修辞专题复习教学案教学目标：复习修辞格知识，能辨析并运用常见的修辞方法。
常见的修辞方法为比喻、比拟、借代、夸张、对偶、排比、设问、反问、反复等九种。
这里的修辞是狭义的修辞格。
教学重、难点：辨析几种易混的修辞格。
考情分析：高考考查方式——多与扩展语句、仿用句式和阅读鉴赏结合起来考查。
考查题型如下：①、正确运用常见的修辞方法是高考必考内容之一，命题形式可能是：判断某种或几种修辞方法在具体语境中的使用是否正确。
在主观题中使用修辞方法，写一段话或仿写句子。
②、修辞在“诗歌鉴赏”和“现代文阅读”中考，侧重对修辞的判断及对其表达效果的理解。
在这两大板块中修辞被考到的可能性很大，几乎不放空，尤其是在诗歌鉴赏中。
考生一定要结合对这两大板块的复习，解决好这一考点。
③、对语言表达中修辞实际运用的考查则放在语言运用题中，这是修辞考查的另一个重点。
主要是把对修辞的考查放在仿句题、扩展题中，结合其他要求一并考查。
近几年，这一趋势非常明显，深为命题人所青睐。
教学过程：一、新知导学：修辞，指的是“积极地随情应景地运用各种表现手法，极尽语言文字的一切可能性，使所说、所写呈现形象性、具体性和体验性”。
使用了修辞方法的语言比没有使用修辞方法的常规语言表达的内容更形象、更具体、更生动。
做好修辞题的前提是熟悉九种常见的修辞方法。
二、学生自学内容：1、独立完成课本211页“考题热身”两道试题。
2、阅读课本212页“考点精讲”，熟悉考纲中规定的九种修辞方法，重点理解几种易混淆的修辞格：借喻与借代的区别；比拟与比喻的的区别；夸张与比喻、比拟的关系；排比与对偶的区别；反复与排比的区别。
三、学生自学反馈：四、合作探究：A、学习小组合作完成课本214页“课堂精练”的训练习题，学生完成后，教师点评、答疑。
B、师生共同小结——辨析修辞方法归纳：1．熟悉常见的修辞方法的运用：首先，要正确理解和掌握《考试大纲》提出的九种修辞方法的基本概念及其特征，注意几种易混修辞的辨析。
汉语修辞学考试要点1. 修辞的准则是 把握对象 、 保持自我 、 适应语境 、明确前提 、 选择视点 ，但在这些准则之上，还有一个更高的原则，那就是 得体性 。
2. 所谓拍马屁拍到马腿上去，往往是由 个人联想意义造成的。
3. 修辞与逻辑从提高语言表达效果看，两者既有 对应统一 的一面，又有 矛盾对立的一面。
4. 比喻的运用原则是：第一要 贴切 ，第二要 注意创新 。
5. 有人说"修辞的基本原则是适应语境",你认为对吗？ 为什么？6. 修辞的基本原则可以说是"适合语言环境".语言环境包括背景,场景和句境,广义的语言环境包括说话时的地理,人文,宗教,题旨等等因素,"到什么山上唱什么歌",在什么样的场合说什么话.词语句式没有优劣之分,只是看它的使用地方.普通的词语可以产生很好的修辞效果,这是因为这个词语适合那样的语言环境.7. 举例说明成语活用的方式(不少于三种)8. 成语的活用方式由以下几种:(1)易字,指更换原形中的某个这,如:望洋兴叹——望书兴叹;(2)谐音,指变体和原形中如:一往情深——一网情深;(3)拆用,指把成语原形拆开使用,如:根深叶茂——根深才能叶茂;(4)易色,指借用成语原形,但感情色彩不同;(5)易序,改变成语原形成份的次序,如:心安理得——理得心安;(6)别指,成语原形指某一事物,变体借用来改指另一事物.9. 填空1、四个音节的语音段落也称 四字格 ，它两字一顿，整齐匀称，是人们喜闻乐道的一种语言格式。
2、 韵律 是汉语诗歌的基本要素之一。
我国的古典诗歌中，从《诗经》起到后代的诗词没有不押韵的，可谓“无韵不成诗”。
3、叠音又称 叠字 ，指相同字（音节）的重叠。
叠音是汉语语音修辞的重要手段。
4、成语是我国民族语言的瑰宝，具有意义的 整体性 和结构的 凝固性 的特点。
5、标志着中国现代修辞学建立的著作是 《 修辞学发凡 》 ，作 者是陈望道 。
考试题型一．All the following sentences contain metaphors. Rewrite these sentences, using plain, non-figurative language. （24分）二．Identify what rhetorical device is employed in the following sentences respectively. （40分）(基本出自课堂讲的例句)三．Analyze what rhetorical devices are employed in the following passage, and identify them by listing the sentences one by one.（36分）（运用学过的修辞进行分析）(无复习资料英语修辞复习资料一．All the following sentences contain metaphors. Rewrite these sentences, using plain, non-figurative language.1. He is said to be a rough diamond.2. They are birds of a feather.3. Your case is a horse of another color.4. He is a dog in the manger.5. He is a bag of wind.6. That remark was a shot at me.7. You are the backbone of the team.8. She swallowed his story, hook, line and sinker.9. His bark is worse that his bite.10. He needled his way through the crowd.11. The crowd of demonstrators melted way when the police arrived.12. The poet expressed his burning passion for the woman he loved.13. Her stories fired the little boy’s imagination.14. Many small business will not survive the economic hurricane.15. With breezy confidence, the owners are predicting forty million visitors.16. He was eventually buried under an avalanche of criticism.17. The police may need to establish ways of weeding out lazy and inefficientofficers.18. Events in Russia are not forcing the US President to show his hand.,19. We should first separate the sheep from the goats.20. They lived from the hand to the mouth.21. We stopped to drink in the beautiful scenery.22. The river had eaten away the banks.23. She was born with a silver spoon in her mouth.24. He ran up to me all in a puff and blow.25. He turned a blind eye to the bad conditions in his factory.26. People who live in glass houses should not throw stones.27. This may teach the young man not to play with fire.28. The pupils took a leaf out of their teacher’s book.29. When she came out of the prison, she decided to make a fresh start.30. The state takes care of its people form cradle to the grave.Key to the answers:1. He is said to be a man of excellent parts, but lacking social polish.2. They are people of the same sort.3. Yours is quite different case.4. He holds on to a post without doing any work.5. He talks a lot and does nothing.6. That remark aimed at me.7. You are the key member of the team.8. She believed his story entirely.9. He is bad-tempered but not so dangerous.10. He made his way through the crowd.11. The crowd of demonstrators gradually disappeared when the police arrived.12. The poet expressed his strong/deep passion for the woman he loved.13. Her stories inspired the little boy’s imagination.14. Many small business will not survive the economic depression/crisis.15. With cheerful confidence, the owners are predicting forty million visitors.16. He was eventually buried under a lot of criticism.17. The police may need to establish ways of get rid of /diminish lazy andinefficient officers.18. Events in Russia are not forcing the US President to make his intentionsclear.19. We should first separate the good from wicked.20. They spent money as soon as it was earned.21. We stopped to enjoy the beautiful scenery.22. The river had washed away the banks.23. She was born rich.24. He ran up to me quite out of breath.25. He ignored the bad conditions in his factory.26. People in a vulnerable position should not throw stones.27. This may teach the young man not to take foolish risks.28. The pupils took the teacher as their example.29. When she came out of the prison, she decided to begin a new life..30. The state takes care of its people from birth to death.。
