词块教学与高考英语写作

  • 格式:pdf
  • 大小:155.31 KB
  • 文档页数:2

英语胜经 词块教学与高考英语写作 ■蓝海莲 虽然2013年高考早已结束,可我们对高考英语试 卷的研读和反思还在继续。很多学生和老师都认为今年 的英语写作很难。但如果学生在课文的学习过程中能牢 记课文中出现的词块和通过积极参与老师组织的课堂活 动运用这些词块,在此次作文中拿高分并不是难事。 今年基础写作要求写移民火星的时事快讯。其话 题较为罕见,但如果我们熟悉选修7第五单元课文 Keep it up,Xie Lei中的词块,写好这篇文章是轻而 易举的事。在这一单元里学生需要掌握的词块有 prepare(not)to do,fit in(wel1)with,adjust oneself to,as far as sb.is concerned,be acknowledged to be 等。根据该高考题的写作要求,可以表达为: About thirty volunteers will be chosen from all over the world by’2015 to the Mars.The volunteers,who as some experts are concerned,the living conditions on the Mars are SO hard that it is difficult for the volunteers to璺dj ! ! !!!! ! the extremely cold weather, loneliness and fear there.The volunteers believe that if successfu1.they will be acknowledged to be the heroes of human beings.What’S more,tired of living on the earth,they desire to experience the life on the Mars. 回顾2012年广东卷的读写任务:请你讲述你一次 想家的经历,内容包括: (1)时间、地点和起因;(2) 想家给学习和生活带来的影响; (3)你是怎样应对的。 同样.可以将选修7第五单元的课文里出现的 语块运用到这篇作文中,很好地完成这篇写作任务。 in a refrigerator to stop microorganisms from growing. Meat needs to be cooked thoroughly to kil any danger- OUS microorganisms.People should also wash food COV— ered with chemicals before eating it... 划线部分的信息点Food should be kept in a re— frigerator...; ! ! !! ! !! 旦 ! 坚g :::; ! : pl !lld f0 vered with chemicals…;是 对一些食物的处理方法。由此可以归纳为为了防止食 物中毒,对不同食物有不同的方法。所以答案选D。 三、用归纳概括法突破英语阅读主旨题难点 3 1.Paragraph 1 mainly talks about——————————————. (2013广东阅读B篇) A.the reasons for success B.the meaning of success C.the standards of success D.the importance of success 信息点:Some people think that ! !塑 鱼! 尘 ! !! ! 耻 坚P ! ! g 璺 : !:,and others believe that—success mostly—comes down to I’m not going to ! ! z!生!里!: 望 !i : 巴: —stan—ces don’t come into play because they do.Some born with great intelligence,and that’S just the reality of how life is. 由划线部分的信息点可以归纳为文中的“运气” “天赋”“家庭环境”等都是指一些成功的因素,我 们把四个答案进行对比就知道答案选A。 35.What is the main theme of the passage? (2013广东阅读B篇) A.Having a goal is vital to SUCCESS. B.Being good is different from being great. C.One cannot succeed without time and practice. D.Luck,talent and family help to achieve success. 信息点:…However,to succeed in life.…one needs to spend at least 10,000 hours studying and prac— tieing.To become great at certain things.it1'11 require even more time,time that most people won’t put in… Whatever you do,…you need to 羔 曼 z !: !婴Q ! ! 巳 ! 垒 ! 望:垒 ! !垒 翌g e 巫2 ! 婴!:If you’re望 旦 望g! 巳 ! time and work,don’t expect to receive any rewards. 在议论文中,However后引出的句子一般是文章 的观点,最后一段通常是观点的强调段。由划线部分 的信息点可以概括为要成功就要付出时间和努力训 练,没有努力训练和时间的付出就不会成功。 总之,在阅读理解方面遇到信息点较多、较散的 题目时,我们要运用归纳和概括的方法来解决它们,从 而达到理想的效果。 (作者单位:广宁县第一中学) 责任编校蒋小青 高中201 3年第7t8期 

75 想家的时间、地点和起因: Time flashed back to the day when I said goodbye School on 29th,August in 2011. 塑th ! 坐 !! ! 垒 !望! !,which!! 坠巳 !! ¥ concentration in the beginning. 想家给学习和生活带来的影响: Living in a completely new environment,I felt lonely and homesick.Sometimes I even couldn’t fall asleep,recalling my parents and good friends.In conse— quence,in the first months,I failed to g盟 ! ! 翌 ! ! :Discouraged,I l—acked co—nfidence in forthcoming studies. 你是怎样应对的: Later,I tried to spend time with friends SO as not to feel homesick and.a...s...k...e....d......t..h....e...m........f.—o—r advice on study.They hithly recommended that I should review lessons every day.I b....e....c...a...m.... e.......a......m.....o...r...e......a...u....t..o...n....o...m......o...u....s.....1..e...a...r..n...—e—r after following their advice.My marks have greatly improved. From then on.whenever I missed my family men— bers,I tried talking with my roommates,which proved to be a great comfort.Meanwhile,I tried to !! : !! !! !! ! 】= ! and actively j ! ! 曼! In this way,not only have I made more new friends but gradually my homesickness disappeared and I g ! the new environment. 2013年广东卷读写任务:谈谈对平凡工作的想 法,内容包括: (1)描述清洁工工作的艰辛; (2) 假如没有清洁工,环境会变得如何? (3)你对平凡 工作的看法。 在选修8第二单元出现的词块有different from,it is a dificult task to unde ̄ake,..would be...if there were no…, in poor condition,be unable to do sth,be in favor of sth, have a great impact on sth/sth,owe sth to...,be bound to do sth等。根据写作要求,可以表达为: 描述清洁工工作的艰辛: —Differe—nt from common people,cleaners have to get up early in the morning,working from dawn to dusk despite hot sun,heavy rainorwind..I..t..w....a...s...a....d...i..f..fi...c...u...1..t..t..a...s..k....t..o....u...n...d...e...rt....a...k..—e—. 假如没有清洁工,环境会变得如何: —W—e—w—o—u—ld soon b—e drowned in the mountain of rub— bish i1 ! cleaners.Wherever we go,there 76 蒸{器 缝 would be rubbish.We would be in such poor condition that we would be unable to live or work healthily.Therefore.I’in in favor of the view that small things as these iobs may seem,they have a great impact on every individual of US. 你对平凡工作的看法: We owe our comfortable life and harmonious society to all such ordinary WOrkers.who deserve our respect and concern.If a1l of US perform our ordinary jobs wel1. our society 翌 more harmonious. 2013年的读写任务的写作话题与选修7第五单元 sharing非常类似,都是提醒学生关注身边平凡的工作, 加强对学生价值观的正确引导。从考查语法的角度来看. 需要用虚拟语气表达“如果没有清洁工,环境会变得如 何”的要点.如果学生积极参与在必修5第三单元Life in the future和选修6第二单元Poems这些关于虚拟语气 的课堂活动,掌握虚拟语气并运用于写作并非难事。 同样,2008年读写任务是关于理想的大学生活, 这与选修5第三单元life in the future话题,2009年 保护野生动物与选修2第四单元Wildlife话题都有着 紧密的联系。如此看来,高考英语的写作话题具有很 强的真实性,与我们的英语教材有着紧密的联系。 我们也不难发现广东高考英语写作的测试对高中 英语写作教学产生积极的反拨作用.主要体现为5个 方面的转变——教学理念的转变、教学方式的转变、 师生角色的转变、教学手段的转变以及评价方式的转 变。在高中英语课程中, “新课标”要求教师能够创 造性地使用教材,进行资源整合。 依据词块理论(chunking theory),语言的流利程 度不是取决于学习者大脑中储存了多少语法规则,而是 取决于他们大脑中存的词块的数量。词块具有整体存取 的优势,有助于语言记忆的效力与语言表达的地道和准 确。目前,国外语言教学研究者都已高度关注词块在语 言学习中的重要作用,并做了大量研究,但国内的实践 性探索才刚刚起步。因此,我们在日常教学中,要引导 学生认识和发掘词块的强大功能。根据“新课标”的 理念: “学生应通过大量的专项和综合性语言实践活 动。形成综合语言运用能力,为真实语言交际打基础”, 要达到这一目标.教师要努力创设实践陛情境,鼓励学 生使用新学的语言表达,尤其是词块。经过反复使用, 这些语言表达必定给学生留下深刻的印象,从而在写 作中成为使他们灵感触发、出奇制胜的有力武器。 (注:本文为广东省教育科研“十二五”规划201 1 年度项目(201 1TJK165)的部分成果) (作者单位:河源市河源中学) 责任编校蒋小青 离串