English Curriculum Standards for compulsory Education (2017-year Edition).Ministry of Education of the people's Republic of China.Directory.Part one Preface .I. nature of the curriculum .II. Basic concepts of the curriculum .III. Ideas for curriculum design .Part II Curriculum objective .I. overall objective .II. Hierarchical objectives .Part III grading criteria .I. language skills .II. Language knowledge .III. Emotional attitudes .4. Learning strategies .V. Cultural awareness .Part IV implementation of recommendation .I. pedagogical recommendations .II. Evaluation recommendations .III. Recommendations for the preparation of teaching materials .Appendix .Appendix 1 list of speech items .Appendix 2 Grammar item Table .Appendix 3 Glossary .Part I Preface.Nowadays, the world is in the period of great development and great adjustment, showing the development trend of world multi-polarization, economic globalization and informatization. As a big country with peaceful development, China bears an important historical mission and international responsibilities and obligations. English is one of the most widely spoken languages in the world. It has become an important tool for international exchanges and scientific, technological and cultural exchanges. Learning and using English plays an important role in absorbing the achievements of human civilization, drawing lessons from advanced foreign science and technology, and enhancing the mutual understanding between China and the world. Offering English courses in the compulsory education stage can lay the foundation for improving the whole national literacy of our country, cultivating the talents with creative ability and cross-cultural communicative ability, and improving the international competitiveness of the country and the international communication ability of the people.The establishment of English courses in compulsory education is of great significance to the future development of young people. Learning English will not only help them better understand the world, learn advanced scientific and cultural knowledge, spread Chinese culture, and enhance their mutual communication and understanding with the youngpeople of other countries. It can also provide them with more opportunities for education and career development. Learning English can help them to form an open and tolerant character, to develop the awareness and ability of cross-cultural communication, to promote the development of thinking, to form a correct outlook on life, values and good humanities. Learning English can provide students with the ability to participate in knowledge innovation and scientific and technological innovation in the future, as well as lay the foundation for them to better adapt to the multi-polarization of the world, economic globalization and informationization in the future.I. the nature of the curriculum.The English curriculum at the stage of compulsory education is of the dual nature of instrumentality and humanism. As far as instrumentality is concerned, English curriculum undertakes the task of cultivating students' basic English literacy and developing their thinking ability, that is, students can master basic knowledge of English language and develop basic skills of listening, speaking, reading and writing in English through English courses. Form the ability to communicate with others in English, further promote the development of thinking ability, for the future to continue to learn English and other relevant scientific and cultural knowledge in English to lay the foundation. As far as humanity is concerned, English curriculum undertakes the task of improving students' comprehensive humanistic quality, that is, students can broaden their horizons, enrich their life experiences, form cross-cultural consciousness, enhance their patriotism and develop their innovative ability through English courses. Form a good character and a correct outlook on life and values. The integration of instrumental and humanistic English curriculum is conducive to the lifelong development of students to lay the foundation.II. The basic idea of Curriculum.(1) pay attention to quality-oriented education and embody the value of language learning to students' development;The main purpose of English curriculum in compulsory education is to lay a foundation for students to develop their comprehensive language ability and to create favorable conditions for them to continue to learn English and to develop in the future. Language is not only a tool for communication, but also a tool for thinking. Learning a foreign language can promote people's mental development, help students to understand the diversity of the world, experience the similarities and differences between Chinese and foreign cultures to form cross-cultural awareness, enhance international understanding, and carry forward the spirit of patriotism. Form the sense of social responsibility and innovation consciousness, improve humanities accomplishment.(2) for all students, pay attention to the different characteristics and individual differences of language learners.Compulsory education is an important part of education for all. The English curriculum at the stage of compulsory education should be open to all students and embody the student-centered thinking. The development needs of all students should be taken into account in the aspects of teaching objectives, teaching contents, teaching process, teaching evaluation and the utilization and development of teaching resources. English curriculum should be a process in which students construct their knowledge, develop their skills, broaden their horizons, enliven their thinking and show their individuality under the guidance of their teachers. Due to the differences in age, personality, cognitive style and living environment, students have different learning needs and characteristics. Only to meet individual needs to a large extent, it is possible to obtain the maximum overall teaching efficiency.(C) overall design objectives, taking full account of the progressivity and continuity of language learning.English learning has obvious characteristics of progressiveness and continuity. Language learning lasts a long time and needs to accumulate gradually. The English Curriculum Standard for compulsory Education (hereinafter referred to as "this Standard") and the English Curriculum Standard for Senior High Schools, which converge with it, set the objectives of the English curriculum for the basic education stage at nine levels. The aim is to embody the organic cohesion of primary, junior middle and senior middle school courses and the gradual development of students' English language competence, so as to ensure the integrity, progressiveness and continuity of English curriculum. English teaching and evaluation activities should be organized in accordance with the students' language proficiency and the corresponding grade requirements.(4) emphasizing the process of learning and paying attention to the practicality and application of language learning.Modern foreign language education pays attention to the process of language learning, emphasizes the practicality of language learning, advocates that students should contact, experience and understand the real language in the context, and learn and use language on this basis. English curriculum advocates the adoption of language teaching approaches and methods that both emphasize the language learning process and improve the students' learning effectiveness, so as to create as many opportunities as possible for the students to use the language in the real context. Encourage students, under the guidance of teachers, to discover language laws through experience, practice, participation, inquiry and cooperation, to gradually master language knowledge and skills, to constantly adjust their emotional attitudes, and to form effective learning strategies, Develop the ability of autonomous learning.(5) to optimize the evaluation method, with emphasis on the evaluation of students' comprehensive language ability.The evaluation system of English curriculum should be conducive to the development of students' comprehensive language use ability. It should be evaluated by adopting multiple and optimized evaluation methods to assess the development level of students' comprehensive language use ability, and stimulate students' interest in learning by means of evaluation. Promote the development of students' autonomous learning ability, thinking ability, cross-cultural awareness and healthy personality. The evaluation system should include formative evaluation and summative evaluation. The evaluation in daily teaching focuses on formative assessment, focusing on the performance and progress of students in the learning process; the final assessment focuses on the students' comprehensive language use ability. Including language skills, language knowledge, emotional attitude, learning strategies and cultural awareness and so on.(6) enriching curriculum resources and expanding English learning channels.Language learning requires a great deal of input. Rich and diverse curriculum resources are especially important for English learning. According to the needs of teaching and learning, English curriculum should provide English learning resources that are close to students, life and times. We should creatively develop and make use of the fresh English learning resources in real life, and actively use audio-visual, radio, television, books, newspapers, magazines, Internet information, and so on, to expand the channels for students to learn and use English.Ⅲ. The idea of curriculum design.The general idea of English curriculum design is: under the guidance of the scientific concept of development and advanced foreign language curriculum concept, based on the national conditions, comprehensive consideration of the current situation of English education in China, starting from the stage of compulsory education; To establish a student-oriented, systematic and progressive English curriculum system. This curriculum system aims at fostering students' comprehensive language application ability, according to the law of language learning and the development needs of students in the compulsory education stage. From the language skills, language knowledge, emotional attitude, learning strategies and cultural awareness of the five aspects of the design of the overall curriculum objectives and grading goals. These five aspects are interrelated and complement each other, which makes English curriculum attach importance not only to the cultivation of students' basic language knowledge and basic skills, but also to the optimization of the learning process, so as to guide students to form effective learning strategies and certain cultural awareness. Cultivate positive emotional attitudes and values.According to the above design idea, the compulsory education stage English curriculum take the elementary school 3 grades as the starting point, take the junior middle school graduation as the end (namely compulsory education 9 grades), and with the senior middle school stage English curriculum links up. The English curriculum of the entire basic education stage (including compulsory education and senior high school) is divided into nine levels according to the ability level, forming a gradual and sustainable development of the curriculum. The aim of setting graded courses is to reflect the learning needs and cognitive characteristics of students of different ages, and to make English courses with integrity, flexibility and openness, using the international grading methods for reference.In the nine-level target system, the first to the fifth level is the goal requirement of the compulsory education stage. Level two is the basic requirement to be met at the end of the sixth grade, and grade five is the basic requirement to be reached at the end of the ninth grade. Grades 6 to 9 are the target requirements for ordinary high schools. Among them, level 7 is the basic requirement for high school graduates, and levels 8 and 9 are designed for high school students who are willing to further improve their English proficiency. Of the nine levels of targets, levels I, III, IV and VI are transitional levels. The setting of grading objectives is conducive to teaching and evaluation in the implementation of the curriculum, but also provides a basis for the flexibility and openness of the curriculum.The levels in the curriculum grading objectives are not entirely equivalent to the grades in the basic education stage. However, the grading goal provides the instruction requirements for the teaching and evaluation of grades 3, 6, 7, 9 and senior high school, and the compilation of teaching materials, which is conducive to the overall implementation of the curriculum. In the period of compulsory education, schools offering English courses from the third grade, the fourth grade should complete the first level goal, the sixth grade should complete the second level goal, the schedule of classes should reflect the principle of short time and high frequency as far as possible, and guarantee three or four teaching activities per week; The total weekly class time shall not be less than 80 ~ 90 minutes. Grades 7, 9 and 9 completed the goals of levels III, IV and V respectively, and the weekly class hours were carried out in accordance with the national curriculum plan.Considering the fact that our country has a vast territory, numerous nationalities and unbalanced economic and educational development, each region can formulate its own curriculum implementation plan according to the situation of teachers' condition and resource allocation, etc. To determine the starting grade of English teaching in primary schools and the grade requirements to be reached when graduating from primary and junior high schools, the factors such as theavailability of teachers and the teaching conditions should be fully taken into account in the establishment of English curriculum in primary schools. Local teaching and research departments should strengthen the classification, stratification guidance and evaluation of teaching, help schools to implement the local curriculum implementation plan in accordance with local conditions, and pay attention to the coordination and convergence between the good learning sections. In particular, we should do a good job in the smooth transition between primary and junior high school, and promote the balanced development of regional English education.Part II Curriculum objectives.I. overall objectives.The general goal of English curriculum in compulsory education stage is to make students form the initial comprehensive language using ability, promote the mental development, and improve the comprehensive humanities accomplishment through English learning. The formation of comprehensive language competence is based on the overall development of language skills, language knowledge, emotional attitudes, learning strategies and cultural awareness. Language skills and language knowledge are the basis of comprehensive language use ability, cultural awareness is conducive to the correct understanding of language and proper use of language, effective learning strategies are conducive to improving learning efficiency and developing autonomous learning ability; A positive emotional attitude is conducive to active learning and sustainable development. These five aspects complement each other and jointly promote the formation and development of students' comprehensive language ability.Language skills, language knowledge, emotion and attitude, learning strategies and cultural awareness constitute the overall goal of English curriculum, which not only embodies the instrumentality of English learning, but also embodies its humanism. It is not only conducive to the development of students' language ability, but also conducive to the development of students' thinking ability, so as to comprehensively improve students' comprehensive humanistic literacy.II. Graded objectives.The objectives of English curriculum at all levels in compulsory education stage refer to the students' comprehensive performance in five aspects: language skills, language knowledge, emotional attitudes, learning strategies and cultural awareness. Table 1 provides a description of the first to fifth level goals.Part III grading standards.In accordance with the general objectives of the compulsory education English curriculum, this standard puts forward the requirements of language skills, language knowledge, emotional attitude, learning strategies and cultural awareness respectively in five aspects: language skills, language knowledge, emotional attitude, learning strategies and cultural awareness. Among them, the language skills of listening, speaking, reading, writing and other skills put forward five different levels of goal requirements, language knowledge, emotional attitude, learning strategies and cultural awareness put forward the target requirements of two and five levels.I. language skills.Language skills is an important part of language skills, mainly including listening, speaking, reading, writing and other skills and the comprehensive use of these skills. Listening and reading are skills of understanding, speaking and writing are skills of expression. They complement and promote each other in language learning and communication. Students should form comprehensive language competence through a large number of special and comprehensive language practice activities to lay a solid foundation for real language communication. Therefore, listening, speaking, reading and writing are not only the contents of learning, but also the means of learning. The main content of the language skill standard is what the students can do at a certain level, which not only helps to arouse the students' learningenthusiasm and promote the improvement of the students' language application ability, but also helps to evaluate the students' learning results scientifically and rationally.II. Language knowledge.The basic knowledge of the English language that students should learn and master in the compulsory education stage includes pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar and language forms used to express common topics and functions. Language knowledge is an important part of language application ability and an important basis for the development of language skills.III. Emotional attitudes.Emotional attitude refers to interest, motivation, self-confidence, will and spirit of cooperation and other factors that affect students' learning process and learning results, as well as the gradual formation of national awareness and international vision in the learning process. Maintaining a positive attitude towards English learning is the key to success in English learning. Teachers should constantly stimulate and strengthen students' interest in learning and guide them to gradually transform interest into stable learning motivation, so that they can build up self-confidence, exercise the will to overcome difficulties, and realize the advantages and disadvantages of their own learning. Willing to cooperate with others to develop a harmonious and healthy character. Through the English curriculum, enables the student to enhance the motherland consciousness, expands the international field of vision. Table 4 is a rating scale for affective attitudes of grade two and five.Table 4 rating criteria of affective attitudeⅣ. Learning strategies.Learning strategies refer to the various actions and steps taken by students in order to learn and use English effectively, and the beliefs that guide these actions and steps. English learning strategies include cognitive strategies, regulatory strategies, communicative strategies and resource strategies. Cognitive strategy refers to the steps and methods taken by students in order to accomplish specific learning tasks, while regulatory strategies refer to the actions and steps that students plan, implement, reflect, evaluate and adjust their learning. Communication strategy is the action taken by students in order to gain more communication opportunities, maintain communication and improve communication effect. Resource strategy is the way and method for students to learn and use English reasonably and effectively through a variety of media.Learning strategies are flexible and diverse, the use of strategies varies from person to person, from time to time, from place to place, and from event to event. In English teaching, teachers should consciously help students to form their own learning strategies, and constantly adjust their own learning strategies. In the implementation of English curriculum, helping students to use learning strategies effectively not only helps them to grasp the direction of learning, adopt scientific approach and improve learning efficiency, but also helps them to form the ability of autonomous learning. Lay the foundation for lifelong and sustainable learning. Table 5 is a two-level and five-level learning strategy rating standards.Table 5 grading criteria for learning strategiesV. Cultural Awareness.Language has rich cultural connotations. In foreign language teaching, culture refers to the historical geography, local conditions and customs, traditional customs, life style, behavior norms, literature and art, values and so on of the language country. In the process of learning English, contact with and understanding of foreign culture is beneficial tothe understanding and use of English, to the deepening of the understanding and love of the excellent traditional culture of the Chinese nation, and to the acceptance of the edification of the advanced culture belonging to all mankind. It's good for international awareness. In teaching, teachers should gradually expand the content and scope of cultural knowledge according to the characteristics of students' age and cognitive ability. In the initial stage, students should have a rough understanding of the similarities and differences between Chinese and foreign cultures, and the foreign cultural knowledge involved in teaching should be closely related to students' study and life, and can stimulate students' interest in learning English. In the higher stage of English learning, we should expand the scope of students' contact with foreign culture, help them to broaden their horizons, improve their sensitivity and ability to distinguish the similarities and differences between Chinese and foreign cultures, and then improve their intercultural communicative competence.Table 6 grading standard of cultural awarenessPart IV implementation recommendations.I. Teaching suggestions.At the stage of compulsory education, the English curriculum aims to cater to all students, lay a good foundation for the development of students' comprehensive language ability, and at the same time, promote the improvement of students' overall humanistic quality. Teachers should consider language skills, language knowledge, emotional attitude, learning strategies and cultural awareness of the five aspects of the curriculum objectives, according to the development of students, the overall planning of each stage of the teaching task; Effectively integrate the curriculum resources, optimize classroom teaching, cultivate students' autonomous learning ability, and lay the foundation for the sustainable development of students. At the same time, teachers should constantly improve their professional level and try to adapt to the new requirements of English curriculum for teachers. To this end, the following teaching recommendations are made:(I) for all students, to lay the foundation for each student to learn English.In teaching, teachers should adhere to student-centered, facing all students, pay attention to individual differences, optimize classroom teaching, improve teaching efficiency, and lay the foundation for students to continue learning.1. Teachers should fully understand the current English level and development needs of all students, choose appropriate teaching methods and methods, grasp the difficulty of learning, mobilize the enthusiasm of all students and make them maintain their confidence in learning English. Experience the fun of learning English, get a sense of success in learning English, and make them progress in all stages of learning.2. Teachers should fully understand students' different learning experiences, learning levels and learning styles, respect students' individual characteristics, fully explore students' different potentials, establish a sincere, understanding and trusting relationship with students, teach students in accordance with their aptitude, and encourage innovation. For students to provide a broader space for thinking and independent development of space. Students should be given targeted guidance on the problems in the process of learning.3. Teachers should arrange the teaching contents and steps reasonably, organize various forms of classroom interaction, encourage students to learn and use English by observing, imitating, experiencing, exploring, presenting, and so on, so as to create as many opportunities for language practice for them as possible. Guide them to learn independent learning and cooperative learning. Teachers strive to create a harmonious atmosphere in the classroom, to take a tolerant attitude towards students' language errors in the process of learning, and choose the right time and appropriate methods to deal with.4. According to the actual situation of the students, the teachers should establish the teaching objectives that are conducive to the gradual improvement of the students' basic language literacy and basic foreign language learning ability. Especially in primary school, teachers need to cultivate students' strong interest in learning, positive learning attitude, good learning habits and awareness of creative use of language.(2) pay attention to language practice and cultivate students' ability of using language.The purpose of this standard is to emphasize the cultivation of students' comprehensive language ability by settingthe goals and requirements in the form of "can do things in English". From the perspective of language use, the presentation of knowledge of various languages and brothers should serve to improve students' ability to "do things in English". By creating various contexts close to real life, teachers should adopt progressive language practice activities, as well as various teaching approaches and methods that emphasize both process and result, such as task-based language teaching approach, etc. Develop students' ability to do things in English.Teachers play an important role in students' language learning and practice. Teachers should pay attention to the relationship between knowledge learning and ability development, the relationship between language practice and language use, and the relationship between regular teaching and examination, so as to make teaching activities more effective.1. The activities should have clear communication purposes, real communication meanings and specific operational requirements, and provide students with the opportunity to demonstrate their learning achievements, so that students can develop their language and thinking abilities in individual and cooperative practical activities. And can feel successful in the exhibition activity.2. The content and form of the activities should be close to the students' real life experience and their cognitive level, and should be as close as possible to the actual situation of language use in real life. To enable students to understand and master the real meaning and use of the target language project.3. Activities should include the process of learning language knowledge and developing language skills, so that students can gradually realize the internalization of language knowledge through contact, understanding, practice and application of language in language practice. It should help students to learn to do things in English, especially to acquire, process and transmit information in English, to express simple personal views and feelings, so as to improve their ability to use language in practice.4. Activities are not limited to the classroom, but can also be extended beyond the classroom. Activities should be conducive to the mutual penetration and contact between English and other disciplines, so as to promote the comprehensive development of students' cognitive ability, thinking ability, aesthetic taste, imagination and creativity.(3) to strengthen the guidance of learning strategies and cultivate students' autonomous learning ability.In the stage of compulsory education, it is very important for students to form effective learning strategies step by step in order to improve the learning effect. Developing effective learning strategies is one of the important goals of English curriculum.1. According to the students' experience of learning their mother tongue and the needs of their cognitive development, and in view of the characteristics, similarities and differences between the English and American languages, this paper focuses on the cultivation of the students' ability to use learning strategies, the perception and imitation of the English pronunciation, and the characteristics of the English pronunciation. To master the methods of memorizing and using English vocabulary effectively; to understand the structure and pragmatic functions of English sentence patterns; to acquire, process and transmit the necessary information by using the four language skills of listening, speaking, reading and writing; to carry out effective communication in the specific context; Active reflection。
