FDA灭菌工艺验证申报资料指南(中英文)
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201507FDA行业指南:分析方法验证(中英文)(下)VII. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND MODELS 统计学分析和模型A. Statistics 统计学Statistical analysis of validation data can be used to evaluate validation characteristics against predetermined acceptance criteria. All statistical procedures and parameters used in the analysis of the data should be based on sound principles and appropriate for the intended evaluation. Several statistical methods are useful for assessing validation characteristics, for example, an analysis of variance (ANOVA) to assess regression analysis R (correlation coefficient) and R squared (coefficient of determination) or linear regression to measure linearity. Many statistical methods used for assessing validation characteristics rely on population normality, and it is important to determine whether or not to reject this assumption. There are many techniques, such as histograms, normality tests, and probability plots that can be used to evaluate the observed distribution. It may be appropriate to transform the data to better fit the normal distribution or apply distribution-free (nonparametric) approaches when the observed data are not normally distributed. Appropriate literature or text should be consulted for information on statistical procedures to use when developing new test methods, evaluating existing test methods or evaluating measurement system performance, as well as other general information on the interpretation and treatment of analytical data[18].The data analysis should be assured either by using appropriately validated software or independent verification for correctness.验证数据的统计学分析可以用于评估验证的属性是否符合预定的可接受标准。
Validation of Cleaning Processes清洁工艺验证GUIDE TO INSPECTIONS VALIDATION OF CLEANING PROCESSES清洁工艺验证检查指南Mike Ma Sort outXiao GangNote: This document is reference material for investigators and other FDA personnel. The document does not bind FDA, and does no confer any rights, privileges, benefits, or immunities for or on any person(s).注意:本指南是审计官和其他FDA人员的参考资料。
FDA不受本指南的约束,也没有授予任何人任何权利、特权、收益或豁免权。
1 of 14ContentI. INTRODUCTION 简介 (3)II. BACKGROUND 背景 (3)III. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 常规要求 (5)IV. EVALUATION OF CLEANING VALIDATION清洁验证的评估 (6)V. ESTABLISHMENT OF LIMITS 确定限度 (11)VI. OTHER ISSUES 其他问题 (12)VII. REFERENCES 参考资料 (13)2 of 14Validation of cleaning procedures has generated considerable discussion since agency documents, including the Inspection Guide for Bulk Pharmaceutical Chemicals and the Biotechnology Inspection Guide, have briefly addressed this issue. These Agency documents clearly establish the expectation that cleaning procedures (processes) be validated.自从机构文件,包括化学原料药制剂检查指南和生物技术制剂检查指南简明的提及清洁验证规程以来,就对清洁规程验证产生了大量的讨论。
行业指南无菌制造工艺生产 无菌药品的cGMP美国FDA2004年9月目 录I.引言II.背景A.法规框架B.技术框架III.范围IV.厂房与设施A.关键区-100级(ISO 5)B.支持洁净区C.洁净区分隔D.空气过滤1.滤膜2.高效空气过滤(HEPA)E.设计V.人员培训、确认和监督A.人员B.实验室人员C.监督计划VI.组分和容器/胶塞A.组分B.容器/胶塞1.准备2.检查容器胶塞密封系统VII.内毒素控制VIII.时限IX.无菌工艺与灭菌的验证A.工艺模拟试验1.设计研究2.频率和试验次数3.试验时间4.试验批量5.灌装线运行速度6.环境条件7.培养基8.培养基灌装产品的培养和检查9.试验结果的解释B.过滤效率C.设备、容器和胶塞的灭菌1.确认和验证2.设备监控和仪表校验X.实验室管理A.环境监控1.总体书面计划2.确定限度和趋势分析计划3.消毒效率4.监控方法B.微生物培养基和鉴别C.过滤前产品微生物载量D.供替换的微生物试验方法E.尘粒监控XI.无菌检查A.微生物实验室管理B.取样和培养C.无菌检查阳性调查XII.批记录审核:生产工艺控制文件附录1:无菌作业隔离器附录2:吹-灌-封技术附录3:过滤前的作业和密封作业参考文献术语I.引言II.背景A.法规框架B.技术框架III.范围IV.厂房与设施A.关键洁净区-100级(ISO 5)B.支持性洁净区C.洁净区分隔D.空气过滤1.滤膜压缩气体应有适当的纯度(如不含油),且经过滤后微生物和微粒方面的质量应相当于或优于其导入环境的空气质量。
洁净间经常使用的压缩气体如压缩空气、氮气和二氧化碳,通常用于清洁和保护目的。
膜过滤器可用于过滤压缩气体以达到高质量标准。
进行无菌作业时,如处理无菌物料和操作无菌设备使用的无菌气体,通常由这类过滤器过滤后获取。
FDA建议在例如通往灭菌釜腔室的空气管道中、在消除冻干机内的真空时、及存有无菌物料的储罐上采用无菌膜过滤器。
美国FDA生产过程(工艺)验证总则指南I.目的本指南概述了人用和兽用药品和医疗器械的生产过程(工艺)验证的总则,其验证的基本原理是得到fdA认可的。
II.范围本指南是根据21CFR10-90颁布的,适用于药品和医疗器械的生产。
本指南阐述了一般适用范围的原则和方法,这些原则和方法在法律上未做规定要求,但是得到了fdA认可。
本指南可以作为依据,并保证可以得到FDA的批准,但也可以按照其他方法进行验证。
在使用不同方法进行验证时,可事前与(但也可以不与)fdA讨论所要进行的验证工作,以避免在以后被FDA认为不合格而浪费了财力和精力。
总而言之,本指南列述的有关药品和医疗器械的生产过程验证原则和方法,是得到FdA认可的。
但不是在所有情况下都必须使用本指南所列述的原则和方法以符合法律。
本指南是要经常进行修订的。
对此有兴趣的人士可对本文件及随后的任一版本提出意见。
书面意见应向FDA的Dockets Maragement Branch(HFA—305)上报。
地址为:Room 462,5600FishersLane,Rockville,Maryland20847。
在星期—至星期五,上午9:00到下午4:00可在该办公处查阅所收到的意见,III.序言生产过程验证是药品生产管理规范法规21CFR210·211和医疗器械生产管理规范法规21CFR820的规定要求,所以适用于药品和医疗器械的生产。
有些生产厂商曾向FDA要求提供具体的指导:关寸FDA要求生产商做些什么工作,以保证生产过程验证符合规定的要求。
本指南讨沦了生产过程验证的原理和概念,FDA认为这些原理和概念是符合验证方案要求的。
本指南所陈述的验证组成部分并不打算把所有内容都包括在内。
FDA认为,由于医药产品(药品和医疗器械)的生产过程和厂房设施种类繁多,所以不可能把所有适用于验证的具体原理一在本指南内述及。
然而,有些广义的概念有普遍的适用性,生产厂商在生产过程验证时可以用作验证的指南。
Qualification and ValidationinActive Pharmaceutical Ingredients ProductionSection 1Introduction 原料药生产中的确认与验证第1部分导论IntroductionBecause its products are intended for human consumption, the pharmaceutical industry is amongst the most highly regulated businesses in the world. All nations have some form of drug regulation and corresponding bodies to enforce that regulation.-Here, it is the State Food and Drug Administration that ensures compliance with the Drug Administration Law of the People’s Republic of China.-In the United States, it is the U.S. Food and Drug Administration-In Canada, it is the Therapeutic Products Directorate of the federal Ministry of Health 导论因为药品是供人使用,制药工业是世界上规范最严的业务。
所有国家都有药品规范的一些形式和相应的机构来实施这种规范。
-在中国是国际食品药品监管局(SFDA),保证符合中华人民共和国的药品管理法-在美国是食品药品监管署(FDA)-在加拿大,是联邦卫生部所属的药品监管司(TPD)IntroductionKey elements that a company must have to comply withpharmaceutical regulation:• a quality management group•qualified and trained employees•standard operating procedures•documentation and engineering change control•analytical testing of raw materials, intermediates, and finished products and inventory control and disposition of these materials •detailed, traceable records of all manufacturing and testing activities•adequately designed and maintained buildings and facilities facility qualification, equipment qualification and utilities qualification •adequately designed and operated process equipment and utilitiesprocess validation and cleaning validation 导论一个公司的关键部分是符合制药规范:•一个质量管理团队•合格与训练有素的员工•标准操作程序•文件与工程变更控制•原材料、中间体和成品的分析检测以及这些物料的仓储管理与布局•详细的、可追溯的所有关于制造与检测作业的记录•恰当地设计与维护建筑与设施设施确认、设备确认与工具确认•恰当地设计与操作设备与工具工艺验证与清洗验证Why are Qualification and Validation necessary?The simple answer is that regulatory authorities require theseactivities to be undertaken by pharmaceutical companies.United States Food and Drug Administration:“…validation is establishing documented evidence which provides a high degree of assurance that a specific process…will consistently produce a product meeting its predetermined specifications andquality characteristics.”**Guidelines on General Principles of Process Validation,FDA, May, 1987确认与验证为什么是必要的?a、简单的回答是药监管理机构要求制药厂承担这些义务美国食品药品监管署(FDA):“…验证是为确保一个专门过程…可以持续地生产满足预设规格与质量特征的一个产品而反复建立的书面依据。
Validation of Cleaning Processes (7/93)清洁工艺验证GUIDE TO INSPECTIONS VALIDATION OF CLEANING PROCESSES清洁工艺验证检查指南Note: This document is reference material for investigators and other FDA personnel. The document does not bind FDA, and does no confer any rights, privileges, benefits, or immunities for or on any person(s).注:此指南是FDA检查官和其他人员的参考资料,此文件不约束FDA,也不赋予任何人任何权利、特权、利益或豁免权I. INTRODUCTION一、介绍Validation of cleaning procedures has generated considerable discussion since agency documents, including the Inspection Guide for Bulk Pharmaceutical Chemicals and the Biotechnology Inspection Guide, have briefly addressed this issue. These Agency documents clearly establish the expectation that cleaning procedures (processes) be validated.自从FDA的各文件,包括化学原料药检查指南和生物技术检查指南,简单的提出了清洁验证的这个话题后,关于清洁工艺的验证已经引发了相当多的讨论,这些官方的文件,都清楚的确定了对清洁工艺需要被验证的期望。
201507FDA行业指南:分析方法验证(中英文)(中)A. Principle/Scope 原理/范围A description of the basic principles of the analytical test/technology (i.e., separation, detection); target analyte(s) and sample(s) type (e.g., drug substance, drug product, impurities or compounds in biological fluids).分析测试/技术(即分离、检测)基本原因的描述;目标分析物和样品类型(例如,原料药、制剂、杂质或生物流体中的化合物)。
B. Apparatus/Equipment 仪器/设备All required qualified equipment and components (e.g., instrument type, detector, column type, dimensions, and alternative column, filter type).所有需要的确认过的仪器和组件(例如,仪器类型、检测器、柱子类型、尺寸和可替代的柱子、过滤器类型)。
C. Operating Parameters 运行参数Qualified optimal settings and ranges (include allowed adjustments supported by compendial sources or development and/or validation studies) critical to the analysis (e.g., flow rate, components temperatures, run time, detector settings, gradient, head space sampler). A drawing with experimental configuration and integration parameters may be used, as applicable.确认过的优化的设置和范围(包括来自药典或研发和/或验证研究的允许调整),对于分析过程非常关键(例如,流速、部件温度、运行时间、检测器设置、梯度、顶空进样器)。
FDA eCTD申报指南(中英文)本次修订内容:January 2019 Section I. Introduction•Paragraph added describing rationale for extending timetable for Type III drug master file submissions in eCTD for an additio nal 12 months.Section III.B. Timetable for Implementation of Electronic Submission Requirements•Updated to reflect that the requirement for Type III drug master files to be filed electronically takes place 60 months after May 5, 2015.•Example of timetable updated to reflect actual timetable for the implementation of the electronic submissions requirement.2019年1月第I部分.前言•增加段落说明III类DMF文件以eCTD格式申报的时间表延迟12个月的理由第 III.B部分.电子提交要求实施时间表•更新以反映III类DMF电子提交要求将在2015年5月5日之后60个月实施•更新时间表以反映电子申报要求的实际实施时间表Providing Regulatory Submissions in Electronic Format — Certain Human Pharmaceutical Product Applications and RelatedSubmissions Using the eCTD SpecificationsGuidance for Industry行业指南:使用eCTD标准采用电子格式提交注册申报—特定人药申报和相关申报资料I. INTRODUCTION 前言Under section 745A(a) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act), at least 24 months after the issuance of a final guidance document in which the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has specified the electronic format for submitting submissi on types to the Agency, such content must be submitted electronically and in the format specified by FDA . This guidance and the technical specification documents it incorporates by reference describe how sponsors and applicants mustorganize the content that they submit to the Agency electronically for all submission types under section 745A(a) of the FD&C Act. In addition to this guidance and existing technical specification documents, further and more detailed technical instructions are included in a separate e CTD technical conformance guide.根据FDCA第745A(a)条款,在发布FDA指定电子格式提交申报文件的最终指南文件之后最短24个月,此类申报必须采用电子方式按FDA指定的格式提交。
灭菌工艺验证申报资料的要求目 录I. 前言 (1)A. 目的 (1)B. 灭菌工艺验证的文件 (1)II. 终端灭菌工艺的资料 (1)A. 对产品及灭菌程序的说明 (1)1. 药品及容器-胶塞系统 (1)2. 灭菌程序 (1)3. 灭菌釜(Autoclave)的程序及性能指标 (1)4. 灭菌釜(Autoclave)的装载方式 (2)5. 灭菌过程的监控方法和控制手段 (2)6. 生产用灭菌釜(Autoclave)的再确认 (2)7. 再灭菌 (2)B. 灭菌程序的热力学确认 (2)1. 热分布及热穿透试验 (2)2. 热监控器 (2)3. 装载方式对热力学影响 (2)4. 批记录中应有的信息 (2)C. 灭菌工艺的有效性 (3)1. 污染菌的特性及鉴别 (3)2. 生物负荷的控制标准 (3)3. 生物指示剂的鉴别、耐热性及稳定性 (3)4. 污染菌耐热性与生物指示剂耐热性的比较 (3)5. 微生物挑战性试验 (4)D. 环境的微生物监控 (4)E. 容器-胶塞系统及包装的完整性 (4)1. 生产过程的模拟试验 (4)2. 在最苛刻条件下完整性的证据 (4)3. 多腔室包装 (4)4. 试验的灵敏度 (4)5. 在产品有效期内的完整性 (4)F. 细菌内毒素试验及其方法 (5)G. 无菌检查的方法及判定标准 (5)III. 其他终端灭菌程序 (5)A. 环氧乙烷灭菌法 (5)1. 对灭菌器的说明 (5)2. 灭菌程序的参数 (5)3. 微生物学的方法 (5)4. 稳定性监控 (6)B. 放射灭菌法 (6)1. 设备及程序 (6)2. 产品的包装 (6)3. 多剂量分布试验 (6)4. 微生物试验方法及其管理 (6)5. 稳定性监控 (6)IV. 无菌生产工艺的资料 (6)A. 厂房和设施 (6)1. 平面图 (6)2. 设备的位置 (6)B. 生产作业概况 (7)1. 药液的过滤 (7)2. 存放时间的有关标准 (7)3. 关键作业 (7)C. 容器、胶塞、设备及组分的灭菌及去热原处理 (7)1. 采用无菌分装工艺的产品 (7)2. 批记录中的灭菌资料 (7)D. 培养基灌装的标准及步骤 (8)E. 培养基灌装失败时对产品应采取的有关措施 (9)F. 环境的微生物监控 (9)1. 微生物试验方法 (9)2. 酵母菌、霉菌及厌氧菌 (9)3. 超过标准 (9)G. 容器-胶塞系统及包装的完整性 (9)H. 无菌检查的方法及放行的标准 (9)I. 细菌内毒素试验及其方法 (10)V. 保持及监控微生物水平:稳定性方面的考虑 (10)A. 容器-胶塞系统的完整性 (10)B. 防腐效果 (10)C. 热原及内毒素试验 (10)灭菌工艺验证申报资料要求I.前言A. 目的本文旨在为申报药品时所提交的有关灭菌程序有效性的文件及资料提供指南。
(中英对照)美国FDA 分析方法验证指南目 录1.绪论 (4)II.背景 (5)III.分析方法的类型 (7)A. 法定分析方法 (7)B. 替代分析方法 (7)C. 稳定性指示分析 (8)IV 标准品 (8)A.标准品的类型 (8)B.分析报告单 (9)C.标准品的界定 (9)V.IND中的分析方法验证 (11)VI.NDA,ANDA,BLA和PLA中分析方法的内容和格式 (12)A.基本方法 (12)B.取样 (12)C.仪器和仪器参数 (12)D.试剂 (13)E.系统适应性实验 (13)F.标准品的制备 (14)H.操作过程 (14)J.计算 (14)K.结果报告 (14)VII.NDA,ANDA,BLA和PLA中的分析方法验证 (16)A.非药典分析方法 (16)1)验证项目 (16)2)其它分析方法验证信息 (17)a.耐用性 (18)b.强降解实验 (19)c.仪器输出/原始资料 (19)3)各类检测的推荐验证项目 (21)B.药典分析方法 (24)VIII.统计分析 (25)A.基本原则 (25)B.对比研究 (25)C.统计 (25)IX.再验证 (26)X.分析方法验证资料:内容和数据处理 (27)A.分析方法验证资料 (27)B.样品的选择和运输 (29)C.各方职责 (30)XI.方法学 (32)A.高效液相色谱(HPLC) (32)B.气相色谱(GC) (35)C.分光光度法,光谱法和相关的物理方法 (37)D.毛细管电泳(CE) (37)E.旋光度 (39)F.粒径分析相关的分析方法 (40)G.溶出度 (41)H.其它仪器分析方法 (43)附录A NDA, ANDA, BLA 和PLA申请的内容 (44)附录B 析方法验证的问题和延误 (45)参考文献 (46)术语表 (48)I. INTRODUCTIONThis guidance provides recommendations to applicants on submitting analytical procedures, validation data, and samples to support the documentation of the identity, strength, quality, purity, and potency of drug substances and drug products.1.绪论本指南旨在为申请者提供建议,以帮助其提交分析方法,方法验证资料和样品用于支持原料药和制剂的认定,剂量,质量,纯度和效力方面的文件。
美国FDA分析⽅法验证指南中英⽂对照--6XI. METHODOLOGYSections II through IX provide general information on the submission of analytical procedures and methods validation information, including validation characteristics. Additional information on certain methodologies is provided below.XI.⽅法学II章到第IX章提供了分析⽅法和分析⽅法验证资料⽅⾯的基本信息,包括验证项⽬。
下⽂就⼀些具体的⽅法给出了说明:A. High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)The widespread use of HPLC analytical procedures and the multitude of commercial sources of columns and packings frequently have created problems in assessing comparability. Many of the following points may also apply to other chromatographic analytical procedures.⾊谱(HPLC)⾼效液相⾊谱A.⾼效液相HPLC分析⽅法的⼴泛应⽤及⾊谱柱和柱填充的众多来源都经常会给可⽐性评估带来很多问题。
如下这些要点中,很多都适⽤于其它⾊谱分析⽅法。
1. ColumnThe following characteristics are useful for defining a particular column and, if known, should be included in the analytical procedure description. If method development has indicated that columns from only one commercial source are suitable, this information should be included as part of the analytical procedure. If more than one column is suitable, a listing of columns found to be equivalent should be included.1.⾊谱柱在定义某⼀⾊谱柱时,如下这些性质是很有⽤的,也应当要包括在分析⽅法描述中。
美国FDA用无菌工艺生产灭菌药品的指南1 9 8 7年I.目的 (4)Ⅱ.导言 (4)III.厂房和设施 (6)Ⅳ.组分 (9)V,容器/密封件 (10)Ⅵ.时限 (11)Ⅶ.生产和工艺控制验证 (11)Ⅷ.试验室控制 (16)Ⅸ. 无菌检验 (17)X.参考资料 (20)I.目的本指南为有关人员提供用无菌工艺生产灭菌药品的—些操作和规程.这些操作和规程是由符合现行药品生产质量管理规范有关部分的合格方法所组成(21CFR210和211部分)。
应该注意,对21CFR600-680部分中规定的生物制品而言,210.2(a)和211.1(b)部分规定,同时遵守600-800部分和分篇210与211的适当规定是不可能的,对于这些生物制品将制订特殊的规定。
因此,生物制品的无菌检验和用于这样检验的培养基必须符合610.12部分的要求。
Ⅱ.导言本指南依据2lCFRl0.90而发布,它所叙述的通用原则和方法不是法定的,但是为FDA所认可。
厂家可依据本指南确保FDA的认可,或者遵循其他不同的规程。
厂家采用不同规程时,可事先同FDA商讨但并非必须这样),以免日后为FDA所否定而浪费人力和财力。
如果当局认为需要,可以通过它在法规上的努力和有关人员提出的意见与建议,不时地修订本指南。
用无菌工艺和用最后灭菌方法生产灭菌药品有不同之处。
最后灭菌方法通常包括在高质量环境条件下产品容器的灌装和密封;产品、容器和密封件通常具有高度的微生物学的质量要求,但不是无菌的。
为降低产品的微生物含量并确保随后的灭菌处理成功,重要的是灌装和密封在高质量的环境中进行。
然后对在其最终容器中的产品进行灭菌处理----通常用加热法或辐射法。
在无菌工艺中,产品、容器和密封件都分别经过灭菌处理,然后放到—起。
因产品装入其最终容器后不再进行灭菌处理,所以为保持产品的无菌性,在极高质量的环境下进行产品灌装和容器封闭至关重要。
此外,无菌工艺比最终灭菌法通常有更多的变量,这—因素使得确保最终产品无菌更为困难,例如在无菌灌装前,最终产品的不同部分经过不同的灭菌处理----如玻璃器皿的干燥加热、胶塞经高压蒸汽处理、液体剂型的过滤,每—处理都需要完全有效并处于控制之下。
FDA eCTD申报指南(中英文)本次修订内容:January 2019 Section I. Introduction•Paragraph added describing rationale for extending timetable for Type III drug master file submissions in eCTD for an additio nal 12 months.Section III.B. Timetable for Implementation of Electronic Submission Requirements•Updated to reflect that the requirement for Type III drug master files to be filed electronically takes place 60 months after May 5, 2015.•Example of timetable updated to reflect actual timetable for the implementation of the electronic submissions requirement.2019年1月第I部分.前言•增加段落说明III类DMF文件以eCTD格式申报的时间表延迟12个月的理由第 III.B部分.电子提交要求实施时间表•更新以反映III类DMF电子提交要求将在2015年5月5日之后60个月实施•更新时间表以反映电子申报要求的实际实施时间表Providing Regulatory Submissions in Electronic Format — Certain Human Pharmaceutical Product Applications and RelatedSubmissions Using the eCTD SpecificationsGuidance for Industry行业指南:使用eCTD标准采用电子格式提交注册申报—特定人药申报和相关申报资料I. INTRODUCTION 前言Under section 745A(a) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act), at least 24 months after the issuance of a final guidance document in which the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has specified the electronic format for submitting submissi on types to the Agency, such content must be submitted electronically and in the format specified by FDA . This guidance and the technical specification documents it incorporates by reference describe how sponsors and applicants mustorganize the content that they submit to the Agency electronically for all submission types under section 745A(a) of the FD&C Act. In addition to this guidance and existing technical specification documents, further and more detailed technical instructions are included in a separate e CTD technical conformance guide.根据FDCA第745A(a)条款,在发布FDA指定电子格式提交申报文件的最终指南文件之后最短24个月,此类申报必须采用电子方式按FDA指定的格式提交。
Q7a(中英文对照)FDA原料药GMP指南Table of Contents 目录1. INTRODUCTION 1. 简介1.1 Objective 1.1目的1.2 Regulatory Applicability 1.2法规的适用性1.3 Scope 1.3范围2. QUALITY MANAGEMENT 2.质量管理2.1 Principles 2.1总则2.2 Responsibilities of the Quality Unit(s) 2.2质量部门的责任2.3 Responsibility for Production Activities 2.3生产作业的职责2.4 Internal Audits (Self Inspection) 2.4内部审计(自检)2.5 Product Quality Review 2.5产品质量审核3. PERSONNEL 3. 人员3.1 Personnel Qualifications 3.人员的资质3.2 Personnel Hygiene 3.2 人员卫生3.3 Consultants 3.3 顾问4. BUILDINGS AND FACILITIES 4. 建筑和设施4.1 Design and Construction 4.1 设计和结构4.2 Utilities 4.2 公用设施4.3 Water 4.3 水4.4 Containment 4.4 限制4.5 Lighting 4.5 照明4.6 Sewage and Refuse 4.6 排污和垃圾4.7 Sanitation and Maintenance 4.7 卫生和保养5. PROCESS EQUIPMENT 5. 工艺设备5.1 Design and Construction 5.1 设计和结构5.2 Equipment Maintenance and Cleaning 5.2 设备保养和清洁5.3 Calibration 5.3 校验5.4 Computerized Systems 5.4 计算机控制系统6. DOCUMENTATION AND RECORDS 6. 文件和记录6.1 Documentation System andSpecifications6.1 文件系统和质量标准6.2 Equipment cleaning and Use Record 6.2 设备的清洁和使用记录6.3 Records of Raw Materials, Intermediates, API Labeling and Packaging Materials 6.3 原料、中间体、原料药的标签和包装材料的记录6.4 Master Production Instructions (MasterProduction and Control Records)6.4 生产工艺规程(主生产和控制记录)6.5 Batch Production Records (BatchProduction and Control Records)6.5 批生产记录(批生产和控制记录)6.6 Laboratory Control Records 6.6 实验室控制记录6.7 Batch Production Record Review 6.7批生产记录审核7. MATERIALS MANAGEMENT 7. 物料管理7.1 General Controls 7.1 控制通则7.2 Receipt and Quarantine 7.2接收和待验7.3 Sampling and Testing of IncomingProduction Materials7.3 进厂物料的取样与测试7.4 Storage 7.4储存7.5 Re-evaluation 7.5复验8. PRODUCTION AND IN-PROCESSCONTROLS8. 生产和过程控制8.1 Production Operations 8.1 生产操作8.2 Time Limits 8.2 时限8.3 In-process Sampling and Controls 8.3 工序取样和控制8.4 Blending Batches of Intermediates orAPIs8.4 中间体或原料药的混批8.5 Contamination Control 8.5 污染控制9. PACKAGING AND IDENTIFICATIONLABELING OF APIs ANDINTERMEDIATES9. 原料药和中间体的包装和贴签9.1 General 9.1 总则9.2 Packaging Materials 9.2 包装材料9.3 Label Issuance and Control 9.3 标签发放与控制9.4 Packaging and Labeling Operations 9.4 包装和贴签操作10. STORAGE AND DISTRIBUTION 10.储存和分发10.1 Warehousing Procedures 10.1 入库程序10.2 Distribution Procedures 10.2 分发程序11. LABORATORY CONTROLS 11.实验室控制11.1 General Controls 11.1 控制通则11.2 Testing of Intermediates and APIs 11.2 中间体和原料药的测试11.3 Validation of Analytical Procedures 11.3 分析方法的验证11.4 Certificates of Analysis 11.4 分析报告单11.5 Stability Monitoring of APIs 11.5 原料药的稳定性监测11.6 Expiry and Retest Dating 11.6 有效期和复验期11.7 Reserve/Retention Samples 11.7 留样12. V ALIDATION 12.验证12.1 Validation Policy 12.1 验证方针12.2 Validation Documentation 12.2 验证文件12.3 Qualification 12.3 确认12.4 Approaches to Process Validation 12.4 工艺验证的方法12.5 Process Validation Program 12.5 工艺验证的程序12.6 Periodic Review of Validated Systems 12.6验证系统的定期审核12.7 Cleaning Validation 12.7 清洗验证12.8 Validation of Analytical Methods 12.8 分析方法的验证13. CHANGE CONTROL 13.变更的控制14. REJECTION AND RE-USE OFMATERIALS14.拒收和物料的再利用14.1 Rejection 14.1 拒收14.2 Reprocessing 14.2 返工14.3 Reworking 14.3 重新加工14.4 Recovery of Materials and Solvents 14.4 物料与溶剂的回收14.5 Returns 14.5 退货15. COMPLAINTS AND RECALLS 15.投诉与召回16. CONTRACT MANUFACTURERS(INCLUDING LABORATORIES)16.协议生产商(包括实验室)17. AGENTS, BROKERS, TRADERS, DISTRIBUTORS, REPACKERS, AND RELABELLERS 17.代理商、经纪人、贸易商、经销商、重新包装者和重新贴签者17.1 Applicability 17.1适用性17.2 Traceability of Distributed APIs andIntermediates17.2已分发的原料药和中间体的可追溯性17.3 Quality Management 17.3质量管理17.4 Repackaging, Relabeling, and Holding of APIs and Intermediates 17.4原料药和中间体的重新包装、重新贴签和待检17.5 Stability 17.5稳定性17.6 Transfer of Information 17.6 信息的传达17.7 Handling of Complaints and Recalls 17.7 投诉和召回的处理17.8 Handling of Returns 17.8 退货的处理18. Specific Guidance for APIs Manufactured by Cell Culture/Fermentation 18. 用细胞繁殖/发酵生产的原料药的特殊指南18.1 General 18.1 总则18.2 Cell Bank Maintenance and RecordKeeping18.2细胞库的维护和记录的保存18.3 Cell Culture/Fermentation 18.3细胞繁殖/发酵18.4 Harvesting, Isolation and Purification 18.4收取、分离和精制18.5 Viral Removal/Inactivation steps 18.5 病毒的去除/灭活步骤19.APIs for Use in Clinical Trials 19.用于临床研究的原料药19.1 General 19.1 总则19.2 Quality 19.2 质量19.3 Equipment and Facilities 19.3 设备和设施19.4 Control of Raw Materials 19.4 原料的控制19.5 Production 19.5 生产19.6 Validation 19.6 验证19.7 Changes 19.7 变更19.8 Laboratory Controls 19.8 实验室控制19.9 Documentation 19.9 文件20. Glossary 20. 术语Q7a GMP Guidance for APIs Q7a原料药的GMP指南1. INTRODUCTION 1. 简介1.1 Objective 1.1目的This document is intended to provide guidance regarding good manufacturing practice (GMP) for the manufacturing of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) under an appropriate system for managing quality. It is also intended to help ensure that APIs meet the quality and purity characteristics that they purport, or are represented, to possess. 本文件旨在为在合适的质量管理体系下制造活性药用成分(以下称原料药)提供有关优良药品生产管理规范(GMP)提供指南。
FDA清洁工艺验证指南中英文对照FDA(Food and Drug Administration)是美国食品药品监督管理局的简称。
FDA的清洁工艺验证指南提供了有关如何验证食品加工设备和工艺的清洁性的指导,确保产品的安全。
下面是FDA清洁工艺验证指南的英文全文对照。
FDA Cleaning Process Validation GuideIntroduction简介This document provides guidance on how to validate the cleaning processes used in food processing equipment to ensure their cleanliness. Cleaning validation is an essential step in preventing cross-contamination and ensuring the production of safe products.本文提供了关于如何验证食品加工设备中使用的清洁程序以确保其清洁度的指导。
清洁工艺验证是防止交叉污染和确保生产安全产品的关键步骤。
General Principles基本原则1. Validation should be based on a scientific and risk-based approach, taking into account the specific characteristics of the equipment and the product being manufactured.验证应基于科学和风险评估的方法,考虑到设备和正在生产的产品的特殊特性。
2. The validation process should be well-documented and include clear objectives, acceptance criteria, and a description of the methods used.验证过程应有良好的记录,并包括明确的目标、准入标准和方法描述。
Guidance for Industry for the Submission Documentation for Sterilization Process Validation in Applications for Human and Veterinary Drug Products人药和兽药无菌工艺验证申报资料的工业指南Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER)Center for Veterinary Medicine (CVM)November 1994CMC 2FDA药品评价与研究中心(CDER)FDA兽药中心(CVM)1994年11月TABLE OF CONTENTSI. INTRODUCTION (1)A. Purpose (1)B. Documenting Sterilization Process Validation (2)C. Remarks (2)II. INFORMATION FOR TERMINAL MOIST HEAT STERILIZATIONPROCESSES (3)A. Description of the Process and Product ........................ .. (3)1. The Drug Product and Container-Closure System (3)2. The Sterilization Process (3)3. The Autoclave Process and Performance Specifications (4)4. Autoclave Loading Patterns (4)5. Methods and Controls to Monitor Production Cycles (4)6. Requalification of Production Autoclaves (4)7. Reprocessing (4)B. Thermal Qualification of the Cycle (4)1. Heat Distribution and Penetration Studies (4)2. Thermal Monitors (5)3. The Effects of Loading on Thermal Input (5)4. Information Included in the Batch Record ........................................... . 5C. Microbiological Efficacy of the Cycle (5)1. Identification and Characterization of Bioburden Organisms (6)2. Specifications for Bioburden (6)3. Identification, Resistance, and Stability of BiologicalIndicators (6)4. The Resistance of the Biological Indicator Relative to That ofBioburden (6)5. Microbiological Challenge Studies (7)D. Microbiological Monitoring of the Environment (7)E. Container-Closure and Package Integrity (7)1. Simulation of the Stresses From Processing (7)2. Demonstrate Integrity Following the Maximum Exposure (8)3. Multiple Barriers (8)4. The Sensitivity of the Test (8)5. Integrity Over the Product Shelf Life (8)F. Bacterial Endotoxins Test and Method (8)G. Sterility Testing Methods and Release Criteria (8)H. Evidence of Formal, Written Procedures (9)III. OTHER TERMINAL STERILIZATION PROCESSES (9)A. Ethylene Oxide (9)1. Description of the Sterilizer (9)2. Cycle Parameters (10)3. Microbiological Methods (10)4. Stability (10)B. Radiation (10)1. The Facility and the Process (10)2. The Packaging of the Product (10)3. Multiple-Dose Mapping Studies (10)4. Microbiological Methods and Controls (11)5. Monitoring Stability (11)IV. INFORMATION FOR ASEPTIC FILL MANUFACTURING PROCESSES WHICH SHOULD BE INCLUDED IN DRUG APPLICATIONS (11)A. Buildings and Facilities (11)1. Floor Plan (11)2. Location of equipment (11)B. Overall Manufacturing Operation (11)1. Drug Product Solution Filtration (12)2. Specifications Concerning Holding Periods (12)3. Critical Operations (12)C. Sterilization and Depyrogenation of Containers, Closures, Equipment, andComponents (12)1. Bulk Drug Solution Components That are SterilizedSeparately (13)2. Sterilization Information in the Batch Records (13)D. Procedures and Specifications for Media Fills (13)E. Actions Concerning Product When Media Fills Fail (14)F. Microbiological monitoring of the environment (15)1. Microbiological Methods (15)2. Yeasts, Molds, and Anaerobic Microorganisms (15)3. Exceeded Limits (15)G. Container-Closure and Package Integrity (15)H. Sterility Testing Methods and Release Criteria (16)I. Bacterial Endotoxins Test and Method (16)J. Evidence of Formal Written Procedures (16)V. MAINTENANCE OF MICROBIOLOGICAL CONTROL AND QUALITY: STABILITY CONSIDERATIONS (16)A. Container-Closure Integrity (16)B. Preservative Effectiveness (17)C. Pyrogen or Endotoxin Testing (17)VI. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION (17)GUIDANCE FOR INDUSTRY1FOR THE SUBMISSION OF DOCUMENTATION FOR STERILIZATION PROCESS VALIDATION IN APPLICATIONS FOR HUMAN AND VETERINARY DRUGPRODUCTS人药和兽药无菌工艺验证申报资料的工业指南I. INTRODUCTION1、概述A. PurposeThis document is intended to provide guidance for the submission of information and data in support of the efficacy of sterilization processes in drug applications for both human and veterinary drugs. The recommendations in the guidance apply to applications for sterile drug products (new drug applications, new animal drug applications, abbreviated new drug applications, abbreviated antibiotic applications, and abbreviated new animal drug applications). These recommendations also apply to previously approved applications when supplements associated with the sterile processing of approved drugs are submitted. Information and data in support of sterility assurance may also be necessary in investigational new drug and investigational new animal drug applications.A. 目的本文件旨在为证明人药和兽药无菌工艺有效性申请上报的信息和资料提供指南。