Roger Ebert TED

Roger Ebert TED

Roger Ebert: These are my words, but this is not my voice.This is Alex, the best computer

voiceI've been able to find,which comes as standard equipment on every Macintosh.For most of

my life,I never gave a second thought to my ability to speak.It was like breathing.In those days, I

was living in a fool's paradise.After surgeries for cancertook away my ability to speak, eat or

drink,I was forced to enter this virtual worldin which a computer does some of my living for me.

这些是我在说话，但却不是我的声音这是艾力克斯，它是目前我能找到的最好的电脑声音每一台苹果电脑中都有这个功能在我一生大部分时间中我从来没担心过我说话的能力就好象呼吸一样以前那些日子，我就像生活在一个虚幻的乐境之中当癌症手术让我丧失了语言，进食的能力之后，我不得不被迫进入这个虚拟的世界电脑成了我生活的一部分

For several days now,we have enjoyed brilliant and articulate speakers here at TED.I used to be

able to talk like that.Maybe I wasn't as smart,but I was at least as talkative.I want to devote my

talk todayto the act of speaking itself,and how the act of speaking or not speakingis tied so

indelibly to one's identityas to force the birth of a new personwhen it is taken away.However, I've

found that listening to a computer voicefor any great length of timecan be monotonous.So I've

decided to recruit some of my TED friendsto read my words aloud for me.I will start with my wife,

Chaz.

经过一段时间之后我们可以在TED上享用这个出色的，发音清晰的发声器了我以前也可以像这样说话也许我以前没它那么聪明，但至少我还是很健谈的。今天的演讲我想专注在说话这个行为本身以及说话或者不说话的这个行为是如何与人们的个性持久联系在一起的当这些能力被夺走需要重新塑造一个新人的时候然而，我也发现持续听电脑的声音很长一段时间的话会变得很无聊所以，我决定找来一些我在TED的朋友来帮我读出我想要说的话我想从我的夫人查兹开始

Chaz Ebert: It was Chaz who stood by my sidethrough three attempts to reconstruct my jawand

restore my ability to speak.Going into the first surgeryfor a recurrence of salivary cancerin 2006,I

expected to be out of the hospitalin time to return to my movie review show,'Ebert and Roeper at

the Movies.'I had pre-taped enough showsto get me through six weeks of surgeryand

recuperation.The doctors took a fibula bone from my legand some tissue from my shoulderto

fashion into a new jaw.My tongue, larynx and vocal cordswere still healthy and unaffected.

查兹·埃伯特： "那时查兹陪着我经历了三次修复下颚的尝试以及恢复讲话能力的过程第一次手术是因为涎腺癌复发那是2006年，我希望可以及时出院从而回到我所主持的电影评论节目'Ebert and Roper at the Movies.'中我已经提前录好了足够的节目来让我度过这6周的手术期以及恢复期。医生从我的腿上取出一块腓骨并且从我的肩部取出一部分细胞组织来塑造一个新的下颚我的舌头，喉以及声带依然良好并没有受到影响”

CE: I was optimistic,and all was right with the world.The first surgery was a great success.I saw

myself in the mirrorand I looked pretty good.Two weeks later, I was ready to return home.I was

using my iPodto play the Leonard Cohen song'I'm Your Man'for my doctors and nurses.Suddenly,

I had an episode of catastrophic bleeding.My carotid artery had ruptured.Thank God I was still in

my hospital roomand my doctors were right there.Chaz told methat if that song hadn't played for

so long,I might have already been in the car, on the way home,and would have died right there and

then.So thank you, Leonard Cohen,for saving my life.

"我那时很乐观一切都向好的方面发展第一次手术很成功我看着镜子中的自己看起来非常好两个星期过去了，我准备要回家了出院之前，我用我的iPod放了一首莱昂纳德·科恩的歌'I'm

Your Man'献给我的医生和护士们就在那时，不幸的事情发生了我的颈动脉破裂了感谢上帝，我当时还在医院的病房里并且医生们就在我身边查兹告诉我如果那首歌再短一些的话我也许已经上车，在回家的路上了可能就会有生命危险所以，多谢了，莱昂纳德·科恩多谢救了我一命”

There was a second surgery --which held up for five or six daysand then it also fell apart.And then

a third attempt,which also patched me back together pretty well,until it failed.A doctor from Brazil

saidhe had never seen anyone survivea carotid artery rupture.And before I left the hospital,after a

year of being hospitalized,I had seven rupturesof my carotid artery.

“第二次手术 --大约坚持了5到6天然后颈动脉又再次破裂了之后就是第三次尝试这次手术仍然十分成功直到再次破裂一位来自巴西的医生说他从来没见过有哪个人在颈动脉破裂的情况下还能活下来在我出院之前我住了一年的院这期间我经历了7次颈动脉破裂

There was no particular daywhen anyone told meI would never speak again;it just sort of became

obvious.Human speechis an ingenious manipulation of our breathwithin the sound chamber of our

mouthand respiratory system.We need to be able to hold and manipulate that breathin order to

form sounds.Therefore, the systemmust be essentially airtightin order to capture air.Because I had

lost my jaw,I could no longer form a seal,and therefore my tongueand all of my other vocal

equipmentwas rendered powerless.

没有人在某一天来告诉我我将不能再说话了因为那根本就是很明显的事情人类的语言功能是我们对于气息的一种巧妙控制这种功能发生在类似声学实验室的口腔和呼吸系统中我们需要有控制和掌握气息的能力从而形成声音因此，这个系统理论上说必须是密闭的从而才能获取空气因为我已经失去了下颚所以我已经无法达到密封的要求因此我的舌头和所有其他的发声器官就相应的失去了作用"

Dean Ornish: At first for a long time,I wrote messages in notebooks.Then I tried typing words on

my laptopand using its built in voice.This was faster,and nobody had to try to read my

handwriting.I tried out various computer voices that were available online,and for several months

I had a British accent,which Chaz called Sir Lawrence."(Laughter)"It was the clearest I could

find.Then Apple released the Alex voice,which was the best I'd heard.It knew things like the