英语常用医学术语
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西医篇:1、医院部门及科室名称2、医务人员名称3、诊断和治疗常用词汇4、常见疾病名称5、常见手术名称6、常用药物名称7、常用护理术语8、常用临床医学术语9、医疗器材10、医学英语快速记忆-后缀11、主要人体系统名称12、医院类型名称13、医学词汇14、医学常用字首与字根1.医院部门及科室名称out-patient department 门诊部In-patient department 住院部Nursing department 护理部Admission office 住院处Discharge office 出院处Registration office 挂号处Reception room, waiting room 侯诊室Consultation room 诊察室Isolation room 隔离室Delivery room 分娩室Emergency room 急诊室Ward 病房室Department of internal medicine 内科Department of surgery 外科Department of pediatrics 儿科Department of obstetrics and gynecology 妇科Department of neurology 神经科Department of ophtalmology 眼科E.N.T.department 耳鼻喉科Department of stomatology 口腔科Department of urology 泌尿科Department of orthopedic 骨科Department of traumatology 创伤科Department of endocrinology 内分泌科Department of anesthesiology 麻醉科Department of dermatology 皮肤科Department of infectious diseases 传染病科Department of pathology 病理科Department of psychiatry 精神科Department of orthopacdic surgery 矫形外科Department of cardiac surgery 心脏外科Department of cerebral surgery 脑外科Department of thoracic surgery 胸外科Pharmacy dispensary 药房Nutrition department 营养部Diet-preparation department 配膳室Therapeutic department 治疗室Operating room/Theater 手术室Blood-bank 血站Supply-room 供应室Disinfection-room 消毒室Dressing room 换药室Mortuary 太平间Record room 病案室Department of plastic surgery 矫形外科Department of physiotherapy 理疗科electrotherapy room 电疗科heliotherapy room 光疗科wax-therapy room 蜡疗科hydrotherapy room 水疗科central laboratory 中心实验室clinical laboratory 临床实验室bacteriological laboratory 细菌实验室biochemical laboratory 生化实验室serological laboratory 血清实验室X-ray room X光室doctor’s office 医生办公室nurse’s office 护士办公室2.医务人员名称director of the hospital 院长physician 内科医师chief physician 主任医师associate chief physician 副主任医师attending doctor 主治医师resident doctor 住院医师intern doctor 实习医师general practitioner 全科医师specialist 专科医师head of the nursing department 护理部主任Head nurse 护士长Student nurse 实习护士E.N.T.doctor 耳鼻喉科医师Ophthalmologist 眼科医师Dentist 牙科医师Orthopedist 骨科医师Dermatologist 皮肤科医师urologist surgeon 泌尿外科医师neurosurgeon 神经外科医师plastic surgeon 矫形外科医师anaesthetist 麻醉科医师Doctor for tuberculosis 结核科医师Physiotherapist 理疗科Doctor for infectious diseases 传染病科Dietician 营养科医师Pediatrician 儿科医师Obstetrician 产科医师Midwife 助产师Gynecologist 妇科医师Radiologist 放射科医师Epidemiologist 流行病医师Pharmacist 药剂医师Assistant pharmacist 药剂医士Laboratory technician 化验员Assistant nurse 卫生员Cleaner 清洁员Controller 总务科长Registrar 挂号员Sanitation worker 消毒员3.诊断和治疗常用词汇inspection 望诊inquiry 问诊auscultation 听诊percussion 扣诊palpation 触诊biopsy 活组织检查pathological section 病理切片endoscopy 内窥镜检查ECG(electrocardiogram) examination 心电图检查EEG(electrocardiogram) examination 脑电图检查Intravenous pyelography 静脉肾盂造影术Skin-test 皮肤试验examination by centesis 穿刺检查routine analysis of blood 血常规分析urine analysis of blood 尿常规分析red blood cell count(RBC) 红细胞计数white blood cell count(WBC) 白细胞计数general check-up 全身检查routine examination 常规检查follow-up examination 随访检查consultation 会诊emergency 急诊diagnosis 诊断prognosis 预后convalescence, recovery 康复relapse 复发treatment 治疗prescribe 开药方fill a prescription 配药injecting 打针hypodermic injection 皮下注射intramuscular injection 肌肉注射intravenous injection 静脉注射inoculating 预防注射fluid infusion 点滴注射blood transfusion 输血dose 剂量tablet 药片capsule 胶囊liquid medicine 药水powder 药粉ointment 药膏(软膏)plaster 硬膏,石膏lotion 洗剂suppository 栓剂analgesics 止痛药antipyetics 退烧药antitussive 止咳药expectorant 祛痰药diuretics 利尿药hemostatic 止血药antidiarrheal 止泄药antipruritic 止痒药antidote 解毒药antirheumatic 抗风湿药anticarcinogen 抗癌药antibiotics 抗菌素anticoagulant 抗凝剂cardiac tonic 强心药vasodilator 血管舒张药vasoconstrictor 血管收缩药antiepileptic 抗癫痫药antispasmodic 解痉药sedative 镇静药anesthetics 麻醉药penicillin 盘尼西林streptomycin 链霉素gentamycin 庆大霉素aspirin 阿斯匹林morphine 吗啡dolantin 杜冷丁iodine 碘酒distilled water 蒸馏水normal saline solution 生理食盐水atropine 阿托品hormone 激素glucose 葡萄糖side effect, adverse effect 副作用operative treatment 手术疗法major operation 大手术minor operation 小手术anesthesia 麻醉general anesthesia 全身麻醉local anesthesia 局部麻醉excision, removal, resection 切除术tonsillectomy 扁桃体切除术thyroidectomy 甲状腺切除术pneumonectomy 肺切除术mastectomy 乳房切除术gastrectomy 胃切除术cholecystectomy 胆囊切除术hepalobectomy 肝叶切除术splenectomy 脾切除术nephrectomy 肾切除术salpingectomy 输卵管切除术hysterectomy 子宫切除术hysteromyomectomy 子宫肌瘤切除术proctectomy 直肠切除术appendectomy 阑尾切除术prostatectomy 前列腺切除术tracheotomy 气管切开术incision of abscess 脓肿切开术craniotomy 颅骨切开thoracotomy 胸廓切开laparotomy 剖腹术amputation 截肢fixation 固定hot compress 热敷cold compress 冷敷gastric lavage 洗胃enema 灌肠urethral catheterication 导尿hemostasis 止血dressing 包扎sew up the incision 缝合切口remove the stitches 拆线cardiac massage 心脏按摩artificial respiration 人工呼吸diet 饮食special diet 特定饮食low protein diet 低蛋白饮食low fat diet 低脂肪饮食low calorie diet 低热量饮食liquid diet 流质饮食semi-liquid diet 半流质饮食solid diet 固体饮食light diet 易消化的饮食vegetable diet 素食4.常见疾病名称Internal Medicine 内科Acidosis 酸中毒Adams-Stokes syndrome 亚-斯氏综合症alcoholism, alcoholic intoxication 酒精中毒alkalosis 碱中毒anaphylaxis 过敏症anemia 贫血iron deficiency anemia 缺铁性贫血megaloblastic anemia 巨幼红细胞性贫血aplastic anemia 再生障碍性贫血angiitis 脉管炎angina pectoris 心绞痛arteriosclerosis 动脉硬化apoplexy 中风auricular fibrillation 心房纤颤auriculo-ventricular block 房室传导阻滞bronchial asthma 支气管哮喘bronchitis 支气管炎bronchiectasis 支气管扩张bronchopneumonia 支气管肺炎carcinoma 癌cardiac arrhythmia 心律紊乱cardiac failure 心力衰竭cardiomyopathy 心肌病cirrhosis 肝硬化coronary arteriosclerotic heart disease 冠状动脉硬化性心脏病Crohn disease 克罗恩病Cushing’s syndr ome 库欣综合症diabetes 糖尿病diffuse intravascular coagulation 弥散性血管凝血dysentery 痢疾enteritis 肠炎gastric ulcer 胃溃疡gastritis 胃炎gout 痛风hepatitis 肝炎Hodgkin’s disease 霍奇金病hyperlipemia 高脂血症,血脂过多hyperparathyroidism 甲状旁腺功能亢进hypersplenism 脾功能亢进hypertension 高血压hyperthyroidism 甲状腺功能亢进hypoglycemia 低血糖hypothyroidism 甲状腺功能减退infective endocarditis 感染性心内膜炎influenza 流感leukemia 白血病lobar pneumonia 大叶性肺炎lymphadenitis 淋巴结炎lymphoma 淋巴瘤malaria 疟疾malnutrition 营养不良measles 麻疹myeloma 骨髓瘤myocardial infarction 心肌梗死myocarditis 心肌炎nephritis 肾炎nephritic syndrome 肾综合症obstructive pulmonary emphysema 阻塞性肺气肿pancreatitis 胰腺炎peptic ulcer 消化性溃疡peritonitis 腹膜炎pleuritis 胸膜炎pneumonia 肺炎pneumothorax 气胸purpura 紫癜allergic purpura 过敏性紫癜thrombocytolytic purpura 血小板减少性紫癜pyelonephritis 肾盂肾炎renal failure 肾功能衰竭rheumatic fever 风湿病rheumatoid arthritis 类风湿性关节炎scarlet fever 猩红热septicemia 败血症syphilis 梅毒tachycardia 心动过速tumour 肿瘤typhoid 伤寒ulcerative colitis 溃疡性结肠炎upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage 上消化道血Neurology 神经科brain abscess 脑脓肿cerebral embolism 脑栓塞cerebral infarction 脑梗死cerebral thrombosis 脑血栓cerebral hemorrhage 脑出血concussion of brain 脑震荡craniocerebral injury 颅脑损伤epilepsy 癫痫intracranial tumour 颅内肿瘤intracranial hematoma 颅内血肿meningitis 脑膜炎migraine 偏头痛neurasthenia 神经衰弱neurosis 神经官能症paranoid psychosis 偏执性精神病Parkinson’s disease 帕金森综合症psychosis 精神病schizophrenia 精神分裂症Surgery 外科abdominal external hernia 腹外疝acute diffuse peritonitis 急性弥漫性腹膜炎acute mastitis 急性乳腺炎acute pancreatitis 急性胰腺炎acute perforation of gastro-duodenal ulcer急性胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔acute pyelonephritis 急性肾盂肾炎anal fissure 肛裂anal fistula 肛瘘anesthesia 麻醉angioma 血管瘤appendicitis 阑尾炎bleeding of gastro-duodenal ulcer 胃十二指肠溃疡出血bone tumour 骨肿瘤breast adenoma 乳房腺瘤burn 烧伤cancer of breast 乳腺癌carbuncle 痈carcinoma of colon 结肠炎carcinoma of esophagus 食管癌carcinoma of gallbladder 胆囊癌carcinoma of rectum 直肠癌carcinoma of stomach 胃癌cholecystitis 胆囊炎cervical spondylosis 颈椎病choledochitis 胆管炎cholelithiasis 胆石症chondroma 软骨瘤dislocation of joint 关节脱位erysipelas 丹毒fracture 骨折furuncle 疖hemorrhoid 痔hemothorax 血胸hypertrophy of prostate 前列腺肥大intestinal obstruction 肠梗阻intestinal tuberculosis 肠结核lipoma 脂肪瘤lithangiuria 尿路结石liver abscess 肝脓肿melanoma 黑色素瘤osseous tuberculosis 骨结核osteoclastoma 骨巨细胞瘤osteoporosis 骨质疏松症osteosarcoma 骨质疏松症osteosarcoma 骨肉瘤Paget’s disease 佩吉特病perianorecrtal abscess 肛管直肠周围脓肿phlegmon 蜂窝织炎portal hypertension 门静脉高压prostatitis 前列腺炎protrusion of intervertebral disc 椎间盘突出purulent arthritis 化脓性关节炎pyogenic ostcomyclitis 化脓性骨髓炎pyothorax 脓胸rectal polyp 直肠息肉rheumatoid arthritis 类风湿性关节炎rupture of spleen 脾破裂scapulohumeral periarthritis 肩周炎tenosynovitis 腱鞘炎tetanus 破伤风thromboangiitis 血栓性脉管炎thyroid adenocarcinoma 甲状腺腺癌thyroid adenoma 甲状腺腺瘤trauma 创伤urinary infection 泌尿系感染varicose vein of lower limb 下肢静脉曲张Paediatrics 儿科acute military tuberculosis of the lung 急性粟粒性肺结核acute necrotic enteritis 急性坏死性结肠炎anaphylactic purpura 过敏性紫癜ancylostomiasis 钩虫病ascariasis 蛔虫病asphyxia of the newborn 新生儿窒息atrial septal defect 房间隔缺损birth injury 产伤cephalhematoma 头颅血肿cerebral palsy 脑性瘫痪congenital torticollis 先天性斜颈convulsion 惊厥Down’s syndrome 唐氏综合症glomerulonephritis 肾小球肾炎hemophilia 血友病infantile diarrhea 婴儿腹泻intracranial hemorrhage of the newborn 新生儿颅内出血intussusception 肠套叠necrotic enterocolitis of newborn 新生儿坏死性小肠结膜炎neonatal jaundice 新生儿黄疸nutritional iron deficiency anemia 营养性缺铁性贫血nutritional megaloblastic anemia 营养性巨幼细胞性贫血patent ductus arteriosis 动脉导管未闭poliomyelitis 骨髓灰质炎premature infant 早产儿primary tuberculosis 原发性肺结核progressive muscular dystrophy 进行性肌肉营养不良pulmonary stenosis 肺动脉狭窄purulent meningitis 化脓性脑膜炎rickets 佝偻病sepsis of the newborn 新生儿败血症tetanus of the newborn 新生儿破伤风tetralogy of Fallot 法洛四联症thrush 鹅口疮,真菌性口炎varicella 水痘ventricular septal defect 室间隔缺损viral encephalitis 病毒性脑炎viral myocarditis 病毒性心肌炎Gynecology and Obstetrics 妇,产科abortion 流产adenomyosis 子宫内膜异位症amniotic fluid embolism 羊水栓塞Bartholin’s cyst 巴氏腺囊肿carcinoma of cervix 子宫颈癌carcinoma of endometrium 子宫内膜癌carcinoma of ovary 卵巢癌cervicitis 宫颈炎chorio-epithelioma 绒毛膜上皮癌corpora luteum cyst 黄体囊肿dystocia 难产eclampsia 子痫edema-proteinuria-hypertension syndrome水肿蛋白尿高血压综合征(妊娠高血压综合征)endometriosis 子宫内膜异位症extrauterine pregnancy 子宫外孕hydatidiform mole 葡萄胎hyperemesis gravidarum 妊娠剧吐infertility 不育症irregular menstruation 月经失调lochia 恶露monilial vaginitis 念珠菌性阴道炎multiple pregnancy 多胎妊娠myoma of uterus 子宫肿瘤oligohydramnios 羊水过少ovarian tumour 卵巢肿瘤pelvic inflammatory disease 盆腔炎placenta previa 前置胎盘placental abruption 胎盘早期剥离pregnancy-hypertension syndrome 妊娠高血压综合症premature birth 早产premature rupture of membrane 胎膜早破postpartum hemorrhage 产后出血puerperal infection 产褥感染rupture of uterus 子宫破裂trichomonas vaginitis 滴虫性阴道炎uteroplacental apoplexy 子宫胎盘卒中vulvitis 外阴炎Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology 五官科amblyopia 弱视amygdalitis, tonsillitis 扁桃体炎astigmatism 散光carcinoma of nasopharynx鼻咽癌carcinoma of larynx 喉癌cataract 白内障tinnitus 耳鸣chalazion 霰粒肿,脸板腺囊肿colour blindness 色盲deflection of nasal septum 鼻中隔偏曲deafness 聋furuncle of nasalvestibule 鼻前庭疖glaucoma 青光眼heterotropia 斜视hyperopia 远视injury of cornea 角膜损伤ceruminal impaction 耵聍嵌塞iritis 虹膜炎keratitis 角膜炎labyrinthitis 迷路炎,内耳炎laryngitis 喉炎mastoiditis 乳突炎myopia 近视nasal sinusitis 鼻窦炎otitis media 中耳炎obstruction of larynx 喉梗阻peritonsillar abscess 扁桃体中脓肿pharyngitis 咽炎rhinitis 鼻炎Dermatoloty 皮科acne 痤疮carcinoma of skin 皮肤癌bed sore 褥疮decubitus ulcer 褥疮性溃疡drug eruption 药皮疹eczema 湿疹herpes simplex 单纯疱疹herpes zoster 带状疱疹lupus erythematosis 红斑狼疮psoriasis 牛皮癣urticaria 荨麻疹wart 疣5.常见手术名称General Sugery 普外appendectomy (appendicectomy) 阑尾切除术cholecystectmy 胆囊切除术cholecystostomy 胆囊造口术drainage of the abscess 脓肿引流enterostomy 肠造口术exploratory laparotomy 开腹探查术gastrectomy 胃切除术gastroduodenostomy 胃十二指肠吻合术hemorrhoidectomy 痔切除术hepaticotomy 肝管切开术hepatectomy 肝切除术herniorrhaphy 疝修补术ligation of lower oesophageal veins 低位食管静脉结扎pancreatectomy 胰切除术portal vena cava anastomosis 门腔静脉吻合术pyloroplasty 幽门成形术mastectomy 乳房切除术splenectomy 脾切除术thyroidectomy 甲状腺切除术thyroid lobectomy 甲状腺叶切除术vagotomy 迷走神经切断术Orthopedics 骨科amputation 截肢arthrodesis 关节固定术curettage if bone tumor 骨瘤刮除术excision of bone tumor 骨瘤切除术external fixation 外固定fasciotomy 筋膜切开术free skin graft 自由皮瓣移植internal fixation 内固定plaster cast 石膏管形plaster splintage 石膏夹板固定prosthetic replacement for joint 人工关节置换术reduction of fracture 骨折复位reduction of joint dislocation 关节脱位复位repair if ligament 韧带修补replantation if digit断指再植skeletal traction 骨牵引tenorrhaphy 腱缝合术Thoracic Surgery 胸外科aortocoronary bypass 主动脉冠状动脉分流closed drainage of pleural cavity 胸腔闭式引流complete intracardiac repair of Fallot’s Tetralogy 法洛完全修复术dilation of aortic valular stenosis 主动脉瓣狭窄扩张术exploratory thoracotomy 开胸探查heart transplantation 心脏移植heart valve replacement 心脏瓣膜置换术ligation of patent ductus arteriosis 动脉导管未闭结扎术lobectomy of lungs 肺叶切除local excision of tumor of lungs 肺肿瘤局部切除术parial esophagectomy and reconstruction of esophagus食管部分切除、重建repair of auricular septal defect 房间隔缺损修补术repair if ventricular septal defect 室间隔缺损修补术repair if valvular insufficiency 瓣膜闭锁不全的修补pericardiectomy 心包切除术peicardiotomy 心包切开术pulmonary embolectomy 肺动脉栓子切除术resection of arterial aneurysm动脉瘤切除术Urology 泌尿科cystoplasty 膀胱成形术cystostomy 膀胱造口术nephrectomy 肾切除术nephrostomy肾造口术nephrolithotomy肾石切除术orchiectomy睾丸切除术prostatectomy前列腺切除术renal biopsy肾活检renal transplantation肾移植urethra-lithotomy输尿管结石切除urethroplasty 尿道成形术vasoligation 输精管结扎术Neurosurgery 神经外科decompression 减压术excision of brain tumor 脑瘤切除术exploratory craniotomy开颅探查术lobectomy (脑)叶切除术removed of intracranial hematoma 颅内血肿清除术repair of dura defect 硬脑膜缺损修补术Dentistry 牙科dental prosthetics 镶牙filling 牙填充orthodontic treatment 牙矫正术periodontal treatment 牙周治疗tooth extraction 拔牙Gynecology & Obstetrics 妇产科amniocentesis 羊膜穿刺术cervicectomy 子宫颈切除术cesarean section 剖宫产术剖腹产culdocentesis 后穹隆穿刺术dilatation of the cervix 宫颈扩张术excision of Bartholin cyst 巴氏腺囊肿切除术hysterectomy 子宫切除术induction of labor 引产术ovarian cystectomy 助产术oophorectomy 卵巢切除术salpingectomy 输卵管切除术sterilization 绝育术uterine curetlage 刮宫术vulvectomy 外阴切除术Ophthalmology & Otorhinolaryngology 五官科aspiration of cataract 白内障吸出术closed reduction of nasal bone 鼻骨闭合复位corneal grafting 角膜移植enucleation of eyeball 眼球摘除术excision of turbinates 鼻甲切除术extraction of intra-ocular foreign body 眼内异物摘除laryngectomy and laryngostomy 喉切除术和喉造口术lens extraction 晶体摘除mastoidectomy 乳突切开术myringotomy 鼓膜切开术myringoplasty 鼓膜成形术nasal polypectomy 鼻息肉切除术septoplasty (鼻)中隔成形术sinusotomy 鼻窦切开术submuscous resection of nasal septum 鼻中隔粘膜下切除术tonsillectomy 扁桃体切除术tympanoplasty 鼓室成形术6.常用药物名称Antibiotics 抗生素albomycin 白霉素ampicillin 氨苄青霉素berberine 黄连素carbenicillin 羧苄青霉素cephaloridine 先锋霉素IIcephtlothin 先锋霉素Ichloromycetin 氯霉素erythromycin 红霉素furbenicillin 呋苄青霉素gentamycin 庆大霉素griseofulvin 灰黄霉素kanamycin 卡那霉素meecamycin, medemycin 麦迪加霉素,麦迪霉素neomycin 新霉素penicillin G 青霉素Gpolymyxin B 多粘菌素Bstreptomycin 链霉素terramycin 合霉素terramycin 土霉素Sulfonamides and Furane Derivatives 磺胺类及呋喃类药furacilin 呋喃西林furazolicone 呋喃唑酮,痢特灵sulfacetamide (SA) 磺胺醋酰sulfaciazine (SD) 磺胺嘧啶sulfadimidine (SM2) 磺胺二甲嘧啶sulfamethoxazole 新诺明,磺胺甲噁唑trimethoprim (TMP) 增效磺胺Sedatives and Tranquilizers 镇静、安定药chlordiazepoxide, librium 利眠宁chlorpromazine, wintermine 氯丙嗪,冬眠药diazepam, valium 地西泮,安定fluphenazine 氟奋乃静meprobamate, miltown 甲丙氨酯,眠尔通oryzanol 谷维素pentobarbital 戊巴比妥perphenazine 奋乃静phenobarbital, luminal 本巴比妥,鲁米那Analgesics 镇痛药codeine phosphate 磷酸可待因dolantin, pethidine 度冷丁,哌替啶opium tincture 阿片酊pentazocine 镇痛新Analgesics 解热镇痛药analgin 安乃近aspirin 阿司匹林aspirin compound tablet (APC) 复方阿司匹林butazolidin, butazone 保泰松chlofenamic acid 抗风湿灵,氯灭酸indomethacin, indacin 吲哆美辛,消炎痛ibuprofen 布洛芬paracetamol 对乙酰氨基酚,扑热息痛phenacetin 非那西丁somedon 索密痛Atitussives and Bronchial Spasm Relaxants 镇咳、解痉药aerosol isoprenaline异丙肾上腺素气雾剂aminophylline 氨茶碱carbetapentane, toclase 咳必清brown mixture棕色合剂,复方干草合剂chloperastine 咳平ephedrine 麻黄素isoprenaline 异丙肾上腺素salbutamol 舒喘灵Drags for Digestive Diseases 消化系统疾病用药yeast 酵母片Lactasin, biofermin 乳酶生pancreatin 胰酶pepsin 胃蛋白酶atropine 阿托品belladonna extract 颠茄浸膏benactyzine 胃复康probanthine 普鲁苯辛sodium bicarbonate 小苏打vitamin U 维生素Uranitidine 雷尼替丁liquid paraffin 液体石蜡magnesium sulfate 硫酸镁dehydrocholic acid 去氢胆酸glucurone 肝泰乐glutamic acid 谷氨酸sodium taurocholate 胆酸钠Drugs for Cardiovascular Diseases 心血管疾病用药lidocaine 利多卡因mexiletine 美西律oxprenolol 氧烯洛尔,心得平procainamid hydrochloride 盐酸普鲁卡因胺propranolol dinitrate 普萘洛尔,心得安persantin 双咪哌胺醇,潘生丁quinidine 奎尼丁verapamil 异博定nitroglycerine 硝酸甘油nifedipine 硝苯地平,心痛定isosorbide dinitrate 硝酸异山梨酯,消心痛digoxin 地高辛digitoxin 洋地黄毒甙cedilanid 西地兰Antihypertensive Drugs 抗高血压药atenolol 氨酰心安captopril 开博通,卡托普利furazosin 派唑嗪methyl dopa 甲基多巴nimodipine tablet尼莫地平片reserpine 利血平sodium nitroprusside 硝普钠vertical 降压灵dibazol 地巴唑Antituberculosis Drugs 抗结核药ethambutol 乙胺丁醇isoniazid 异烟肼para-aminosalicylic acid (PAS) 对氨基水杨酸pyrazinamide 吡嗪酰胺rifampin利福平Antifungal and Antiviral Agents 抗真菌及抗病毒药amphotericin 二性霉素clotrimazole 克霉唑flagyl 灭滴灵,甲硝唑ketoconazole 酮康唑nystatin 制霉菌素amantadine 金刚烷胺,金刚胺moroxydine(ABOB) 病毒灵,吗啉胍Antianemic Agents 抗贫血药calcium leucovorin 甲酰四氢叶酸钙,甲叶钙cobalt chloride 氯化钴ferric ammonium citrate 枸橼酸铁胺,柠檬酸铁胺ferrous sulfate 硫酸亚铁,硫酸低铁folic acid 叶酸iron dextran 右旋糖酐铁lliver extract 肝精vitamin B12 维生素B12Anti-allergic Agents 抗过敏药calcium gluconate 葡萄糖酸钙chlorpheniramine 扑尔敏diphenhydramine, benadryl 苯海拉明,苯那君histaglobulin 组织胺球蛋白promethazine, phenergan 异丙嗪,非那根Anthelminthics 驱肠虫药areca 槟榔levamisole 左旋咪唑,驱钩蛔piperazine citrate 驱蛔灵Vitamins 维生素compound rutin 复方芦丁calcium pantothenate 泛酸钙nicotinamide(NAA) 烟酰胺nicotinic acid(NA) 烟酸pyritinol hydrochloricde 脑复新vitamin A 维生素Avitamin B1 维生素B1vitamin B2, riboflavin维生素B2,核黄素vitamin B6, pyridoxine 维生素B6,吡哆醇vitamin B compound 复合维生素Bvitamin C, ascorbic acid 维生素C,抗坏血酸vitamin D2, calciferol 维生素D2,骨化醇vitamin D3, cholecalciferol 维生素D3,胆维丁vitamin E, tocopherol 维生素E,生育酚Hormones 激素corticotrophin (ACTH) 促肾上腺皮质激素cortisone 可的松desoxycorticosterone (DOCA) 去氧皮质酮dexamethasone 地塞米松fluocinolone acetonide 肤轻松hydrocortisone氢化可的松prednisolone强的松龙,去氢氢化可的松prednisone 强的松,去氢可的松chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) 绒毛膜促性腺激素,绒膜激素clomiphene 克罗米芬estradiol benzoate 苯甲酸雌二醇medroxyprogesterone acetate, provera 安宫黄体酮megestrol 甲地孕酮methyltestosterone 甲基睾丸素progesterone 黄体酮stillboestrol 乙烯雌酚testosterone propionate 丙酸睾丸素Cancer Chemotherapeutic Drugs and Drugs on the Immune System 肿瘤化疗制剂及免疫系统用药Adriamycin 阿霉素azathioprine(AZP) 硫唑嘌呤cyclophosphamide(CTX) 环磷酰氮芥cyclosporine A 环孢霉素A,环孢灵cytarabine 阿糖胞苷dactinomycin 放线菌素D,更生霉素fluorouracil 氟尿嘧啶hydrocortisone 氢化可的松,氢可的松interferon 干扰素levamisole 左旋四咪唑,左咪唑methotrexate 甲氨蝶呤thiotepa 塞替哌thymosin 胸腺素vincristine(VCR) 长春新碱Agents Used for Metabolic Diseases 治疗代谢性疾病用药insulin 胰岛素Lugol’s solution 卢戈尔液glibenclamide 格列本脲,优降糖propylthiouracil 丙基硫氧嘧啶phenformin 苯乙双胍,降糖灵tapazole 甲巯咪唑,他巴唑thyroid 甲状腺,甲状腺剂tolbutamide 甲磺丁脲,甲糖宁protamine zinc insulin (PZI) 精蛋白锌胰岛素(长效)Fluids for Infusion 静脉输液concentrated sodium chloride injection 浓氯化钠注射液5% glucose in normal saline (GNS) 5%葡萄糖盐水5% glucose solution (GS) 5%葡萄糖溶液Normal saline(NS) 生理盐水10% potassium chloride 10%氯化钾Ringer’s solution 林格溶液,复方氯化钠溶液5% sodium bicarbonate 5%碳酸氢钠28.75% sodium glutamate 28.75%谷氨酸钠11.2% sodium lactate 11.2%乳酸钠Biological Products 生物制品aprotinin 抑肽酶bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine 卡介苗cytochrome C 细胞色素Cdiphtheria antitoxin (DAT) 白喉抗毒素Gamma globulin 丙种球蛋白Hyaluronidase 透明质酸酶lysozyme 溶菌酶pancreatin 胰酶streptokinase(SK) 溶栓酶,链激酶tetanus antitoxin 破伤风抗霉素urokinase 尿激酶Eye and ENT Drugs 眼、耳、鼻、喉用药atropine 阿托品borax 硼沙chloramphenicol eye drops 氯霉素滴眼液cortisone acetate eye drops 醋酸可的松滴眼液homatropine 后马托品sodium sulfacetamide 磺胺醋酰钠boric acid alcohol 硼酸酒精chloramphenicol glycerin 氯霉素甘油滴耳液ephedrine nose drops 麻黄素滴鼻液furacilin solution 呋喃西林溶液neomycin solution 新霉素溶液Drugs for External Use 外用药ammonia solution 氨溶液bromo-geramine 苯扎溴铵,新洁尔灭hibitane 氯已定,洗必泰mercurochrome 红汞phenol 酚potassium permanganate(PP) 高锰酸钾silver nitrate 硝酸银turpentine oil 松节油hydrogen peroxide 双氧水gentian violet 甲紫,紫药水Anesthetics 麻醉药ether 乙醚ethyl chloride 氯乙烷procaine 普鲁卡因sodium pentothal 硫喷妥钠lidocaine 利多卡因fluothane 氟烷7.常用护理术语Nursing processes 护理过程assessment 估计nursing diagnosis 护理诊断planning 计划intervention (implementation, management) 措施(实施、管理)evaluation 评价Daily care of the patient 对病人的日常护理morning (evening) care, AM (HS) care 晨(晚)间护理bedmaking 整理床铺oral hygiene (mouth care) 口腔卫生brushing the teeth 刷牙flossing the teeth 清牙垢denture care 清洗假牙bathing 洗澡cleanliness and skin care 清洁与皮肤护理perineal care 洗会阴hair 梳头shaving 刮脸Care of nails and feet 指甲修剪和洗脚changing hospital gowns 更换住院服装massage 按摩bedsore care 褥疮护理Measurement of vital signs 测量生命体征taking oral (rectal, axillary) temperature量口腔(直肠、腋下)体温taking a radial pulse 测量桡动脉脉搏counting respirations 计呼吸次数measuring (taking) blood pressure 量血压Catheterization 导管插入术cardiac catheterization 心导管插入术laryngeal catheterization喉插管术retro-urethral catheterization 逆行导尿管插入术urethral catheterization 尿道导管插入术Clean techniques, medical asepsis 消毒灭菌asepsis 无菌(法)integral asepsis 完全无菌disinfection 消毒concomitant (concurrent) disinfection 随时消毒,即时消毒steam disinfection 蒸汽消毒terminal disinfection 终末消毒disinfection by ultraviolet light 紫外线消毒Sterilization 灭菌,消毒chemical sterilization 化学灭菌法fractional sterilization 间歇灭菌法intermittent sterilization 间歇灭菌法mechanical sterilization 器械灭菌法Decompression 减压(术)oardiac decompression 心减压术cerebral decompression 脑减压术orbital decompression 眼眶减压术decompression of decompression 心包减压术gastro-intestinal decompression 胃肠减压术decompression of rectum 直肠减压术decompression of spinal cord 脊髓减压术Dialysis透析peritoneal dialysis腹膜透析hemodialysis 血液透析Drainage 引流、导液aspiration (suction) drainage 吸引导液(引流)closed drainage 关闭引流法negative pressure drainage 负压吸引法open drainage 开放引流法postural drainage 体位引流法vaginal drainage 阴道引流法vesicocelomic drainage 膀胱腹腔引流Drainage 灌肠barium enema钡灌肠blind enema肛管排气法contrast enema对比灌肠glycerin enema甘油灌肠high (low) enema 高(低)位灌肠magnesium sulfate enema 硫酸镁灌肠retention (non-retention) enema 保留(无保留)灌肠soapsuds enema 肥皂水灌肠turpentine enema 松节油灌肠Feeding 饲,喂养Forced (forcible) feeding 强制喂养intubtaion (tube) feeding 管饲法nasal feeding 鼻饲法rectal feeding 直肠营养法Heat and clod applications 冷、热敷applying hot compresses 热敷applying hot soaks 湿热敷assisting the patient to take a sitz bath 帮病人坐浴applying hot water bottles 用热水瓶applying an ice bag (collar0 用冰袋applying cold compresses 冷敷giving a cold (an alcohol) sponge bath 冷水(酒精)擦浴Infusion 输入,注入glucose infusion 葡萄糖液输注glucose-saline infusion 葡萄糖-盐水输注saline infusion 盐水输注Injection 注射endermic (intracutaneous) injection 皮内注射hypertonic saline injection 高渗盐水注射hypodermic injection 皮下注射intramuscular injection 肌内注射intraocular injection 眼球注射intrapleural injection 胸膜腔注射intrauterine injection 子宫内注射nasal injection 鼻内注射peritoneal injection 腹膜腔注射rectal injection 直肠注射subconjunctival injection 结膜下注射urethral injection 尿道注射vaginal injection 阴道注射Irrigation 冲洗vaginal irrigation 阴道冲洗bladder irrigation 膀胱冲洗continuous irrigation 连续冲洗法mediate irrigation 间接冲洗法Isolation 隔离、分离strict isolation 严密隔离contact isolation 接触隔离respiratory isolation 呼吸隔离drainage (secretion) precautions 引流预防措施enteric precautions 肠道预防措施blood (body fluid) precautions 血液(体液)预防措施protective isolation 保护性隔离Lavage 灌洗blood (systemic) lavage 血液毒素清洗法ether lavage (腹腔内)乙醚洗法gastric lavage 洗胃intestinal lavage 洗肠peritoneal lavage 腹膜腔灌洗pleural lavage 胸膜腔灌洗Medication 药疗,投药,给药endermic medication 皮内透药法hypodermatic medication 皮下投药法intramuscular medication 肌肉投药法ionic medication 离子透药疗法nasal medication 鼻内投药法oral medication 口服法rectal medication 直肠投药法sublingual medication 舌下投药法transduodenal medication 十二指肠内投药法vaginal medication 阴道投药法Suctioning 吸气引液upper airway suctioning 上呼吸道抽吸法nasogastric suctioning 鼻胃抽吸wound suctioning 伤口吸引Transfusion 输血arterial transfusion 动脉输血blood transfusion 输血direct (immediate ) transfusion 直接输血drip transfusion 滴注输(血)液indirect transfusion 间接输血plasma transfusion 输血浆serum transfusion 输血清venous transfusion 静脉输血,静脉输液Diet nursing 伙食护理absolute diet (fasting) 禁食balanced diet 均衡伙食convalescent diet 恢复期饮食diabetic diet 糖尿病饮食eucaloric diet 适当热量饮食fat-free diet 无脂饮食salt-free diet 无盐饮食fever diet 热病饮食full diet 全食,普通饮食half diet 半食high caloric diet 高热量饮食high-carbohydrate diet 高糖类饮食high-protein (protein rich) diet 高蛋白饮食invalid diet 病弱者饮食light diet 易消化饮食liquid diet 流质饮食high fat diet 高脂饮食low fat diet 低脂饮食low caloric diet 低热量饮食low-protein diet 低蛋白饮食low-residue diet 低渣饮食nourishing diet 滋补饮食obesity diet 肥胖病饮食prenatal diet 孕期饮食regimen diet 规定食谱smooth (soft) diet 细软饮食Preparing the patient for the surgery 为病人手术前做准备shaving the patient’s skin (skin prep) 备皮anesthesia 麻醉Postoperative care 手术后护理coughing and deep-breathing exercises 咳嗽呼吸练习applying elastic stockings 穿弹性袜applying elastic bandages 用弹性绷带Emergency care (first aid) 急救护理cardiopulmonary resuscitation 心肺循环复苏术mouth-to-mouth(mouth-to-nose,mouth-to-stoma) resuscitation 口对口(口对鼻,口对颈部小口)循环复苏术emergency care for fainting (shock, stroke) victims昏厥(休克、中风)患者急救emergency care used to control hemorrhage 止血急救emergency care given to help a patient who is vomiting呕吐患者急救emergency care for a patient during a seizure 癫痫发作急救hospice care 临终护理postmortem care 死后护理8.常用临床医学术语diseases 疾病acute diseases 急性病advanced diseases 病沉重期,晚期疾病chronic diseases慢性病communicable diseases 传染病complicating diseases 并发病congenital diseases 先天性疾病acquired diseases 后天性疾病contagious diseases接触性传染病endemic diseases 地方病epidemic diseases 流行病functional diseases 机能病、官能病infectious diseases 传染病。
医学检验英语医学检验英语是指医学检验过程中所使用的相关英语术语和专业词汇。
医学检验是医学诊断的重要组成部分,其结果直接关系到疾病诊断和治疗的效果。
以下是医学检验英语相关术语和词汇:1. Checkup: 健康检查2. Blood test: 血液检验3. Urine test: 尿液检验4. Stool test: 大便检验5. X-ray: X射线6. MRI: 核磁共振成像7. CT scan: 计算机断层扫描8. Laboratory: 实验室9. Pathology: 病理学10. Microbiology: 微生物学11. Hematology: 血液学12. Chemistry: 化学13. Immunology: 免疫学14. Serology: 血清学15. Blood culture: 血培养16. Tissue culture: 组织培养17. Specimen: 样本18. Swab: 拭子19. Centrifuge: 离心机20. Analyzer: 分析仪21. Result: 结果22. Reference range: 参考范围23. Abnormal: 异常的24. Positive: 阳性的25. Negative: 阴性的26. Dilution: 稀释27. Hemolysis: 红细胞溶解28. Coagulation: 凝固29. Precipitation: 沉淀30. Chromatography: 色谱法以上是医学检验英语相关的术语和词汇。
在医学检验过程中,了解和运用这些英语术语和专业词汇,可以更准确地描述检验结果,提高疾病诊断和治疗的准确性和效果。
Ⅱ前缀Post- 后postpartum 产后De- 去dehydration 脱水Hyper- 高hyperuricemia 高尿酸血症Pre—前premature 发生在适当时间之前的Myo—肌myoglolinemia 肌红蛋白血症Tetra—四tetrachloride 四氯化Re—重复Replicate 复制Poly—多Polymerase 聚合酶Deoxy—脱氧Deoxyribonucleotide 脱氧核糖核苷酸Trans—转移Transferase 转移酶di—二Phosphodiester 磷酸二酯Pro- 原proinsulin 胰岛素原Tachy—快Tachycardia 心动过速Lipo—脂Lipophilic 亲脂的Hydro- 水Hydrophilic 亲水的Entero- 肠Enterohepatic 肠肝的Ar—非,失常Arrhythmogenic 致心律失常的bi- 二Bigeminy 二联律Dis—缺乏Disorientation 定向力缺乏Auto- 自动automaticity 自律性Extra- 外extracellular 细胞外的Non- 非nontraumatic 非创伤性的Epi—上epigastrium 上腹部的Peri- 周围periumbilical 脐周Para—旁paracolic 结肠旁Hemat- 血hematemesis 呕血Intra- 内intramural 壁内的Ipsi- 同ipsilateral 同侧的Oro- 口oropharynx 口咽部Hepato- 肝hepatosplenomegaly 肝脾肿大Dys- 困难dyspneic 呼吸困难的Brady—过缓bradycardia 心动过缓Naso—鼻nasopharygeal 鼻咽的Encephalo—脑Encephalomenigitis 脑膜脑炎Myo—肌myocarditis 心肌炎Gastro- 胃gastroenteritis 胃肠炎Ovi- 卵oviduct 输卵管Endo—内endometrium 子宫内膜Radio- 放射radioimmunoassay 放射免疫测定Nulli—未nullipara 未产妇a- 无、非amenorrhea 闭经-ectomy 切除术hysterectomy 子宫切除术Bronchi—支气管bronchiectasis 支气管扩张Neo- 新neoplasm 新生物Lympho—淋巴lymphoma 淋巴瘤Tetra—四tetracycline 四环素Hypo- 低hypogammaglobulinaemia 低γ—球蛋白血症Micro—微microangiopathy 微血管病变Retino- 视网膜retinopathy 视网膜病变后缀—megaly 肿大hepatosplenomegaly 肝脾肿大-centesis 穿刺术thoracentesis 胸腔穿刺术—emia 血症hyperuricemia 高尿酸血症-itis 炎症pancreatitis 胰腺炎-ase 酶Transferase 转移酶-lysis 分解proteolysis 蛋白分解-philic 亲Lipophilic 亲脂的-genic 致arrhythmogenic 致心律失常的-rrhea 溢galactorrhea 溢乳—stasis 稳定homeostasis 体内环境稳定-scopy 镜检查laparoscopy 腹腔镜检查—otomy 切开术colpotomy 阴道穹隆切开术—pathy 病变retinopathy 视网膜病变—ist 者、专家ophthalmologist 眼科医师解剖: 解剖学术语前缀含义举例a-an—不,不是,非,没有,少azygos: 不成对的部分,无对偶的部分,单一器an tibacterial:抗生素ante—在…之前,…前的antecubital: 肋前的anti- 反抗,治疗的anti bacterial:抗生素circum—环,周围circum ferential fibers: 环型纤维contra—反抗,逆对contra lateral: 对侧的ec—出,偏离ec ctopic: 异位的endo- 内部的,内在的endoscope: 内窥镜epi—在上,向epi dural:硬膜的ex—出,从,来的ex cise: 切除extra-天,…外的extradural: 硬膜外的hyper- 过好的,超出平常的hyperlordosis: 过度前凸ermal (pertaining to upon the skin)hypo- 不足的,在…下的hypokyphosis:后凸平足,平背畸形infra—在…下infra laminar:椎板下节inter—在…之间intercostal:肋间intra- 在…之内intradural:硬膜下ipsi- 相同的ipsi lateral: 同侧的mal—病态的,平启的mal union:骨接合不正medi—中间的medi al: 中间的para- 不正常的,延…的,附近的para esthesia(or paresthesia):感觉异常peri—围绕,附近的peri neural: 神经外膜post—之后,在…后post operative:术后的pre—之前,在…前preoperative:术前准备pseudo—假的pseudoarthrosis(or pseudarthr—osis):假关节retro- 向后,回复retro peritoneal: 腹膜后的semi—半semi lunar: 半月型的sub—之下,在…之下subcutaneous:皮下的supra- 之上supralaminar: 椎板上syn- 共,合syn ostosis:骨连接trans—穿过trans peritoneal: 经腹膜常用后缀-algia 疼痛arthralgia: 关节痛-clasis 断,折断osteoclasis: 骨破折-desis 固定(关节或骨头) arthrodesis: 关节固定术关节融合术-ectomy 切除laminectomy: 椎板切除术—emia 血anemia: 贫血—genesis 形成,起源osteogensis: 骨发生-itis 炎症arthitis: 关节炎—lysis 分解,松解osteolysis:骨吸收,骨质溶解-malacia 软化chrondromalacia:轻骨软化—oid 类似osteoid: 骨样的—oma 肿瘤sarcoma: 肉瘤-otomy 切,截osteotomy:截骨术-paresis 半,部分麻痹hemiparesis:半身麻痹-path(y)病neuropathy: 神经病肥大—penia 不止,减少osteopenia: 骨质减少-plasia 生长,形成hyperplasia:增生,过度增生—plasty 手术修复cranioplasty:颅骨成形术-scope 检查设备thoracocscope: 胸腔镜-scopy 用设备检查thoracoscopy: 胸腔镜检查—stenosis 狭窄的spinal stenosis:椎管狭窄-tome 切割器械ostetome: 骨力—tomy 切,截osteotomy: 截骨术—trophy 食物,营养hypetrophy: 过度生长常用的前缀第一节表示无,抗,非的前缀一.a-,an-无,非。
这里汇聚了中西医学行业的大部分英语词汇和详细解说,如果要查询相关词汇,你可以点此word文档工具栏的“编辑",找到“查找",然后点开输入你要查询的词汇就可以查询了。
西医篇:1、医院部门及科室名称2、医务人员名称3、诊断和治疗常用词汇4、常见疾病名称5、常见手术名称6、常用药物名称7、常用护理术语8、常用临床医学术语9、医疗器材10、医学英语快速记忆-后缀11、主要人体系统名称12、医院类型名称13、医学词汇14、医学常用字首与字根1。
医院部门及科室名称out—patient department 门诊部In-patient department 住院部Nursing department 护理部Admission office 住院处Discharge office 出院处Registration office 挂号处Reception room,waiting room 侯诊室Consultation room 诊察室Isolation room 隔离室Delivery room 分娩室Emergency room 急诊室Ward 病房室Department of internal medicine 内科Department of surgery 外科Department of pediatrics 儿科Department of obstetrics and gynecology 妇科Department of neurology 神经科Department of ophtalmology 眼科E。
N.T。
department 耳鼻喉科Department of stomatology 口腔科Department of urology 泌尿科Department of orthopedic 骨科Department of traumatology 创伤科Department of endocrinology 内分泌科Department of anesthesiology 麻醉科Department of dermatology 皮肤科Department of infectious diseases 传染病科Department of pathology 病理科Department of psychiatry 精神科Department of orthopacdic surgery 矫形外科Department of cardiac surgery 心脏外科Department of cerebral surgery 脑外科Department of thoracic surgery 胸外科Pharmacy dispensary 药房Nutrition department 营养部Diet-preparation department 配膳室Therapeutic department 治疗室Operating room/Theater 手术室Blood-bank 血站Supply—room 供应室Disinfection-room 消毒室Dressing room 换药室Mortuary 太平间Record room 病案室Department of plastic surgery 矫形外科Department of physiotherapy 理疗科electrotherapy room 电疗科heliotherapy room 光疗科wax—therapy room 蜡疗科hydrotherapy room 水疗科central laboratory 中心实验室clinical laboratory 临床实验室bacteriological laboratory 细菌实验室biochemical laboratory 生化实验室serological laboratory 血清实验室X-ray room X光室doctor's office 医生办公室nurse's office 护士办公室2。
【医学英语口语】医学专业常用术语的英文翻译发烧 Fever高烧 High Fever发冷 Chillsz发汗 Sweats盗汗 Night Sweats倦怠 Tireness lassitude失眠 Insomnia ,agrypnia,hyposomnia,wakefulness肩头发硬 Stiffness in Shoulder打喷嚏 Sneeze打嗝 Hiccup痒 Itch腰(背)疼 Low Back Pain头疼 Headache痛 Pain (Ache)急性疼痛 Acute Pain激痛,重度痛 Severe Pain钝痛 dull Pain压痛 Pressing Pain,tenderness刺痛 Sharp Pain,pricking pain;twinge戳痛 Piercing Pain一跳一跳地痛,搏动痛,跳痛,搏动性痛 Throbbing Pain 针扎似的痛 Prickling Pain烧痛灼痛Burning Pain裂痛 Tearing Pain持续痛 Continuous Pain不舒服 Uncomfortable绞痛 Colic放射痛 Rediating Pain溃烂痛 Sore Pain痉挛痛 Crampy Pain顽痛 Persistent Pain轻痛 Slight Pain血尿 Bloody Urine脓尿 Pyuria粘液便 Mucous Stool粘土样便 Clay-Colored Stool验血 Blood Analysis红血球 Red Cell白血球 White Cell呼吸数 Respiration Rate呼气 Expiration吸气 Inspiration呼吸困难 Difficulty in Breathing不规则脉搏 Irregular Pulse慢脉,心动过缓,心搏徐缓 Bradycardia快脉,心动过缓,心搏徐缓:time: :time: :time: Rapid Pulse 尿浑浊 Cloudy Urine蛋白尿 Albuminuria糖尿 Glucosuria瘦 thin, Skinny肥 Fat原文来自必克英语/topic-4375.html。
临床医学专业英语术语专业简介: 临床医学主要研究基础医学、临床医学、全科医学、疾病诊疗等方面的基本知识和技能,在城乡、农村的社区卫生服务中心等基层医疗卫生机构进行疾病临床诊断与治疗等。
例如:感冒、发烧、外伤等基本疾病的诊断与治疗,传染病和流行性疾病的预防控制,心梗、血栓等危急重症的急救等。
开设课程: 药理学、诊断学、内科学、外科学、妇产科学、儿科学、预防医学、全科医学等。
一、人体解剖学人体解剖学(Human Anatomy)是研究人体结构和形态的基础医学学科,主要包括总体解剖学、局部解剖学、组织胚胎学、神经解剖学、功能解剖学等分支。
人体解剖学是医学生必修的基础课程之一,也是临床医学的重要基础。
以下是人体解剖学所涉及的部分术语:术语术语术语术语术语细胞 (Cell)组织 (Tissue)器官 (Organ)系统 (System)部位 (Region)骨骼 (Skeleton)骨 (Bone)关节 (Joint)韧带 (Ligament)软骨 (Cartilage)肌肉 (Muscle)肌纤维 (Muscle Fiber)肌腱 (Tendon)筋膜 (Fascia)肌肉收缩 (Muscle Contraction)血管 (Vessel)动脉 (Artery)静脉 (Vein)毛细血管(Capillary)淋巴管 (LymphaticVessel)心脏 (Heart)心房 (Atrium)心室 (Ventricle)心瓣膜 (HeartValve)心律失常(Arrhythmia)呼吸系统 (Respiratory System)鼻腔 (Nasal Cavity)咽喉 (Pharynx andLarynx)气管 (Trachea)支气管 (Bronchus)肺 (Lung)肺叶 (Lobe of Lung)肺泡 (Alveolus)胸腔 (ThoracicCavity)胸膜 (Pleura)消化系统 (Digestive System)口腔 (Oral Cavity)牙齿 (Tooth)咀嚼肌(MasticatoryMuscle)唾液腺 (SalivaryGland)食管 (Esophagus)胃 (Stomach)小肠 (Small Intestine)大肠 (LargeIntestine)肝脏 (Liver)胆囊和胆管系统(Gallbladder and Biliary System)胰腺(Pancreas)腹腔(AbdominalCavity)腹膜(Peritoneum)脾(Spleen)泌尿系统(UrinarySystem)肾(Kidney)输尿管(Ureter)膀胱(Bladder)尿道(Urethra)生殖系统(Reproductive System)性别染色体(SexChromosome)性腺(Gonad)性激素(SexHormone)性征(SexualCharacteristic)阴茎(Penis)阴囊(Scrotum)睾丸(Testis)附睾(Epididymis)输精管(Vas Deferens)前列腺(Prostate)尿道球腺(Bulbourethral Gland)精囊(SeminalVesicle)精液(Semen)勃起(Erection)阴道(Vagina)子宫(Uterus)卵巢(Ovary)输卵管(FallopianTube)卵子(Ovum)月经(Menstruation)排卵(Ovulation)受精(Fertilization)着床(Implantation)胎盘(Placenta)内分泌系统(Endocrine System)激素(Hormone)反馈机制(FeedbackMechanism)垂体(PituitaryGland)松果体(PinealGland)甲状腺(Thyroid Gland)副甲状腺(ParathyroidGland)胰岛(Islet ofLangerhans)肾上腺(AdrenalGland)性腺(Gonad)神经系统(Nervous System)神经元(Neuron)神经胶质细胞(Neuroglia Cell)神经纤维(NerveFiber)神经髓鞘(MyelinSheath)中枢神经系统(Central Nervous System)外周神经系统(Peripheral NervousSystem)自主神经系统(Autonomic NervousSystem)脑(Brain)脊髓(Spinal Cord)大脑皮层(Cerebral Cortex)大脑半球(CerebralHemisphere)脑干(Brainstem)小脑(Cerebellum)脑室(Ventricle)感觉器官(SensoryOrgan)视觉(Vision)听觉(Hearing)嗅觉(Olfaction)味觉(Gustation)触觉(Touch)眼(Eye)耳(Ear)鼻(Nose)舌(Tongue)角膜(Cornea)晶状体(Lens)视网膜(Retina)视神经(OpticNerve)眼肌(Eye Muscle)外耳(External Ear)中耳(Middle Ear)内耳(Inner Ear)鼓膜(TympanicMembrane)前庭(Vestibule)耳蜗(Cochlea)半规管(SemicircularCanal)听小骨(AuditoryOssicle)听神经(AuditoryNerve)平衡感(BalanceSense)二、生理学生理学(Physiology)是研究生命体的功能和活动规律的基础医学学科,主要包括细胞生理学、组织器官生理学、系统生理学、分子生理学、发育生理学、环境生理学等分支。
最新医学术语英语常用缩略词最新医学术语英语常用缩略词导语:现在随着英语的普及,越来越多的专业词汇需要被大家知道、学习,小编给大家介绍了关于医务专业英语词汇,供大家学习。
facer 刮刀,锉face shield 护面罩facial line 面线felicities 设备,工具facing 假牙面,牙面facsimile ①影印本,摹写②仿真factitial 人造的,人工的factor 因素,要素,因子faculty ①能力,官能②学院,专科fadeometer 裉色计faeces 粪便Fahrenheit scale 华氏温标Fahrenheit thermometer 华氏温度计failure 衰竭fair ①博览会,(商品)交易会②相当的,完好的false image 虚像,假象false suture 假缝falsification 伪造,曲解family 家族,家属,科(分类)fan 扇,通风机fan-shaped instruments table 扇形器械台fantascope 幻视器fantasy 幻想Farabeuf’s saw 法腊布夫氏锯,活动叶锯farad 法拉(电容单位)faradic brush 感应电流刷faradic current therapy apparatus 静电治疗机faradimeter 感应电流计faradipuncture 感应电针术faradization 感应电疗法faradization apparatus 感应电疗机far infrared 远红外线far infrared laser 远红外激光器farinometer 面粉谷胶测定器far sight 远视far ultraviolet rays 远紫外线fascia ①筋膜②绷带fasciagram 筋膜造影片fascial grafter 筋膜移植器fascial strip 筋膜带fascial stripper 筋膜剥离器fast chopper 快速斩波器,快速断路器fast direct current amplifier 快直流放大器fastener 持着器,固定器fast film 快速胶片fast neutron generator 快中子发生器fast neutron source 快中子放射源fast screen 短余辉荧光屏fat 脂肪,脂fat determination system 脂肪测量仪fatal 致命的,致死的`fate 命运,结局fatigue indicator 人体疲劳指标器fatigue machine 疲劳试验机FDA(Food and Drug Administration) 美国卫生附食品药品管理局faucet ①水龙头,旋塞②插口faucial catheter 咽导管fax 传真,摹写,电视画面faxcasting 电视广播,传真广播faxNO. 传真器F.D.(1.fluorescent densitometer 2.focal distance) ①荧光密度计②焦距Fe(ferrum) 铁feature ①特点,性能②零件,部件February(abbr. Feb.) 二月fecal vase 粪便瓶feceometer 排粪测量器feces 粪便,渣滓FECG (fetal electrocardiogram) 胎儿心电图federal 联邦的,同盟的fee 手续费,费用,税feed ①喂,馈给②进刀feed-back 反馈,回授feed-back amplifier 反馈放大器feeder 喂食器feed pump 供水泵feed roller 进料滚FEEG(fetal electroencephalogram) 胎儿脑电图feeler ①探针,探测器②触角③厚薄规feeler gauge 千分垫fel 胆汁Felcki’s instrument 费累基氏器(前列腺按摩器)felt 毛毡,毡垫圈female ①女性的②内孔的,有螺纹的③凹陷部分female catheter 女用导尿管female die 阴模female irrigating catheter 妇用冲洗导尿管female metal catheter 女用金属导尿管female screw 螺母,螺帽female thread 阴螺纹,内螺纹female union 管子内接头female urethradilator 女性尿道扩张器female urine bag 女用尿袋femoral catheter 股骨导管femoral myelocavity file 股骨髓腔锉female urine bag 女用尿袋femoral catheter 股骨导管femoral myelocavity file 股骨髓腔锉femur 股骨,股femur driver 股骨头打入器femur extractor 股骨头拔出器fenestrated forceps 孔镊,孔钳fenestrated forceps blade 有孔钳页FEP(fluorinated ethylene propylene) 聚四氟乙稀,特氟隆ferment 酶,酵素fermentation saccharimeter 发酵糖定量器fermentation saccharometer 发酵糖定量器fermentation tube 发酵管fermentor 发酵罐fermium(abbr. Fm) 镄ferro- 低铁化合物,亚铁化合物ferrohemoglobin 血红蛋白ferromagnetic 磁性铁的ferrometer ①血铁测定器②铁磁计ferrule 金属加固环fertility 生育力FES(forced dxpiratory spirogram) 用力呼气呼吸图fetal 胎儿的fetal electrocardiogram(abbr. FE-CG) 胎儿心电图fetal electrocardiograph(abbr.FE-CG) 胎儿心电图机fetal head extractor 胎头取出器fetal heart beat detector 胎儿心搏探测器fetal heart beat transducer 胎儿心搏换能器fetal heart detector 胎儿心脏探测器fetal heart monitor 胎儿心脏监护仪fetal monitor 胎儿监护仪fetal monitoring system 胎儿监护系统fetal monitoring transducer 胎儿监护换能器fetalometry 胎儿测定法fetation 妊娠,受孕fetography 胎儿X射线照像术fetoscope 胎儿镜fetus 胎儿fetus extractor 胎儿取出器fever 发热,热fever thermometer 体温计FGS(fiber gastroscope) 纤维胃镜FHR(fetal heart rate) 胎儿心率fiber 纤维fiberbronchoscope 支气管纤维内窥镜fibercholedochoscope 胆道纤维内窥镜fibercolonoscope 结肠纤维镜fibercystoscope 膀胱纤维镜fiberduodenoscope 十二指肠纤维镜fiberesophagoscope 食管纤维镜fibergastrointestinalscope 胃肠纤维内窥镜fibergastroscope 胃纤维内窥镜fiberintestinalscope 肠纤维内窥镜fiber lamp 纤维导光灯fiber light cystoscope 纤维导光膀胱镜fiber light guide 纤维光导。
Ⅱ前缀Post-后postpartum产后De-去dehydration脱水Hyper-高hyperuricemia高尿酸血症Pre-前premature发生在适当时间之前的Myo-肌myoglolinemia肌红蛋白血症Tetra-四tetrachloride四氯化Re-重复Replicate复制Poly-多Polymerase聚合酶Deoxy-脱氧Deoxyribonucleotide脱氧核糖核苷酸Trans-转移Transferase转移酶di-二Phosphodiester磷酸二酯Pro-原proinsulin胰岛素原Tachy-快Tachycardia心动过速Lipo-脂Lipophilic亲脂的Hydro-水Hydrophilic亲水的Entero-肠Enterohepatic肠肝的Ar-非;失常Arrhythmogenic致心律失常的bi-二Bigeminy二联律Dis-缺乏Disorientation定向力缺乏Auto-自动automaticity自律性Extra-外extracellular细胞外的Non-非nontraumatic非创伤性的Epi-上epigastrium上腹部的Peri-周围periumbilical脐周Para-旁paracolic结肠旁Hemat-血hematemesis呕血Intra-内intramural壁内的Ipsi-同ipsilateral同侧的Oro-口oropharynx口咽部Hepato-肝hepatosplenomegaly肝脾肿大Dys-困难dyspneic呼吸困难的Brady-过缓bradycardia心动过缓Naso-鼻nasopharygeal鼻咽的Encephalo-脑Encephalomenigitis 脑膜脑炎Myo-肌myocarditis心肌炎Gastro-胃gastroenteritis胃肠炎Ovi-卵oviduct输卵管Endo-内endometrium子宫内膜Radio-放射radioimmunoassay放射免疫测定Nulli-未nullipara未产妇a-无、非amenorrhea闭经-ectomy切除术hysterectomy子宫切除术Bronchi-支气管bronchiectasis支气管扩张Neo-新neoplasm新生物Lympho-淋巴lymphoma淋巴瘤Tetra-四tetracycline四环素Hypo-低hypogammaglobulinaemia低γ-球蛋白血症Micro-微microangiopathy微血管病变Retino-视网膜retinopathy视网膜病变后缀-megaly肿大hepatosplenomegaly肝脾肿大-centesis穿刺术thoracentesis胸腔穿刺术-emia血症hyperuricemia高尿酸血症-itis炎症pancreatitis胰腺炎-ase酶Transferase转移酶-lysis分解proteolysis蛋白分解-philic亲Lipophilic 亲脂的-genic致arrhythmogenic致心律失常的-rrhea溢galactorrhea溢乳-stasis稳定homeostasis体内环境稳定-scopy镜检查laparoscopy腹腔镜检查-otomy切开术colpotomy阴道穹隆切开术-pathy病变retinopathy视网膜病变-ist者、专家ophthalmologist眼科医师解剖:解剖学术语前缀含义举例a-an- 不;不是;非;没有;少azygos: 不成对的部分;无对偶的部分;单一器an tibacterial: 抗生素ante- 在…之前;…前的antecubital: 肋前的anti- 反抗;治疗的 anti bacterial: 抗生素circum- 环;周围 circum ferential fibers: 环型纤维contra- 反抗;逆对 contra lateral: 对侧的ec-出;偏离 ec ctopic: 异位的endo- 内部的;内在的 endoscope: 内窥镜epi- 在上;向 epi dural: 硬膜的ex- 出;从;来的 ex cise: 切除extra-天;…外的 extradural: 硬膜外的hyper- 过好的;超出平常的hyperlordosis: 过度前凸ermal pertaining to upon the skinhypo- 不足的;在…下的 hypokyphosis: 后凸平足;平背畸形infra-在…下 infra laminar: 椎板下节inter- 在…之间 intercostal: 肋间intra- 在…之内 intradural: 硬膜下ipsi- 相同的 ipsi lateral: 同侧的mal- 病态的;平启的 mal union: 骨接合不正medi- 中间的 medi al: 中间的para- 不正常的;延…的;附近的para esthesiaor paresthesia: 感觉异常peri- 围绕;附近的 peri neural: 神经外膜post- 之后;在…后 post operative: 术后的pre- 之前;在…前 preoperative:术前准备pseudo- 假的 pseudoarthrosisor pseudarthr-osis: 假关节retro- 向后;回复 retro peritoneal: 腹膜后的semi- 半 semi lunar: 半月型的sub- 之下;在…之下 subcutaneous: 皮下的supra- 之上 supralaminar: 椎板上syn- 共;合 syn ostosis: 骨连接trans- 穿过 trans peritoneal: 经腹膜常用后缀-algia 疼痛 arthralgia: 关节痛-clasis 断;折断 osteoclasis: 骨破折-desis 固定关节或骨头 arthrodesis: 关节固定术关节融合术-ectomy 切除 laminectomy: 椎板切除术-emia 血 anemia: 贫血-genesis 形成;起源 osteogensis: 骨发生-itis 炎症 arthitis: 关节炎-lysis 分解;松解 osteolysis: 骨吸收 ; 骨质溶解-malacia 软化 chrondromalacia: 轻骨软化-oid 类似 osteoid: 骨样的-oma 肿瘤 sarcoma: 肉瘤-otomy 切;截 osteotomy: 截骨术-paresis 半;部分麻痹 hemiparesis: 半身麻痹-pathy 病 neuropathy: 神经病肥大-penia 不止;减少 osteopenia: 骨质减少-plasia 生长;形成 hyperplasia: 增生;过度增生-plasty 手术修复 cranioplasty: 颅骨成形术-scope 检查设备 thoracocscope: 胸腔镜-scopy 用设备检查 thoracoscopy: 胸腔镜检查-stenosis 狭窄的 spinal stenosis: 椎管狭窄-tome 切割器械 ostetome: 骨力-tomy 切;截 osteotomy: 截骨术-trophy 食物;营养 hypetrophy: 过度生长常用的前缀第一节表示无;抗;非的前缀一.a-;an-无;非..无可以进一步理解为离开;除去;脱去等1.无abacteria 无菌的;atony 无力;anemia 贫血无血之意..Abiosis 无生命;abraehia 无臂畸形;adaerya 无泪;asaetylia 无指趾畸形;asendrie 无树突的;adermotrophia 皮肤萎缩即无皮肤营养之意;adiaphoresis 无汗症..2.否定asymmetercal 不对称的;asynergy 不协调;astnthests 不连接;aststole 心搏停止心脏不收缩..Atactic 共济失调的不协调;astnchronous 不同步的;askyllabia 拼音不能..3.离开aspiration 吸引即吸除之意;aberrent 迷走的即离开正常途径的.. 4.An-在元音前用an-Anaerove 厌氧菌;anesthesia 无感觉;麻醉;analgesia 无痛法;痛觉消失;anamniotic 无羊膜的;anangioplasia 血管发育不全;anapepsia 胃蛋白酶缺乏;anaplasia 发育不全;anascitia 无腹水的;anastigmatic 无散光的;anacholia 胆汁缺乏..二.ab-去;离开;除abnormal 不正常的即背离正常的;abapical 离尖的;离心尖的尖以外的;心尖外的..Abarticular 关节外的;abaxial 轴外的;离轴的;abduct 外展神经;ablactation 断奶离开奶..Abneural 神经外的..三.Ant-;anti-;对抗;取消;抑制;解除antagonistic 对抗的;antioxin 搞毒素;antibody 抗体;antigen 抗原;antacid 制酸剂;antipyretie 解热剂;antibiotic 抗菌素;antispasmin 解痉剂;→antiamylase 抗淀粉酶;antieoagulant 抗凝的..四.De-向下;减少;降低;除去;否定;离开;解除;脱去等deacidification 去酸作用;deactivation 灭活性;deacylase 脱酰基酶;dealclholizafion 脱醇作用;deallergize 脱过敏;deamination 脱氨作用;deaquation 脱水作用;deviate 背离;decrease 减少;descend 下降;decimpose 分解;decomprese 减压; deficiencky 不中;不全;缺乏;deceleration 减速度;deformity 畸形;变形非正常形态之意..Degeneration 退行性变;变性即背离正常性质..Decentration 偏心即离开中心;decerebrate 去大deckortication 去皮质;去皮层;defibrillate 除库;deficit 短缺;deflection 偏向;detail 详细de 也有表示完全之意..五.Dis-否定;分开;相反等disability 丧失劳动力;disacidity 去酸;disaggregation 感觉综合不能;disassimilation 异化作用;dislication 脱位;disassociation 分离;discharge 放电;discission 切开;discomfort 不舒适disconnect 分离;不连接;descrimination 辨别含分开之意..Disequilibrium 不平衡..六.Il-;im-;in-;ir-非;无;不1.In-非;无;不Inactite 无活性的;inablity 无能力;inaccurate 不精确的;insolrble 不溶解的;inadequate 不适当的;inadaptable 不适应的;inacidity 无酸;inaction 无作用;inanimate无生命的;incapacity 机能不全;incoagulable 不能凝固的;inalimental 无营养的..2.Im-为in-的变形;在b;p;m;之前用im-Impossible 不可能的;imperforation 无孔;impermeability 非渗透性;imbalance 不平衡;immature 不成熟的;immiscible 不可混合的;immobility 不活动;impalpavle 不可触知的;impotency 阳萎阴茎不能勃起;inpkutre 不纯的..3.Il-为in-之变形;用于1之前Ill-health 健康不佳;ill-effect 不良作用;ill-humor 心境不佳;ill-nourished 营养不良的..4.Ir-为in-之变形;用于1之前Irregular不规则的;irreversible 不可逆的;irreducible 不可还原的;irrespirable 不能呼吸的;irresuscitable 不可复苏的;irrhythmia 心律失常;心律不齐;七.Non-非;无;不non-absorbent 非吸收性的;nonacid 非酸性的;nonallerglic 非变态反应性的;nondevelopment不发育;nonconductor 非导体;nonimmune 非免疫性的;noncongestive 非充血性的;nonmotile 无运动的;noninfective 非传杂性的;非感染性的;nonhemolytic 非溶血性的;nonmetal 非金属的;nonsutgical 非手术的;非外科和;nonspecific 非特异性的;nonviable 不能生活的..八.Un-不;非;无unavoidable 不可避免的;unbalance 不平衡;unknown 未知的;unconsciousness 无意识;uncomfortable 不舒适的;uncompleted 不完全的;uncompemented 未给补体的;undifferentiation 未分化..第二节能表示数量的前缀一; 基数词1;uni- 单一Unilateral 单侧的;unipolar 单极的;uniaural 单耳的;unobsal 单底的;unicentral 单中心的;unicelluar 单细胞的;unidirectional 单向的;unifocal 单灶的;uniocular 单眼的;unipara 初产妇; unit 单位.. 2; bi-、di-、diplo-、amb-、amphi-、ampho、二、双1bibiacuminate有二尖端的;biangulate 有两角的;bicarbonate 重碳酸盐;biauricular 双耳的;biaxial双轴的;bicavity 双腔的;biceps 二头肌;biconvex 双凸的;bivalent 双价的;bivalve 双瓣的..2di-diacetate 双醋酸盐;diacetyldiphenolisatin 双醋酚酊;diacid 二酸;diamide 二酰胺;dihybrid 双因子杂种;dihyudrochlorothiazide 双氢克尿塞;diphosphate 双磷酸盐;diad 二分体; disome 双染色体;disomi 双躯干畸胎..3diplo-diplobacillus 双杆菌;dipliblastic 二胚层的;diplicocus 双球菌;diploid 二倍体;diploneural 双重神经支配的;diplopia 复视;diplostreptococcus 双链球菌..4ambi-;amb-;ambo-二;两侧;复ambilateral 两侧的;ambiopia 复视;ambivalent 矛盾情绪的两方面情绪的;ambiocularity 能同等使用两眼;ambosexual 两性的..5amphi- 二;两侧;两端amphibia 两栖类;amphichroic 两性反应的;amphigenesis 两面三刀性生殖;amphinucleolus 双核仁;amphipeptine 两性胨..6ampho- 意同甘共苦amphiamphochromophil 双染性的;amphotericin 两性霉素;amphiteric 两性的..3.tri- 三triangle 三角;triad 三联征;triacetate 三乙酸盐;triacid 三价酸;triage 伤员拣别分类国外急诊室将伤员进行分类;大批伤员选出;有可能抢救存活的病人;先进行抢救;分出轻重缓急;以便抢救存活更多的病人;此处无三的含义;trialism 三元论;triamine 三胺;teiatomic 三原子的;tribasic 三价碱的;tribromide 三溴化物..4.quadra-;quadri-;tetra-;tetro- 四1quadra-;quadri-quadrant 四分体;象限;quadrate 四方的;quadratus 方肌;quadriceps 四头肌;quadricuspid 四尖的;quadrigeminum 四叠体;quadriplegia 四肢瘫..2tetra-;tetro-tetracycline 四环素;tetrachloride 四氯化物;tetrachlormethane 四氯甲烷;trtralogy 四联症;trtrapeptide 四肽;tetraophthalmus 四眼畸形..5.penta-.;pento- 五Pentacyclic 五环的; pentadactyl 五指趾的;pentacglucose 戊糖;pentanucleotide 五核苷酸;pentazole 五唑;pentobarbital 戊巴比妥..6.hex-;hexa-六Hexachlorophene 六氯酚;hexad 六价元素;hexagonal 六角形;hexahydric 六氢的;hexane 已烷;hexistrol 已雌酚已即六7.hept-;hepta-;sept-;七Heptaldehyde 庚醛庚即七;heptatomic 七价的;hiptaralent- 七价的;heptose 庚糖;septavalent 七价的..8.octa-;octo- 八Octacetate 辛醋酸酯;octoferric 含八个铁的;octose 辛糖;octylene 辛烯..9.nona- 九Nonan 第九日的;nonipara 九产妇第九次生产..10.deca- 十decacurie 十居里同位素量;decagram 十克;decaliter 十升;decameter 十米;decanormal 十当量的溶液浓度单位..二.数量程度1.haplo-;mono 单1haplo-与mono不同;是指单纯的单独的..Haplodermatitis 单纯皮炎;haplolichen 单纯苔藓;haploid 单倍体..Haplomycosis 单孢子囊菌病;haplo-pathy 无合并症的单纯病;haplopia 单视..2mono-monocyte 单核细胞;mononuclear 单核的;mononeuritis 单神经炎;monoacid 单价酸的;monoarticular 单关节的;monogenous 单性生殖的;monocelled- 单细胞的;monoxide 单氧化物;monochromatic 单色的;monophase 单相..2.multi-;pleo-;pluri-;poly- 多1multi-;多;多数multiple 多的;multicapsular 多囊的;multicellular 多细胞的;multicenrtic 多中心的;multifetation 多胎妊娠;multiform 多形的;multilobular 多叶的;multiparous 多胎的;multivalence 多价;multiterminal 多端的; multinodular 多结节的..2pleo- 常指过多;增;多pleocaryocyte 多核细胞;pleochroic 多色的;pleochromocytoma 多色细胞瘤;pleocytosis 细胞增多;pleolysis 最大溶血浓度;pkkeomastia 多乳房;pleomorphic 多形的..3pluri- 多;多数pluriceptor 多簇受体;pluricytopenia 多种细胞减少;pluridyscrinia 多种分泌障碍;pluriglandular 多腺性的;plurigravida 经产的;plurimenorrhea 多次行经;plurinuclear 多核的;pluripara 经产妇;pluripolar 多极的;pluripotential 多能的..4poly- 多;多数polycythemia 红细胞增多症;polycystic 多囊的;polycystoma 多囊病;polychylia 乳糜过多;polyclic 多环的;polyclinic 综合门诊所;综合医院;分科医院;polychtomatophlia 多染性细胞增多;polydeficiency多种维生素缺乏;polydipsia 烦渴;polydontia 多牙..3.Demi-.hemi; semi- 半1demi-demifacet 半面;demilune 半月形的;新月细胞..2hemi- 常指半侧;偏侧hemiplegia 半身不遂;hemiprotein 半蛋白质;hemipylorectomy 幽门部分切除术;hemiscotosis 偏侧盲;hemisection 对切;himispasm 偏侧痉挛;hemisphere 半球;hemisyndrome 偏侧综合征;hemisynergia 偏身协同动作;hemitetany 半身手足搐搦;hemithermoanesthesis 半身热觉缺失;hemitoxin 半毒素..3semi-semiantigen 半抗原;semicanal 半管;semicircular 半环形的;semicoma 半昏迷;轻昏迷;semiconscious 半清醒的;semidecussation 半交叉;scmiflexion 半屈;semilunare 月骨;semimembrane 半渗透膜的;semiplegia 半瘫;semipllar 半极的;semirecumbent 半卧的;semitransparent 半透明的;semicartilagimous 半软骨的..4.holo-;pan-;完全1 holo-全部;完全holoantigen 全抗原;holocephalic 头部完整的;hokodiastolic 全舒张期的;holopathy 全身病;holoplexia 全身瘫;holosteosclerosis 全身骨硬化;holosystolic 全收缩期的;holori\etanus 全身性破伤风;holotonia 全身肌紧张..2 pan- 完全panagglutination 全凝集;panarthritis 全关节炎;panarteritis 全动脉炎;panesthesia 全感觉 ;pancarditis 全心炎;pancytopenia 全血细胞减少;pancytosis 全血细胞增多..5.mero-;topo- 局部1 mero- 常指部分meromicrosomia 部分躯干过小;meropia 部分盲;merorachischisis 部分分脊柱裂;merodialysis 部分分离;meromwrphosis 再生不全..2topo-常指部位toponarcosis 局部麻醉;toponeurosis 局部神经机能病;topoalgia 局部痛;topodysesthesia 局部感觉迟钝;topographic 局部解剖的;topology 局部解剖学..6.giga-;giganto-;mega-megalo-;macro- 大;巨大1giga-;giganto-gigatism 巨人症;gigantoblast 巨大有核红细胞;gigantocyte 巨大红细胞 ;gigantosoma 巨大发育;gigantochronoblast 巨大有核红细胞 .. 2mega-;megalo-megabacteriun 巨大细菌;megabladder 巨大膀胱;megacardia 心肥大;megacaryoblast 成巨核细胞;megacaryocyte 巨核细胞 ;megacecum 巨肓肠;megacephalia 巨头;megacoddus 巨大球菌;megacolon 巨结肠;megasontia 巨芽;megalencephalon 巨脑;megalerythema 巨大红斑;megaloblast 巨成红细胞;megalocardia 心肥大;megalocephalia 巨头;megalodactyly 巨趾指;megao-esophagus 巨食管;megaloglosia 巨舌..3 macro- 除巨大外;还指长macrocephalous 巨头的;macrocheilia 巨唇;macrocheiria 巨手;macrochtromosome 巨染色体;macroclitoris 巨阴蒂;macrococcus 巨型球菌;macrocyst 巨囊;macrocyte 巨红细胞;macrobiosis 长寿;macrocomous 长毛的..7.hyper-;over-;ultra-.过多;超过1hyper- 过多;超过;上高;重;过度等hypertension 高血压病;hypertcardiotrophia 甲状腺功能亢进症;hyperalimentosis 营养过度hyperchloridiotrophia 心肥大;hyperteophy 肥大;hyperearbia 碳酸血症;hyperchloridation 供氯过多;hyperchloride 过氯化物;hypercholia 胆汁过多;hyperchondroplasia 软骨增殖过多;hyperiodemia 高碘血症;hyperlethal 超致死量的;hypermania 重躁狂症;hypernormal 超常的;hyperpelvic 骨盆上的;hyperendemic 高度地方性的;hyperimmunity 超大型免疫;hypertonic 高张的..2over- 过度overaction 作用过度;overactive 活动过度的;over-alimentation 营养过度;overcorrection 矫正过度;overgrowth 生长过度;overhydration 水分过多;overdistension 膨胀过度;overexerition用力过度;overlapping 重叠;overresponse 反应过度..3 supra- 见第三节4super- 见第三节5ultra- 超过ultracentrifugal 超离心的;ultrafilter 超滤器;ultramicron 超微粒;ultrasonic 超声波的;ultraviolet 紫外线;ultrasound 超声.. 8.hypo-;micro-;oligo-;sub- 少;小;不足1hypo- 低;少;减退;不足;次;过少;不全hypoacidity 胃酸过少;酸过少;hypoactivity 活动减低;hypoadrinalemia 血白蛋白减少;hypoalinentation 营养不足;hypobaropthy 低气压病;hypobilirubinemia 低胆红素血症;hypobromite 次溴酸盐hyoi-化学上译为次..Hypocalcification 钙化不全;hyoicalcia 钙不足;hypovolutism发育迟缓;hypoglycemia 低血糖症;hypohidrosis少汗;hyponoia 精神迟钝..hypo- 除上述含意外;有其它含意在此一并讨论:hypocondylar 髁下的;hypoderm 皮下组织;hypoglossus 舌下神经;hypoglottis 舌下部;hypolarunx 喉下部;hypospadias 尿道下裂;hypophrenium 隔下腔;hypotrepia 下斜视;2micro-小;细;微microscope 显微镜;microscopist 显微镜工作者;microsecond 微秒;microsection 显微切片;microslide 显微镜玻片;microsoma 微粒体;microsomtia 矮小身材;microsphere 中心体;microspherocyte 小球形红细胞 ;mictosporangium 小孢子囊..3oligo-少;缺少oligoamnios 羊水过少;oligocardia 心动徐缓心跳次数少;oligoocholia 胆汁过少;oligochromimia 血红蛋白过少;oligocythmia 红细胞减少;oligopnea 呼吸迟缓呼吸次数少;oligosideremia 血铁减少;oligospermia 精子减少;oligosteatosis 皮脂减少;oliguria 少尿..4sub-不全;不足;次;亚;下subacetate 次醋酸盐次用于化学名称;subacidirty 酸不足;subacute 亚急性;subfebrile 微热的;subinvolution 复旧不全;subtotal 次全的;subconciousness 意识的;subdivision 亚门;subgroup 亚组;subfamily 亚科;subiodide 次碘化物;sublethal 亚致死的;subliukemia 亚白血病..Sub- 除上述含意外;还表示位置在下面..Subabdominal 腹下的;subarchinoid 蛛网膜下腔的;subaural 耳下的;subscapular 肩胛下的;subcapduloperiosteal 关节囊骨膜下的;subclavicular 胸骨下的;substratum 下层..常用的后缀后缀在缀合法中只起改变词性的作用;不改变词根的含意;这在第一章内已叙述..现将常用后缀分一般英语后缀及医学英语后缀两部分来说明.. 第一节常用的一般英语后缀一、名词性后缀1.-age为抽象名词后缀;表示行为;状态和全体总称percentage百分数;百分率;voltage电压;伏特数;lavage灌洗;洗;出法;gavage管词法;curettage刮除法;shortage不足;缺少..2.-cy表示抽象名词accuracy 准确;精确度;infancy婴儿期..3.-ence、-ance表示性质和动作difference不同;interference干扰;干预;influence影响;感化;occurrence发出;出现;violence激烈;暴力;existence存在;significance意义;意味..4.-ency、-ancy抽象名词后缀difficiency不足;不全;tendency趋势;趋向;frequency频率;pregnancy 妊娠;emergency紧急;急救;fluency流利;流畅;sufficiency足够;充足;constancy坚定;经久不变..5.-er表示…人、…者diameter直径;receiver接收者;接受者;carrier 携带者;beginner初学者;创始人;reader读者;shutter 快门;goiter甲状腺肿..6.-ics 表示…科学psdiatrics儿科学;psychiatrics精神病学;obstetrics产科学;orthopdics矫形科学;auristrics耳科学;gnathostomatics口腔生理学;andriatrics男性医学;男性科..7.-ian表示人称名词physician医师;内科医师;technician技术员8.-ication 由动词变化而来的抽象名词;常译为…化simpliffcation 简化;calcification钙化;classification分类;分级; communication交流;交往..9.-ing由动词变化而来的动名词nursing护理;typing分型;分类;mapping绘制…图;bleeding出血;vomiting呕吐;softening变软;functioning使器官活动;使器官有功能;positioning 把…放在适当的位置;mathching和…相配;imaging成像..10.-ion 由动词构成的名词occasion偶然原因;近因;时机;division分割;分开;vision视力;视觉;distortion扭曲;变形..11.-ism表示制度;主义及现象等的抽象名词mehanism机理;机制;autism孤独性..12.-ist表示人称名词specialist专家;internist内科医生;padiatrist儿科学家;biololgist 生物学家;economist经济学家;chemist化学家;obstetrist产科学家;产科医师..13.-ization由动词构成的抽象名词recanalization再管化;再通化;chatheterization插管;immunization免疫法;预防接种;organization组织;机构;机化;hospitalization住院;normalization正常化;ketonization酮化作用..14.-logy表示学科morphology形态学;histology组织学;neurology神经学;embryology胚胎学;radiology放射学;laryngorhinology喉鼻科学;proctology直肠学;hexiology个体;生态学..15.-ment表示动作;行为或具体事物measurement 测量;量度;experiment实验;instrument 仪器;器械;integument体被;皮肤;segment节段;fragment片段;断片;碎片;replacement替代;置换;increment增长;增殖;development发育;显影;movement动作;活动;ligment韧带;equipment器材;装置;设备;improvement改善..16.-ness加在形容词后构成抽象名词tenderness触痛;hardness坚硬;thickness厚度;effectiveness有效;usefulness有用的;coldness寒冷;dampness潮湿;darkness 黑暗;shallowness浅;permanentness永久;brightness明亮..17.-or表示…人;…物inhibitor抑制物;doctor医生;monitor监视器;donor给血者;供体;director主任;factor因素; operator操作者;手术者..18.-ry表示集合名词laboratory实验室;chemistry化学..19.-ship表示状态relationship关系;联系;interrelationship 相互关系;相互联系.. 20.-th由形容词构成名词length长度;width宽度;depth深度;truth真理..21.-ty表示性质rigidity强直;僵硬;speciality特征;专业;responsibility责任;责任心;capacity容量;智能;能力;mortality死亡率;morbidity发病率;nocturnality夜间;safty 安全性;conductivty传导性;permeability 渗透性;property性质;plenty丰富;unity整体;统一性;obesity肥胖;similarity类似;相似..22.-ure表示行为结果failure衰竭;pressure 压力;curvature弯曲;fissure裂隙;裂;puncture 穿刺;rupture破裂;structure结构;seizure发作;nomenclature名称;术语..二、形容词性后缀1.-able表示可能的;可以的excitable易兴备的;acceptable易接受的;movable可移动的;alterable 可改变的;可改动的;available可用的;可得到的;uncomfortable不舒的..2.-al表示有…的属性regional 局部的natural自然的;special特别的;特殊的;spinal脊髓的;central 中央的;vertrbral脊柱的;cervical颈的;mural壁的;terminal末端的;typical典型的;digital手指的;数字的;temperal 暂时的;短暂的;capital首要的;重要的;vocal有声的;声带的;several几个;parasternal胸骨旁的..3.-ant有些是从动词派生来的significant在意义的;persistant持久的;坚持的从动词persist来的;resistant抵抗的;反抗的自动词resist派生;important重要的;infant婴儿的;constant坚定的;持久的;pernanent永久的..4.-ar表示…特征的;…形状的regular规则的;muscular肌肉的;circular环形的;圆的;anular环的..5.-ary 表示与…有关的ordinary平常的;通常的;anniversary周年的;voluntary自愿的;随意的..6.-ed 用于名词加ed;转化为形容词;或动词过去分词作形容词.. Coded加密码的名词code 加ed;colored加颜色的;deposited被沉淀的由动词deposite加ed;curved使…弯曲的;limited有限的;lubricated滑润的;使滑润的;surrounded围住的;被围绕的..7.-ent与-ant同类consistent坚定的;different不同的;sufficient足够的;convenient便利的;方便的;evident明显的;fluent流利的;流畅的;efficient有效的;frequent常常的;频繁的..8.-ful由名词构成形容词useful有用的;successful成功的;plentiful丰富的;helpful有帮助的..9.-ible与-able相同..Visible可见的;irreversible 不可逆的;impossible不可能的;inaudible听不见的..10.-ic加在外来词根的名词上;构成形容词specific特异的;magnetic磁性的;aerobic需氧的;pubic耻骨的;oxytocic催产的、催产剂;therapeutic治疗的;dramatic戏剧性的;icteric黄疸的;dynamic动力的;hemolytic溶血的..11.-ish加在颜色的形容词上;表示略带…色reddish带红色的;微红的;yellowish带黄色的;微黄的..12.-ive由动词构成形容词relative有关的;相关的由动词relat派生的;sensitive灵敏的;congestive充血性的;imaginative想象、富有想象力的;imitative摹仿的; repetitive重复的;reproductive生殖的;contractive收缩的;conservative保守的;circulative循环的;effective有效的;invasive侵入性的..13.-less表示没有…的useless无用的;lifeless无生命的;hopeless绝望的、医治不好的;fruitless无效的、无益的..14.-ory表示…性质的;属于…的..sensory感觉的;accessory附属的、附加的;circulatory循环的;urinary 泌尿的;尿的..15.-ous表示具有…的、有…特性的..dangerous有危险的;continuous在连续性的、连续的;serious严重的;various各种的;vigorous强有力的;apueous水的;generous大量的;丰盛的;tremendous可怕的;惊人的;previous以前的;pervious能通过的、能穿过的..三、动词性后缀1.-ate多用于外来词构成动词deviate背离、偏离;decelerate减速;accelerate加速;degenerate变性;operate操作;手术;defibrillate除颤;vibrate振动、颤动;migrate 移动;angulate成角;anticipate预期、期望;abbreviate缩写;antecede 在…之前..2.-en形容词构成动词;表示变、加、使…weaken变弱、变衰弱;soften使…软化;thicken使…变厚;strenghten加强;shorten使…变短;wooden木制的;deepen加深、深化;harden使…变硬;lengthen使…延长;loosen放松、解开;quicken加快、刺激;roughen 变粗糙;lighten减轻;sharpen变尖锐..3.-ize加在形容词或名词上;表示…化neutralize中和;standardize标准化;mineralize矿物质化;repolarize复极化;depolarize去极化;sensitize致敏;metastasize转移..四、副词性后缀1.-ly由形容构成的副词;最为常用;表示……地simaltaneously同时地;concurrently同时地;widely广泛地;excrusively专用地、唯一地;scarcely仅仅、刚刚;immediately立即..2.-wards加在前置词上;构成副词;表示方向backwards向后;upwards向上..常用医学词根医学专业英语词汇往往都比较长;这心然会给广大医务工作者记忆单词带来极大的困难..那么;如何克服困难;从而达到快速记忆的目的呢本章通过列举大量常驻用医学词汇的分解式实例;来充分说词根在快速记忆单词时所起的重要作用..学习才应该熟记它们的拼法和含义;除此之外;再熟练掌握一些常用的前缀和后缀;可以断定;拼写笛长的单词也全变得容易记忆了..一、循环系统Ⅰ.a-一个aneurism动脉瘤一个扩大的动脉状态a + neur + ism∣∣∣一个扩大状态Ⅱ.an-无anoxemia缺氧血症an + ox + emia∣∣∣无氧血症Ⅲ.angei-;angi-;angio- 血管1.angeitis脉管炎; angiochondroma血管软骨瘤angei + itis angio+chondr+oma∣∣︱︱︱血管炎血管软骨瘤angei-中的i被去掉了2.angiectasis血管扩张; angiodermatitis皮血管炎angi + ectasis angio+dermat+itis∣∣︱︱︱血管扩张血管皮炎3.angitis脉管炎 ; angiolipoma血管脂肪瘤ang + itis angio+lip+oma∣∣︱︱︱脉管炎血管脂肪瘤angi-不的I被去掉了4.angioblast成血管细胞 ; angioneuromyoma血管神经肌瘤angio + blast angio+neuro+my+oma∣∣︱︱︱︱血管成…细胞血管神经肌瘤5;angiocardiography心血管造影术 11;angioparalysis血管麻痹病angi + cardio + graphy angio+paraly+sis∣∣∣︱︱︱血管心脏照相术血管麻痹病6.angiocardiopathy心血管病angio+cardio+pathy︱︱︱血管心病Ⅳ.arter-;arteri-;arteria-;arterio-动脉1.artery动脉 6;arterole 小动脉arte + ry arteri + ole︱︱︱︱动脉 n.suf名词后缀动脉小管arter-中的r被去掉了2.arterial动脉的 7;arterialization 静脉动脉化arteri + al arteria + liza + tion︱︱︱︱︱动脉 a.suf 动脉化 n.suf同前…的形容词后缀3.arteriarctia 动脉缩窄 8;arteriodilating 动脉扩张的arteri + arct + ia arterio+dilat+ing︱︱︱︱︱︱动脉缩窄病动脉扩张…的4.arteriectasia 动脉扩张 9;arterionecrosis 动脉坏死arteri + ectas + ia arterio+necro+sis︱︱︱︱︱︱动脉扩张病动脉坏死病5.arteriectomy 动脉切除术 10;arteriosclerosis 动脉硬化arteri + ectomy arterio+sclero+sis︱︱︱︱︱动脉切除术动脉硬化病Ⅴ.asthma-气喘1.asthma气喘2.asthmatic气喘的asthmat+ic︱︱气喘 a.suf…的Ⅵ.ather-athero-粥样的1.atheroma 粥样粉瘤 5;atheronecrosis 粥样坏死ather + oma athero+necro+sis︱︱︱︱︱粥样粉瘤粥样坏死病2.atherogenesis 粥样硬化形成 6;atherosclerosis 动脉粥样硬化athero + gene + sis athero + sclero + sis︱︱︱︱︱︱粥样产生病指硬化动脉粥样硬化病3.atherogenic 致粥样硬化的 7;atherosis 粥样硬化athero + gen + ic athero + sis︱︱︱︱︱粥样致 a.suf…的同前粥样病4.atheromatosis 粥样硬化病athero+matosis︱︱粥样病Ⅶ.atri- atrio- 心房1.atrial 心房的 5;atriotome 心房切开刀atri + al atrio + tome︱︱︱︱心房 a.suf 心房切开刀2.atrium 心房 6;atriotomy 心房切开术atri + um atri + otomy︱︱︱︱心房 n.suf 心房切开术3.atriocarotid 心房颈动脉的 7;atrioventricular 房室的atrio + carotid atrio + ventricul + ar︱︱︱︱︱心房颈动脉的心房室 a.suf与…有关的4.atrioseptopecy 房间隔修补术atrio + septo + pexy︱︱︱心房间隔修补术Ⅰ.bi-1.bicuspid 二尖瓣;二尖瓣的 2;bigemina 二联脉bi+cuspid bi + gemin + a二尖瓣二成对 n.sufⅡ.brady- 徐缓、迟缓1.bradycardia 心动过缓 3;bradydiastole 心舒张期延长brady + cardia brady+diastole︱︱︱︱过缓心动延长舒张期2.bradycrotic 脉搏徐缓的brady+crotic︱︱徐缓脉搏的Ⅰ.capil-; capillar-; capillar-; capillari-; capillaro- 毛细血管1.capillary 毛细血管的 5;capillariomotor 毛细血管运动capill + ary capillario+motor︱︱︱︱毛细血管 a.suf与…有关的毛细血管运动2.capillarectasis 毛细血管扩张 6;capillarioscopy 毛细显微镜检capillar + ectasis capillario+scopy︱︱︱︱毛细血管扩张毛细镜检查3.capillaritis 毛细管炎 7;capillaropathy 毛细管病capillar+itis capillaro+pathy毛细炎毛细管病4.capillarity 毛细现象或作用capillari + ty︱︱毛细 n.suf表特性Ⅱ.cardia-; cardio- 心1.cardiac 心的 7;cardiant 心兴奋剂cardi + ac cardi + ant︱︱︱︱心 a.suf …的心药剂医学上cardia-中的a被省略2.cardialgia 心痛;胃灼痛 8;cardiasthma 心性喘息cardi + algia cardi + asthma︱︱︱︱心;胃痛心喘息3.cardiamorphia 心畸形 9;cardiovascular 心血管的cardia + morphia cardio + vascul + ar︱︱︱︱︱心形态病心血管 a.suf4.carditis 心炎 10;cardiophonography 心音图card + it is cardio+phono+graphy心炎心血管 a.suf5.cardiogenic 心原性的 11;cardiopulmonary 心肺的cardio + gen + ic cardio+pulmon+ary︱︱︱︱︱︱心原 a.suf心肺 a.suf6.cardiomegaly 心肥大cardio+megaly︱︱心肥大Ⅲ.catherter 导管catheterization 导管插入catheter+iz+ation︱︱︱导管化 n.sufⅣ.circula- 循环circulation 循环circula + tion︱︱循环 n.suf表抽象含义Ⅴ.coron- 冠状coronary 冠状的coron + ary︱︱冠状 a.sufⅥ.cyan-; cyano-; cyanot-; 青紫、绀、蓝、氰1. cyanamide氰酰胺 3; cyanotic青紫的;紫绀的cyan + amide cyanot + ic∣∣∣∣氰酰胺青紫 a.suf…的;属…的2. cyanosis紫绀cyano + sis∣∣绀病态。
在医学英语中,词根和词缀是构成词汇的基本组成部分。
它们可以帮助我们理解医学术语的含义。
以下是一些常见的医学英语词根和词缀:
词根:
1. Cardi-:心脏
2. Derm-:皮肤
3. Gastro-:胃
4. Hem-或Hemo-:血液
5. Neuro-:神经
6. Osteo-:骨骼
7. Pulmo-:肺
8. Ren-或Nephro-:肾脏
9. Hepat-:肝脏
10. Ophthalm-:眼睛
常见词缀:
1. -itis:炎症(例如:Gastritis,胃炎)
2. -ectomy:切除术(例如:Appendectomy,阑尾切除术)
3. -logy:学科、科学(例如:Biology,生物学)
4. -pathy:疾病、异常状态(例如:Neuropathy,神经
病)
5. -ology:学科、科学(例如:Cardiology,心脏病学)
6. -ectomy:切除术(例如:Hysterectomy,子宫切除术)
7. -osis:疾病、异常状态(例如:Osteoporosis,骨质疏松症)
8. -logy:学科、科学(例如:Psychology,心理学)
9. -scope:仪器、设备(例如:Microscope,显微镜)
10. -emia:血液(例如:Anemia,贫血)
这只是一小部分医学英语词根和词缀的例子。
在医学术语中,词根和词缀可以组合起来形成复杂的单词,以描述不同的身体部位、疾病、治疗方法等。
了解这些词根和词缀有助于我们更好地理解医学文献和与医生或医护人员交流。
医学英语词汇:呼吸常用的英语术语导语:呼吸是指机体与外界环境之间气体交换的过程。
下面是小编为您收集整理的关于呼吸常用的英语术语,欢迎阅读!呼吸常用的英语术语:Ppa pulmonary artery pressure 肺动脉压,灌注压Palv-Pc alveolar pressure-capillary pressure 血管腔内与腔外压力差PV pressure of vein 静脉端压力医学教.育网搜集PLA left atrial pressure 左房压FiO2 fraction of inspire O2 吸入气中氧浓度分数R respiratory exchange ratio 呼吸交换指数CVO2 oxygen content of mixed blood 混合静脉血氧含量QS pulmonary shunt 肺内分流Q volume of blood 血容量rate of blood flow 血流速率V gas volume in general(pressure,temperature,and water vapor tensionmust also be given) 总气量gas volume per unit time;rate of gas flow 单位气流量,通气速率FAO2 fraction of alveolar oxygen 肺泡分氧浓度分数T tidal gas 潮气v mixed venous blood 混合静脉血VT tidal volume 潮气容积TLC total lung capacity 肺总量VC vital capacity 肺活量IC inspiratory capacity 深吸气量ERC expiratory reserve capacity 补呼吸量RV residual volume 残气容积FRC functional residual capacity 功能残气量CL compliance of lung 肺顺应性CSt static compliance 静态顺应性Cdgn dyanamic compliance 动态顺应性Raw air way resistance 气道阻力MVV maximal voluntary ventilation 最大自主通气MBC maximal breathing capacity 最大通气量FEV1 forced expiratory volume in the first second 第1秒用力呼气量FVC forced vital capacity 用力肺活量MMFR forced expiratory flow during middle half of the FVC 最大呼气中期流速PEFR peak expiratory flow rate 呼气峰流量D dead space ventilation 死腔通气量E minute ventilation 分钟通气量PVR pulmonary vascular resistance 肺血管阻力Palv alveolar pressure 肺泡压。
diseases 疾病 acute diseases 急性病 advanced diseases 病沉重期,晚期疾病 chronic diseases慢性病 communicable diseases 传染病 complicating diseases 并发病 congenital diseases 先天性疾病 acquired diseases 后天性疾病 contagious diseases接触性传染病 endemic diseases 地方病 epidemic diseases 流行病 functional diseases 机能病、官能病 infectious diseases 传染病 inherited diseases 遗传病 malignant diseases恶性病 nutritional diseases 营养病 occupation diseases 职业病 organic diseases 器质性病 paroxysmal diseases 阵发性病 periodical diseases 周期病 primary(principal)diseases原发(主导)病 secondary diseases 继发病 sexual(venereal, social)diseases 性病 terminal diseases 绝症 wasting diseases 消耗性疾病 chief complaint 主诉 clinical manifestation 临床表现 delivery history 分娩史 etiology病因学 family history 家族史 history, medical history 病史 precipitating(induced)诱因 marital status婚姻状况 menstrual history 月经史 menarche 初潮 menopause闭经 past history既往史 pathogenesis 发病机制 personal history 个人史 symptoms 症状 cardinal symptom 主要症状 classical symptom 典型症状 concomitant symptom 伴发症状 constitutional(systemic) symptom 全身症状 indirect symptom 间接症状 induced symptom 诱发症状 local symptom 局部症状 mental symptom精神症状 symptom-complex (syndrome)symptom 综合症,症候群 signs体征 antecedent 前驱征 assident (accessory) 副征 commemorative 后遗症 sign of death 死征 diagnostic诊断征 sign of disease 病征 subjective 自觉征,主观征 vein sign静脉征 vital sign 生命体征 body length (height of the body) 身高 body weight 体重 barrel chest 桶状胸 cachexia 恶病质 compulsive position 被动体位 critical facies 病危面容 emaciation 消瘦 enophthalmos 眼球下陷 entropion 睑内翻 exophthalmos 眼球突出 flushed face 面色潮红 gain (loss) in weight 增加(减轻)体重 lock-jaw 牙关紧闭 lordosis 脊柱前凸 nasal ala flap 鼻翼扇动 nystagmus 眼震 obesity 肥胖 pallor 苍白 scolisis 脊柱侧凸 agitation 焦急不安 debility, weakness 虚弱 diaphoresis 出汗,大量出汗 dizziness, vertigo 眩晕 lassitude, fatigue 无力,倦怠 malaise 不适 night sweat 盗汗 numbness 麻木 rigor, chill 寒冷,发冷 perspiration, sweating 出汗 pruritus, itching 痒, somasthenia 躯体无力 tingling 麻刺感 abscess 脓肿 acidosis 酸中毒 adhesion 粘连 alkalosis 碱中毒 allergy 过敏 coagulation defect 凝血不良 congestion 充血 dehydration 脱水 distention 膨胀 edema 水肿 embolism 栓塞,栓塞形成 fluid and electrolyte imbalance 水电解质 紊乱 gangrene 坏疽 hematoma 血肿 hemorrhage, bleeding 出血 infarction 梗塞,梗死 infection 传染 inflammation 炎症 ketoacidosis 酮酸中毒 metastasis 转移 perforation 穿孔 necrosis 坏死 shock 休克 response 反应,应答 reaction 反应,感应 thrombosis 血栓形成 ulceration 溃疡 fever, pyrexia 发烧,发热 continuous fever 稽留热 intermittent fever 间歇热 low-grade fever 低热 remittent fever 驰张热 relapsing fever 回归热 pain 痛 burning pain 灼痛 chest(flank,…) pain 胸(胁腹…)痛 cramp-like pain 痉挛性痛 dull, diffused pain 弥漫性钝痛 pleuritic pain 胸膜炎性痛 radiating pain (pain radiating to…) 放射性痛(放射到…疼痛)angina 绞痛 cardiac angina 心绞痛 backache 背痛 colic 绞痛,急腹痛 earache 耳痛 headache 头痛 neuralgia 神经痛 migraine 偏头痛 rebound tenderness 反跳痛 somatalgia 躯体痛 sore throat 咽喉痛 stomachache 胃痛 toothache 牙痛 bloody sputum 带血的痰 cough 咳嗽 dry cough 干咳 expectoration 咳痰 expectoration of blood 咳血 hemoptysis 咳血 anoxia 缺氧 apnea 呼吸暂停,窒息 asthma 气喘,哮喘 Cheyne Stokes respiration 切-斯氏呼吸,潮式呼吸 dyspnea 呼吸困难 hyperpnea hyperventilation 过度呼吸,换气过度 hypopnea 呼吸不全, 呼吸浅表 hypoxia 低氧,缺氧 orthopnea 端坐呼吸 respiratory arrest 呼吸停止 suffocation 窒息 tachypnea 呼吸急促 fetid breath 口臭 fruity breath 呼吸有水果味 arrhythmia 心律失常,心律不齐 atelectasis 肺不张,肺膨胀不全 cardiac arrest 心搏骤停 cardiac hypertrophy 心脏肥大 cyanosis 发绀,青紫 distension of jugular vein 颈静脉怒张 extrasystole 期外收缩 gallop rhythm 奔马律 hemopleura 血胸 hepatojugular reflux 肝颈静脉回流 hypovolemia (循环)血容量减少 palpitation 心悸 tachycardia 心动过速 pneumothorax 气胸 thrill 震颤 absent breath sounds 呼吸音消失 dull sound 浊音 hyperresonant 鼓音 rale 啰音 rhonchus, rhonchi 鼾音,干啰音 wheeze 哮鸣音
anorexia, loss of appetite 食欲不振,厌食 dysphagia 吞咽困难 eructation 嗳气 belching 嗳气 flatulence 气胀 flatus 肠胃气,屁 gaseous distention 胃胀气 hematemesis 呕血 hiccough, hiccup 打呃,呃逆 nausea 恶心 pyrosis 胃灼热 regurgitation 反胃,回流 thirsty 口渴 vomiting 呕吐 anal fissure, crack in the anal canal 肛裂 ascites 腹水 board-like rigidity of the abdomen 板状腹 decreased tactile fremitus 触觉性震颤减弱 exophageal varices 食管静脉曲张 fistula 瘘,瘘管 hemorrhoid 痔 hernia 疝 hepatomegaly 肝肿大 intussusception 肠套叠 jaundice 黄疸 muscle guarding, defence of the abdominal wall 腹壁肌卫 peristalsis 蠕动 loss of peristalsis 蠕动消失 mass peristalsis 总蠕动 retrograde (reversed) peristalsis 逆蠕动 prolapse 脱垂 prolapse of anus 脱肛 rectal prolapse 直肠脱垂,脱肛 volvulus 肠扭转
calculus 结石, 石 biliary calculus 胆结石 vesical calculus 膀胱结石 constipation 便秘 defecation 排便 diarrhea 腹泻 incontinence of feces 大便失禁 hematochezia 便血 fecal impaction 大便嵌塞 occult blood 潜血 painful straining with defecation 排便痛性牵动 clay colored stools 陶土色便 dark, granular/coffee ground emesis 咖啡样呕吐物 fecal vomiting, stercoraceous vomiting 呕粪,吐粪 foul fatty stools, steatorrhea 恶臭脂肪便,脂肪痢 scanty and hard stools 便少而硬 tarry (black) stools 柏油样便 anuria 无尿 burning sensation no urination 排尿时的灼烧感 dysurea 排尿困难,尿痛 enuresis, bed wetting 遗尿 frequency of urination 尿频 micturation 排尿 uresis, urination, voiding 排尿 nocturia 夜尿 oliguria 少尿 polyuria 多尿 tenesmus 里急后重 vesical tenesmus 排尿时里急后重 uremia coma 尿毒症昏迷 urgency of urination 尿急 urinary incontinence 尿失禁 aciduria 酸尿 chyluria 乳糜尿 cylindruia 管型尿 glycosuria 糖尿 hematuria 血尿 ketonuria 酮尿 pneumatinuria 气尿 proteinuria 蛋白尿 pyuria 脓尿 amenorrhea 经闭,无月经 dysmenorrhea 痛经 menorrhagia 月经过多 lochia 恶露 menorrhea 行经,月经过多 menstruation 月经 uterine contraction 子宫收缩 blotch 斑点 bruise 挫伤,青肿 acne 痤疮,粉刺 desquamation 脱皮,脱屑 ecchymosis 瘀斑 loss of skin turgor 失去皮肤充盈 nevus 痣 papule 丘疹 petechia 瘀点,瘀斑 pigmentation 色素沉着 pustule 脓疱 purpura 紫癫 red nodule 红结节 roseola 玫瑰疹 scar 伤疤 senile plaque 老人斑 spider anaioma 蛛形痣 subcutaneous nodule 皮下结节 urticaria 荨麻疹 vesicle 小水疱 vitiligo 白斑 blindness 失明 blurred vision, visual disturbance 视力模糊 impaired vision 视力下降 lacrimation 流泪 papilledema 视神经乳头水肿 photophobia 畏光,羞明 retinal detachment 视网膜脱离 deafness 聋 hearing loss 听力丧失 tinnitus 耳鸣 epistaxis, nasal bleeding 鼻出血 impaired smelling 嗅觉障碍 nasal discharge 鼻涕 nasal obstruction 鼻塞 sneeze 喷嚏 snore 打鼾 aphonia, loss of voice 失音症 hoarseness 嘶哑 gum bleeding 齿龈出血 herpes labialis 唇疱疹,感冒疮 Koplik’s spots 科普利克斑 lead line of the gum 龈铅线 salivation, drooling 流口水 straw-berry tongue 草莓舌 tremulous tongue 舌震颤 atrophy 萎缩 contracture 挛缩 deformity 畸形,变形 dislocation 脱位 fracture 骨折 closed (simple)fracture 无创骨折,单纯性骨折 comminuted fracture 粉碎性骨折 compound fracture 哆开(开放性)骨折 knock-knee 膝外翻 opisthotonos 角弓反张 prosthesis 假体 spasm 痉挛 tetany (肌)强直,手足抽搦 wrist drop 腕下垂 aphasia 失语 ataxia 共济失调 coma 昏迷 consciousness 知觉,意识 convulsion 抽搐,惊厥 delirium 谵妄 delusion 妄想 faint 昏厥 hallucination 幻觉 hemiplegia 偏瘫 increased intracranial pressure 颅内压增高 insanity 精神错乱 loss of orientation 定向丧失 mania 躁狂 memory defects, amnesia 记忆缺损,遗忘症 paraplegia 截瘫,下身麻痹 projectile vomiting 喷射性呕吐 somnolence, (lethargy) 昏睡,嗜睡 stupor 木僵,昏呆 tetraplegia 四肢瘫痪 unconsciousness 失去知觉 yawning 打哈欠 crisis 危象 cerebral (febrile, hematic, hemolytic,hypertensive, thyrotoxic, ...) crisis 脑(热、血性、溶血、高血压、甲状腺中毒…)危象 failure 衰竭,故障 central (circulatory, cardiac, myocardiac, peripheral, congestive, renal, respiratory) failure 中枢(循环、心力、心肌、周围循环、充血性、肾、呼吸…)衰竭 diagnosis诊断 auscultation 听诊 inspection 视诊 palpation触诊 percussion 叩诊 laboratory examination 实验室检查 physical examination 体格检查 rectal (vaginal) touch 直肠(阴道)指诊 impression 印象 tentative diagnosis 暂定诊断 differential diagnosis 鉴别诊断 final diagnosis 最后诊断 prognosis 预后 prescription 处方 incubation (latent) period 潜伏期 prodromal stage 前驱期 incipient stage 初期 quiescent stage 静止期 alleviation 减轻,缓和 remission 缓解 attack 发作 convalescence (recovery) stage 恢复期 rehabilitation 康复 relapse 复发 sudden death 猝死 moribund 濒死的 course of the disease 病程 course of the treatment 疗程 indication 适应症,指征 complication 并发症 contraindication 禁忌症 side-effect 副作用 sequel (sequela), after effect 后遗症