高三英语精品学案（四校班21）comSection ADirections:There are30incomplete sentences in this part.For each sentence there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.1.When people are asked what kind of housing they need or want,the question________a variety of answers.A)defies B)magnifies C)mediates D)evokes2.If you want to set up a company,you must________with the regulations laid down by the authorities.A)comply B)adhere C)confirm D)accord3.Although there are occasional outbreaks of gunfire,we can report that the rebellion has in the main been ________.A)canceled B)destroyed C)suppressed D)restrained4.The presidential candidate________his position by winning several primary elections.A)enforced B)enriched C)intensified D)consolidated5.Frankly speaking,your article is very good except for some________mistakes in grammar.A)obscure B)glaring C)trivial D)rare6.There was once an________idea that the earth was flat and motionless.A)absurd B)inherent C)external D)offensive7.Certain species disappeared or became________as new forms arose that were better adapted to the Earth’s changing environment.A)feasible B)extinct C)massive D)extinguished8.His________directions confused us;we did not know which of the two roads to take.A)ambiguous B)complicated C)arbitrary D)intricate9.Franklin D.Roosevelt argued that the depression stemmed from the American economy’s________flaws.A)underlining B)vulnerable C)vague D)underlying10.Some studies confirmed that this kind of eye disease was________in tropical countries.A)prospective B)prevalent C)prosperous D)perpetual11.I am afraid that you have to alter your________views in light of the tragic news that has just arrived.A)indifferent B)distressing C)optimistic D)pessimistic12.Stop shouting!I can’t hear the football________.A)judgment B)interpretation C)commentary D)explanation13.The cultures of China and Japan hare shared many features,but each has used them according to its national________.A)engagement B)destiny C)capacity D)temperament14.Every member of society has to make a________to struggle for the freedom of the country.A)pledge B)warranty C)resolve D)guarantee15.I was deeply impressed by the hostess’________and enjoyed the dinner party very much.A)hostility B)indignation C)hospitality D)humanity16.In the Spring Export Commodities Fair the________of fine china attracted much attention of customersfrom all over the world.A)succession B)array C)string D)procession17.We should make a clear________between the two scientific terms for the purpose of our discussion.A)separation B)discrimination C)deviation D)distinction18.The terrorists might have planted a bomb on a plane in Athens,set to________when it arrived in New York.A)go off B)get off C)come off D)carry off19.We should be able to do the job for you quickly,________you give us all the necessary information.A)in case B)provided that C)or else D)as if20.The younger person’s attraction to stereos cannot be explained only________familiarity with technology.A)in quest of B)by means of C)in terms of D)by virtue of21.Attempts to persuade her to stay after she felt insulted were________.A)in no way B)on the contrary C)at a loss D)of no avail22.By signing the lease we made a________to pay a rent of$150a week.A)conception B)commission C)commitment D)confinement23.To prevent flooding in winter the water flowing from the dam is constantly________by a computer.A)graded B)managed C)conducted D)monitoredSection BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A.notionB.appealingC.optimismD.bewilderE.inventiveF.approachG.IronicallyH.permeatesI.confusedJ.heritageK.ConsequentlyAmerican culture has been enriched by the values and belief systems of virtually every part of the world.The one value that nearly every American would agree upon is individual freedom.It__31__every aspect of their society.The majority of American businesses are small,and many are owned by an individual or a family.It is part of the"American dream"to"be your own boss",and being an entrepreneur is one of the most__32__ ways to improve one’s economic future.Education is often regarded as the key to opportunity,including financial security.Americans take a pragmatic__33__to learning,so what one learns outside the classroom through internship,extracurricular activities and the like are often considered as important as what is learned in the classroom.__34__,lifelong learning is valued,which results in many adult continuing education programs.Another aspect of American society that may__35__non-Americans is the family.The nuclear family structure is unlikely that in most cultures in the world,so it is often misunderstood.An important purpose of the American family is to bring about the happiness and independence of each individual family member.Privacy is also important to Americans.The__36__of individual privacy may sometimes make it slower to make friends.Because Americans respect one’s privacy,they may not go much beyond a friendly"hello".__37__,it is usually the foreigner who must be more assertive if a friendship is to be developed.The rugged individualism valued by most Americans stems from their frontier__38__.Early settlers had to be self-sufficient,which compelled them to be__39__.Their success gave them a(n)__40__about the future and a belief that problems could be solved.This positive spirit enables Americans to take risks in areas where others might only dream,resulting in tremendous advance in technology,health and science.Part II Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Historically,humans get serious about avoiding disasters only after one has just struck them.By that logic,2006should have been a breakthrough year for rational behavior.With the memory of9/11still__51__ in their minds,Americans watched hurricane Katrina,the most expensive disaster in U.S.history,on__52__ TV.Anyone who didn’t know it before should have learned that bad things can happen.And they are made much worse by our willful blindness to risk as much as our__53__to work together before everything goes to hell.Granted,some amount of delusion(错觉)is probably part of the__54__condition.In A.D.63,Pompeii was seriously damaged by an earthquake,and the locals immediately went to work__55__,in the same spot---until they were buried altogether by a volcano eruption16years later.But a__56__of the past year in disaster history suggests that modern Americans are particularly bad at__57__themselves from guaranteed threats.We know more than we ever did about the dangers we face.But it__58__that in times of crisis,our greatest enemy is__59__the storm,the quake or the__60__itself.More often,it is ourselves.So what has happened in the year that__61__the disaster on the Gulf Coast?In New Orleans,the Army Corps of Engineers has worked day and night to rebuild the flood walls.They have got the walls to where they were before Katrina,more or less.That’s not__62__,we can now say with confidence.But it may be all that can be expected from one year of hustle(忙碌).Meanwhile,New Orleans officials have crafted a plan to use buses and trains to__63__the sick and the disabled.The city estimates that15,000people will need a__64__out.However,state officials have not yet determined where these people will be taken.The__65__with neighboring communities are ongoing and difficult.51.A)fresh B)obvious C)apparent D)evident52.A)visual B)vivid C)live D)lively53.A)reluctance B)rejection C)denial D)decline54.A)natural B)world C)social D)human55.A)revising B)refining C)rebuilding D)retrieving56.A)review B)reminder C)concept D)prospect57.A)preparing B)protesting C)protecting D)prevailing58.A)turns up B)turns down C)turns over D)turns out59.A)merely B)rarely C)incidentally D)accidentally60.A)surge B)spur C)surf D)splash61.A)ensued B)traced C)followed D)occurred62.A)enough B)certain C)conclusive D)final63.A)exile B)evacuate C)dismiss D)displace64.A)ride B)trail C)path D)track65.A)conventions B)notifications C)communications D)negotiationsSection BDirections:Read the following passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AThe number of postgraduate students traveling from non-EU countries to study at UK universities has fallen for the first time in16years,fueling fears that the government's immigration crackdown is discouraging thousands of the brightest students from continuing their studies in Britain.Jo Beall,British Council director of education and society,said the fall would cause alarm among UK vice-chancellors(大学行政主管)."The sector was expecting a decline in growth,but the actual reduction in postgraduate numbers is of real concern as international-students make up the majority of numbers in many postgraduate courses and research teams in science,technology,engineering and mathematics.""Attracting the brightest and most ambitious postgraduate and research students is critical if the UK is to maintain its quality reputation for research,"Beall said.Universities get a third of their tuition(学费)fee revenue from non-EU students.There is growing fear among vice-chancellors that this revenue---as well as the cultural,academic and economic benefit international students bring---is being put at risk.Tim Westlake,director for the student experience at Manchester University,said students whose families relied on them working in the UK after their studies to gain experience and repay the fees were starting to look elsewhere.Last month the home secretary,Theresa May,announced that embassy staff would interview more than 100,000applicants in an attempt to prevent bogus(假冒的)ones entering the country.She also said immigrants were responsible for pushing up UK house prices.The comments followed the introduction of new limitations on students'right to work during and after their studies.Beall said:"Government statistics for the first time provide real evidence that the changes to UK visa regulations may have discouraged many students from applying to the UK,and in particular postgraduate students Who are so important to the UK’s research output.The UK enjoys an excellent reputation around the world for the high quality of our education system,so the government needs to ensure that institutions have all the support they need to attract international students who make a tremendous academic,cultural and economic contribution to the UK."61.What has caused the decline of the number of non-EU postgraduates in the UK?A)The increase in tuition and fees.B)The ever-rising living expenses.D)Universities'tightened budgets62.What is UK vice-chancellors'biggest concern?A)How to obtain financial support from the government.B)How to keep the academic reputation of their institutions.C)How to prevent bogus applicants entering their universities.D)How to stimulate the creativity of their research teams.63.Why do UK universities try to attract postgraduate students from outside the EU?A)A substantial part of their revenue comes from non-EU students'tuition and fees.B)Non-EU postgraduate students are usually highly motivated.C)The number of UK postgraduate students has fallen sharply.D)Some of the postgraduate programmes are specially designed for non-EU students.64.What were the expectations of some non-EU students'families?A)Their children could enjoy the UK’s cultural benefits.B)Their children could find well-paying jobs upon their return.C)Their children could become established academically.D)Their children could work in the UK after graduation.65.What does Beall suggest the UK government should do?A)Allow promising international students to work in research teams.B)Revise UK visa regulations to accommodate non-EU students.C)Give universities adequate support to attract non-EU students.D)Try to address the needs of international students in the UK.BThere was a time not long ago when new science Ph.D.s in the United States were expected to pursue a career path in academ/a(学术界).But today,most graduates end up working outside academia,not only in industry but also in careers such as science policy,communications,and patent law.Partly this is a result of how bleak the academic job market is,but there's also a rising awareness of career options that Ph.D.scientists haven't trained for directly—but for which they have useful knowledge,skills,and experience.Still,there's a huge disconnect between the way we currently train scientists and the actual employment opportunities available for them,and an urgent need for dramatic improvements in training programs to help close the gap. One critical step that could help to drive change would be to require Ph.D.students and postdoctoral scientists to follow an individual development plan(IDP).In2002,the U.S.Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology recommended that every postdoctoral researcher put together an IDP in consultation with an adviser.Since then,several academic institutions have begun to require IDPs for postdocs.And in June,the U.S.National Institutes of Health(NIH) Biomedical Research Workforce Working Group recommended that the NIH require IDPs for the approximately32,000postdoctoral researchers they support.Other funding agencies,public and private,are moving in a similar direction.IDPs have long been used by government agencies and the private sector to achieve specific goals for the employee and the organization.The aim is to ensure that employees have an explicit tool to help them understand their own abilities and aspirations,determine career possibilities,and set(usually short-term) goals.In science,graduate students and new Ph.D.scientists can use an IDP to identify and navigate an effective career path.A free Web application for this purpose,called myIDP,has become available this week.It's designed toguide early-career scientists through a confidential,rigorous process of introspection(内省)to create a customized career plan.Guided by expert knowledge from a panel of science-focused career advisers,each trainee's self-assessment is used to rank a set of career trajectories(轨迹).After the user has identified a long-term career goal,myIDP walks her or him through the process of setting short-term goals directed toward accumulating new skills and experiences important for that career choice.Although surveys reveal the IDP process to be useful,trainees report a need for additional resources to help them identify a long-term career path and complete an IDP.Thus,myIDP will be most effective when it's embedded in larger career-development efforts.For example,universities could incorporate IDPs into their graduate curricula to help students discuss,plan,prepare for,and achieve their long-term career goals.56.What do we learn about new science Ph.D.s in the United States today?A.They lack the skills and expertise needed for their jobs.B.They can choose from a wider range of well-paying jobs.C.They often have to seek jobs outside the academic circle.D.They are regarded as the nation's driving force of change.57.What does the author say about America's Ph.D.training?A.It should be improved to better suit the job market.B.It is closely linked to future career requirements.C.It should be re-oriented to careers outside academia.D.It includes a great variety of practical courses.58.What was recommended for Ph.D.s and postdoctoral researchers?A.They meet the urgent needs of the corporate world.B.A long-term career goal be set as early as possibleC.An IDP be made in consultation with an adviser.D.They acquire an explicit tool to help obtain jobs.ernment agencies and the private sector often use IDPs to________A.bring into full play the skills and expertise of their postdoctoral researchersB.help employees make the best use of their abilities to achieve their career goalsC.place employees in the most appropriate positionsD.hire the most suitable candidates to work for them60.What do we know about my IDP?A.It is an effective tool of self-assessment and introspection for better career plans.B.It enables people to look into various possibilities and choose the career they love.C.It promises a long-term career path.D.It is part of the graduate curricula.ІV.Summary Writing(10%)Directions:Read the above passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more e your own words as far as possible.Educating girls quite possibly yields a higher rate of return than any other investment available in the developing world.Women's education may be unusual territory for economists,but enhancing women's contribution to development is actually as much an economic as a social issue.And economics,with its emphasis on incentives(激励),provides guideposts that point to an explanation for why so many girls are deprived of an education.Parents in low-income countries fail to invest in their daughters because they do not expect them to make an economic contribution to the family:girls grow up only to marry into somebody else's family and bear children.Girls are thus seen as less valuable than boys and are kept at home to do housework while their brothers are sent to school-the prophecy(预言)becomes self-fulfilling,trapping women in a vicious circle(恶性循环)of neglect.An educated mother,on the other hand,has greater earning abilities outside the home and faces an entirely different set of choices.She is likely to have fewer but healthier children and can insist on the development of all her children,ensuring that her daughters are given a fair chance.The education of her daughters then makes it much more likely that the next generation of girls,as well as of boys,will be educated and healthy.The vicious circle is thus transformed into a virtuous circle.Few will dispute that educating women has great social benefits.But it has enormous economic advantages as well.Most obviously,there is the direct effect of education on the wages of female workers. Wages rise by10to20per cent for each additional year of schooling.Such big returns are impressive by the standard of other available investments,but they are just the cating women also has a significant impact on health practices,including family planning.Directions:Utilize as much as the following language material to form a superior composition.1.Currently,the issue whether parents are proud of their kids has been brought to the public attention as a result of the influential investigation in which I participated in Zhonghua Middle School.2.As is clearly shown in the bar chart,the amount of water,electricity and paper used in the school this term increased dramatically.Especially,the consumption of electricity went up by approximately twenty percent.3.Additionally,resulting from economical aspects,people prefer to do...rather than do...4.Apart from the reasons mentioned above,a lack of communication between parents and children should also be taken into account when people identify the factors contributing to the difference.5.Simultaneously,however,we are surprised to find a relatively small proportion in the number of their kids concerning the same subject,only accounting for sixty percent,according to the statistics illustrated in the pie chart.6.Its emergence initially owes to the fact that educators fail to learn the significance of active learning and dedicate themselves to forcing students to obtain high scores instead of cultivating their interest in learning.7.Therefore,I maintain that effective measures must be taken to put an end to this trend.8.On the one hand,the government and schools are supposed to quicken up the steps of educational reforming,highlighting the importance of active learning.9.On the other hand,we ourselves ought to inspire more courage and passion to make us learn knowledge ina smart and cheerful way.Part V WritingVI.Guided WritingDirections:Write an English composition in120-150words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.某互联网消费调研中心对网络购物进行了调查，结果如下，请根据图表1提供的信息描述人们选择网络购物的不同原因，并针对图表2中任意一个数据反映的情况谈谈你的看法。
