张培基现代散文精选翻译

第一部分汉译英1. 丑石(An Ugly Stone)2. 匆匆(Rush)3. 冬夜(Winter Night)4. 互助(Helping Each Other)5. 黄昏(Dusk)6. 盼头(Something to Look Forward to)7. 媲美(Beauty)8. 枪口(The Muzzles)9. 鸲鹆(The Story of a Myna)10. 铜镜(The Bronze Mirror) 11. 学校(The College) 12. 野草(Wild Grass) 13. 种梨(Planting a Pear Tree)14. 哀互生(Mourning for Husheng) 15. 落花生(The Peanut) 16. 盲演员(A Blind Actor) 17. “孺子马” (An”Obedient Horse”)18. 小麻雀(A Little Sparrow) 19. 雄辩症(A Case of Eloquence) 20. 大钱饺子(A Good-luck Dumpling)21. 荷塘月色(Moonlight over the Lotus Pond) 22. 黄龙奇观(A View of Huangllong)23. 枯叶蝴蝶(Lappet Butterfies) 24. 泡菜坛子(A pickle Pot) 25. 田水哗啦(The Irrigation Water Came Gurgling)26. 我若为王(If I Be King) 27. 西式幽默(Western Humour) 28. 项脊轩志(Xiangjixuan)29. 夜间来客(A Night Visitor——A True Story about a ”Celebrity”Being Interviewed)30. 珍禽血雉(China‘s Native Pheasant)31. 常胜的歌手(A Singer Who Always Wins)32. 健忘的画眉(The Forgetful Song Thrush) 33. 可爱的南京(Nanjing the Beloved City)34. 鲁迅先生记(In Memory of Mr.Lu Xun) 35. 苗族龙船节(The Miao Drangon-Boat Festival) 36. 秋天的怀念(Fond Memories of You) 37. 献你一束花(A Bouquet of Flowers for you)38. 鸭巢围的夜(A Night at Mallard-Nest Village) 39. 玫瑰色的月亮(The Rosy Moon)40. 内画壶《百子图》(Snuff Bottles with Pictures Inside) 41. 维护团结的人(A Man Upholding Unity)42. 我有一个志愿(I Have a Dream) 43. 运动员的情操(Sportsmen‘s Values)44. 神话世界九寨沟(Jiuzhaigou,China‘s Fairyland)45. 生命的三分之一(One Third of Our Lifetime)46. 我可能是天津人(I Might Have Come from Tianjin) 47. 五台名刹画沧桑(The famous Monastery Witnesses Vicissitudes)48. 爱梦想的羞怯女孩(A Shy Dreamer) 49. 永久的憧憬和追求(My Lnging and yearning) 50. 老人和他的三个儿子(The Old Man and his three sons) 51. 乐山龙舟会多姿多彩(dragon-Boat Festival at Leshan)52. 撷自那片芳洲的清供(An Offering from his Sweet homeland) 53. 三峡多奇景妙笔夺开工(The Scenic Three Gorges Captured )54. 初中国旅游可到哪些地方(Tips on Traveling to China the First Time)第二部分英译汉1. A Ball to Roll Around(滚球)2. A Boupquet for Miss Benson(送给卞老师的一束花)3. A Boy and His Father Become Partners(父子伙伴情)4. A Gift of Dreams(梦寐以求的礼物)5. A Hard Day in the Kitchen(厨房里的一场闹刷)6. A Nation of Hypochondriacs(一个疑病症患者的国度)7. Are Books an Endangered Species? (书籍是即将灭绝的物种吗?) 8. A Sailor‘s Christmas Gift(一个海员的圣诞礼物)9. A Tale of Two Smut Merchants(两上淫秽照片商的故事) 10. A Visit with the Folks(探访故亲) 11. Canadian Eskimo Lithographs(加拿大爱斯基摩人的石版画) 12. Divorce and Kids(离婚与孩子)13. Doug Heir(杜格·埃厄) 14. Fame(声誉) 15. Felicia‘s Journey(费利西娅的旅行)16. Genius Sacrificed for failure(为育庸才损英才) 17. Glories of the Storm(辉煌壮丽的暴风雨) 18. Han Suyin‘s China(韩素音笔下的中国) 19. Hate(仇恨) 20. How Should One Read a Book? (怎样读书?)21. In Praie of the Humble Comma(小小逗号赞) 22. Integrity——From A Mother inMannville(正直)23. In the Pursuit of a Haunting and Timeless Truth(追寻一段永世难忘的史实)24. Killer on Wings is Under Threat(飞翔的杀手正受到威胁) 25. Life in a Violin Case(琴匣子中的生趣)26. Love Is Not like Merchandise(爱情不是商品) 27. Luck(好运气) 28. Mayhew(生活的道路)29. My Averae Uncle(艾默大叔——一个普通人) 30. My Father‘s Music(我父亲的音乐) 31. My Mother‘s Gift (母亲的礼物)32. New Light Buld Offers Energy Efficiency(新型灯泡提高能效) 33. Of Studies(谈读书)34. On Leadership(论领导) 35. On Cottages in General(农舍概述) 36. Over the Hill(开小差) 37. Promise of Bluebirds(蓝知更鸟的希望) 38. Stories on a Headboard(床头板上故事多)39. Sunday(星期天) 40. The Blanket(一条毛毯) 41. The Colour of the Sky(天空的色彩) 42. The date Father Didn‘t Keep(父亲失约) 43. The Kiss(吻) 44. The Letter(家书)45. The Little Boat That Sailed through Time(悠悠岁月小船情) 46. The Living Seas(富有生命的海洋)47. The Roots of My Ambition(我的自强之源) 48. The song of the River(河之歌)49. They Wanted Him Everywhere——Herbert von Karajan(1908-1989) (哪儿都要他)50. Three Great Puffy Rolls(三个又大双暄的面包圈) 51. Trust(信任)52. Why measure Life in Hearbeats? (何必以心跳定生死？) 53. Why the bones Break(骨折缘何而起)54. Why Women Live Longer than Men(为什么女人经男人活得长)丑石贾平凹我常常遗憾我家门前的那块丑石呢：它黑黝黝地卧在那里，牛似的模样；谁也不知道是什么时候留在这里的.谁也不去理会它。

浅析张培基散文翻译选【篇一：浅析张培基散文翻译选】2012.6 上半月 \ 翻译原则语用策略写作理论及其它陈姝彤何泠静等浅析张培基先生英译散文作品中的翻译原则陈姝彤摘要: 形散而神不散是散文的特点，作为一种特殊的文体，散文在翻译过程中，要求内容与风格并重。

张培基先生在翻译散文时，灵活巧妙地运用翻译技巧，不仅译其形而且传其神。

本文试图三个散文翻译的原则探讨张培基先生是如何在翻译散文中成功实现风格和韵味的移植的。

关键词：张培基；散文翻译；翻译原则一、简介随着文学概念的演变和文学体裁的发展，散文的概念也时有变化。

广义的散文诗区别于韵文、骈文的，包含所有不押韵不排偶的散体文章。

可某些历史时期又将小说与其他抒情、记事的文学作品统称为散文，以此来区别于讲求韵律的诗歌。

狭义的散文指除了小说、诗歌、戏剧等文学体裁之外的其他文学作品。

如今，现代意义的散文把除诗歌以外的文体都成为散文。

二、散文的特征1、散文的真散文的真首先是在语言表达上，不假雕饰、开门见山、直奔主题、全凭本色的真实和直接。

它不像诗歌那样含蓄，不用讲究语言的韵律感、意象和象征等修辞手法，也不用像小说、戏剧一样讲究语言技巧。

散文的真还体现在感情上，无论是抒情散文还是叙事散文，都有真情的渗入，蕴含动人的力量。

有人曾说：散文是最接近人类表达自己的一种形式。

2、散文的散提起散文，总会想起一句话：形散而神不散。

散文的散，从表层来看，主要体现在散文的选材范围无拘无束，表现的形式自由开放。

在选材方面，一切都可以成为散文的写作内容；从形式上看，对于结构、韵律没有规范的要求，可以叙事、抒情、说理，一切放任自由。

3、散文的美认为普遍认为散文也可被称为美文。

它的美主要体现在韵味和意境上。

散文的语言质朴、平实、流畅、自然，但是一旦经过感情的渗透就可以在平淡中显现出品位。

有这样一种比较：如果说诗歌是陌生化的语言，散文则是平民化的语言。

（胡显耀、李力，2009:178）三、散文翻译的原则散文的翻译，顾名思义，就是将散文翻译成不同文字的文本。

西欧的夏天Summer in Western Europe余光中Yu Guangzhong旅客似乎是十分轻松的人，实际上却相当辛苦。

旅客不用上班，却必须受时间的约束；爱做什么就做什么，却必须受钱包的限制；爱去哪里就去哪里，却必须把几件行李蜗牛壳一般带在身上。

旅客最可怕的噩梦，是钱和证件一起遗失，沦为来历不明的乞丐。

旅客最难把握的东西，便是气候。

Light-hearted as he seems, a traveler is in fact under great stress. Though on vacation, he is nevertheless subject to there straint of time. He can do whatever he likes on the trip, but he has to keep the expenditure within the limits of his pocket. Wherever he goes, he has to take with him his cumbersome hand luggage. He faces the most horrible possibility of losing his money and credentials, which will reduce himself to a pauper of unknown background. And, besides, he can never be sure of the weather.我现在就是这样的旅客。

从西班牙南端一直旅行到英国的北端，我经历了各样的气候，已经到了寒暑不侵的境界。

此刻我正坐在中世纪古堡改装的旅馆里，为读者写稿，刚刚黎明，湿灰灰的云下是苏格兰中部荒莽的林木，林外是隐隐的青山。

晓寒袭人，我坐在厚达尺许的石墙里，穿了一件毛衣，如果要走下回旋长梯像走下古堡之肠，去坡下的野径漫步寻幽，还得披上一件够厚的外套。

艰难的国运与雄健的国民——李大钊班级：20084242 学号：2008424239 姓名：张颖历史的道路，不会是坦平的，有时走到艰难险阻的境界。

这是全靠雄健的精神才能冲过去的。

一条浩浩荡荡的长江大河，有时流到很宽阔的境界，平原无际，一泻万里。

有时流到很逼狭的境界，两岸丛山迭岭，绝壁断崖，江河流于期间，回环曲折，极其险峻。

民族生命的进展，其经历亦复如是。

人类在历史上的生活正如旅行一样。

旅途上的征人所经过的地方，有时是坦荡平原，有时是崎岖险路。

志于旅途的人，走到平坦的地方，因是高高兴兴地向前走，走到崎岖的境界，俞是奇趣横生，觉得在此奇绝壮绝的境界，俞能感到一种冒险的美趣。

中华民族现在所逢的史路，是一段崎岖险阻的道路。

在这段道路上，实在亦有一种奇绝壮绝的境至，使我们经过此段道路的人，感得一种壮美的趣味，是非有雄健的精神的，不能够感觉到的。

我们的扬子江、黄河，可以代表我们的民族精神，扬子江及黄河遇见沙漠、遇见山峡都是浩浩荡荡的往前流过去，以成其浊流滚滚，一泻万里的魄势。

目前的艰难境界，那能阻抑我们民族生命的前进。

我们应该拿出雄健的精神，高唱着进行的曲调，在这悲壮歌声中，走过这崎岖险阻的道路。

要知在艰难的国运中建造国家，亦是人生最有趣味的事……。

National Crisis vs Heroic NationBy Li DazhaoThe course of history is never smooth. It is sometimes beset with difficulties and obstacles and nothing short of a heroic spirit can help surmount them.A mighty long river sometimes flows through a broad section with plains lying boundless on either side, its waters rolling on non-stop for thousands upon thousands of miles. Sometimes it comes up against a narrow section flanked by high mountains and steep cliffs, winding through a course with many a perilous twist and turn. A nation, in the course of its development, fares likewise.The historical course of man’s life is just like a journey. A traveler on a long journey passes through now a broad, level plain, now a rugged, hazardous road. While a determined traveler cheerfully continues his journey upon reaching a safe and smooth place, he finds it still morefascinating to come to a rugged place, the enormously magnificent spectacle of which, he feels, is better able to generate in him a wonderful sensation of adventure.The Chinese nation is now confronted with a rugged and dangerous section of its historical course. Nevertheless, there is also in this section a spectacle of enormous magnificence that inspires in us passers-by a delightful sensation of splendor. And this delightful sensation, however, can only be shared by those with a heroic spirit.The Yangtse River and the Yellow River are both symbolic of our national spirit the two mighty rivers negotiate deserts and gorges until their turbid torrents surge forward with irresistible force. The present national crisis can never obstruct the advance of our national life. Let us brace up our spirits and march through this rugged, dangerous road to the tune of our solemn, stirring songs. The greatest joy of life, mind you, is to build up our country during its most difficult days.初读这篇文章是在高中，依稀记得老师当时讲了些什么。

It is sometimes beset with …有时候会有…的境遇/会有…相伴 Nothing short of a … can help …唯有…才能/全靠…才能够Rolling on non-stop for thousands upon thousands of miles. 一泻千里Fare likewise. 正如这样Now … , now …有时…，有时…Better able to generate in oneself a sensation of …更能让人产生一种…之感…is now confronted with a …section of its course. …现在正遭遇进程上的一段…… , however, can only be shared by …而…，只有…样的人才可体会到The present … crisis can never obstacle the advance of …目前的…危机绝不会阻碍…的进步Let us brace up our spirits and march through …让我们鼓起雄健的精神…The greatest joy of …, is to … during its most difficult days. 在最艰难的日子里…，亦是最大的乐趣Grow restless 变得焦躁不安 Beg to differ 恕不同意/持反对意见Dash here and there in search of …跑来跑去的寻找He is going to … so that he could …他决定…以便…… is not groundless because ……并非空害怕/没依据，因为…Keep moving around in a hurry 慌慌张张地走/跑What’s the rush? 为何这般慌？/怎么这么着急？Behind … lay half a dozen of … near …注意学习地理方位和位置的表述look like rain, yet, to our great joy … [口语]像是要下雨，然而让我们高兴的是…which of you could …你们谁能……？(别用who了，太土了！！)they are most beloved in one aspect. 有一点最受人爱/有一点最为可贵Unlike … , which … , … it just … to …不像…的…一样，它只是…，来…You can never immediately tell whether or not it … until …你不能立刻判断它是否…，非得等到…One should be useful rather than great or nice-looking. 应该成为有用的人，而不是伟大或体面的人Engraved in my mind. 深深地刻在脑海… is a household name all over the country. ……是家喻户晓/名遍全国的。

第一部分汉译英1. 丑石(An Ugly Stone)2. 匆匆(Rush)3. 冬夜(Winter Night)4. 互助(Helping Each Other)5. 黄昏(Dusk)6. 盼头(Something to Look Forward to)7. 媲美(Beauty)8. 枪口(The Muzzles)9. 鸲鹆(The Story of a Myna)10. 铜镜(The Bronze Mirror) 11. 学校(The College) 12. 野草(Wild Grass) 13. 种梨(Planting a Pear Tree)14. 哀互生(Mourning for Husheng) 15. 落花生(The Peanut) 16. 盲演员(A Blind Actor) 17. “孺子马” (An”Obedient Horse”)18. 小麻雀(A Little Sparrow) 19. 雄辩症(A Case of Eloquence) 20. 大钱饺子(A Good-luck Dumpling)21. 荷塘月色(Moonlight over the Lotus Pond) 22. 黄龙奇观(A View of Huangllong)23. 枯叶蝴蝶(Lappet Butterfies) 24. 泡菜坛子(A pickle Pot) 25. 田水哗啦(The Irrigation Water Came Gurgling)26. 我若为王(If I Be King) 27. 西式幽默(Western Humour) 28. 项脊轩志(Xiangjixuan)29. 夜间来客(A Night Visitor——A True Story about a ”Celebrity”Being Interviewed)30. 珍禽血雉(China‘s Native Pheasant)31. 常胜的歌手(A Singer Who Always Wins)32. 健忘的画眉(The Forgetful Song Thrush) 33. 可爱的南京(Nanjing the Beloved City)34. 鲁迅先生记(In Memory of Mr.Lu Xun) 35. 苗族龙船节(The Miao Drangon-Boat Festival) 36. 秋天的怀念(Fond Memories of You) 37. 献你一束花(A Bouquet of Flowers for you)38. 鸭巢围的夜(A Night at Mallard-Nest Village) 39. 玫瑰色的月亮(The Rosy Moon)40. 内画壶《百子图》(Snuff Bottles with Pictures Inside) 41. 维护团结的人(A Man Upholding Unity)42. 我有一个志愿(I Have a Dream) 43. 运动员的情操(Sportsmen‘s Values)44. 神话世界九寨沟(Jiuzhaigou,China‘s Fairyland)45. 生命的三分之一(One Third of Our Lifetime)46. 我可能是天津人(I Might Have Come from Tianjin) 47. 五台名刹画沧桑(The famous Monastery Witnesses Vicissitudes)48. 爱梦想的羞怯女孩(A Shy Dreamer) 49. 永久的憧憬和追求(My Lnging and yearning) 50. 老人和他的三个儿子(The Old Man and his three sons) 51. 乐山龙舟会多姿多彩(dragon-Boat Festival at Leshan)52. 撷自那片芳洲的清供(An Offering from his Sweet homeland) 53. 三峡多奇景妙笔夺开工(The Scenic Three Gorges Captured )54. 初中国旅游可到哪些地方(Tips on Traveling to China the First Time)第二部分英译汉1. A Ball to Roll Around(滚球)2. A Boupquet for Miss Benson(送给卞老师的一束花)3. A Boy and His Father Become Partners(父子伙伴情)4. A Gift of Dreams(梦寐以求的礼物)5. A Hard Day in the Kitchen(厨房里的一场闹刷)6. A Nation of Hypochondriacs(一个疑病症患者的国度)7. Are Books an Endangered Species? (书籍是即将灭绝的物种吗?) 8. A Sailor‘s Christmas Gift(一个海员的圣诞礼物)9. A Tale of Two Smut Merchants(两上淫秽照片商的故事) 10. A Visit with the Folks(探访故亲) 11. Canadian Eskimo Lithographs(加拿大爱斯基摩人的石版画) 12. Divorce and Kids(离婚与孩子)13. Doug Heir(杜格·埃厄) 14. Fame(声誉) 15. Felicia‘s Journey(费利西娅的旅行)16. Genius Sacrificed for failure(为育庸才损英才) 17. Glories of the Storm(辉煌壮丽的暴风雨) 18. Han Suyin‘s China(韩素音笔下的中国) 19. Hate(仇恨) 20. How Should One Read a Book? (怎样读书?)21. In Praie of the Humble Comma(小小逗号赞) 22. Integrity——From A Mother in Mannville(正直)23. In the Pursuit of a Haunting and Timeless Truth(追寻一段永世难忘的史实)24. Killer on Wings is Under Threat(飞翔的杀手正受到威胁) 25. Life in a Violin Case(琴匣子中的生趣)26. Love Is Not like Merchandise(爱情不是商品) 27. Luck(好运气) 28. Mayhew(生活的道路)29. My Averae Uncle(艾默大叔——一个普通人) 30. My Father‘s Music(我父亲的音乐) 31. My Mother‘s Gift (母亲的礼物)32. New Light Buld Offers Energy Efficiency(新型灯泡提高能效) 33. Of Studies(谈读书)34. On Leadership(论领导) 35. On Cottages in General(农舍概述) 36. Over the Hill(开小差) 37. Promise of Bluebirds(蓝知更鸟的希望) 38. Stories on a Headboard(床头板上故事多)39. Sunday(星期天) 40. The Blanket(一条毛毯) 41. The Colour of the Sky(天空的色彩) 42. The date Father Didn‘t Keep(父亲失约) 43. The Kiss(吻) 44. The Letter(家书)45. The Little Boat That Sailed through Time(悠悠岁月小船情) 46. The Living Seas(富有生命的海洋)47. The Roots of My Ambition(我的自强之源) 48. The song of the River(河之歌)49. They Wanted Him Everywhere——Herbert von Karajan(1908-1989) (哪儿都要他)50. Three Great Puffy Rolls(三个又大双暄的面包圈) 51. Trust(信任)52. Why measure Life in Hearbeats? (何必以心跳定生死？) 53. Why the bones Break(骨折缘何而起)54. Why Women Live Longer than Men(为什么女人经男人活得长)丑石贾平凹我常常遗憾我家门前的那块丑石呢：它黑黝黝地卧在那里，牛似的模样；谁也不知道是什么时候留在这里的.谁也不去理会它。

张培基英译现代散文选11. Phrasal Expression & Words…amid(st) thunderous applause aptly 恰如其分地Be short of/devoid ofa bare subsistenee Art troupe 文匸团Be shrouded in = be covered inA be characteristic ofB At a stretch/sitting = be enveloped in=B be characterized by A At one's comma nd Be sloppy in thinkingat the present moment Be strewn/covered/festooned with---A bend inariver/mountain Avaricious desires 贪念Be stumped by = baffledA blind alley Bark up the wrong tree 攻击错了目标Be tantamount to-**= equalA brass drum 小铜般bashful Be tinted / colored by…A bygone age Bask in the sunshine Be troubled / seized with•••a clot of blood Be ablaze/aglow with light Be tucked away in …A cobbled path be advaneed in years Be weaned 断奶A confused mass of・・・ be an encumbranee to・・・ Be weighed down/ troubled withA faint see nt of Be beset/troubled with/by be wet with perspirati on /•••A forgone conclusion 倾料中的必然结局Be blurred by--* Be wide of / far from the mark 离谱A hired hand on con tract Be bogged down = be trapped Be wild with exciteme nt / joyA jumble •人堆Be bound up with--*密切关联Be worthy of--* 无愧于A keen sense of be central/indispensable to sb・ Beam = a big smile on faceA long-timer of Beijing Be cooped up = be caged Bear a thin coating of・・・A loose community of smaller family be deeply grieved to learn of・・・ begin by degrees 逐渐开始A man of profound learning be distinguished by Beguile = while / idle / fritter awayA mere drop in the ocean Be engrossed in… BibliomaniaA niche in the temple of fame Be exquisite and nicely arranged bickerA passing glance be forever cherished / treasured Birds of a feather flock togetherA philosophical approach to life Be hale and hearty Blackout:(战时)灯火管制a positive outcome Be havened from Blurt 脱口而出A seene of poetic charm be humanly impossible bookish / pedantic / impractical viewA sensation of blissfulness Be imprinted/carved/engraved/ingrained Border sth on the westA speck of mud on/upon… boudoir 闺房A stone's throw be in a fix Bountiful free giftsA trace / shade / tint/ sprinkle of・・・ Be instrumental in Bow down toA Treasury of Best Chinese Prose 古文观Be interwoven with 交织着Brazenly claim / credit 厚颜无耻邀功ll：be irreleva nt / foreig n to Break into unc on trolled sobsA vast tract of land Be keenly aware of Brillia nt tale ntA virtuous man / a man of supreme virtue be keyed up 紧张burst with vitality/ moral integrity Be led by the nose Bury the hatchetA widening expanse of water be of southern breed Button up clothesabandon …to fate Be off a nd on By dint of 凭借Ache/ag onize with pain be on an equal footi ng with--* Cap onAdjoining room Be on the lips of・・・ Carcass: slaughtered animal for food admire sb for sth Be on the minds of・・ Caver nous mouth affected 做作be out to do••- Chant ancient Chinese books 诵读古籍aim high be overgrown with wild woods chicken・and-egg I月果XfE断的amiable by nature be packed with••- Chit chatAmuse oneselfby… =do … for fun Be plagued = annoyed 二upset Click away the swcondsAmusing episode Be possessed Come dimly into sightan enlightened king Be possessed of Come out exceedingly wellAno dd-jobber be rec on ciled to--* Come to pass 出现，发生Ano pportu ne mome nt 合适时机be reduced to Come up agai nstAncestral home be saddled with Come upon a windfallApproach senility be sent to gallows Come/be of age1Con firmed = habitual Exemplary 模范的Heart-re nding = grievousHeave nly abode Con firmed = habitual Expanses of vacancyHerculean strength Extol Congenial disposition 天性称赞Hoary-headed 头发花convulsive sob Fall through = bubble = be disillusionedHoodwink = cajole cool one's heel Falteringly 织i巴上也household choresCordially Family rules of good behaviorhumor editors 应付编辑Fare likewise cotton-padded gown 棉衣I find them all. Court ladies = palace maid Fascinating=imposing 尽4攵眼底Impassioned speech / essayCrackling: sound made by burning wood =peerless=breath-takingIn all earnest 再三，尽力,竭力Crane on e's necks faw no n / flatter / toady toIn anticipation ofCredit A with B = attribute B to A FeeblyIn defense of…薄情男=in one's defense Crumble into dust Fickle manin every way Fierce-browed Curl up 彻头彻尾in line with 符合curtly = rudely Fighting sceneIn spite of on eself First-ha nd experie nee 由H 主Cut down on 二econo mize onIn the boom / prime of youth decade nt 颓废的FlagstoneIn the morning haze flower cultivation Decorated archway 牌楼In the prime of life sbent/inclination/will degeneration of public morality Follow one'ln unisons part AW H Deliberately make a mystery of--* for one'ln advertently 无总间depart。

第一课艰难的国运与雄健的国民(汉、英)艰难的国运与雄健的国民李大钊历史的道路，不会是平坦的，有时走到艰难险阻的境界. 这是靠雄健的精神才能够冲过去的。

一条浩浩荡荡的长江大河，有时流到很宽阔的境界，平原无际，一泻万里。

有时流到很逼狭的境界，两岸丛山跌岭，绝壁断崖，江河流于其间，回环曲折，极其险峻。

民族生命的进展，其经历亦复如是。

人类在历史上的生活正如旅行一样。

旅途上的征人所经过的地方，有时是坦荡平原，有时是崎岖险路。

志与旅途的人，走到平坦的地方，因是高高兴兴的向前走，走到崎岖的境界，愈是奇趣横生，觉得在此奇绝壮绝的境界，愈能感到一种冒险的美趣。

中华民族现在所逢的史路，是一段崎岖险阻的道路。

再这一段道路上，是在亦有一种奇绝壮绝的境致，使我们经过此段道路的人，感得一种壮美的趣味。

但这种壮美的趣味，是非有雄健的精神的，不能够感觉到的。

我们的扬子江，黄河，可以代表我们的民族精神，扬子江以及黄河遇见沙漠，遇见山峡都是浩浩荡荡的往前流过去，以成其浊流滚滚，一泻万里的魄势。

目前的艰难境界，哪能阻抑我们民族生命的前进。

我们应该拿出雄健的精神，高唱着进行的曲调，在这悲壮的歌声中，走过这崎岖险阻的道路。

要知在艰难的国运中建造国家，亦是人生最有趣味的事......Nations Crisis VS Heroic NationThe course of history is never smooth. It is sometimes beset with difficulties and obstacles and nothing short of a heroic spirit can help surmount them.A mighty long river sometimes flows through a broad section with plains lying boundless on either side, its waters rolling on non-stop for thousands upon thousands of miles. Sometimes it comes up against a narrow section flanked by high mountains and steep cliffs, winding through a course with many a perilous twist and turn. Anation, in the course of its development, fares likewise.The historical course of man's life is just like a journey. A traveler on a long journey passes through now a broad, level plain, now a rugged, hazardous road. While a determined traveler cheerfully continues his journey upon reaching a safe and smooth place, he finds it still more fascinating to come to a rugged place, the enormously magnificent spectacle of which, he feels, is better able to generate in him a wonderfulsensation of adventure.The Chinese nation is now contributed with a rugged and dangerous section of its historical course. Nevertheless, there is also in this section a spectacle of enormous magnificence that inspires in us passers-by a delightful sensation of splendor. And this delightful sensation, however, can only be shared by those with a heroic spirit.The Yangtse River and the Yellow River are both symbolic of our national spirit. The two mighty rivers negotiate deserts and gorges until their turbid torrents surge forward with irresistible force. The present national crisis can never obstruct the advance of our national life. Let us brace up our spirits and march through this rugged, dangerous road to the tune of our solemn, stirring songs. The greatest joy of life, mind you, is to build up our country during its most difficult days.第二课螃蟹（汉·英）螃蟹鲁迅老螃蟹觉得不安了，觉得全身太硬了，自己知道要蜕壳了。

《泥土的微笑》英译Smile of the Earth“泥土”一词并不是指“泥”，而是指“土”、“土地”，所以译为the earth。

Smile表达的是一种欢乐的情绪，而不仅仅是“笑容、微笑”的意思。

我在花园里种满了芬芳的玫瑰花，远远望去，像一片燃烧的晚霞。

我想等朋友来做客的时候，让他们携带些玫瑰回家。

我相信朋友捧着火红的玫瑰渐渐走远的背影，一定能点燃易感的情怀。

All over my garden I've planted nothing but roses, fragrant and--If looked at from afar--ablaze with colour like sunset clouds. I would be very happy if any one of my visiting friends should desire to pick and take some for their homes. I trust that any friend of mine carrying the roses would vanish into the distance feeling that his emotion had been rekindled.译这一句时要注意中文的说话方式：我......玫瑰花，（我或者人们）远远望去，（玫瑰）像一片......，我......让他们......。

中文叙事的角度是不停变化的，而且，第一部分“我......玫瑰花”重点是在“种满了”上。

译文考虑了这些因素，将“种满了”用all over my garden放到句首加以突出，使这一部分所表达的意思在语气的分量上与原文相当。

然后用"I"作为主语，把整句串起来，作为这一段叙述的中心。

“我想”是说我的一种愿望，所以译为I would be very happy if...; should是表示将来的一种可能性；for their homes看似与原文不符，但原文的“带......回家”并不是说带回去就完事了，而是说要用玫瑰花装点居室，带花为的是(for)美化他们的家。

《故乡的雨》英译散文赏析《故乡的雨》英译散文赏析故乡的Rain in My Old Hom唐弢Tang Tao| 译文摘自张培基《英译中国散文选二》江南的春天素称多雨，一落就是七八天。

住在上海的人们，平日既感不到雨的需要，一旦下雨，天气是那么阴沉，谁也耐不住闷在狭小的家里；可是跑到外面，没有山，没有湖，也没有经雨的嫩绿的叶子，一切都不及晴天好；有时阔人的汽车从你的身旁驰过，还带一身泥污回来。

Spring in the south is known to be rainy. During this season, it never rains there but it remains wet for seven or eight days on end. Dwellers in Shanghai, who usually do not feel the need for rain, will be bored with having to confine themselves in their close quarters when outside it is gloomy with rain. While in the open, seeing no mountains, nor lakes, nor rain-drenched soft green l eaves, you’ll find nothing comparable to a fine day. Sometimes, worse still, a rich man’s car flashing past may splash you all over with mud.要点：1，“一落就是七八天”译为it never rains there but it remains wet for seven or eight days on end.，相当于 it never rains there without remaining wet for seven or eight days on end,其中wet 作rainy,on end 意为continuously,或at a time.常用never but +主语+动词，表达“未有…而不…”之意（双重否定表肯定~~），也可译为”总是“如He never comes but he brings something for the children.他哪次来都要给孩子们带些东西。