2021-2022学年江西省上饶市重点中学协作体高一下学期期末联考英语试卷1. Xi'an enjoys a reputations as a “Living History Museum” due to its rich, diverse collection of historical and cultural treasures. Apart from the Terracotta Warriors, there are also some other attractions in the city. Here are some of them.Ancient City WallXi'an City Wall was built in the 14th century in the Ming Dynasty as a military defense system. Now it is one of the oldest and best preserved Chinese city walls. The wall is now a landmark, dividing the city into inner and outer areas.Giant Wild Goose Pagoda （塔）Situated in an ancient temple, the pagoda built with layers of bricks was built in the Tang Dynasty. It is traditional Chinese architecture. One of the main functions of the pagoda was to store Buddhist scriptures（经文） and figurines brought to China from India by the famous monk and traveler Xuan Zang, who stayed here for 19 years translating Buddhist scriptures.Shaanxi History MuseumThe Shaanxi History Museum, built in 1991，is home to over 370,000 precious relics unearthed in Shaanxi over the years, The museum consists of three main sections. Its collections range from bronze ware（器血）to pottery ware, gold and silver ware and mural paintings from the Tang Dynasty tombs.The Muslim QuarterOne of the highlights is its local snacks when you tour Xian. The best food destination is the Muslim Quarter，which has a history of several hundred years. Consisting of a number of food streets, the area has become a famous attraction in the city for its rich and authentic Muslim cultural atmosphere.1. In which place can you know more about Buddhism?A．Ancient City Wall.B．Giant Wild Goose Pagoda.C．Shaanxi History Museum.D．The Muslim Quarter.2. What can you do when you visit the Muslim Quarter?A．Great some bronze wares.B．Eat diverse delicious snacks.C．Visit some watchtowers.D．Translate Buddhist scriptures.3. What do you know from the text?A．The Shaanxi History Museum has exhibits made of gold.B．Xuan Zang died in the Giant Wild Goose Pagoda.C．The Xi'an City Wallis the oldest Chinese city wall.D．The Muslim Quarter has a history of 100 years.2. It was late—an unrecognized and slow hour. In front of me was a large dog, showing his jaws so hard that his teeth gave a loud sound with each bark. His eyes were locked on me, desperate for the toy in my hand. But he wasn’t playing-he was feeling uneasy.As I cautiously held my ground, his bark changed to a shout, then he gave a short and frightening roar. That was when my unease gave way to something far more primitive: fear.This was no ordinary dog. Dyngo, ten-year-old, had been trained to push his six-stone body toward enemies, locking his jaws around them. This dog had saved thousands of lives. Now he was in my flat in Washington DC. Just 72 hours earlier, I had travelled across the country to get Dyngo back from Luke Air Force Base near Phoenix, Arizona, so that he could live out his remaining years with me.That first night, May 9, 2016, after we’d settled into my hotel room, Dyngo sat on the bed waiting for me. As I was gradually sleeping, I felt his body moving, and I smiled: Dyngo is a dog who dreams. The next morning, when I came out from the bathroom after a shower, it was like stepping into a hen house massacre (屠宰场): feathers floated in the air. In the middle of the bed was Dyngo, panting over a pile of torn-pieces pillows.On the flight home, Dyngo was allowed to sit at my feet in the broad first row, but he soon had bouts of vomiting (呕吐) in between his attempts to tear the blanket I’d brought him. The pilot announced Dyngo’s military status, inspiring applause from the whole cabin. When we reached my flat, we both collapsed from exhaustion. It would be our last bit of shared peace for many months.1. Why did the author say Dyngo was no ordinary dog?A．Because it was a large and fierce dog.B．Because it could live with anyone peacefully.C．Because it was once a trained military dog.D．Because it had saved thousands of lives in Washington DC.2. What can we conclude from Paragraph 4?A．Dreaming is an abnormal behavior for Dyngo.B．Dyngo enjoys tearing things up like other dogs.C．Dyngo always prepares to wait for his owner after a shower.D．Panting over a pillow is Dyngo’s most favorite activity.3. How was their flight home according to the passage?A．It was tiring but inspiring that Dyngo received passengers’ recognition.B．It was disappointing because everyone was frightened by Dyngo.C．It was annoyed that Dyngo fell ill on board unexpectedly.D．It was peaceful and smooth without any bothers.4. Where is this text most likely from?A．A news report. B．A guidebook.C．A research paper. D．A magazine.3. Waking up dizzy never feels right. And how we wake up can not only affect our mood and the day’s outlook, but also our cognition (认知) and mental performance.In some instances, dizziness after waking has the potential to be dangerous several hours later, by reducing our performance in pivotal decision-making such as in health settings, emergency responses, security, or while driving. This cognitive state of reduced alertness is referred to as “sleep inertia”. It’s a growing concern as it can have seriou s consequences while performing high-risk tasks, including driving.But when it comes to choosing an alarm, what exactly is the best choice? A growing body of evidence suggests different alarm sounds can positively influence human performance after waking. Our systematic review published in 2020 showed temporal frequencies around 500 Hz are better at arousing young children than 2000+Hz varieties. Voice notifications such as a person yelling “wake up!” work better than higher frequencies. However, they ar e not as effective as 500 Hz tonal beeping (哔哔声) alarms-similar to those preinstalled in most mobile phones. Our research also exploreshow qualities of music, and specifically melody (旋律), play a role in encouraging alert wakefulness. We found that the way in which people interpret their alarms “tunefulness” also reflects how dizzy they feel after waking. Here, people who use alarms that carry a tune they will readily sing along to will experience less dizziness than those with a standa rd “beeping” alarm.With this in mind, we developed a custom rhythmic melody that led to significantly better performance upon and after waking. when compared to standard beeping alarms.Other studies have also found popular music, which can be interpreted as being melodic, is good to counteract sleep inertia after a short nap, and even more yet if it is music the listener personally enjoys.1. What does the underlined word “pivotal” mean in the second paragraph?A．Crucial. B．Severe. C．Cautious. D．Sensible.2. According to the passage, a perfect alarm must sound something like this:A．it is fast and loudB．it is a standard beeping alarmC．it has a melody you can easily sing toD．it has a dominant frequency around 2000+HZ3. How does the author develop the passage?A．By listing figures. B．By presenting studies.C．By making a comparison. D．By giving a definition.4. What can be the best title of the passage?A．Studies on setting wake-up soundB．Reasons for choosing a best alarmC．Secret to the perfect wake-up soundD．Advice on improving cognition performance4. If Mars were the popular kid in school, Venus（金星）would be the unwelcome one sitting in the corner, largely ignored. Venus has nearly the same mass and size as Earth, but being closer to the sun, it gets nearly twice as much heat from the sun.However, instead of having a climate that is just a warmer version of Earth’s, Venus’s surface and atmosphere are unbearable: clouds of sulphuric acid (硫酸) blanket the planet, while at ground level, it is hot enough to melt lead. Despite this, there is now a sign that Venus may harbour life.Jane Greaves at Cardiff University, UK, and her colleagues recently detected phosphine (磷化氢)in Venus’s atmosphere, with one potential explanation that it is the by-product of biology. That is because the only way this gas is made on Earth is in laboratories or by microbes (微生物). Though this doesn't mean it was produced by life on Venus, attempts to find non-biological explanations for its presence have so far failed.Our best way of confirming or rejecting the possibility of life on Venus is to go and have a proper look. While Mars has been the focus of interplanetary exploration efforts lately, the phosphine discovery lets people look at Venus in a new light. As NASA administrator Jim Bridenstine tweeted: “It’s time to prioritize Venus.”In the months and years to come, computer simulations will be used to further study the possible chemistries of the atmosphere on Venus. More laboratory experiments will be conducted to try to identify other ways the phosphine there could be produced. However, there is no guarantee that these efforts will reveal the true nature of this substance on Venus. A newly-proposed strategy is to directly sample the atmosphere and surface of Venus. By doing so, we would be able to take direct measurements of phosphine.The discovery of phosphine in Venus's atmosphere is a great accomplishment. The scientific efforts may be just what we need to finally refocus on this neglected world. Possibly, the quiet kid in the corner may get the last laugh.1. Which description about Venus is not true?A．It is almost as large as Earth.B．It has nearly the same mass as Earth.C．It has a warmer Earth-like climate.D．It has the unbearable surface and atmosphere.2. What can the discovery of phosphine on Venus indicate?A．This kind of gas is very common.B．There might exist signs of life.C．Many products can be made with it.D．Experiments were once conducted there.3. What is paragraph 5 mainly about?A．The approaches to exploring phosphine.B．The importance of observations.C．The power of computer simulations.D．The necessity to analyse phosphine.4. Which can best describe the author’s attitude to the exploration of Venus?A．Casual. B．Cautious. C．Supportive. D．Doubtful.5. Research suggests that only around 8% of people feel they achieve their goals. That means around 92% don't. The question is: How do the 8% make it? 1 . But two of the most important components are making a plan and making a commitment to work on the plan. If you're ready to realize your goals, here are some tips on how to create a plan and achieve your goals.2 . When it comes to goal setting, many people select too many goals. That's unrealistic. Figuring out how to make plans for 10 goals is significantly more challenging than creating plans for3 or4 goals. 3 . After all, by selecting fewer goals you can truly focus on them and make real significant progress. So take time to pick 3 or 4 main goals you want to work on right now.Select the necessary actions to achieve your goal. For example, if you need to talk to 10 people to make two sales, what do you need to do to find 10 people? If you need to have 100 leaders to find10 people to talk to, what will you do to find 100 leaders? Make a list of tasks that need to be completed. 4 .Once you have your daily schedule and targets to shoot for during the process of working on your goal, 5 . Do the daily tasks you've assigned yourself to do. Set aside time every month or so to evaluate how well your plan is working, and adjust it if you're not making the progress you want.6. I was in the middle of the Amazon with my wife, a medical researcher there. We did not speak the local language, did not know the customs, and even did not entirely _________ the food. We could not have felt more _________.Then one perfect Amazonian evening. with monkeys calling from beyond the village green, we played soccer. _________ darkness came over the field and the match ended, the goal keeper, Juan walked over to me and said in a matter-of-fact way, “In your home, do you have a moon too? ” I was surprised. After I _________ to Juan that yes I felt a sort of awe at the _________ that existed in his world. where the unknown and undiscovered was _________ and amazing. Anything was possible.In our society, we know that Earth has only one moon. I can, from my computer at home,_________ satellite images of Jua n’s village. There are no more moons to search for, little_________ to discover. Yet, as an ant biologist, I knew that much in the world of insects remains unknown. How much, though? How _________ are we? The question of what we know and do not know __________ bother me.I began to __________ newspaper articles about new species, and on and on they __________. In looking into the __________ of biological discovery, I also began to find a collection of scientists, who very often focused on common phenomena more to the point of exhaustion (筋疲力尽), and even at the risk of the __________ of their peers.We used to think that nothing lived deeper than six hundred meters. Yet, when something new__________ more often than not, we do not even know its name.1.A．produce B．recognize C．attain D．prepare2.A．conservative B．familiar C．foreign D．natural3.A．As B．If C．Once D．Although4.A．announced B．committed C．complained D．responded5.A．differences B．possibilities C．definitions D．expressions6.A．suspicious B．similar C．absurd D．vast7.A．take up B．pull up C．pick up D．make up8.A．kept B．banned C．left D．bounded9.A．accessible B．elegant C．ignorant D．relevant10.A．instantly B．constantly C．occasionally D．absolutely11.A．evaluate B．seize C．polish D．collect12.A．appeared B．existed C．formed D．quitted13.A．fictions B．plots C．stories D．moments14.A．tease B．envy C．support D．admiration15.A．updates B．settles C．develops D．emerges7. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
