语态考向预测动词的时态和语态是历年高考的重点，是高考的必考点。
应特别注意以下几点：要把握各种时态的特点，注意易混淆时态间的差异；准确理解具体语境下时态的正确意义，捕捉句子中所隐含的时间信息；要克服汉语式的惯性思维，排除误导，培养发散性思维。
高考中常考的时态有一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、过去将来时、现在完成时、过去完成时、将来进行时、现在完成进行时、过去完成进行时等等。
学习时要注意总结规律，灵活使用，特别要注意一些时态的特殊用法。
高考主要以单项填空、语法填空、短文改错等形式考查，动词的时态和语态在语法填空和短文改错中是必考点。
2019年高考时态和语态还将是高考中的重点和难点所在。
知识与技巧的梳理动词时态和语态是两个非常重要的语法范畴，构成了英语语法的基本框架，几乎所有动词的考查都必须要借助于时态和语态来完成。
试题在考查时态和语态的同时，还兼顾其它语法内容的测试，比如各种从句、强调、倒装等，其交叉式和复合式的特点尤为明显。
考点1 一般现在时与现在进行时1．一般现在时（1）考查表示按时间表将要发生的动作或事件【典例】—Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 1026 _______ off at 18: 20.A. takesB. tookC. will be takenD. has taken【答案】A【解析】飞机起飞的时间是时间表上的安排，所以无论将来什么时候发生都用一般现在时，答案应是A。
（2）考查表示特征、能力或现在的情况或状态【典例】This machine . It hasn’t worked for years.A. didn’t workB. wasn’t workingC. doesn’t workD. isn’t working【答案】C【解析】机器闲置了很多年。
所以现在的状况也是不运转的，用一般现在时表示现在的状态，故答案为C 【典例】The house belongs to my aunt but she here anymore.A. hasn’t livedB. didn’t liveC. had livedD. doesn’t live【答案】D【解析】句中的谓语动词是现在时，故不住在这里也应该是现在的情况，答案应为D。
1．—Mum，you should have taken me to the park this morning.—I had planned to，but I couldn’t afford the time.I ________ a lecture.A．had given B．gaveC．was giving D．would give2．—Good evening.I ________to see Miss Mary.，but she is not in.—Oh，good evening.I’m sorryA．came B．comeC．have come D．had come解析：选C。
考查动词时态的用法。
选项A表示过去所发生的事情；B项表示经常性或习惯性的动作；C项表示目前的情况和影响；D项时态不符合对话的时间和语境。
3．—Hurry up！Alice and Sue are waiting for you at the school gate.—Oh！I thought they ________ without me.A．went B．are goingC．have gone D．had gone解析：选D。
考查时态。
答语句意：我原以为她们不等我就走了呢。
“走”和“想”这两个动作有时间上的先后关系，故用过去完成时。
4．—Tom is so joyful that he smiles at everyone.—So ________ you if you get the first in the exam.A．do B．areC．would D．will解析：选D。
句意：——汤姆如此高兴以至于见人就笑。
——如果你考试得了第一，你也会这样。
条件状语从句(if...)若用一般现在时，则主句要用一般将来时；此句相当于：You will also be so joyful if you get the first in the exam.。
时态和语态练习编英语高考专题之时态和语态练习题1. —Will Li Ming attend the concert by Jay Chou？—No. He _______for the coming speech contest lately.A. preparedB. was preparingC. has been preparingD. has prepared2. —I called at your house at about 7 o’clock yesterday evening, but you weren’t in.—I _______ a film in the cinema.A. sawB. had seenC. seeD. was seeing3.—Kevin, you look worried. Anything wrong?—Well, Ia test and I’m waiting for the result.A. will takeB. tookC. had takenD. take4. There they met two Indian monks who were Buddhist masters and _______ as educators without salary.A. were workingB. workedC. have workedD. had worked5. —My TV set doesn’t work, the water tap is dripping and my car is still under repair!—You sure _______ bad luck these days.A. are havingB. will haveC. had hadD. had6. —The food here is nice enough.—My friend _______ me a right place.A. introducesB. introducedC. had introducedD. was introducing7. —Wh at’s that noise? Is the water still running?—Oh, my God! I ______ to turn it off after I brushed my teeth.A. was forgettingB. had forgottenC. forgotD. forget8. —Is this the first time you _______ Xiamen?—No. But the first time I _______ here, the city wasn’t so beautiful.A. visited; comeB. visited; have comeC. have visited; cameD. have visited; have come9. He has promised me that upon my return he _______ for me at the airport.A. is waitingB. will be waitingC. will have waitedD. waits10. —What’s the matter?—The shoes don’t fit properly. They _______ my feet.A. will hurtB. have hurtC. are hurtingD. are hurt11.In order to find the missing child, villagers all they can over the past five hours.A. didB. doC. had doneD. have been doing12. It’s 7: 30. Hurry up! Your train _____ at 8: 15.A. leavesB. leftC. is leavingD. has left13. —My goodness! The accident might not have happened if we had done it more carefully.—But we _______.A. haven’tB. wouldn’tC. hadn’tD. didn’t14. “Life is like walking in the snow”, Granny used to say, “because every step”A. has shownB. is showingC. showsD. showed15.Close the door of fear behind you, and you the door of faith open before you.A. sawB. have seenC. will seeD. are seeing16. —I’m trying to find yesterday’s newspaper. Have you seen it?—I’m afraid that I _______ it away. I thought you had finished reading it.A. threwB. had thrownC. throwD. will throw17. —Why does the steak smell so strange?—I _______ it, it seems.A. had burntB. was burningC. have burntD. will burn18. We will be losing money this year unless that new economic plan of yours _______ well.A. is workingB. worksC. will be workingD. worked19. —Got your driving license?—No. I _______ too busy to have enough practice, so I didn’t take the driving test last week.A. wasB. amC. have beenD. had been20. —Will you please repeat your idea?—Certainly. But I think it certain that you _______ your attention.A. don’t payB. didn’t payC. weren’t payingD. aren’t paying21. The hotel wasn’t particularly good, but I _______ in many worse hotels.A. was stayingB. stayedC. would stayD. had stayed22.“The moment soon,” he thought to himself, waiting nervously.A. cameB. has comeC. was comingD. is coming23. —How can you borrow my computer without my permission?—Oh, I _______ to tell you. I hope you don’t mind.A. forgetB. forgotC. had forgottenD. am forgetting24. —Has Li Lei finished his work today?—I have no idea, but he _______ it when I saw him this morning.A. had doneB. would doC. was doingD. did25. —Joan was badly injured in the accident yesterday and she was sent to hospital.—Oh, really？I _______. I _______ visit her.A. didn’t know; will go toB. don’t know; will go toC. didn’t know; am going toD. haven’t known; am going to26. —I’ll be able to come to see your performance at 8: 30 tomorrow evening.—I’m sorry, by then my performance _______ and I _______ reporters in the meeting room.A. will be ended; will meetB. is to end; will meetC. will have ended; will be meetingD. will end; am going to meet27. “I’m more nervous right now than when I _______ , ” Jane said, as she saw the group of reporters waiting anxiously at the exit of the gym.A. had competedB. competeC. was competingD. have competed28. The managerthe workers how to improve the program since 9 am.A. has toldB. is tellingC. has been tellingD. will have told1. C 【解析】考查时态。
专题05非谓语动词2024年1.【2024新课标Ⅰ卷】These sepals open on warm days____58____(give)the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.58.【答案】to give【解析】考查非谓语动词。
句意：温室在温暖的日子里开放，利用液压系统为内部植物提供阳光和通风。
use sth.to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“使用某物去做某事”，所以空处应用动词不定式形式作宾语补足语。
故填to give。
2.【2024全国甲卷】Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level,the national parks,in particular,tend ____41____（catch）our attention because of their large size and variety.【答案】to catch【解析】考查非谓语动词。
句意：尽管村子任何层级的各种规模和类型的公园，但特别是国家公园，由于其规模大、种类多，往往会引起我们的注意。
固定搭配：tend to do sth.，表示“倾向于做某事”，不定式作宾语，故填to catch。
3.【2024新课标ⅠⅠ卷】Two years later,a six-meter-tall pavilion,___40___(inspire)by The Peony Pavilion, ___41___(build)at the Firs Garden,just ten minutes’walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.40.【答案】inspired【解析】考查非谓语动词。
句意：两年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成，该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程，其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。
非谓语动词担当后置定语，被修饰词“a six-meter-tall pavilion”和动词“inspire”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。
2019届高考英语总复习--时态、语态第一讲时态、语态考查动词的各种时态基本定义最重要Ⅰ示之以范____________________________________________________原则这样运用1．(2017•全国卷Ⅰ)Fastfood____________(be)fulloffatandsalt；byeatingorefastfoodpeoplewillgetoresaltandfatthantheyneedinthei rdiet.is 解析：此处表示客观事实，应用一般现在时，故填is。
2．(2016•浙江卷)Whileonlineshopping____________(change)ourlife,notallofitsef fectshavebeenpositive.haschanged 解析：主语是onlineshopping，结合语境以及后面的havebeen可知，这里要用现在完成时。
3．(2016•浙江卷)Silk____________(becoe)oneofthepriarygoodstradedalongtheSilk Roadbyabout100Bc.hadbecoe 解析：byabout100Bc是时间状语，这里强调到公元前一百年为止，所以要用过去完成时。
4．(2015•天津卷)janecan’tattendtheeetingat3o’clockthisafternoonbecauseshe____________(teach)aclassatthattie. willbeteaching 解析：atthattie提示此处表示将来的某个具体时间正在发生的动作。
5．(2016•北京卷)jack____________(work)inthelabwhenthepowercutoccurred.wasworking 解析：表示过去某时正在发生的事情，应用过去进行时。
高考英语五年真题（2019-2023年）专题汇总解析—非谓语动词一、2023年高考真题1.2023新高考全国Ⅰ卷To eat one, you have to decide whether ____37____ (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出)...【答案】to bite【解析】考查非谓语动词。
句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。
decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，用不定式作宾语，空处与后面to put并列作宾语，故填to bite。
2.2023新高考全国Ⅰ卷Shanghai may be the ____39____ (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long hao’s birthplace.【答案】recognized【解析】考查非谓语动词。
句意：上海可能是公认的小笼包之乡，但美食历史学家会告诉你，邻近的运河小镇南翔才是小笼包的发源地。
空格在名词home前面作定语，recognize与home是逻辑上动宾关系，需填过去分词recognized作定语，recognized“被公认的”也可以看作是形容词作定语。
故填recognized。
3.2023新高考全国Ⅰ卷Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ____41____ (lift) out of the steamer basket ...【答案】to be lifted【解析】考查非谓语动词。
专题06动词的时态、语态和主谓一致1.（2023年新高考II卷）As a little girl,I________(wish)to be a zookeeper when I grew up.【答案】wished【详解】考查动词时态。
句意：作为一个小女孩，我希望长大后成为一名动物园管理员。
分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以wish作本句谓语，和主语I之间是主动关系，根据后文的grew可知用一般过去时。
故填wished。
2.（2023年浙江卷1月）Citizens of higher social classes(permit)to live closer to the center of the circles.【答案】were permitted【详解】考查动词的被动语态。
句意：高等阶层的公民被允许住在离中心地带更近的地方。
分析句子结构可知，空格处在句中作谓语，和主语Citizens of higher social classes构成被动关系，因为是对过去事实的陈述应用一般过去时。
故填were permitted。
3.（2023年浙江卷1月）The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often______ (feature)beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars(柱子).【答案】featured【详解】考查动词时态。
句意：这些高级官员和有钱商人的高大的四合院，通常以雕刻精美和被粉刷的房顶横梁和柱子为特点。
分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填谓语动词，再结合上下文时态可知，空格处应用一般过去时。
故填featured。
1.(2022年全国高考新高考I卷语法填空)The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ________(be)previously unprotected,bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.【答案】were【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。
备战2019高考英语专题-动词的语态-巩固提升练习（含解析）一、单选题ter Mrs Smith decided to buy that kind of cloth because she that thecloth very well.A. has been told;washesB. had been told;washedC. was told;was washedD. had been told;was washed2.—Would you please let me know when the training center ________? —Sometime next month.A.will be set upB.would be set upC.has been set upD.was set upst year a flood of workers returned to their hometown for the money-making jobs they ______ before leaving their working places in bigger cities.A. promisedB. were promisedC. have promisedD. had been promised4.The International Olympic Committee announces here that an increase of 15 events to the program of the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games.A. will makeB. will be madeC. has beenmade D. had made5.The manager has told Xiao Wang to travel to Xuzhou city, Jiangsu province on business, where somebody______ when his train pulls into the station.A. has waitedB. will have waitedC. has beenwaiting D. will be waiting6.—Will you attend the meeting this afternoon?—But I ____________ anything about that.A. hadn't been toldB. haven't been toldC. didn'ttell D. won't tell7.Three-fourths of the buildings _________.A. were destroyedB. is destroyedC. was destroyedD. has been destroyed8.—The sports meeting will ________ because of the terrible weather.—Sorry to hear that.A. put onB. be put onC. putoff D. be put off9.If your knowledge can be in some way with my experiences, we are sure to succeed.A. combinedB. unitedC. connectedD. joined10.—I won't come to the party unless Sue , too.—You mean if Sue comes you'll come?A. will inviteB. invitesC. invitedD. is invited11.It is impossible to avoid ______ by advertisements in a modern society.A. to be influencedB. being influencedC. toinfluence D. influencedrge amounts of water __________ in the past five years.A. were pollutedB. was pollutedC. has been pollutedD. have been polluted13.Your donation greatly appreciated and the money will be used to help the students from poor families.A. has beenB. isC. wasD. had been14.A new trading agreement _______ between Holland and Denmark.A. was drawn inB. was drawn upC. has been made upD. had been drawn up15.We won't start the work until all the preparations ________.A. are being madeB. will be madeC. have been madeD. had been made16.Ann ________ a certificate at the end of the program to show she has learned computer skills.A. will giveB. will be givenC. gaveD. was given17.—Have you moved into the new house?—Not yet. It .A. has been builtB. was builtC. is being builtD. had been built18.The life-saving drug invented in 1897, which ________ aspirin, has helped increase the standard of people's health greatly.A. was calledB. is calledC. has been calledD. had been called19.The window ________by Tom last week.A. isbroken B. broke C. breaksD. was broken20.Once environmental damage ___________, it takes many years for the system to recover.A. has doneB. is to doC. doesD. is done21.When I got to his house, I found that the walls _____ .A. are being paintedB. are paintingC. were being paintedD. were painting22.Now the world's attention ________ the stocking markets, as they have great influence on the world's economy.A. is fixing onB. is being fixed onC. has fixed onD. had been fixed on23.The little boy, along with his classmates, ________ for their bravery action intime of danger.A. were praisedB. was praisedC. havepraised D. has praised24.Finally she ___________ that Tom was guilty.A. was convinced ofB. was convincedC. convincedD. was convincing25.— Why do you look worried?— Jane left the company half a month ago. Her work ______ unfinished since.A. leftB. has leftC. has beenleft D. was left26.A new cinema _____ here. They hope to finish it next month.A. will be builtB. is being builtC. has beenbuilt D. is built27.—Are we about to having dinner?—Yes, it ________ in the dining room.A. serveB. is servingC. is being servedD. has been servinglions of pounds' worth of damage ________ by a storm which swept across thenorth of England last night.A. has been causedB. had been causedC. will be causedD. willhave been caused29.Meat _______ out in this shop. We can _________ now.A. have been sold, get nothingB. has been sold, get nothingC. has been sold, get someD. have been sold, get someually before exams, students ______ two minutes to write down their names.A. are givenB. were givenC. gaveD. give31.— Did he decide to take part in the competition?— Yes, of course. He _____ to.A. has been encouragingB. had been encouragedC. has been encouragedD. was to be encouraged32.Now that the problem ________, appropriate action can be taken, and finalsuccess will be seen.A. is identifiedB. was identifiedC. has been identifiedD. hadbeen identified33.After school we went to the reading-room to do some reading, only to be toldthat it .A. was decoratedB. had decoratedC. had been decoratingD. wasbeing decorated二、语法填空34.—What's wrong with your radio?—I don't know. It ________ (mend) by my brother now.35.Smoking is not ________ (permission) in the workshop.36.The exhibition is ________ (schedule) to run from January until March.37.The Chinese language is often ________(refer) to as Han.38.Ever since he moved there, he ________(bury) in his research work.答案一、单选题1.【答案】B【解析】【分析】考查时态与感官动词。
1 2 专题五 动词的时态和语态 1.【2015·北京】22.--Did you enjoy the party? --Yes,we___by our hosts. A.were treated B.would be treated. C.treated D.had treated 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：句意：——你喜欢这个聚会吗？——是的，我们的主人很好的招待了我们。根据上一句中的did可知用一般过去时；且we和treated是动宾关系，用被动语态。空中应用一般过去时的被动语态，故选A。 【考点定位】考查动词的时态及语态。 【名师点睛】本题考查时态和语态，本题需要先看句子中有没有明确的时间状语，然后再看有没有相关的词，比如隐藏的时间点，和一些动词的过去式。解答时态语态题时，学生需要注意结合上下文语境，找出相关提示词来判断时态；并且分析出主语和动词是主谓关系还是动宾关系。 2.【2015·北京】26.in the last few years,China ___ great achievements in environmental protection. A.has made B.had made C.was making D.is making 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：句意：在过去的这些年里，中国在环境保护中取得了很大的成就。由时间状语in the last few years可推知动作从过去一段时间持续到现在并对现在造成影响，用现在完成时。故选A。 【考点定位】考查时态。 【名师点睛】判断时态可以从时间状语入手，题干中的in the last few years为现在完成时的时间标志词。类似的还有over/ for/ during the last/ past years/months…均为现在完成时的时间标志，所以做此类题时，需要先看句子中是否有明确的时间点，然后我再判断时态。 3.【2015·北京】27.—Did you have difficulty finding Ann' house? —Not really.She___us clear directions and we were able to find it.easily? 1 2 A.was to give B.had given C.was giving D.would give 【答案】B
【考点定位】考查时态。 【名师点睛】本题考查学生对时态的掌握情况，现在完成时和过去完成时都是考试中常出的考点。分析前后两句两个动作，判断出后者的动作发生在前者的动作之前，是过去的过去，用过去完成时。 4.【2015·北京】30. —Dr. Jackson is not in his office at the moment. —All right. I____ him later. A. will call B. have called C. call D will be calling 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：句意：——Dr.Jackson现在不在办公室。——好的，我待会再打给他。由later可知，表示的是将来要执行的动作，用一般将来时。故选A。 【考点定位】考查时态。 【名师点睛】本题根据对话形式进行时态考查，句中包含的时间状语是解答此题的突破点。所以要做好此类题，一定要注意题中有没有明确的时间点，或者其他可以代替时间点的词，所以根据时间状语可以看出正确答案。 5.【2015·重庆】1. —Is Peter coming? —No, he____ his mind after a phone call at the last minute. A. changes B. changed C. was changing D. had changed 【答案】B
【解析】 试题分析：句意：彼得来了吗？没有，刚才接到一个电话后改变主意了。根据at the last minute在最后一秒可能发生在过去，故用一般过去时。 【考点定位】考查动词的时态。 【名师点睛】动词的时态一直是热点，需要根据时间状语来进行确定，但本题要根据当时的1 2 语境来进行再次确认，才得到答案。首先看到第一句话Is Peter coming来了吗？可知彼得还没有来，而下句话at the last minute最后一刻，符合一般过去时的用法中的，第一条：一般过去时表示过去某个特定时间发生，并且一下子就完成了的动作（即：非持续性动作）。 6.【2015·重庆】13. In my hometown, there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat____ cut. A. will have been B. will be C. was D. has been 【答案】D
【解析】 1
2 试题分析：句意：在我的家乡，麦子丰收过后农民会有一个庆祝晚餐。现在完成时表示动作已经完成，才会举行庆祝活动，故选D项。 【考点定位】考查动词的时态 【名师点睛】 现在完成时现在完成时由“have/has+过去分词”构成，主要有两个含义： ①表示动作发生在过去，但与现在的情况有联系，有时无时间状语，有时和一些表示不确定的过去时间状语连用②表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在并还可能继续延续下去的动作，用于延续性动词，且句中常带有表示一段时间的时间状语。 7.【2015·浙江】8. Albert Einstein was born in 1879. As a child, few people guessed that he a famous scientist whose theories would change the world. A. has been B. had been C. was going to be D. was 【答案】C
【解析】 试题分析：句意：爱因斯坦出生于1879年，小的时候很少人猜到他将会成为一个伟大的科学家，他的理论将会改变全世界。根据句意，应该是表达过去将来时，所以只有C选项符合。该选项是使用过去进行时表将来。A选项是现在完成时（用以表达过去的动作对现在的影响，往往有一些关键的词比如说since或者是for加一段时间），B选项是过去完成时(具备的条件是有两个动词，而且其中一个动作要在另一个动作之前发生，那么这个之前发生的动词就使用过去完成时)，C选项是过去进行时（过去进行时表示过去某一此刻正在进行的动作，另外动词going的进行时还可以表达将来），D选项是过去时（表达过去的动作）。结合以上的表述以及后句使用的情态动词would（will 的过去时，用于过去将来时），分析可知答案就是C。 【考点定位】考查动词时态 【名师点睛】分析4个选项可以知道，该题考查的其实是不同的时态。掌握英语的时态和语态，必须掌握好英语中的助动词(do, be, have)和时间状语这两个核心问题，如本题的1879, would change的提示。另外也要结合使用语境综合分析选项，最终得出答案。 8.【2015·天津】9. Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement______ so far by the two sides. A. has been reached B. was reached C. will reach D. will have reached 【答案】A 1 2 【解析】 试题分析：句意：尽管之前多轮谈判，但到目前为止双方没有达成任何协议。根据句中的时间状语so far“到目前为止”可知用现在完成时。主语agreement与reach为被动关系，根据句意可知选A。 【考点定位】考查时态。 【名师点睛】本题考查时态。现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,也可表示过去已经开始,一直延续到现在的动作或状态。分析此题只需要牢牢抓住时间状语so far“到目前为止”，从而判定出所应当运用的时态。 9.【2015·天津】6. Jane can’t attend the meeting at 3 o’clock this afternoon because she ______ a class at that time. A. will teach B. would teach C. has taught D. will be teaching 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：句意：简不能参加今天下午3点钟的会议，因为她那个时候在一个班上课。根据句中的时间状语at that time，指代at 3 o’clock this afternoon，表示在将来的某一时刻正在做某事，故用将来完成时。故选D。 【考点定位】考查时态。 【名师点睛】本题考查时态。将来进行时主要表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作，或表示要在将来某一时间开始，并继续下去的动作。分析此题需抓住时间状语，以及that time所代指的时间，再联系所学将来进行时所应用的范围及句意可以选择正确的答案。 10.【2015·四川】4.More expressways in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy. A. are being built B. will be built C. have been built D. had been built 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：考查时态。本句为时态题，根据时间状语soon可知，考查了将来时，故选择B。句意为：四川将建设更多的高速公路以促进当地的经济。 【考点定位】考查时态
