英文小说翻译过程总结
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英译汉翻译心得体会共4篇英译汉翻译心得体会共4篇英译汉翻译心得体会一:英译汉翻译心得我从正式开始学习翻译到现在,不过两年时间。
作为一个年轻的翻译爱好者,我对翻译这门让人时而绝望时而又充满希望的艺术,有着自己最真实的经历与感悟。
在此想借本文与所有翻译新手共勉。
关于英汉互译的研究著作可谓汗牛充栋,各种派别观点层出不穷,让后来者眼花缭乱,却又无从选择。
其实从英译汉的角度来说,究其本质,过程无非就两个步骤:1、准确理解英文原文;2、用地道的中文表达原文的含义。
如何准确理解英文原文我们先来谈谈第一个步骤,如何准确理解英文原文——这一点说白了就是考验译者的阅读理解能力。
如果说在阅读中遇到不认识的单词或词组,译者尚且能够通过查阅字典的方式解决的话,那么英语中繁复多样的句式往往就不是一本字典可以打发的了。
尤其在阅读文学性较强的英语作品时,作者行云流水般的笔触通常都是借助丰富多变的句型来表现的。
这些英语作品与我们日常教科书本中选取的文章相比,往往来得更为艰深难懂。
怎么办?惟一的办法就是从头做起:1、确保自己在学校中或是培训班上接触到的一切阅读材料都能够完全透彻地理解。
千万不要小瞧学校老师为你选择的阅读教材,或许它们所触及的话题不是非常新鲜前卫,或许它们涵盖的内容与你的兴趣爱好相悖。
但是,它们却能在不经意间为你打下阅读基础的坚实栋梁。
2、在学有余力的基础上,可以选择一些英语课外读物来扩充自己的阅读量。
对具体英语读物的选择其实还是有些讲究的。
比如,有些学生对文学类作品很感兴趣,但并不意味着他们在一开始就该选择那些厚得像砖块一样的原版名著来阅读,因为这样做无异于“自杀”。
究其原因,仅其中的生词就足以使阅读者信心全无。
那么,那些有中英文对照的版本是否能称为上佳之选呢?答案依然为否。
因为这极易激发读者的惰性,尤其对阅读量有限的读者来说更是如此。
对此我的建议是,选择那些名著的缩写本,并且是配有详细注释的版本。
在阅读过程中,读者往往很难定位陌生的词组或表达。
小说节选英文带翻译一千字Although Xiang Ling is xue Fu bought the girl, but she does not look down on herself because of her low status. As the saying goes, "Water flows downwards; man struggles upwards." When she saw that all the young ladies in the grand View garden could paint and write poems, she envied her and wanted to learn poetry.When Baochai wanted to take her to the grand View Garden for his company, Xiang Ling laughed and said, "Good girl, take this opportunity to teach me how to write poetry." Baochai laughed at her as a "longwangshu", but this also shows that Xiang Ling is eager to learn poetry.In the Grand View Garden, Xiang Ling was taught by three young poets. The first is Baochai, but Baochai in addition to sarcasm xiangling, did not teach her anything. Baochai thought: I can take you into the grand View garden to give you enough face, but also teach you what poetry! Sometimes Xiang Ling would show Baochai his work, but Baochai would only laugh and say, "This is not good, this is not the way to do it." But she had never taught xiang Linghow to do it.Xiang Ling's second teacher was the young poet Daiyu. Daiyu said, "If you want to write a poem, you will worship me as your teacher. I can teach you in general, though I don't know." Thanks to Daiyu in accordance with their aptitude to teach, coaxing, teaching tireless. Under The patient guidance of Daiyu, Xiang Ling finally wrote a poem in his dream: "An anvil beats thousands of miles of white, and half a round of chickens sing the five more remnants."Xiang Ling's third teacher was the young poet Xiang Yun. When xiang Yun talked with Xiang Ling about poetry, she was full of what she was talking about: the melancholy of Du Department of Works, the elegant of Wei Suzhou, the easiness of Wen Badu and the seclusion of Li Yishan. Baochai was ridiculed as "stay xiangling heart bitter, crazy Xiang cloud words." It's true.It should be said that xiang Ling's three teachers are all talented young poets in the Grand View Garden, and they are the ones who led xiang Ling to the poetry circle of the Grand View Garden. In today's poetry world, there are many teachers like Baochai, but few such as Daiyu and Xiang Yun. What other poets are really tutoringyoung literary scholars like Xiang Ling to learn poetry?One day, Xiang Ling borrowed the Complete Works of Wang Mojie from Daiyu. Back to heng Wu yuan, ignore all matters, only to the lamp read a song. Daiyu never spared anyone who was circled in red. Baochai urged her to sleep several times, but she did not sleep. Baochai saw her so painstakingly, had to let her go.Xiang Ling not only read all the poems requested by Daiyu, but also understood them carefully. She reported to Daiyu: "As far as I can see, the benefits of poetry can not be expressed in words, but they are true to life when I want to express them. Those that seem unreasonable are justified in wanting to go." She also to Wang Mojie's "desert smoke straight, long river falls yen" as an example, said this "straight" word unreasonable, "round" word seems too vulgar. When I close my book, IT's like I saw this. If I asked for two more words for these two, I could not find two more words.On reading the predecessors' famous works, Xiang Ling made full efforts; In the creation, she also actively practice. Daiyu asked Xiang Ling to compose a poem with 14 cold rhymes on the theme of "The Moon". In order to write this poem, Xiangling tea and riceare careless, sitting and lying uneasily. Baochai said: "you were a fool, add this, even more make a fool."After reading Xiang Ling's first novel, Daiyu thought the wording was inelegant and asked her to throw it away and write another one. Hearing this, Xiang Ling came back in silence and did not even enter the house. Instead, he just sat beside the pool under a tree, or sat in a trance on a rock, or squatted on the ground to dig up the soil, to the surprise of people who came and went. Hearing this, Li Wan, Bao Chai, Tanchun and Bao Yu all stood on the hillside from a distance to look at her. Once she frowned, once she smiled to herself. Baochai laughed, "This man must be crazy!"This time, however, Daiyu was still not satisfied. She said, "This one is too rough. We'll have to write another one." So Xiang Ling dug his heart out and searched for courage. One day Tanchun smiled through the window and said, "Miss Ling, do you have something to do?" Xiang Ling replied, "The word 'xian' is deleted at 15. You have the wrong rhyme." Hearing this, the crowd burst out laughing. Baochai way: "can be really poem magic."They scattered, xiang Ling full heart or want to poetry. In theevening, I was preoccupied with the lamp for a while, and went to bed after midnight, my eyes widowed, until the fifth watch before I fell asleep. At dawn, Baochai woke up. After listening, she fell asleep peacefully. She thought to herself, "She has been tossing and turning all night. She is tired, and do not call her." While thinking of this, Xiang Ling laughed and said, "But I have it. Isn't this one good?" Baochai, sighing and laughing, woke her up and asked, "What have you got? You've got the spirit in you. If you can't learn poetry, you'll get sick." Xiang Ling's diligence in learning poetry has reached the point of meng Jiao's "endless night learning xiao, bitter singing ghosts and gods sorrow".Bao Chai said to Bao Yu, "If you could be as diligent as xiang Ling, you can learn nothing."翻译:香菱虽然是薛府买来的丫头,但她并不因自己地位低下而看轻了自己。
《天才少女》英文内容简介心100字带翻译【原创版】目录1.引言:介绍《天才少女》的英文版简介及其重要性2.内容简介:概括《天才少女》的主要内容3.翻译:《天才少女》英文版简介的翻译4.结论:总结《天才少女》英文版简介的价值和意义正文【引言】《天才少女》是一部备受关注的小说,它的英文版简介为读者提供了了解该作品的窗口。
在这个简介中,我们可以看到作品的主题、故事背景和主要角色等关键信息。
这对于那些想阅读或研究这部作品的人来说,是非常有帮助的。
【内容简介】《天才少女》讲述了一个名叫林晓的女孩的故事。
她是一个极具天赋的数学家,被认为是世界上最聪明的人之一。
然而,她的成功并非易事,她必须克服种种困难,包括家庭压力、社会期望和对手挑战等。
在这个过程中,林晓逐渐发现自己的潜力,并最终成为一位真正的天才。
【翻译】"The Gifted" is a novel that has attracted widespread attention.The English synopsis provides readers with a window into understanding the work.In this synopsis, we can see key information such as the theme, background, and main characters of the novel.This is very helpful for those who want to read or study the work."The Gifted" tells the story of a girl named Lin Xiao.She isa highly talented mathematician and is considered one of the smartest people in the world.However, her success is not easy.She must overcome various difficulties, including family pressure, social expectations, and challenges from opponents.In this process, Lin Xiao gradually discovers her potential and ultimately becomes a true genius.【结论】总的来说,《天才少女》英文版简介为读者提供了关于这部作品的丰富信息,使他们能够更好地了解和欣赏这部作品。
英语翻译技巧英译汉步骤英语翻译技巧:英译汉步骤英译汉是运用汉语把英语所表达的思想准确而完整地重新表达出来的语言活动.而英译汉的过程则是正确理解英语原文和创造性地用汉语再现英语原文的过程,在英译汉的过程中,有两点值得我们特别地注意:(1)汉语所要表达的是英语原文的内容, 即句子或文章的意义, 而不是句子结构;(2)在翻译过程中,英语原文的内容要准确而完整地重新表达出来,而不是将两种语言结构进行简单的转换.英译汉的过程包括理解,分析句架表达和校核三个阶段,理解是表达的前提, 若不能正确地理解原文就谈不上确切的表达, 但理解与表达通常是互相联系, 往返反复的过程, 在进行汉语表达的时候,又可以进一步加深对原文的理解,因此, 在英译汉的过程中,往往需要考生从英语到汉语,再从汉语到英语反复的推敲。
一、理解理解阶段的目的在于读懂英语原文,弄清原文的意思。
(1) 通读全文。
通读全文的目的在于从整体上把握整篇文章的内容,理解划线的部分与文章其他部分之间的语法与逻辑关系.一篇好的文章, 其前后的意思都互相关联,具有很强的逻辑性,一个单词或句子只有在具体的上下文中才能体现出确切的含义来, 这就是为什么我们有时看完一本书或一篇文章之后才对上文中的某个难以理解的地方“恍然大悟”.因此,上下文能帮助我们正确的理解划线的部分,通读全文是很重要的。
(2) 分析句子结构.中国的英语学习者往往具有非常好的英语语法知识,在做翻译试题时也应充分发挥和利用这一优势。
在分句子结构时,我们要注意首先把句子的主语、谓语和宾语找出来,这样句子的骨干结构也就清楚了,在分析句子的骨干结构时还应该注意分析句子中成分是否有省略的地方,主句和从句之间的关系是否明确等等。
(3) 理解句子含义。
理解句子的依据除了句子本身之外,还有该句子所处的具体的语言环境。
在此阶段应清楚下列问题: A。
句子中是否含有代词和其他具有指代意义的词,如果有,应根据上下文确定它们指代的内容是什么; B。
目录目录 (i)第一部分英译汉 A Red Sweater翻译实践报告 (1)第二部分英译汉参考文献 (5)第三部分汉译英《华威先生》翻译实践报告 (6)第四部分汉译英参考文献 (9)附录 (10)1、英译汉原文A Red Sweater (10)2、英译汉译文《红毛衣》 (17)3、汉译英原文《华威先生》 (24)4、汉译英译文Mr Hua Wei (29)A Red Sweater翻译实践报告A Report on Translation of A Red Sweater摘要: 在华裔美国文学中,小说家伍慧明的这部《红毛衣》深受众多读者的喜爱,作者通过描写一个家庭中两代人不同的经历,展示了在美国社会中,华人是如何努力争取实现自己的梦想。
作者以独特的角度观察和描写两代人的相同与不同之处,展现美籍华人的心路历程。
该报告基于笔者A Red Sweater的翻译实践,旨在通过提出自己在翻译中遇到的困难及该注意的方面,对其翻译中的问题的处理进行了描述,最后得出一些译文的反思与总结,对原文有了更好的理解的同时进一步地提升自己的译文。
关键词:年轻的一代;年老的一代;美籍华人;美国文化Abstract:In Chinese American literature, A Red Sweater written by the novelist Wu Huimin is popular with readers. The translator shows how Chinese strive to realize their dreams in American society by describing the different experiences of two generations in a family. The translator observes and describes the similarities and differences between the two generations from a unique perspective, and shows the psychological course of Chinese Americans. Based on this translation practice, the report aims to describe the solutions in her translation by proposing the difficulties and she encountered and the aspects she should pay attention to. At last, the translator draws some reflections and summaries of her translation, so as to has a better understanding of the original text and further improve his own translation.Key words: The younger generation, the older generation, Chinese Americans, American culture,1.任务的描述本次翻译的实践内容是一篇英译中的短片小说A Red Sweater《红毛衣》,1一共3860个字符。
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浅析《草房子》英文翻译策略《草房子》是加拿大文学家马克·连恩的代表作之一,该小说曾被译成多种语言,其中包括英文。
小说讲述了一个中国家庭在20世纪50年代的艰辛生活,承载了丰富的文化内涵和社会意义。
本文将从译者的角度分析《草房子》英文翻译的策略,以探究如何在跨文化交流中准确、生动地传递原著的信息。
一、语言翻译策略1. 直译直译是最常见的翻译策略之一,即将原文按照字面意思翻译成目标语言。
在《草房子》的英文翻译中,直译策略主要应用于一些词汇和短语的翻译,例如“草房子”(Grass House)、“胡同”(Hutong)、“酻酒”(Drunkard)等。
这种翻译方式遵循了最基本的语言规则和语义表达,能够准确地传达原文信息。
2. 意译意译指在语言翻译的过程中,将原文的意思转化成目标语言的表达方式。
在《草房子》的英文翻译中,意译策略常常用于对中国文化、传统和风俗的翻译,以免给西方读者造成理解上的障碍。
例如,“开门大吉”(Open the door in to bring good luck),“老天有眼”(Heaven sees all)等。
这种翻译方式通常通过对目标语言文化的理解和对原文表达意图的敏感度来进行,既保留了原有的文化特色,又不失英语的表达风格。
3. 借译借译是指将某些词汇或短语在翻译时,借助目标语言中已有的词汇或短语来翻译。
这种方式常常用于翻译一些具有中国特色、难以翻译的词汇,而基于文化差异,这些词汇在英语中往往没有相应的表达方式。
在《草房子》英文翻译中,借译策略常常应用于对“大妈”(auntie)、“哇塞”(Wow!)等词汇的翻译。
这种翻译方式可以更好地让英语读者理解原文中所传达的信息和文化背景。
文化翻译策略则是基于文化差异的考虑来进行的翻译策略。
这种方式可以使读者更好地理解和接受原文信息。
在《草房子》英文翻译中,文化翻译策略主要体现在以下三个方面:1. 强调中国文化的独特性由于文化差异的存在,原文中有些独特的语言、词汇或表达方式无法通过翻译直接传递。
小说英文翻译There was once a beautiful young girl named Lily who lived in a small village by the woods. She had flowing golden hair, sparkling blue eyes, and a radiant smile that brightened up everyone's day. Lily was known for her kind heart and gentle nature, and she was adored by everyone in the village.One day, as Lily was walking through the woods, she stumbled upon a magical cave hidden behind a waterfall. Curiosity got the best of her, and she decided to venture inside. To her amazement, the cave was filled with shimmering crystals and glowing stones that illuminated the entire cavern.Lily cautiously approached a magnificent crystal embedded deep within the cave. As she touched it, a mysterious voice echoed through the cavern, saying, "Young Lily, I am the guardian of these crystals. Wield their power wisely, for they possess the ability to grant any wish you desire."Lily couldn't believe her ears. She had always dreamed of having the power to change the world and make it a better place. With a determined look in her eyes, she made her wish. "I wish for peace and happiness to fill the hearts of everyone in my village, and for the forest to flourish with life once again."In an instant, the crystals released a bright light, and Lily found herself back at the entrance of the cave. Little did she know that her wish had been granted, and her village was transformed overnight. The once desolate forest was now teeming with life, and smiles replaced frowns on every villager's face.As news of Lily's wish spread throughout the village, people began to come to her for advice and help. She became a beacon of hope and positivity, always ready to assist those in need. Whether it was fixing broken fences or comforting someone in despair, Lily was there with her warm heart and kind words.Years passed, and Lily's fame grew far beyond her village. Her story inspired people from all corners of the world to strive for a better tomorrow. Many traveled to the small village to catch a glimpse of the girl who had brought so much joy and happiness to their lives.Despite her newfound fame, Lily remained humble and never let the attention get to her head. She continued to devote herself to helping others and using the power of the crystals to spread love and compassion wherever she went.Lily's story is a reminder to us all that each one of us has the power to make a difference in the world. It is not the size of the act, but the intention behind it that truly matters. So let us all be like Lily and strive to bring peace and happiness to those around us.。
英语翻译实习心得体会英语翻译实习心得体会1此次翻译实习中,我主要负责翻译的是小说Ifonlytonight里面第四章和第五章的四页内容。
通过这次的翻译实习,我领会到了两点,一是融会贯通的重要性,二是合作的重要性。
首先,翻译是一种语言活动,有是该活动的结果,它是融理论、技能、艺术于一体的语言实践活动。
然而翻译是一项非常艰苦和细致的工作,要做好翻译要求个人的素质非常高,作好专业资料的翻译,需要有外语、母语和专业方面的雄厚的功底,还要有缜密的思维习惯,当然,这是我们这些接触翻译不久的同学来说难度挺大的,但是我们仍能从中收获颇丰。
翻译质量有两个基本标准:第一个标准是符合原文的本来意思,就是要忠实原文,既不能随意增加原文中没有的意思,不能添枝加叶,也不能缺斤短两,随意删减,既要透过字面意思揭示出的本意,又要避免东拉西扯,脱离正题。
这也就是我们所说的“信”;第二个标准是符合中文的表达习惯,也就是所谓的“达”,句子要通顺流畅,不能生造词语和句子,也就是所谓的文笔。
应保证任何业内人士都能够看懂,不能象有的人翻出来后连自己都看不懂。
在此次翻译实习中我们也是领悟到了这点的重要性,大家翻译完后集中在一起,大家互相阅读,找出翻译不通顺或有错误的地方,大家再一起研究、讨论,最终完成整片文章的翻译。
一、翻译中遇见的错误1、脱离上下文,理解错误在汉译英的.时候,由于对篇章内容的整体性没有给予足够的重视,脱离上下文,把这些句子孤立成单个部分来看,导致所翻译的句子与原文所表达的意思有很大的差别。
2、逐字翻译翻译时,通过谷歌或者百度在线查阅一些不懂的字词翻译,把汉语对应的英语词汇搬出来,而没有用英语将原文的真意确实、生动地表达出来。
3、受制于原文词序及原文词量,译句呆板由于英汉两种语言在表达上的差异,句子成分以及词序的排列经常是不同的,如果要翻译成比较流畅合乎汉语表达规范的句子,需要把句子在前后次序上加以调整,有些句子则需要增词或减词以符合文章的原意。
救赎翻译英文小说高中作文英文:Redemption is a concept that has been explored in literature for centuries. It is the idea that one can be saved or forgiven for their past mistakes or sins. In literature, this often takes the form of a character who has done something wrong and spends the rest of the story trying to make up for it.One example of redemption in literature is the character of Jean Valjean in Les Misérables. At the beginning of the novel, Valjean is a convict who has just been released from prison. He is bitter and angry at the world, and his past mistakes have left him with a criminal record that makes it impossible for him to find work or lead a normal life. However, after a chance encounter with a bishop who shows him kindness and forgiveness, Valjean decides to turn his life around. He changes his name, becomes a successful businessman, and spends the rest ofthe novel trying to help others and make up for his past mistakes.Another example of redemption in literature is the character of Amir in The Kite Runner. Amir is a young boy growing up in Afghanistan who betrays his best friend and servant, Hassan. As he grows older, Amir is haunted by his past actions and spends the rest of the novel trying to make up for them. He returns to Afghanistan and rescues Hassan's son, Sohrab, from the Taliban, risking his own life to do so.In both of these examples, redemption is achieved through acts of kindness and selflessness. The characters are able to make up for their past mistakes by helping others and putting the needs of others before their own.中文:救赎是一个在文学中被探讨了数百年的概念。
玛丽安静地坐着,看着英俊的男人的腿掉下来;在那炽热的夜晚,大船开始崩溃,破碎成小块,她进一步注视着。
当男人和男人的部分漂浮时,她有些烦躁。
梦through以求的残骸陷入了可怕的寂静中,当陨石降临在人们身上时,他们在所有东西上挖洞,撕裂了肉,撕开了骨头,玛丽闭上了眼睛。
“母亲。
”库伯勒太太从她的杂志上瞥了一眼。
“唔?”“我们必须等待更长的时间吗?”“我不这么认为。
为什么?”玛丽什么都没说,只是看着正在移动的墙。
“哦这个。
”库伯尔夫人笑了起来[6]并摇了摇头。
“那旧事累了。
像我一样,读一本杂志,玛丽。
我们都已经看过一百万遍了。
“一定要开,妈妈?”“好吧,似乎没人在看。
我不认为医生会介意我关掉它。
”库伯勒太太从沙发上站起来,走到墙上。
她按下了一个小按钮,生命从墙上消失了,忽隐忽现。
玛丽睁开眼睛。
库伯勒夫人对坐在她旁边的一个女人说:``说实话,你会以为他们会尝试其他的东西。
我们不妨去博物馆观看火星的第一次降落。
马约拉卡灾难真的!”该名女子回答时并没有分散杂志页面的视线。
“这是医生的主意。
心理上。
”Cuberle夫人张开嘴,明知地上下移动头。
“哦。
我应该知道是有原因的。
不过,谁在看呢?”“孩子们做。
使他们思考,使他们感恩或其他。
”“哦。
”“心理。
”玛丽拿起一本杂志,翻阅着书页。
所有男人和女人的照片。
女人喜欢母亲,也喜欢房间里的其他人。
苗条,古铜色,身材匀称,美丽的女人;和男人的大肌肉和闪亮的头发。
女人和男人看起来都一样,都完美而美丽。
她折叠了杂志,想知道如何回答所要提出的问题。
“母亲”“亲爱的,现在是什么!你不能坐一分钟吗?”“但是我们已经来这里三个小时了。
”Cuberle夫人闻了闻。
“我真的必须吗?”“现在别傻了,玛丽。
在你告诉我这些可怕的事情之后,你当然会做。
”一位穿着透明白色制服的皮肤黝黑的女人走进接待室。
“Cuberle。
ZenaCuberle夫人?”“是的。
”“医生会再见。
”库伯雷太太握住玛丽的手,他们沿着长廊走到护士的身后。
⽆忧考英⽂写作翻译频道为⼤家整理的《傲慢与偏见》名著英⽂翻译解析,供⼤家参考:)《傲慢与偏见》内容简介:⼩说讲述了Bennet⼀家五位千⾦的婚姻与爱情,表达了婚姻必须建⽴在爱情和经济两个基础上的婚姻观。
傲慢⽽深情的达西先⽣成为⼩说塑造的⼀个经典形象。
简奥斯丁的语⾔简练⽽幽默,反复品味,趣味⽆穷。
【翻译例句】Your father would depend on your resolution and good conduct, I am sure. You must not disappoint your father.我知道你⽗亲信任你品⾏好,⼜有决断,你切不可叫他失望。
resolution:1.决⼼;决定【例】They made a resolution to lose all the weight gained during the Christmas period.他们下定决⼼要减去圣诞期间增加的体重。
2.(会议等的)正式决定,决议【例】He replied that the UN had passed two major resolutions calling for a complete withdrawal.他答复说联合国已经通过了两项号召全⾯撤军的重要决议。
joint resolution 上下两议院的共同决议案(经总统批准即成为法律)3 .解决;解答;解除【例】The lawyer's advice led to the resolution of this difficult problem.律师的劝告帮助解决了这个难题。
4.坚定,刚毅,果断⼒【例】They made an objection to the imperial system with resolution.他们坚决反对帝制。
5. 分解6.分辨率vertical resolution 垂直分辨率;垂直分解high resolution ⾼分辨;⾼分辨率【词源】resolvev.1.解决;解答;消除(疑惑等)【例】We must find a way to resolve these problems before it's too late.我们必须及时找到解决这些问题的⽅法。
作文推荐英文小说带翻译Certainly! Here's a recommendation for an English novel along with its translation:Novel: "To Kill a Mockingbird" by Harper Lee。
"To Kill a Mockingbird" is a classic American novelthat explores themes of racial injustice, moral growth, and the loss of innocence in the American South during the 1930s. The story is narrated by Scout Finch, a young girl growing up in the fictional town of Maycomb, Alabama. Through her eyes, we witness her father, Atticus Finch, defending Tom Robinson, a black man falsely accused of raping a white woman. The novel delves into the complexities of society, prejudice, and empathy.这本书以斯考特·芬奇的视角展示了一位年幼女孩在美国南方的虚构小镇梅科姆成长过程中所面临的挑战。
故事的背景设置在1930年代的美国南方,探讨了种族不公、道德成长以及童年天真的消逝等主题。
通过斯考特的叙述,我们见证了她的父亲阿蒂克斯·芬奇为汤姆·罗宾逊辩护的过程,汤姆是一位被错误指控强奸白人女性的黑人男子。
“艾菲!你到底在干什么?”她丈夫的声音刺破了她狂喜的心情,使她的心脏像猫一样跳动,但由于女性自我控制的奇迹,她的身体没有出现震颤。
亲爱的上帝,她想,他一定不要看到它。
它是如此美丽,他总是杀死美丽。
她无精打采地说:“我只是看着月亮。
它是绿色的。
”一定不要,一定不要看到它。
而现在,幸运的是,他不会。
因为好像脸也听到并感觉到了声音中的威胁,他的脸正从窗户的光芒移回黑暗中,但是那是缓慢的,勉强的,仍然像妖精一样。
,恳求,哄骗,诱人和令人难以置信的美丽。
“马上关上百叶窗,你这个小傻瓜,然后离开窗户!”她梦dream以求地说道:“绿色如啤酒瓶,绿色如翡翠,绿色如树叶,阳光照耀着它们,绿草如茵。
”她忍不住说了那些最后的话。
即使听不见,它们也是她的表情。
“艾菲!”她知道最后一声是什么意思。
她疲倦地转过身,关闭了繁琐的铅制内百叶窗,将沉重的螺栓赶回家。
那伤了她的手指;它总是如此,但他一定不知道这一点。
“你知道不要碰那些百叶窗!至少还要五年!”她说:``我只想看月亮,转过身来,然后一切都消失了-脸上,夜晚,月亮,魔法......而她又回到了肮脏,陈旧的小洞里,面对一个生气,陈旧的小男人。
那时,空调风扇的永恒响声和过滤掉灰尘的静电除尘器的crack啪声再次像牙医的咬牙一样达到了她的意识。
“只想看看月亮!”他用假话模仿了她。
“只想像个傻瓜一样死去,让我更加为你感到羞耻!”然后他的声音变得嘶哑而专业。
“在这里,算你自己。
”她默默地拿起他与手臂保持距离的Geiger计数器,等到它稳定下来直到比时钟慢一点的滴答声时-由于宇宙射线并且没有任何危险,然后才开始用仪器梳理自己的身体。
首先,她的头和肩膀,然后是手臂,然后是身体的下侧,尽管她的特征是灰色和下垂的,但她的动作还是有些奇怪。
直到她来到腰间时,滴答声才改变了节奏。
然后突然爆发,点击越来越快。
丈夫激动地咕gr一声,向前迈了一步,僵住了。
她恐惧中凝视了一下,然后愚蠢地笑了起来,挖进了她肮脏的围裙的口袋,内地掏出了一只手表。
文学作品中英文对照外文翻译文献
本文旨在汇总文学作品中的英文和中文对照外文翻译文献,共有以下几篇:
1. 《傲慢与偏见》
翻译:英文原版名为“Pride and Prejudice”,中文版由钱钟书翻译。
该小说是英国作家简.奥斯汀的代表作之一,描绘了19世纪英国中上层社会的生活和爱情故事。
2. 《了不起的盖茨比》
翻译:英文原版名为“The Great Gatsby”,中文版由杨绛翻译。
小说主要讲述了一个居住在纽约长岛的年轻白领盖茨比为了追求他的旧爱黛西而付出的努力,是20世纪美国文学的经典之作。
3. 《麦田里的守望者》
翻译:英文原版名为“The Catcher in the Rye”,中文版由施蛰存翻译。
该小说主人公霍尔顿是美国现代文学中最为知名的反英雄形象之一,作品深刻地揭示了青少年内心的孤独和矛盾。
4. 《1984》
翻译:英文原版名为“1984”,中文版由李敬瑞翻译。
该小说是英国作家乔治.奥威尔的代表作之一,描绘了一个虚构的极权主义社会。
以上是部分文学作品的中英文对照外文翻译文献,可以帮助读者更好地理解和学习相关文学作品。
I will never forget my old friends, and Iu2019ll keep making new friends. I will not be cold and indifferent to my poor friends, and I will show concern for them, even if it is only a comforting word.我决不会忘记老朋友,同时我也会继续结交新朋友我对穷朋友绝不冷漠,而是会关心他们,哪怕只是一句安慰的话Mirror, Mirror What do I See?镜子,镜子,告诉我A loving person lives in a loving world. A hostile person lives in a hostile world. Everyone you meet is your mirror.充满爱意人的生活在充满爱意的世界里,充满敌意的人则生活在充满敌意的世界里你所遇到的每一个人都是你的镜子Mirrors have a very particular function. They reflect the image in front of them. Just as a physical mirror serves as the vehicle to reflection, so do all of the people in our lives.镜子里有一个非常独特的功能,那就是映射出在其前面的影像就像真正的镜子具有反射功能一样,我们生活中的所有人也都能映射出他人的影子When we see something beautiful such as a flower garden, that garden serves as a reflection. In order to see the beauty in front of us, we must be able to see the beauty inside of ourselves. When we love someone, it's a reflection of loving ourselves. When we love someone, it's a reflection of loving ourselves. We have often heard things like "I love how I am when I'm with that person." That simply translates into "I'm able to love me when I love that other person." Oftentimes, when we meet someone new, we feel as though we "click". Sometimes it's as if we've known each other for a long time. That feeling can come from sharing similarities. 当我们看到美丽的事物时,例如一座花园,那这花园就起到了反射作用为了发现我们面前美好的事物,我们必须能发现在自己内在的美我们爱某个人,也正是我们爱自己的表现我们经常听到这样的话:当我和那个人在一起的时候,我爱那时的自己这句话也可以简单地说成:在我爱那个人的同时,我也能爱我自己有时,我们遇见一个陌生人,感觉仿佛是一见如故,就好像我们已经相识甚久这种熟悉感可能来自于彼此身上的共同点Just as the "mirror" or other person can be a positive reflection, it is more likely that we'll notice it when it has a negative connotation. For example, it's easy to remember times when we have met someone we're not particularly crazy about. We may have some criticism in our mind about the person. This is especially true when we get to know someone with whom we would rather spend less time.就像镜子或他人能映射出我们积极的一面一样,我们更有可能注意到映射出自己消极方面的镜子例如,我们很容易就能记住我们碰到自己不太喜欢的人的时刻我们可能在心里对那个人有些反感当我们认识自己不喜欢与之相处的人时,这种情况就更为明显Frequently, when we dislike qualities in other people, ironically, it's usually the mirror that's speaking to us.具有讽刺意味着的是,通常当我们讨厌别人身上的某些特质时,那就说明你其实讨厌自己身上相类似的特质I began questioning myself further each time I encountered someone that I didn't particularly like. Each time, I asked myself, "What is it about that person that I don't like?" and then "Is there something similar in me?" in every instance, I could see a piece of that quality in me, and sometimes I had to really get very introspective. So what did that mean?每次,当我遇到不太喜欢的人时,我就开始进一步质问自己我会扪心自问:我不喜欢那个人的哪些方面?然后还会问:我是不是有和他相似的地方?每次,我都能在自己身上看到一些令我厌恶的特质我有时不得不深刻地反省自己那这意味着什么呢?It means that just as I can get annoyed or disturbed when I notice that aspect in someone else, I better reexamine my qualities and consider making some changes. Even if I'm not willing to make a drastic change, at least I consider how I might modifysome of the things that I'm doing.这意味着,就像我会对其他人身上令我厌恶的特质感到恼怒或不安一样,我应该更好地重新审视自己的特质,并考虑做一些改变即使我不想做大的改变,至少我会考虑该如何修正自己正在做的一些事情At times we meet someone new and feel distant, disconnected, or disgusted. Although we don't want to believe it, and it's not easy or desirable to look further, it can be a great learning lesson to figure out what part of the person is being reflected in you. It's simply just another way to create more self-awareness.我们时常会遇到陌生人,并感到疏远或厌恶尽管我们不想去相信,不容易也不想去深究,但是弄清楚别人的哪些特质在自己身上有所体现是非常有意义的一课,这也正是增强自我意识的另一个途径股神巴菲特在美国东部时间17日确诊患前列腺癌,以下为巴菲特致伯克希尔-哈撒韦股东的信This is to let you know that I have been diagnosed with stage I prostate cancer. The good news is that Iu2019ve been told by my doctors that my condition is not remotely life-threatening or even debilitating in any meaningful way. I received my diagnosis last Wednesday. I then had a CAT scan and a bone scan on Thursday, followed by an MRI today. These tests showed no incidence of cancer elsewhere in my body.在此告知各位我已被诊断患一期前列腺癌症好消息是医生告知我的病情远不危及生命,甚至不会显著影响身体机能上周三我接受了诊断,周四做了CAT扫描和骨扫描,今天(周三)做了核磁共振这些检查均未显示身体其余部分患癌My doctors and I have decided on a two-month treatment of daily radiation to begin in mid-July. This regimen will restrict my travel during that period, but will not otherwise change my daily routine.医生和我本人决定,从7月中旬开始进行为期两个月的每日放疗在此期间我的出行将受到限制,但日常工作不会发生变化I feel great as if I were in my normal excellent health and my energy level is 100 percent. I discovered the cancer because my PSA level (an indicator my doctors had regularly checked for many years) recently jumped beyond its normal elevationand a biopsy seemed warranted.我感觉良好仿佛处于正常的良好健康状态中我的精力十分充沛我发现自己患癌,是因为前列腺特异性抗原(PSA,多年来我的大夫做例行检查的一项指标)水平近来远超正常水平,活检似乎得到确认I will let shareholders know immediately should my health situation change. Eventually, of course, it will; but I believe that day is a long way off.如果病情发生变化,我将立刻通知各位股东当然,那一天终将到来,但我相信离那一天还挺远Everyone wants to succeed. But what would you do if you failed? Many people may choose to give up. However, the surest way to success is to keep your direction and stick to your goal.每个人都想成功但是如果失败了你会怎么做?很多人可能会选择放弃然而,要想成功,最可靠的方法就是坚持你的方向和目标On your way to success, you must keep your direction. Direction is just like a lamp, guiding you in darkness and helping you overcome obstacles on your way. Otherwise, you will easily get lost or hesitate to go ahead.在通往成功的路上,你必须坚持你的方向它就像一盏明灯,在黑暗中为你指路,帮助你度过难关否则,你很容易就会迷失方向或犹豫不前Direction means objectives. You can get nowhere without an objective in life. 方向意味着目标人生没有目标,将会一事无成You can try to write your objective on paper and make some plans to achieve it. In this way, you will know how to arrange your time and how to spend your time properly. And you should also have a belief that you are sure to succeed as long as you keep your direction all the time.你可以试着把你的目标写在纸上,并制订实现目标的计划这样,你就会懂得如何合理安排时间,如何正确支配时间而且你还要有这样的信念:只要你一直坚持自己的方向,你就一定可以成功1. It hurts to love someone and not be loved in return, but what is more painful is to love someone and never find the courage to let that person know you feel. 1. 爱一个人却得不到爱的回报是令人伤心的更痛苦的是,爱上一个人却没有勇气让这个人知道你的感受2. Maybe God wants us to meet a few wrong people before meeting the right one so that when we finally meet the right person, we will know how to be grateful for that gift.2. 也许上帝希望我们在邂逅合适的人之前先遇到一些不合适的人,这样当我们遇到合适的人时,我们就知道对这份礼物心怀感激了3. Love is when you take away the feeling, the passion, and the romance in a relationship and find out you still care for that person.3. 爱是当你抽离了感情、激情和浪漫后,却发觉你依然关注着那个人4. A sad thing in life is when you meet someone who means a lot to you, only to find out in the end that it was never meant to be and you just have to let go. 4. 生命中的悲哀莫过于遇到了一个对你来说很重要的人,却最终发现错于无缘,终究不得不放弃5. When the door of happiness closes, another opens, but often times we look so long at the closed door that we don't see the one which has been opened for us. 5. 当幸福的一扇门关闭时,另一扇门便会敞开,但是因为我们通常都凝视着那扇紧闭的门太久了,却没注意到另一扇门已经为我们敞开6. The best kind of friend is the kind you can sit on a porch , never say a word, and then walk away feeling like it was the best conversion you've ever had.6. 最好的朋友即使只是同你一起坐在门廊前默默地打秋千,然后离开,也会让你感受到那是你有过的最好的交谈7. It's true that we don't know what we've got until we lose it, but it's also true that we don't know what we've been missing until it arrives.7. 事实上直到失去的时候,我们才知道自己曾拥有过什么,但另一个事实是,只有等到出现时,我们才知道自己所盼望的是什么8. Giving someone all your love is never an assurance that they'll love you back! Don't expect love in return, just wait for it to grow in their heart but , be content it grew in yours.8. 将你全部的爱都给予一个人,并不能保证别人会回报以爱!不要期待着爱的回报,仅仅等待爱在心中成长.9. There are things you'd love to hear that you would never hear from the person whom you would like to hear them from, but don't be so deaf as not to hear it from the one who says it from his heart.9. 也许你喜欢的人没有从口中说出那些你爱听的话,但是对他的肺腑之言你却不要充耳不闻10. Never say good-eye if you still want to try. Never give up if you still feel you can go on. Never say you don't love a person any more if you can't let go. 10. 如果还想努力,你就别说再见如果仍想继续,你就别轻易放弃如果不能放弃,你就别说再也不爱他11. Love comes to those who still hope although they've been disappointed; to those who still believe, although they've been betrayed; to those who still need to love, although they've been hurt before; and to those who have the courage and faith to build trust again.11. 爱青睐那些虽然曾经失望但仍然满怀希望的人;青睐那些虽然被背叛但依然充满信心的人;青睐那些虽然曾经受过伤害但仍旧需要关爱的人;青睐那些有勇气和信念重塑信任的人12. It takes only a minute to get a crush on someone, an hour to like someone, anda day to love someone but it takes a lifetime to forget someone.12. 迷上一个人只需一分钟,喜欢上一个人需要一小时,爱上一个人需要一天,但是忘记一个人却需要一辈子13. Don't go for looks; they can deceive. Don't go for wealth; even that fades away. Go for someone who makes you smile because it takes only a smile to make a dark day seem bright.13. 不要追求外表,它们具有欺骗性;不要追求财富,它最终也会消亡寻找使你欢笑的那个人吧!因为仅仅一个微笑就会使黑暗变得光明14. Dream what you want-to dream; go where you want to go; be what you want to be, because you have only one life and one chance to do all the things you want to do.14. 梦着你的梦想,去你想去的地方,做你想做的人吧!因为你只有一生和一个机会去做所有你想做的是事情15. May you have enough happiness to make you sweet, enough trials to make you strong, enough sorrow to keep you human, and enough hope to make you happy.15. 你可能已经拥有了足够多的幸福让你感到甜蜜,有足够多的磨难让你变得更坚强,有足够多的悲哀让你更富有同情心,有足够多的希望让你更享快乐16. The beginnings of love is to let those we love be just themselves, and not twist them with our own image-otherwise, we love only the reflection of ourselves we find in them.16. 爱之初,让我们所爱的人保持他们的本色,不要把他们强扭成我们设想的模样,否则我们所爱的仅仅是我们在他们身上的影子My dear daughter: You are a wonderful person and your mother and I think the world of you. It will not be long before you leave home to make your way in the world. Can I please give you some friendly advice? Here are some things that you should never do.你是了不起的人,我和妈妈非常爱你你离开家走上社会的日子不远了我可以给你一些善意的建议吗?这是几个你绝不能做的事情1. Never Get Obsessed with your Appearance.1. 绝不要为自己的外貌而烦恼We think you look great (though some of the outfits you wear worry us!). Please be happy with the person you are and the body you have. Eat sensibly, take exercise and be healthy. You look fine.我们认为你长得很美(尽管你穿的某些时装令我们担忧!)你就是你,不要为自己的外貌烦恼要合理膳食,多做运动,保持健康有些女孩子为减肥或塑造完美的身材而烦恼但你已经很好了2. Never Get Involved with a Married Man.2. 绝不要和已婚男人纠缠不清There are plenty of great single men out there. Don't get entangled with a married man no matter how attractive he isit will end in your tears.外面有许多优秀的单身男人不要和已婚男人搅在一起,不管他多么有魅力不然你就等着以泪洗面吧3. Never Compromise Your Personal Safety.3. 绝不要危及个人安全Never put yourself at serious risk. This means that you cannot trust people until you really know them and that sometimes you have to avoid things that look like they might be fun. Never get drunk or take drugs. Unfortunately there are some malevolent people out there and it is best not to take undue risks.绝不要让自己处于危险的境地就是说,不要相信还不真正了解的人,有时还要回避看似有趣的活动绝不要酗酒或吸毒不幸的是,这个社会总还是有不好的人,所以最好不要过度冒险4. Never Live Beyond Your Means.4. 生活费用绝不要超支Throughout life try to keep your spending within your income and so save a little. Avoid getting into debt if possible. There are some exceptionslike getting a mortgage to buy a housebut generally if you can live within your means you will avoid all sorts of problems.生活上要努力保持收支平衡,所以应该存点钱在可能的情况下避免负债当然可以有些例外如抵押贷款买房子但是总的来说,如果你能保持收支平衡就能避免各种麻烦5. Never Despise Yourself.5. 绝不要看不起自己You are great and capable of achieving great things so believe in yourself. When things go badly, never stop believing. Some girls get depressed, blame themselves and lose self-esteem. All sorts of problems can follow.你很优秀,也有能力获得美好的前程,因此要相信自己身处逆境的时候也绝不放弃有些女孩子会因此消沉下去,怪罪自己,从而失去自尊那样一来,各种问题都会随之而来6. Never Give Less Than Your Best. 永远尽力而为We are very proud of what you have accomplished so far. You should be proud too. Keep doing well. Keep trying your hardest at everything you do. No one can ask for more than that.6. 我们为你已取得的成就感到骄傲,你也应该感到自豪继续好好干继续在任何事上都尽最大努力没人能要求更多了7. Never Forget that Your Parents Love You.绝不要忘记你的父母爱你7. Whatever happens in life, your family will still be your family. Whatever difficulties you encounter you can always talk to us and we will try to help. We are here for you.生活中无论发生了什么,家始终是你的家无论你遇到什么困难,你都可以告诉家人,家人会尽力帮助你,他们是你永远的坚强后盾A man and his girlfriend were married. It was a large celebration.一个男人和他的女朋友结婚,举行了一场盛大的结婚庆典All of their friends and family came to see the lovely ceremony and to partake ofthe festivities and celebrations. All had a wonderful time.所有的朋友和家人都来到结婚典礼上参加欢宴和庆祝活动大家都过得很开心The bride was gorgeous in her white wedding gown and the groom was very dashing in his black tuxedo. Everyone could tell that the love they had for each other was true.穿着白色婚纱的新娘漂亮迷人,穿着黑色礼服的新郎英俊潇洒每个人都能看出他们彼此的爱是真诚的A few months later, the wife came to the husband with a proposal, "I read in a magazine, a while ago, about how we can strengthen our marriage," she offered. "Each of us will write a list of the things that we find a bit annoying with the other person. Then, we can talk about how we can fix them together and make our lives happier together."几个月后,妻子走近丈夫提议说:我刚才在杂志上看到一篇文章,说的是怎样巩固婚姻她说:我们两个人都各自把对方的小毛病列在一张纸上,然后我们商量一下怎样解决,以便使我们的生活更幸福The husband agreed. So each of them went to a separate room in the house and thought of the things that annoyed them about the other. They thought about this question for the rest of the day and wrote down what they came up with.丈夫同意了于是他们各自走向不同的房间去想对方的缺点那一天余下的时间里,他们都在思考这个问题,并且把他们想到的都写下来The next morning, at the breakfast table, they decided that they would go over their lists.第二天早上,吃早饭的时候,他们决定谈谈彼此的缺点"I'll start," offered the wife. She took out her list. It had many items on it, enough to fill 3 pages. In fact, as she started reading the list of the little annoyances, she noticed that tears were starting to appear in her husband's eyes.我先开始吧妻子说她拿出她的单子,上面列举了很多条,事实上,足足写满了三页当她开始念的时候,她注意到丈夫眼里含着泪花"What's wrong?" she asked. "Nothing," the husband replied, "keep reading your list."怎么啦?她问没什么,丈夫答道,继续念吧The wife continued to read until she had read all three pages to her husband. She neatly placed her list on the table and folded her hands over the top of it.妻子又接着念整整三页都念完之后她把单子整齐地放在桌上,两手交叉放在上面"Now, you read your list and then we'll talk about the things on both of our lists," she said happily.现在该你念了,然后我们谈谈所列举的缺点她高兴地说Quietly the husband stated, "I don't have anything on my list. I think that you are perfect the way that you are. I don't want you to change anything for me. You are lovely and wonderful and I wouldn't want to try and change anything about you."丈夫平静地说:我什么也没写,我觉得像你这样就很完美了,我不想让你为我改变什么你很可爱迷人,我不想让你改变The wife, touched by his honesty and the depth of his love for her and his acceptance of her, turned her head and wept.妻子被丈夫的诚实和对她深深的爱和接纳感动了,她转过头去哭起来In life, there are enough times when we are disappointed, depressed and annoyed. We don't really have to go looking for them. We have a wonderful world that is full of beauty, light and promise. Why waste time in this world looking for the bad, disappointing or annoying when we can look around us, and see the wondrous things before us?生命中我们有很多的失望、沮丧和烦恼,我们根本不需要寻找我们美妙的世界充满了美丽、光明、希望但是,当我们放眼四周时,为什么浪费时间寻找不快、失望和烦恼,而看不到我们面前的美好事物呢?If your life feels like it is lacking the power that you want and the motivation that you need, sometimes all you have to do is shift your point of view.如果你觉得心有余力不足,觉得缺乏前进的动力,有时候你只需要改变思维的角度By training your thoughts to concentrate on the bright side of things, you are more likely to have the incentive to follow through on your goals. You are less likely to be held back by negative ideas that might limit your performance.试着训练自己的思想朝好的一面看,这样你就会汲取实现目标的动力,而不会因为消极沉沦停滞不前Your life can be enhanced, and your happiness enriched, when you choose to change your perspective. Don't leave your future to chance, or wait for things to get better mysteriously on their own. You must go in the direction of your hopes and aspirations. Begin to build your confidence, and work through problems rather than avoid them. Remember that power is not necessarily control over situations, but the ability to deal with whatever comes your way.一旦变换看问题的角度,你的生活会豁然开朗,幸福快乐会接踵而来别交出掌握命运的主动权,也别指望局面会不可思议的好转你必须与内心希望与热情步调一致建立自信,敢于与困难短兵相接,而非绕道而行记住,力量不是驾驭局势的法宝,无坚不摧的能力才是最重要的Always believe that good things are possible, and remember that mistakes can be lessons that lead to discoveries. Take your fear and transform it into trust; learn to rise above anxiety and doubt. Turn your "worry hours" into "productive hours". Take the energy that you have wasted and direct it toward every worthwhile effort that you can be involved in. You will see beautiful things happen when you allow yourself to experience the joys of life. You will find happiness when you addopt positive thinking into your daily routine and make it an important part of your world.请坚信,美好的降临并非不可能,失误也许是成功的前奏将惶恐化作信任,学会超越担忧和疑虑让诚惶诚恐的时光变得富有成效不要挥霍浪费精力,将它投到有意义的事情中去当你下意识品尝生命的欢愉时,美好就会出现当你积极地看待生活,并以此作为你的日常准则时,你就会找到快乐的真谛If you can keep your head when all about you,如果所有人都失去理智,咒骂你,Are losing theirs and blaming it on you;你仍能保持头脑清醒;If you can trust yourself when all men doubt you,如果所有人都怀疑你,But make allowance for their doubting too;你仍能坚信自己,让所有的怀疑动摇;If you can wait and not be tired by waiting,如果你要等待,不要因此厌烦,Or, being lied about,don't deal in lies,为人所骗,不要因此骗人,Or, being hated, don't give way to hating,为人所恨,不要因此抱恨,And yet don't look too good, nor talk too wise;不要太乐观,不要自以为是;If you can dream and not make dreams your master;如果你是个追梦人不要被梦主宰;If you can think and not make thoughts your aim;如果你是个爱思考的人光想会达不到目标;If you can meet with triumph and disaster.如果你遇到骄傲和挫折And treat those two impostors just the same;把两者当骗子看待;If you can bear to hear the truth you've spoken如果你能忍受,你曾讲过的事实Twiseted by knaves to make a trap for fools,被恶棍扭曲,用于蒙骗傻子;Or watch the things you gave your life to broken,看着你用毕生去看护的东西被破坏,And stoop and build 'em up with wornout tools;然后俯身,用破烂的工具把它修补;If you can make one heap of all your winnings如果在你赢得无数桂冠之后And risk it on one turn of pitch-and-toss,突遇颠峰下跌之险,And lose, and start again at your beginnings失败过后,东山再起,And never breathe a word about your loss;不要抱怨你的失败;If you can force your heart and nerve and sinew如果你能迫使自己,To serve your turn long after they are gone,在别人走后,长久坚守阵地,And so hold on when there is nothin in you在你心中已空荡荡无一物Except the Will which says to them:"Hold on!";只有意志告诉你坚持!;If you can talk with crowds and keep your virtue,如果你与人交谈,能保持风度,Or walk with Kings nor lose the common touch;伴王行走,能保持距离;If neither foes nor loving friends can hurt you;如果仇敌和好友都不害你;If all men count with you, but none too much;如果所有人都指望你,却无人全心全意;If you can fill the unforgiving minute如果你花六十秒进行短程跑,With sixty second' worth of distance run 填满那不可饶恕的一分钟Yours is the Earth and everything that's in it,你就可以拥有一个世界,And which is more you'll be a Man my son!更重要的是,孩子,你是个顶天立地的人Let's face it. We all fail. 人人都有失败,不如坦然面对As we go through life we have relationships that don't work out, jobs that just aren't right, exams that we flunk, initiatives that don't succeed. The more new things we try the more failures we are likely to have. In fact, the only way to avoid failure is to do nothing new.这一生,我们总会遇到纠缠不清的人际关系、不甚满意的工作、未通过的考试,或者不曾实现的计划尝试越多,挫折也越多除非什么都不干,否则难免遭受打击The important thing is how we deal with failure. It can be part of a downward slide in which lack of confidence reinforces feelings of inadequacy and incompetence. But experiencing failure can be a learning experience and an opportunity for a fresh start.A good way to begin this process is by asking yoruself some tough questions.关键是我们如何面对失败人走下坡路,往往会自卑,感到无能为力但失败也是吸取教训、重新开始的机会要重新开始,最好认真思考下面几个问题1.What can I learn from this?我从失败中学到了什么?Take responsibility for what went wrong. OK, so it was not all your fault but some of it was. Successful people don't make excuses or blame others. They take ownership of the issues. Be critical but constructive. Try to look at the experience objectively. Make a list of the key things that happened. Analyze the list step-by-step and look for the learning points.为所犯的错承担责任的确,失败并非完全你的错,但你也确实在责难逃吧成功的人从来不为失败找借口或抱怨他人,而是坦然承担责任所以,试着客观看待挫折,列出清单,一步一步认真总结才好2. What could I have done differently? 如果重来一次会不会有不同的处理方式?What other options did you have? What choices did you make? How could you have handled it differently? With the benefit of hindsight, what different steps would you have taken?当初是否还有其他途径?可否换一种方式处理?后见之明或许能让你发现原来还有别的方法解决问题Do I need to acquire or improve some skills?我的能力是否亟待提高?Did the problem reveal some lack of skill on your part? How could you learn or improve those skills? Perhaps there are books or courses or people you could turn to. Make a self-development plan to acquire the skills and experiences you need. 挫折是否也代表你能力不足呢?该怎样弥补?或许,你可以读书、上课或向人请教制定计划,努力提高自己的能力吧4. Who can I learn from?我能向谁学习?Is there someone to whom you can turn to for advice? Did a boss, colleague or a friend see what happened? If they are constructive and supportive then ask them for some。
《《长安的荔枝》(1-2章)汉英翻译实践报告》篇一《长安的荔枝》英译实践报告一、引言本篇报告主要聚焦于将《长安的荔枝》一书的首两章内容,进行详细的英译实践并作出总结分析。
该作品作为一部中国古典文学的佳作,以其独特的文化背景和故事情节吸引了众多读者。
本报告旨在通过英译实践,让更多外国读者了解并欣赏这部作品,同时探讨在翻译过程中遇到的问题和解决方案。
二、原文简介《长安的荔枝》是当代中国作家XXX的一部历史小说,讲述了在唐朝长安城发生的一系列引人入胜的故事。
作品以细腻的笔触描绘了当时的社会风貌,展现了人性的善恶美丑。
本报告选取该书的前两章作为翻译实践对象,这两章内容主要描绘了长安城的繁华景象和主人公的命运转折。
三、翻译过程在翻译过程中,首先对原文进行了深入理解,把握了作品的主题、情感和语言特点。
其次,针对文化背景差异,进行了大量的背景调查和资料收集,以确保翻译的准确性。
在具体翻译过程中,注重传达原文的情感和意境,力求使译文在语言上贴近原文,同时保证流畅易懂。
对于一些难以直译的词汇和表达方式,采用了意译和增译等翻译技巧进行处理。
四、翻译案例分析以下是《长安的荔枝》前两章中的几个翻译案例:案例一:原文中的“长安城的繁华景象”在翻译时,为了传达出原文所蕴含的意境,采用了意译的方法,翻译为“The bustling scene of the capital city of Chang'an”。
案例二:在翻译一些具有文化特色的词汇时,如“荔枝宴”、“胭脂扣”等,通过查阅相关资料和背景知识,采用了音译加注的方法进行处理,以保留原文的文化特色。
五、总结通过本次英译实践,深刻认识到翻译的复杂性和挑战性。
在《长安的荔枝》一书的翻译过程中,既要准确传达原文的意义和情感,又要考虑到译文的文化背景和语言习惯。
针对不同的情况,采取了多种翻译技巧和方法进行处理。
同时,也深刻体会到文化交流的重要性,希望通过本次翻译实践,让更多外国读者了解中国古典文学的魅力。
英文小说翻译过程总结【摘要】本文通过运用所学的关于翻译过程的理论,以及借用阐释哲学的观点,选取了一些典型例子,对选文的翻译过程进行了探讨,包括对各语言单位的处理以及英汉两种语言文化的处理。
【关键词】乡土文学;视域融合;增词;意译这段文章节选自美国乡土女作家萨拉·奥恩·朱厄特的最杰出的小说《尖尖的枞树之乡》的第二十章。
萨拉(1849—1909)生活于19世纪末20世纪初的美国新英格兰地区。
当时美国刚从内战中恢复过来,正忙于向西部扩张,同时也正全力发展其工业,旧的生活方式和生产方式正逐步地被入侵,慢慢地走向消亡。
萨拉由于从小跟随行医的父亲到处行走,逐渐培养起了对大自然的喜爱。
她用女性细腻的笔触描写了美国工业化进程中那些边缘人群的生活,带有浓厚的乡土文学色彩。
时代在不断地变化,但是那些老的人和事却依然让人感动。
本文背景设置在缅因州。
缅因州位于著名风景区新英格兰,南临浩瀚的大西洋,西接新罕布什尔州,向东是加拿大的纽布伦斯维克省,风景优美,作家三毛曾在书中提过,如果要选一个理想家园,她会挑缅因州,因为那里如烟雨江南。
优越的地理环境使得那里现代的捕虾业非常发达。
要翻译这段文章,首先要读懂它,理解作者的思想。
初读这段文章,觉得很难读懂,原因有三,首先,缺乏文章背景知识,文中记述的事情发生在19世纪末的一个渔村码头,时隔一个多世纪,当时当地的环境如何,现在很难想象,而且,对渔民的生活也不清楚,读起来费解,翻译起来也是很难把握;其次,是对于文章结构的费解,由于文章是节选的小说中的一章,人物不熟悉,而且本文没有一般小说的扣人心弦的情节,只有一些描写和对话,感觉很散漫,很难揣作者的写作意图。
最后,本本主要又作者与另一主人公之间的对话组成,但主人公的讲话也很零散,而且方言很严重,思想和语言都很难判断。
因此,要想完成翻译的任务,更是觉得很难。
于是,在网上查阅了作者以及事件发生地点缅因州的相关信息,才对文章背景有一定的了解。
作者是乡土作家,生活在美国工业化蓬勃发展的时代。
缅因州由于靠近大西洋,捕鱼的历史也是由来已久。
这也与本段文章一开始时,作者在海岸边上看到的一幕非常吻合。
从维基百科上了解到作者的写作风格,她认为自己写作小说方面真正看重的不是情节的描写,而是关注人物性格的刻画。
这也让我知道,为什么这篇文章看起来觉得很散漫,没有主线。
其实仔细一想,文章是有主线的,只是隐含起来了,那就是以利亚对自己妻子深深的思念。
也是通过和他的对话,人物的形象更加丰满。
通过作者细腻的笔触,像是自己也融入了作者也以利亚对话的过程。
用心去感受以利亚这个人物,就觉得理解起来不再是那么难了。
在翻译此段文章的过程中,笔者首先把文章通读了一遍,感觉很难懂,后来查阅了资料,对文章的背景还有作者的相关信息有了一定的了解,对文章的理解也加深了一些。
翻译不仅是语言间的转换,它首先需要作者与译者通过原文文本进行地对话,以及两者视域的融合,这是翻译的第一步,即理解。
通过反复地阅读这篇文章,以及查阅相关资料,笔者认为对文章主旨以及作者思想情感都有了一定的把握,在一定程度上达到了“我”与作者间的视域融合,于是开始翻译,后来进行修改,最后定稿。
一、翻译过程技巧探析翻译要想译得精彩,自然要在表达上下工夫。
由于英汉两种语言差异巨大,因此在翻译过程中需要借用各种翻译技巧、方法、策略,如增词,减次,直译,意译,归化,异化等。
按照文章的顺序,我选取了一些典型的例子。
(一)增词技巧采用增词技巧的,我选了下面三个例子。
例一选自作者描述那几个老渔夫亲密伙伴关系描述的那一段。
例一, they helped to clean the fish or to sliver porgies for the trawls。
字面翻译为:他们帮助洗鱼或是为网把棘鬣鱼弄成薄片。
我的译文:互相帮助清洗捕回的鱼或是把棘鬣鱼弄成薄片以作撒网的诱饵如果按照字面翻译,则意思不明确,为了与前文连贯,并将意思表达清楚,我增加了“捕回的”和“以作诱饵”,因为这些都不言自明,增译之后,意思更加清晰明了,也不会显得赘述。
例二,but their true dwelling places were the sea, and the stony beach that edged its familiar shore, and the fish-houses译文:然而,他们真正的住处却是大海,是熟悉的海岸旁多石的沙滩,是渔船。
在翻译此句时,我在后边并列的宾语前面增加了谓语“是”,形成排比,符合文学语言,也传达了老渔夫们长年累月的打渔生活情景。
(二)长句的处理英语重形合,通常使用连词,从句,动词名词化等手段,使得一个句子表达丰富的意思,因此,英语中有很多长句。
而汉语重意合,短句居多,常使用动词,连词使用不如英语那么频繁。
因此,在做长句的英译汉时,通常要使用几种技巧和策略。
本文也不例外。
例一,one day as i went along the shore beyond the old wharves and the newer, high-stepped fabric of the steamer landing, i saw that all the boats were beached, and the slack water period of the early afternoon prevailed.译文:一天午后,我来到海滨散歩,往远望去,古老的码头和新建的抬高了的轮船码头静静地躺卧在那里,所有的船只都回港了,此时,午后的平潮也到来了。
本句为选文的第一句,作者描述了时间,地点等背景信息。
最初翻译时,拘于字面顺序和意思,感觉很不通顺,于是跳出牢笼,把自己置身于作者当时的情景,将信息进行整合,从本句最后一点知道,当时是午后,所以,将时间定为“一天午后”,把周围的一切事物都当作是作者看到的场景,视野也是在岸上和海上进行转换。
根据汉语叙事的顺序,时间,地点,背景等翻译出来。
(三)直译与意译由于英汉两种语言语法的差异,翻译时通常需要意译,才能清楚表达意思,才能让人不觉得语言拗口难懂。
对于直译与意译方法的使用,我选取了两个例子。
例一是描述老渔夫生命力状况的句子。
例一,when death claimed them it could only be with the aid, not of any slender modern dart, but the good serviceable harpoon of a seventeenth century woodcut.译文:死神来临时,它只需用一把好用的十七世纪的木质鱼叉就能轻易夺去他们的生命,丝毫无需任何现代的细长标枪。
此句采用了意译的手法,首先将死神来夺命委婉化,译为死神来临;同时将介词短语动词化,译为“只需用”;最后,增译了“轻易”,因为很明显此句的意思就是要表达老渔夫生命力的脆弱。
(四)需联系上下文翻译的句子翻译实际上是“译意”,而意义并非单一或是固定不变的,而是存在于具体的语境中的,因此,翻译时要联系上下文的语境进行翻译,脱离语境,则有可能出错误。
例,”no, there ain’t a better hearted woman in the state o’ maine. i’ve known her from a girl. she’s had the best o’ mothers.译文:“是的,缅因州再也没有比她更好心的人了。
我是从一个女孩那里知道她的。
她有母亲应具备的所有优点。
”如按照字面翻译,很可能将“no”译为“不”,因为蒂利先生只是进行一般的提问,”you find almiry todd one o’the best o’women?”,并没有用反义疑问句提问。
但是,联系下文,我们可以明白“i”认为almiry 是属于最好的女人之列的,因为蒂利先生要给她送鱼,可见对她是认可的,所以,此处的“no”应该翻译为“是的”。
(五)文学想象翻译过程是与原作者进行视域融合的过程,译者应当想原作者所想,应当充分发挥自己的想象,将自己置身于作者所处的环境,换位思考。
没有做到这点,翻译就可能偏离作者的原意。
因此,翻译需要想象,文学翻译更是如此。
例如:i could hear the tinkle-tankle of a cow-bell somewhere among the spruces by which the pasture was being walked over and forested from every side;译文:我能够听到云杉中奶牛的铃铛发出叮叮当当的声音,似乎看到了奶牛在牧场中徘徊,牧场的每边都栽上了树。
此句中,“i”是听到“somewhere”传来的奶牛的铃铛声,所以奶牛在草地上行走应该是作者通过声音想象出来的,所以增译了“似乎看到”,将当时的情景描述得更加真切了。
二、修改过程翻译完后,在修改的过程中,发现了很多译得不够通顺的地方以及错误之处,有些是因为翻译时理解不到位引起的,有些是因为翻译时,只专注于本句的翻译,而忽视了上下之间的联系引起的。
另外一种情况是,由于理解不到位,初译过程中有些句子不知如何翻译恰当,在改译时,理解更深入了,所以也就知道如何翻译了。
还有,修改过程中,有的也加上一些语气词,使文章更为连贯,或是去掉一些太生硬的翻译。
因此,修改是继理解和表达后,必不可少的一个过程。
三、需进一步斟酌的地方虽然基本上理解作者的思想,也把文章反复看了多篇,但是还是有些地方不会翻译。
例如:文中对于蒂利妻子最爱的茶具的描写很难翻译。
例一:its conventionalities lacked the simple perfection of the humbler room and failed on the side of poor ambition;译文:布局也不如那个更低一级的房间看起来简洁完美,气势上缺乏那种卑微的抱负;这句话中使用了很多抽象名词,又是描述房间的,难以读懂,勉强翻译的,因此译文可能不对。
四、结语以上是本段选文翻译的整个过程,在此过程中,依照了翻译活动展开的顺序依次进行,理解——表达——修改——校正,运用阐释哲学的视域融合观点意义观,努力达到原作者与译者之间的视域融合,深入沟通理解,这些是为了更加准确地翻译。
虽然尽力去做了,但是还是有些地方不会翻译,或是不尽人意,一方面是由于不明白作者的意思,理解能力有限,另一方面是由于背景知识的缺乏。
可见,翻译对译者的要求很高。
要在平时不断积累,勤于学习理论,多多实践,翻译的能力才能不断提升。
【参考文献】[1]许均.翻译概论[m].北京:外语教育与研究出版社,2010.[2]吕均等.英汉翻译教程[m].上海:上海外语教育出版社,2005.。