1. Archaisms are words no longer in _________ use or _______ in use.
2. A word whose meaning was borrowed from another language is called _________.
3. The Indo - European language is made up of most of the languages of _____；_______；_____.
4. A bound root is that part of the word that carries the _______ meaning just like a ________. In English，bound roots are either _______ or _________.
5. Affixes are forms that are ________ to words or word elements to modify meaning or function. We can put them into two groups：________ and ________.
6. The expansion of vocabulary in modern English depends chiefly on ______. The most productive are _________，________ and ________.
7. A compound is a unit consisting of more than one stem and functioning both ________ and ______ as a single word.
8. When a word is first coined，it is always ______. But in the course of development，the same symbol must be used to express more meanings，the result is ________.
9. Synonyms can be defined as one of two or more words in the English language which have the same or very nearly the same _______ meaning.
10. Synonyms can be classified into two major groups：________ and _________.
II. Fill in each bland with a word contrary in meaning to the word given in the bracket.
1. Beads and shells are ________ forms of money. （modern）
2. I have finished all the exercises，I am ______ done. （partly）
3. On a humid day，there is a lot of ________ in the air. （dryness）
4. Mosquitoes won't bite just anyone. They look for someone ________. （ordinary）
5. If you want to drive，it is ______ to have a driver's license. （unnecessary）
6. There is a great _____ in our political beliefs. We agree on most things. （difference）
7. The man said，"I am ________. I didn't do it！" （guilty）
8. The soldier stood in a ______ position while the general walked past him. （relaxed）
9. You will have to ______ the string in order to open the box. （tighten）
10. No one lives in that ______ house. （inhabited）
III. Explain the following terms：
1. word
2. affixes
3. concept
4. hyponymy
IV. Questions and answers：
1. What is extra - linguistic context？
2. What is back - formation？
Key：
1. common；obsolete.
2. semantic loan.
3. European；the Near East；India.
4. fundamental；free root；Latin；Greek.
5. attached；inflectional；derivational.
6. word - formation；affixation，compounding；conversion.
7. grammatically；semantically.
8. monosemic；polysemy.
9. essential.
10. absolute synonyms；relative synonyms
II.
1. old - fashioned
2. completely
3. moisture
4. special
5. essential
