第1页(共23页)《学术英语(综合)》书本答案以下答案对书本习题中类似于“Doyou(think/agree)”“giveapresentation”等的部分问题进行了省略。Unit1EconomicsTextA:Lead-in:omittedCriticalreadingandthinking:Task1:Body:UsethelaborandskillsbehindtheThanksgivingweekendasexamplestoillustratetheconceptof“theinvisiblehand”End:Echothebeginning,emphasizingweshouldbegratefultothemiracleonthisThanksgivingDayandeverydayTask2:1.ItisnotdifficultatalltoexplainwhygrocerystoresstockuponturkeybeforeThanksgiving.Thereseemstobenomiracleinit.2.Theuseofsomany“and’s”helpstoemphasizethataseriesofactionsandallkindsofworkareinvolvedinthesaleofThanksgivingturkey.3.Here“fromabove”means“fromGod”.Thephraseisusedtoshowthatthereissomethingwondrousandalmostinexplicableinthesocialorderoffreedom.Task3:Markethasitsownwayofpunishingbusinessmalpractice.Forexample,ifafastfoodchainsellscontaminatedfood,nation-widedemandfortheirfoodwillgodown,alongwiththeirprofit.Whenacompanysellsdefectiveproducts,nguagebuilding-up:Task1:1．1．饲料经销商；饲料批发商2．为他自己的收益而工作3．技能与劳动力4．制造塑料5．私人交易6．包装并定价7．无形之手2．bor;manufactured6.theinvisiblehand7.distributorTask2:1.Today,inmillionsofhomesacrossthenation,Godwillbethankedformanygifts,forthefeastonthetableandthecompanyoflovedones,forhealthandgoodfortuneintheyeargoneby,forpeaceprivilegeofhavingbeenborn—orhavingbecome—American.(Line2,Para.1)2.Andyet,isn'ttheresomethingwondrous—somethingalmostinexplicable—inthewayyourThanksgivingweekendismadepossiblebytheskillandlaborofvastnumbersoftotalstrangers?(Line1,Para.4)3.…ThanksgivingTurkey,therewouldbeone—ormorelikely,afewdozen—waiting.(Line3,Para.6)Task3:1.verymany2.buyingorselling3.alargegroupof4.morehuge5.understand6.troubledTextB:Criticalreadingandthinking:第2页(共23页)Task1:1.Consideringthatherboyfrienddoesn’tevenbothertochooseagiftforher,thegirlconcludesthathedoesn’tloveher.Therefore,shebreaksofftherelationship.Inthecasewherethestrengthofaffectionismostinquestion,peoplecarealotaboutwhatisgivenasagift.2.Thefollowingisonemoreexamplewherethesignalingtheorycanbeapplied:Inthejobmarket,anemployermaynotknowwhetheracandidateisqualifiedforapostornot.Veryoften,thecandidatewillshowtheemployereducationcredentials,whichcanbeusedasasignaltotheemployer.Thustheinformationgapisnarrowed.Task2:(以下所有表格题若未说明，顺序皆为从上到下，从左到右)Internetbrowser;Windowsoperatingsystem;deter;enteringthemarketandofferingnewproducts;carstodayincludemanybuilt-inproducts;monopoly;80;reliable;easiertouse;severelylimited;changing;competitors;low;Researching:TheU.S.economyisafreemarketeconomywithsomegovernmentregulationadtherehasbeenalastingdebateabouthowmuchgovernmentregulationisnecessary.Thosewhoargueforlessregulationclaimthatthefreemarketitselfwillrequirebusinesstoprotectconsumersandprovidegoodproductsorservicesandtheinterferencefromthegovernmentcandonothingbutincreasethecostofdoingcorporationsarenotconcernedaboutthepublic’sinterest,soregulationisindispensable.Interestingly,AdamSmithhimselfbelievedthatgovernmenthadanimportantroletoplayineconomiclife.Forexample,hebelievedthatthegovernmentshouldenforcecontractsandgrantpatentsandcopyrights.TextC:Task:每一个精明的一家之主都知道，如果买一样东西所花的钱比在家里自己生产所花的成本要小，那就永远不要尝试在家里生产。裁缝不会去做自己的鞋子，而向鞋匠购买；鞋匠不会去做自己的衣服，而雇裁缝来做；农民不会去做鞋也不想缝衣，宁愿雇用不同的工匠来做。他们都会为了自身的利益而采取某种方式来利用整个产业，在这种方式里，他们会比邻居更有优势，并用自己生产的一部分产品或者相同的东西，即以一部分产品的价格来购买他们所需要的其它任何物品。Listening:Task1:omittedTask2:Case 1: absolutely; comparative; lowerCase 2: you cook and your roommate cleans; you clean and your roommate cooks Speaking: omittedWriting:Task1:(suggestedchoice)3、4、8Task2:omittedUnit2BusinessEthicsTextA:Lead-in:Task:1.Limitsmokingandtobaccoadvertising第3页(共23页)2.350millionpeople3.IndiaCriticalreadingandthinking:Task1:1.Theinvisiblehands;thewealthofitsstockholders;Profitmaximization;thebesteconomicsystem;Freeenterprisesystem;constraints;2.Argument1:1)awiderangeofregulationsareimposed2)assessingcostsoncompanies;BPoilspillArgument2:1)behaveethically;valueandreputation2)Don’tBeEvil3)creativecapitalism4)contributedmorethan$6billionTask2:1.Yes,Iagree.Because:●Earningprofitisthemainaimofeveryeconomicactivity.Abusinessisaneconomicactivityandhence,itsmainaimshouldbetoearnprofit.●Profitisameasureofefficiencyandeconomicprosperityofthebusiness.Thisjustifiestheconceptofprofitmaximization.●Economicconditionsdonotremainthesameallthetime.Abusinesscanretainitsprofitsothatitcansurvivetheadversesituationsinthefuture.Profitgivesprotectionagainstfuturerisksanduncertainties.●Profitisthemainsourceoffinanceforgrowthandexpansion.Profitisessentialforthebusinessinordertoinvestinnewbusinesspropositions.●Profitabilityisessentialforfullingthesocialgoalsofthebusiness.Withprofitmaximizationabusinesscandosocio-economicwelfareandfollowitspoliciesofcorporatesocialresponsibility.No,Idon'tagree.Because:Businessshoulddoanythingtheycantomakeaprofit,butneveratthecostofhumanwelfareandnaturalenvironment.Humanwelfaremustbeconsideredasimportantasprofitmaking.Abusinessissuccessfultotheextentthatitprovideaproductthatcontributetohappinessinallitsforms.Asamatteroffact,thegreatvalueofabusinessshouldbemorallyassociatedwithconsumer'ssatisfactionandsafety.Ontheotherhand,businessesofgreatvalueshouldnotbeblindtotheirmoralobligationsofprotectingthenaturalenvironment.2.Yes,itisaveryeffectivewayforsocietytoimposesuchregulationstopreventcompaniesfromengaginginpracticesthathurtsociety.Formostbusinessestheirultimategoalistomakeprofits.Itistruethatmostbusinessmentrytoabidebythelawswhilemakingprofits.Howeverwehavetoadmitthattherearesomewhouseeverymeanstomakeasmuchmoneyaspossible,evenregardlessofinterestsofemployees,communities,andenvironment.3.Yes,havingagoodreputationwithcustomers,suppliers,employeesandregulatorsisessentialifvalueistobemaximized.Businesssuccessisassociatedwithmanyfactors,suchascustomers,suppliers,employeesandregulators.Ifcustomersaresatisfiedwithyourproductsandservice,theywillbeloyalto
Unit1
Task1
1. The show will tour the provinces(范围) after it closes in London.
这场表演在伦敦表演结束后将在各个省巡演。
2. Nancy woke（醒来） to the sound of birds outside her window.
南希醒来时听到窗外鸟儿的声音。
3. The stigma of being a bankrupt is likely to haunt（长期困扰） him for the rest of his life.
作为破产者的耻辱可能会在他的余生中困扰他
4. We’ve never had much trouble（使烦恼） with vandals（故意破坏公共财物者） around here.
5. Unpainted wooden furniture weather（风化） to a gray color.
未涂漆的木制家具天气（风化）为灰色。
6. There have been demonstrations in the streets in the wake（尾随） of the recent bomb attack.
7. The term “cardboard city” was coined（创造） to describe communities of homeless people
living in cardboard boxes.
8. The trouble（引起麻烦的事） is that these restrictions have remained while other things have
changed.
麻烦（引起麻烦的事）是这些限制仍然存在而其他事情已经发生变化。
9. The company just managed to weather（平稳度过） the recession.
Contents
Unit 1 – Astronomy .......................................... 2
Part I: Pre-listening......................................... 2
Part II: While Listening ................................... 2
Text A: Fun Facts about Astronomy ........... 2
Text B: Shenzhou-10 Mission ..................... 3
Part III: After Listening ................................... 3
Part IV: Homework ......................................... 3
Unit 2 – Biology ................................................ 4
Part I: Pre-listening......................................... 4
Part II: While Listening ................................... 4
Text A: Secret of Life .................................. 4
Text B: Animal Intelligence ........................ 5
Part III: After Listening ................................... 5
Part IV: Homework ......................................... 5
第1页(共23页)《学术英语(综合)》书本答案以下答案对书本习题中类似于“Doyou(think/agree)”“giveapresentation”等的部分问题进行了省略。Unit1EconomicsTextA:Lead-in:omittedCriticalreadingandthinking:Task1:Body:UsethelaborandskillsbehindtheThanksgivingweekendasexamplestoillustratetheconceptof“theinvisiblehand”End:Echothebeginning,emphasizingweshouldbegratefultothemiracleonthisThanksgivingDayandeverydayTask2:1.ItisnotdifficultatalltoexplainwhygrocerystoresstockuponturkeybeforeThanksgiving.Thereseemstobenomiracleinit.2.Theuseofsomany“and’s”helpstoemphasizethataseriesofactionsandallkindsofworkareinvolvedinthesaleofThanksgivingturkey.3.Here“fromabove”means“fromGod”.Thephraseisusedtoshowthatthereissomethingwondrousandalmostinexplicableinthesocialorderoffreedom.Task3:Markethasitsownwayofpunishingbusinessmalpractice.Forexample,ifafastfoodchainsellscontaminatedfood,nation-widedemandfortheirfoodwillgodown,alongwiththeirprofit.Whenacompanysellsdefectiveproducts,nguagebuilding-up:Task1:1．1．饲料经销商；饲料批发商2．为他自己的收益而工作3．技能与劳动力4．制造塑料5．私人交易6．包装并定价7．无形之手2．bor;manufactured6.theinvisiblehand7.distributorTask2:1.Today,inmillionsofhomesacrossthenation,Godwillbethankedformanygifts,forthefeastonthetableandthecompanyoflovedones,forhealthandgoodfortuneintheyeargoneby,forpeaceprivilegeofhavingbeenborn—orhavingbecome—American.(Line2,Para.1)2.Andyet,isn'ttheresomethingwondrous—somethingalmostinexplicable—inthewayyourThanksgivingweekendismadepossiblebytheskillandlaborofvastnumbersoftotalstrangers?(Line1,Para.4)3.…ThanksgivingTurkey,therewouldbeone—ormorelikely,afewdozen—waiting.(Line3,Para.6)Task3:1.verymany2.buyingorselling3.alargegroupof4.morehuge5.understand6.troubledTextB:Criticalreadingandthinking:第2页(共23页)Task1:1.Consideringthatherboyfrienddoesn’tevenbothertochooseagiftforher,thegirlconcludesthathedoesn’tloveher.Therefore,shebreaksofftherelationship.Inthecasewherethestrengthofaffectionismostinquestion,peoplecarealotaboutwhatisgivenasagift.2.Thefollowingisonemoreexamplewherethesignalingtheorycanbeapplied:Inthejobmarket,anemployermaynotknowwhetheracandidateisqualifiedforapostornot.Veryoften,thecandidatewillshowtheemployereducationcredentials,whichcanbeusedasasignaltotheemployer.Thustheinformationgapisnarrowed.Task2:(以下所有表格题若未说明，顺序皆为从上到下，从左到右)Internetbrowser;Windowsoperatingsystem;deter;enteringthemarketandofferingnewproducts;carstodayincludemanybuilt-inproducts;monopoly;80;reliable;easiertouse;severelylimited;changing;competitors;low;Researching:TheU.S.economyisafreemarketeconomywithsomegovernmentregulationadtherehasbeenalastingdebateabouthowmuchgovernmentregulationisnecessary.Thosewhoargueforlessregulationclaimthatthefreemarketitselfwillrequirebusinesstoprotectconsumersandprovidegoodproductsorservicesandtheinterferencefromthegovernmentcandonothingbutincreasethecostofdoingcorporationsarenotconcernedaboutthepublic’sinterest,soregulationisindispensable.Interestingly,AdamSmithhimselfbelievedthatgovernmenthadanimportantroletoplayineconomiclife.Forexample,hebelievedthatthegovernmentshouldenforcecontractsandgrantpatentsandcopyrights.TextC:Task:每一个精明的一家之主都知道，如果买一样东西所花的钱比在家里自己生产所花的成本要小，那就永远不要尝试在家里生产。裁缝不会去做自己的鞋子，而向鞋匠购买；鞋匠不会去做自己的衣服，而雇裁缝来做；农民不会去做鞋也不想缝衣，宁愿雇用不同的工匠来做。他们都会为了自身的利益而采取某种方式来利用整个产业，在这种方式里，他们会比邻居更有优势，并用自己生产的一部分产品或者相同的东西，即以一部分产品的价格来购买他们所需要的其它任何物品。Listening:Task1:omittedTask2:Case 1: absolutely; comparative; lowerCase 2: you cook and your roommate cleans; you clean and your roommate cooks Speaking: omittedWriting:Task1:(suggestedchoice)3、4、8Task2:omittedUnit2BusinessEthicsTextA:Lead-in:Task:1.Limitsmokingandtobaccoadvertising第3页(共23页)2.350millionpeople3.IndiaCriticalreadingandthinking:Task1:1.Theinvisiblehands;thewealthofitsstockholders;Profitmaximization;thebesteconomicsystem;Freeenterprisesystem;constraints;2.Argument1:1)awiderangeofregulationsareimposed2)assessingcostsoncompanies;BPoilspillArgument2:1)behaveethically;valueandreputation2)Don’tBeEvil3)creativecapitalism4)contributedmorethan$6billionTask2:1.Yes,Iagree.Because:●Earningprofitisthemainaimofeveryeconomicactivity.Abusinessisaneconomicactivityandhence,itsmainaimshouldbetoearnprofit.●Profitisameasureofefficiencyandeconomicprosperityofthebusiness.Thisjustifiestheconceptofprofitmaximization.●Economicconditionsdonotremainthesameallthetime.Abusinesscanretainitsprofitsothatitcansurvivetheadversesituationsinthefuture.Profitgivesprotectionagainstfuturerisksanduncertainties.●Profitisthemainsourceoffinanceforgrowthandexpansion.Profitisessentialforthebusinessinordertoinvestinnewbusinesspropositions.●Profitabilityisessentialforfullingthesocialgoalsofthebusiness.Withprofitmaximizationabusinesscandosocio-economicwelfareandfollowitspoliciesofcorporatesocialresponsibility.No,Idon'tagree.Because:Businessshoulddoanythingtheycantomakeaprofit,butneveratthecostofhumanwelfareandnaturalenvironment.Humanwelfaremustbeconsideredasimportantasprofitmaking.Abusinessissuccessfultotheextentthatitprovideaproductthatcontributetohappinessinallitsforms.Asamatteroffact,thegreatvalueofabusinessshouldbemorallyassociatedwithconsumer'ssatisfactionandsafety.Ontheotherhand,businessesofgreatvalueshouldnotbeblindtotheirmoralobligationsofprotectingthenaturalenvironment.2.Yes,itisaveryeffectivewayforsocietytoimposesuchregulationstopreventcompaniesfromengaginginpracticesthathurtsociety.Formostbusinessestheirultimategoalistomakeprofits.Itistruethatmostbusinessmentrytoabidebythelawswhilemakingprofits.Howeverwehavetoadmitthattherearesomewhouseeverymeanstomakeasmuchmoneyaspossible,evenregardlessofinterestsofemployees,communities,andenvironment.3.Yes,havingagoodreputationwithcustomers,suppliers,employeesandregulatorsisessentialifvalueistobemaximized.Businesssuccessisassociatedwithmanyfactors,suchascustomers,suppliers,employeesandregulators.Ifcustomersaresatisfiedwithyourproductsandservice,theywillbeloyalto
