考研基础写作笔记完整版(语法+句法)
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考研基础写作（语法+句法）
•Optimism is not a luxury; it is a necessity.
1.主题词：Optimism= a positive attitude towards life and
work
2.搭配表达：
Sth is not a luxury; it is a necessity.= sth is very important. Sth is of great importance.
3.替换词：luxurious= expensive/unaffordable/fancy,
4.搭配表达：A be considered as b= a be b
eg: Optimism is not considered as a luxury; it is considered
as a necessity. •Self-confidence does matter.
1.主题词：Self-assurance= self-confidence 2.搭配表达：Sth does matter a great deal.
Eg: The enterprising spirit is the only thing that does matter
a great deal.
•Real heroes can inspire/stimulate/spur the younger
generation.
1.替换词： Young people, youngster, teenager, adolescent,
younger adult
2.搭配表达：Have/has/had the ability to do sth= sb/sth can
do sth
eg: Real heroes have the ability to spur the younger adults.
•Cooperation has the ability to win us respect and honor.
1.主题词：The spirit of cooperation
the sense of collaboration
the awareness of mutual support
2.搭配表达：Have the sincere respect for sth= pay due
attention to sth/sb
respectful= modest/humble
respectable= noble
respected= widely agreed
respective= separate
•The unchecked growth of the tourism may render/leave the environment severely polluted.
1.替换词：Cause, create, produce, lead to, result in
2.搭配表达：Be likely to do sth= sb/sth may do sth
•hold the potential/possibility/probability to do sth= sb/sth
may do sth
•eg: The unchecked growth of tourism holds the potential
to create the environment severely polluted.
练习：
1. 合作精神在取得成功的过程中至关重要。
During the process of achieving success, the spirit of
cooperation is the only thing that does matter a great deal.
During the process of accomplishing fulfillment, the
awareness of mutual support is not considered as a luxury;
it is considered as a necessity. 2. 在某种意义上看，智能手机并非奢侈品，而是必需品。
Smart cellphone, in a sort of sense, is not regarded as a
luxury; it is viewed as a necessity.
Be considered as
Be regarded as
Be viewed as
3. 逻辑思考能力的训练能够激发年轻人的创造性。
Training of the competence of logical thinking has the
ability to spur the creativeness/creative mind/creativity of
the younger generation.
4. 在某种程度上讲，人们将毅力视为战胜困难的关键要
素。
The perseverance, to some extent/to certain degree, is considered as a key factor/element to defeat drawback/setback/difficulty.
5. 在日常生活里，越来越多人，尤其是缺乏自律的青少
年，沉迷于网络，例如网购及网络游戏。
In daily routine, an increasing number of people, particularly those teenagers lacking of self-control, are
addicted to Internet, such as online games and online shopping.
6. 近期，少数经济学家将微商的兴起视作电商改革的直
接原因。
These days, a minority of economists regard the latest occurrence of micro commerce as the immediate
reason/consequence of the reform in e-commerce.
7. 近期的健身热导致人们的消费偏好发生变化。 The emerging interest in fitness renders citizens’
consuming preference changed.
change= remold, reshape.
二. 并列句
1. and •Undoubtedly, air pollution is a very serious problem, and
we should take strict measures to deal with it.
1.主题词：
Atmospheric pollution/contamination
2.替换词：deal with, cope with, handle, address, tackle, resolve/solve
3.搭配表达：sth be a matter of life and death.= sth be a very serious problem.
4.搭配表达：it is sensible/advisable for sb to do sth= sb/sth should do sth
5.搭配表达：adapt tough steps to do sth
employ effective moves to do sth
take strict measures to do sth
Undoubtedly, atmospheric pollution is a matter of life and
death, and it is advisable for us to employ effective moves
to address it. 2. otherwise/or
•The worrying situation has to be reversed, otherwise many young people will fall victim to it.
1.搭配表达：
be destroyed by sth be devastated by sth
2.替换词：
significant, considerable, countless,
a good number of, a whole host of
The worrying situation has to be reversed, otherwise a
whole host of youngsters will be devastated by it.
•We must take the problem seriously, or it will have a
harmful influence on our society.
1.搭配表达：sb/sth must do sth
it is one’s duty to do sth
sb/sth have a duty to do sth
sb/sth feel/fulfill an obligation to do sth
2.搭配表达：pay due attention to sth
give sufficient weight to sth have the sincere respect for sth
3.搭配表达：have an influence on sth exert/bring about a dramatic effect on sth
wield a profound impact over sth
4.替换词：community= society
It is our duty to give sufficient weight to the problem, or it
will wield a profound impact over our society.
3. but/yet
•Cultural integration, undoubtedly, has brought benefits to
us, but/yet we should also take a right attitude towards it.
1.主题词：cultural integration
2.搭配表达：
bring benefits to sb/sth
give/offer plentiful/affluent rewards for sb/sth
Cultural integration, undoubtedly, has offered plentiful
rewards for us, but/yet it is sensible for us to take a right
