正说反译与反说正译

正说反译与反说正译英语和汉语有相同之处，那就是在表达同一事物或同一概念时，往往可以从正面叙述，也可以从反面叙述。

比如我们可以说“很困难”（quite difficult），也可以改成“很不容易”（far from easy）；说做某事“竭尽全力”（do one’s best），也可以说“不遗余力”（spare no effect）；可以说某个学生成绩“还好”（good），也可以说“不错”（not bad）。

但由于思维方式的不同，英语中有些从正面表达的东西在汉语中习惯从反面表达；而有些从反面来表达的东西在汉语中则习惯从正面来表达。

因此，英译汉时常常有必要进行转换。

这就是通常所说的“正说反译与反说正译”法。

如英语中的“wet Paint！”，汉语中常说成“油漆未干”，英语中说“I won’t keep you waiting long ”汉语中却说“我一会而就回来。

”1、正说反译：Miss the bus没有赶上车Live up to the expectations of my parent不辜负父母的期望Be absent from the meeting没有出席会议A final decision不可更改的决定Frost-free refrigerator无霜冰箱Freeze别动Mortally ill不治之症The window refuses to open窗户打不开The explanation is pretty thin这个解释站不住脚Beauty is but skin deep.美丽但不肤浅。

Opportunity knocks but once.机会只来一次。

Keep upright切勿倒置。

Agreeable sweetness甜而不腻。

I doubt it我不相信。

Mind your steep当心脚下。

2、反说正译：The specification lacks detail.说明书不够详细。

Catch me doing that.我才没干那事呢。

No one can have too much knowledge and practice.知识和实践越多越好。

Look with your eyes.请勿动手。

Keep off the grass.请勿践踏青草。

Crew only游客止步。

Seats shall be reserved for warm body only 请勿用物品占位。

That is all I want to hear.够了，别说了。

You can not teach old dogs new tricks.老年人接受不了新事物。

篇章练习：Love your lifeHowever mean your life is, meet it and live it, do not shun it and call it hard names. It is not as bad as you are. It looks poorest when you are richest. The faultfinder will find fault even in the paradise. Love your life, poor as it is. You may perhaps have many pleasant, thrilling, glorious hours even in a poor-house. The setting sun is reflected from the window of almshouse as brightly as from the rich man’s abode; the snow melts before its door as early in the spring. I do not see but a quite mind may live as contentedly there, and have as cheering thoughts, as in a palace. The town’s poor seem to me often live th e most independent lives of any. Maybe they are simply greatenough to receive without misgiving. Most think that they are above being supported by the town; but it often happens that they are not above supporting themselves by dishonest means. Cultivate poverty like a garden herb, like sage. Do not trouble yourself much to get new things, whether clothes or friends. Turn the old, return to them. Things do not change, we change. Sell your clothes and keep your thoughts.热点环保话题补充：2008年6月1号开始实施的禁塑令，让我们又一次走进了环保这一话题。

环境保护是口译考试中的一个重要部分。

结合这次的禁塑令，在这里对这一话题做一汇总。

禁塑令的相关内容及表述：June 1st, 2008: The first day of the ban on free plastic bags. China, which consumes at least 1,300 tons of oil daily to produce bags for supermarkets alone, is following in the footsteps of countries such as Ireland, Rwanda and Bangladesh. Italy is due to introduce a ban by 2010.China has become the latest country to declare war on plastic bags in a drive to save energy and protect the environment.新规定开始昨天实施。

New regulations came into force yesterday.每日污染：Daily waste环保袋：Environmentally friendly bags/carriers回收/循环使用Recycle可再生资源Renewable energies一次性能源/不可再生能源Non-renewable energy白色污染White pollution有害废物Hazardous waste源节约型社会Resource-conserving society能源友好型社会Environmental-friendly society0703高级口译汉译英中国政府高度重视保护环境，认为保护环境关系到国家现代化建设的全局和长远发展，是造福当代、惠及子孙的事业。

中国政府将环境保护确立为一项基本国策，在推进经济发展的同时，采取一系列措施加强保护环境。

特别是近年来，中国政府坚持预防为主、综合治理、全面推进、重点突破，着力解决危害人民群众健康的突出环境问题；坚持创新体制机制，领先科学进步，强化环境法治，发挥社会各方面的积极性。

经过努力，环境污染和生态破坏加剧的趋势减缓，部分流域污染治理初见成效，部分城市和地区环境质量有所改善，全社会保护环境意识进一步增强。

Key:The Chinese government attaches great importance to environmental protection. It believes that environmental protection has a bearing on the overall situation of China’s modernization drive and its long-term development and that it is an undertaking which will not only benefit the Chinese people of today but also bring benefit to their children and grand children. The Chinese government has established environmental protection as a basic national policy. While promoting economic growth, it has adopted a series of measures to protect the environment. Especially in recent years, adhering to the principle of prevention first, comprehensive control, entire push-on and key-point breakthrough, Chinese government has made great efforts to solve those outstanding environmental problems that threaten people’s health. It has persisted in institutional innovation, relied on technological advances, strengthened the role of law in environmentalprotection and brought into full play the initiative of various sectors of the society. Thanks to these efforts, the trend toward aggravated environmental pollution and ecological destruction has slowed down, pollution control in some river basins has achieved some initial success, the environmental quality of some cities and regions has improved to some extent, and the people’s awareness of the importance of environmental protection has increased further.相关扩充：环境保护是每个公民的责任与义务。