西格玛BC12.12说明书

产品使用说明书一体化温度变送器大连西格玛仪器有限公司目录1、概述 (3)2、工作原理 (3)3、技术特性 (3)4、外形结构 (4)5、电气特性 (5)6、安装和使用 (6)7、开箱及成套性 (7)8、其他 (8)1、概述一体化温度变送器是集温度测量、变送输出于一体的温度变送器。

内部电路设计合理，外部结构灵活方便，产品使用稳定可靠，广泛应用于如煤炭、化工等生产现场存在碳氢化合物等爆炸性混合物的部门，直接测量－20℃～400℃范围内的气体、液体和蒸汽介质的温度，是目前理想的温度测量仪表。

2、工作原理一体化温度变送器主要由以下三部分组成：（1）感温元件（2）恒压源供电电路（3）信号放大处理电路感温元件采用温度敏感元件Pt100铂电阻温度传感器，其电阻随温度变化而变化并呈一定的函数关系，以此作为惠斯通电桥的一个桥臂，构成一个不平衡电桥，该电桥的电压输出与感受到的温度成正比。

恒压源供电电路可提供2.5V和5V两路恒压源，用于激励感温元件所在的惠斯通电桥工作。

信号放大处理电路用于将惠斯通电桥产生的电压信号线性放大处理后并转换成4～20mADC工业标准信号。

3、技术特性一体化温度变送器采用国际先进生产工艺及电子元部件，在严格的质量保证体系的保障下生产制造，具有结构合理、安装方便、精度高、工作稳定可靠等优点。

3.1主要性能特点（1）稳定性高：每年优于0.5%满量程。

（2）温度误差小：由于在生产过程中对产品部件严格的检验，以及完善的生产工艺对产品的校准及补偿，使之不仅具有精度等级高，而且还具有极小的温度误差。

（3）实用性强：量程宽，过程连接形式多样化，制造材料、结构多样化，因而可适应工业测量中的多种场合及介质。

（4）安装维修方便：产品结构设计合理、接口灵活方便，可直接任意位置安装在各测量点，而不影响其性能。

3.2主要参数4、外形结构无固定装置螺纹连接法兰连接5、电气特性5.1电气连接示意图5.2负载特性6、安装和使用6.1 环境条件a 环境温度 －10℃～55℃b 相对湿度 ≤80%c 大气压力 86～106Kpa 6.2 注意事项一体化温度变送器具有结构合理、安装和维护方便等特点，但安装维护过程中应注意以下几项：（1）安装前请仔细阅读产品使用说明书，注意产品过程连接方式是否和现场一致，小心安装，注意密封；注意电气连接电缆不要过分绞拧，以免损坏。

ALMFC12 GRINDER ATTACHMENT OPERATOR’S MANUALPersons under age 18 are not permitted to operate or have accessibilityto operate this equipment per U.S. Dept. Of Labor Employment Standards Administration Fact Sheet No. ESA913.ALMFC12 REV ATO INSURE BOTH SAFE AND TROUBLE-FREE PERFORMANCE WE STRESS THAT ALL PERSONNEL THAT WILL BE INVOLVED WITH YOUR NEW UNIVEX MEAT AND FOOD CHOPPER MUST READ AND UNDERSTAND THESE INSTRUCTIONS BEFORE ATTEMPTINGTO OPERATE THIS UNIT.•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••WE APPRECIATE YOUR COOPERATION AND YOUR BUSINESS. SHOULD THERE BE A QUESTION OR IF WE CAN BE OF FURTHERASSISTANCE,PLEASE CALL US.1-603-893-6191INTRODUCTIONPlease read the following instructions carefully before assembling the ALMFC12Meat and Food Chopper.This instruction manual contains vital information concerning inspection,safe operation and cleaning of the unit.INSPECTIONThe A LMFC12Meat and Food Chopper has been inspected and tested at the factory,however,the user should inspect the unit and compare the parts received with the parts list on page4prior to use.Any damage should be reported to the carrier immediately and any shortage or deviation of parts should be reported to Univex Corporation.INSTALLATIONBefore attempting to mount the ALMFC12Meat and Food Chopper to the power source equipment for processing,be sure all equipment is located to save the operator steps and that sufficient clearance is provided all around for safety and ease of operation.SAFETYThe Univex ALMFC12Meat and Food Chopper is supplied with a feed pan and a feed stomper. Product to be processed should always be inserted into the chopper housing throat by way of the pan and pressed into the worm with the stomper.NEVER ATTEMPT TO FEED PRODUCT WITH YOUR FINGERS OR USE ANY UTENSILS OTHER THAN THE STOMPER TO PUSH PRODUCT INTO THE CHOPPER.NEVER PUT FINGERS OR OBJECTS INTO THE HOLES IN THE PLATES.TO A VOID ACCIDENTAL START-UPS,DISCONNECT THE ELECTRICAL POWER TO THE POWER SOURCE EQUIPMENT BEFORE MOUNTING OR DISMOUNTING THE ALMFC12 MEAT AND FOOD CHOPPER.ALL POWER SOURCE EQUIPMENT IS PROVIDED WITH A THUMB SCREW ON THE POWER TAKE-OFF HOUSING.MAKE SURE THIS THUMB SCREW IS FIRMLY TIGHTENED BEFORE OPERATING THE MEAT AND FOOD CHOPPER.ALWAYS REMOVE THE MEAT AND FOOD CHOPPER FROM THE POWER SOURCE EQUIPMENT BEFORE CLEANING.NEVER ATTEMPT TO WASH OR RINSE THE MEAT AND FOOD CHOPPER WITH A HOSE IF THE MEAT AND FOOD CHOPPER IS MOUNTED TO THE POWER SOURCE EQUIPMENT.HOSING A MOUNTED MEAT AND FOOD CHOPPER INVITES ELECTRICAL SHOCK.IT IS A VIOLATION OF UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR REGULATIONS TO PERMIT OPERATION OF THIS UNIT BY ANY PERSON UNDER THE AGE OF18YEARS.Page1ASSEMBLY AND LUBRICATIONBefore assembling the ALMFC12Meat and Food Chopper wash all components thoroughly according to the cleaning instructions below.Lubricate the drive shaft and the fiber washer with a light coat of sanitary Petrol-Gel.Do not lubricate with cooking oil;it becomes gummy.Lubricate the knife and the plate with a light coat of beef tallow.To assemble the ALMFC12Meat and Food Chopper:•Coat the knife and plate with Petrol-Gel.•Place the knife,sharp edges facing out,on the square extension of the worm assembly.•Place the plate on the pin in the end of the worm and into the chopper housing aligning the notch in the plate with the pin in the chopper housing.•Screw the ring onto the chopper housing using minimum force.The ring controls the pressure between the knife and the plate.Too much pressure will damage the knife and the plate.Adjusting the ring will not change the consistency of the product,consistency is determinedby the plate you use.Do not run the ALMFC12Meat and Food Chopper unless it is processing product.The knife and plate are easily ruined by running dry.MOUNTINGDISCONNECT THE ELECTRICAL POWER TO THE POWER SOURCE EQUIPMENT BEFORE MOUNTING THE ALMFC12MEAT AND FOOD CHOPPER.To mount the ALMFC12Meat and Food Chopper slide the chopper assembly,without the pan and stomper,into the power take-off hub of the power source equipment.Align the pin in the chopper housing with the hole in the power take-off hub and slide the chopper assembly all the way into the hub. Make sure there is a firm fit between the drive shaft and the mating power take-off adapter provided with the power source equipment.Tighten the thumb screw on the power take-off hub.Fit the pan to the chopper housing and connect the electrical power to the power source equipment.Page2OPERATING THE ALMFC12MEAT AND FOOD CHOPPER•Slice meat into strips,not chunks,which will easily slip down the throat of the chopper housing.•Place a suitable container at the discharge of the chopper.•Place the meat in the feed pan and turn the power source equipment on.•Hand feed the meat into the chopper.DO NOT place fingers inside the throat of the chopper,use the stomper to push the meat into the worm.•If the power source equipment is a food mixing machine,adjust the speed from“1”to a speed that produces the best results.•Do not use the stomper to force feed the meat into the chopper at an increased rate.Best results are obtained when the meat is fed only as fast as the chopper processes it.•Switch the power“OFF”when processing is interrupted.Do not run the chopper when it is not processing product.•When the processing has been completed,switch the power“OFF”and disconnect the power supply cord.CLEANINGFor proper sanitation,dismount and wash the ALMFC12Meat and Food Chopper immediately after use. Disassemble the components and hand wash them in a warm water and mild soap solution.Handle the knife carefully,IT IS SHARP AND CAN EASILY CUT FINGERS.Dry the components with a soft cloth.Store the unit in a refrigerator after cleaning for extra sanitation.REPAIRProblems with the ALMFC12Meat and Food Chopper usually be traced to improper assembly, mounting,dull,worn,or broken parts.Check for solutions in that order.Page3ALMFC12MEAT AND FOOD CHOPPERFIGURE2WarrantyThe Univex ALMFC Meat and Food Chopper carries asix (6) month, carry-in parts and labor warranty againstany defects in materials or workmanship. The six monthperiod begins on the date of purchase by the end user andremains in full effect provided the unit is used properlyand in accordance with our instructions for six months.Please call the Univex Warranty Service Department at800-258-6358 to report warranty claims before arrangingrepair of the unit. The unit must be delivered to Univexauthorized service agent or to the Univex facility forwarranty repairs. The end user is responsible for all travelor shipping charges arising from the repair or servicing ofthis unit under warranty. Any service or repair must takeplace in the United States. Univex will not cover over-time charges of any kind.Damages incurred in transit or incurred because ofinstallation error, accident, alteration, or misuse are notcovered by this warranty. Transit damages should bereported to the carrier immediately.Univex will not be liable for any consequential,compensatory, incidental or special damages.3 Old Rockingham Road, Salem, N.H. 03079-2140 Telephone -603-893-6191 Fax 1-603-893-1249。

C-DIAS PROCESSOR MODULECCP 521C-DIAS Processor ModuleThe CCP 521 processor module runs the control program and thereby represents an essential component of an automation system. The internal DC/DC converter powers all modules on a C-DIAS module carrier. The VARAN bus, the CAN bus, an Ethernet interface or the USB device (Mini USB) can be used as the online interface connection. A 7-segment display and 2 status LEDs provide information on the actual status of the CPU. For program updates, the integrated USB Host interface can be used (USB stick, keyboard). With help from the exchangeable SD card, the entire control program can be easily exchanged. The CCP 521 processor module is designed to be mounted in the control cabinet.CCP 521Compatibility Completely PC-compatible. The CCP 521 works with standard PC BIOS and therefore no SIGMATEK-specific BIOS is needed; the LASAL operating system in provided.26.05.2010Page 1CCP 521C-DIAS PROCESSOR MODULETechnical DataPerformance dataProcessor Addressable I/O/P modules EDGE-Technology X86 compatible VARAN bus: 65,280 CAN bus: 32 C-DIAS bus: 8 No 32-kbyte L1 Cache 256-kbyte L2 Cache AMI 64 Mbytes 512 Kbytes 1-Gbyte micro SD card 1 x USB Host 2.0 (full speed 12 Mbit/s) 1 x USB Device 1.1 1 x Ethernet 1 x CAN 1 x VARAN 1 x C-DIAS Yes Yes Yes Yes (buffering approximately 10 days)Internal I/O Internal cache BIOS Internal program and data memory (DDR2 RAM) Internal remnant data memory Internal storage device (IDE) Interface connectionsData buffer Status display Status LEDs Real-time clockPage 2 a26.05.2010C-DIAS PROCESSOR MODULE Electrical requirementsSupply voltage Current consumption of (+24 V) power supply Starting current Power supply on the C-DIAS bus Current load on C-DIAS bus (power supply for I/O/P modules). Typically 150 mA +18 –30 V DCCCP 521Maximum 500 mAFor a very short time (~20 ms) : 30 A Supplied by the CCP 521 Maximum 1.2 AStandard configurationEthernet 1 CAN bus IP: 10.10.150.1 Station: 00 Subnet-Mask:255.0.0.0 Baud rate: 01 = 500 kBaudProblems can arise if a control is connected to an IP network, which contains modules that do not contain a SIGMATEK operating system. With such devices, Ethernet packets could be sent to the control with such a high frequency (i.e. broadcasts), that the high interrupt load could cause a real-time runtime error. By configuring the packet filter (Firewall or Router) accordingly however, it is possible to connect a network with SIGMATEK hardware to a third party network without triggering the error mentioned above.26.05.2010Page 3CCP 521 MiscellaneousArticle number Hardware version Project back-up StandardC-DIAS PROCESSOR MODULE12-104-521 1.x Internally on the micro SD card UL in preparationEnvironmental conditionsStorage temperature Operating temperature Humidity EMV stabilityShock resistance Protection Type -10 –+85 °C 0 –+50 °C 10 - 90 %, uncondensed According to EN 61000-6-2 (industrial area) EN 60068-2-27 EN 60529 150 m/s? IP 20Page 426.05.2010C-DIAS PROCESSOR MODULECCP 521Mechanical Dimensions104.10 (dimensioning incl. covers)109.212924.9026.05.2010Page 5CCP 521C-DIAS PROCESSOR MODULEConnector LayoutPC通讯底层通讯电源Page 626.05.2010C-DIAS PROCESSOR MODULE X1: USB Device 1.1CCP 521Pin 1 2 3 4 5Assignment +5 V DD+ GNDX2: USB Host 2.0Pin 1 2 3 4 Assignment +5 V DD+ GNDIt should be noted that many USB devices on the market do not comply with the relevant EMC standards for industrial environments. Connecting such a device can lead to malfunctions.X3: EthernetPin 1 2 3 4-5 6 7-8 Assignment TX+ TXRX+ RX-X4: VARANPin 1 2 3 4-5 6 7-8 Assignment TX+ / RX+ TX- / RXRX+ / TX+ RX- / TX-26.05.2010Page 7CCP 521 X5: CAN-BusC-DIAS PROCESSOR MODULE12Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6Assignment CAN A (CAN LOW) CAN B (High) CAN A (CAN LOW) CAN B (High) GND -56X6: Power plug1Pin 1 2Assignment +24 V supply GNDX7: micro SD card Sandisk SDSDQ-1024-KPage 826.05.2010C-DIAS PROCESSOR MODULE Exchanging the micro SD cardCCP 521The micro SD card is located under the LED cover.To exchange the micro SD card, carefully lift the LED cover.The micro SD card is located on the left side and can be disengaged by lightly pressing on the card itself.Remove the micro SD card.26.05.2010Page 9CCP 521C-DIAS PROCESSOR MODULEApplicable connectors USB Device: USB Host: Ethernet: VARAN: CAN-Bus: Supply: 5-pin, type mini B 4-pin, type A 8-pin, RJ45 8-pin, RJ45 6-pin Weidmüller plug, B2L3, 5/6 2-pin Phoenix plug with screw terminal technology MC1, 5/2-ST-3,5 2-pin Phoenix plug with spring terminal FK-MCP1, 5/2-ST-3Page 10 a26.05.2010C-DIAS PROCESSOR MODULECCP 521Status DisplaysEthernet LED Active Link Color Yellow Green Description Lights when data is exchanged over Ethernet Lights when the connection betweenthe two PHYs is established VARAN LED Active Link Color Yellow Green Description Lights when data is exchanged over the VARAN bus Lights when the connection between the two PHYs is established Control LED ERROR DCOK Color Red Green Description Lights when an error occurs (defective USV) Lights when the power supply is OK26.05.2010Page 11CCP 521C-DIAS PROCESSOR MODULEDisplayThe CCP 521 processor module has a 2-digit decimal display (7 segment display) for the following functions:- When configuring the processor module, the parameters are shown in the display. - If an error occurs while running the program or no valid user program is found, the displayshows an error message. Thereby, "Er" (error) and the error code aredisplayed alternatingly. The same error code is also shown in the LASAL status line.- While running the program, the display can be used to show digits using the system vari-able _cpuDisplay. Valid values are 0 to 255; values over 99, however, are not shown and the display remains dark.Page 1226.05.2010C-DIAS PROCESSOR MODULECCP 521CAN Bus SetupThis section explains how to configure a CAN bus correctly. The following parameters must first be set: Station number and data transfer rate. CAN bus station number Each CAN bus station is assigned its own station number. With this station number, data can be exchanged with other stations connected to the bus. Up to 31 stations can be installed in a CANbus system. However, each station number can only be assigned once. CAN bus data transfer rate The data transfer rate (baud rate) for the CAN bus can be set. However, the longer the length of the bus, the smaller the transfer rate that must be selected.Value 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07Baud rate 615 kBit/s 500 kbit/s 250 kBit/s 125 kBit/s 100 kBit/s 50 kBit/s 20 kBit/s 1 Mbit / sMaximum length 60 m 80 m 160 m 320 m 400 m 800 m 1200 m 30 mThese values are valid for the following cable: 120 ?, Twisted Pair. NOTE: the following is valid for the CAN bus protocol: 1 kBit/s = 1 kBaud.26.05.2010Page 13CCP 521C-DIAS PROCESSOR MODULEConfiguration of the Process ModulePage 1426.05.2010C-DIAS PROCESSOR MODULECCP 521To enter the mode for setting changes, press and hold the SETbutton while the C-IPC is booting. When the following appears in the display:the SET button can be released. After releasing the SET button, the first menu appears in the display.With several short presses of the SET button, it is possible to switch through the various menu points. By pressing the SET button for approximately 1.5 s, the menu is accessed and the setting can be changed with short presses. Once the desired changes are made, press the SET button for about 5 seconds to end the process. If the changes areto be discarded, press the RESET button to restart the C-IPC. The settings for the IP address, subnet mask and gateway are hexadecimal, whereas in the left and right digits, 0 - F must be entered separately. The switch occurs when the SET button is pressed for about 1.5 s. The values from AUTOEXEC.LSL are used as the standard settings; changes are written back to this file. Before this, the original content of the file is written to AUTOEXEC.BAK.26.05.2010Page 15 aCCP 521C-DIAS PROCESSOR MODULEC1 ... CAN PLC station 00 –30 ... Station numberC2 ... CAN PLC baud rate 00 ... 615.000 01 …500.000 02 …250.000 03 …125.000 04 …100.000 05 …50.000 06 …20.000 07 …1.000.000 I1, I2, I3, I4 IP address I1.I2.I3.I4, Hexadecimal 00 –FF respectivelyS1,S2,S3,S4 Subnet Mask S1.S2.S3.S4, hexadecimal 00 –FFrespectivelyG1,G2,G3,G4 Gateway G1,G2.G3.G4, hexadecimal 00 –FF respectivelyPage 16 a26.05.2010C-DIAS PROCESSOR MODULECCP 521CAN Bus TerminationIn a CAN bus system, both end modules must be terminated. This is necessary to avoid transmission errors caused by reflections in the line.Device 1e.g. CPU DCP 080 CAN-Bustermination on terminal moduleDevice 2e.g. Terminal ET 081Device 3Device ne.g. Terminal ET 805 D-SUB-plug with terminating resistorsCAN-Bus-ConnectionsIf the CCP 521 processor module is an end module, it can be terminated by placing a 150Ohm resistor between CAN-A (Low) and CAN-B (High).1 x 150-Ohm resistor26.05.2010Page 17CCP 521C-DIAS PROCESSOR MODULEWiring and Mounting InstructionsEarth ConnectionThe CCP 521 must be connected to earth over the mounting on the back wall of the control cabinet or over the earth terminal provided (C-DIAS module carrier). It is important to create a low-ohm earth connection, only then can error-free operation be guaranteed. The earth connection should have the maximum cross section and the largest electrical surface possible. Any noise signals that reach the CCP 521 over external cables must be filtered out over the earth connection. With a large (electrical) surface, high frequency noise can also be well dissipated.Page 1826.05.2010C-DIAS PROCESSOR MODULECCP 521ShieldingThe wiring for the CAN bus, Ethernet and VARAN bus must be shielded. The low-ohm shielding is either connected at the entry to the control cabinet or directly before the CCP 521 processor module over a large surface (cable grommets, grounding clamps)! Noise signals can thereforebe prohibited from reaching the electronics and affecting the function.ESD ProtectionBefore any device is connected to or disconnected from the CCP 521, the potential with ground should be equalized (by touching the control cabinet or earth terminal). Static electricity (from clothing, footwear) can therefore be reduced.26.05.2010Page 19CCP 521C-DIAS PROCESSOR MODULEProcess DiagramMain voltage onOnline with Lasal Software?noyes Output of a reset of the peripheral modules Output of a reset of the peripheral modulesDeletion of specific data areasDeletion of specific data areasStatus RESETProgram in external memory module functional?noyes Copy program into application program memory Program in internal memory module functional? noyes Status RUN ROM Copy program into application program memory Status CHKSUM or POINTERCall of application programStatus RUN ROMCall of application programPage 2026.05.2010C-DIAS PROCESSOR MODULECCP 521Status and Error MessagesStatus and error messages are shown in the status test of the Lasal Class software. If the CPU has a status display, the status or error number is also show here as well. POINTER or CHKSUM messages can also be shown on the terminal screen.Number 00 Message RUN RAM Definition The user program is currently running in RAM. The display is not affected. 01 RUN ROM The user program in the program memory module was loaded into the RAM and is currently being run. The display is not affected. 02 RUNTIME The total duration of all cyclic objects exceeds the maximum time; the time can beconfigured using 2 system variables: -Runtime: time remaining -SWRuntime: pre-selected value for the runtime counter 03 POINTER Incorrect program pointers were detected before running the user program Possible Causes: Cause/solution- The program memory module ismissing, not programmed or defect.- The program in the user programmemory (RAM) is not executable.- The user program is overwriting asoftware error Solution:- Reprogram the memory module, if theerror reoccurs exchange the module.- Correct programming error04 CHKSUM An invalid checksum was detected before running the user program. Cause/solution: s. POINTER26.05.2010Page 21CCP 52105C-DIAS PROCESSOR MODULEWatchdog The program was interrupted through the watchdog logic. Possible Causes:- User program interrupts blockedover a longer period of time (STI command forgotten)- Programming error in a hardwareinterrupt.- INB, OUTB, INW, OUTW instructions used incorrectly.- The processor is defect.Solution:- Correct programming error.- Exchange CPU. 06 07 GENERAL ERROR PROM DEFECT General error An error has occurred while programming the memory module. Cause:- The program memory module isdefect.- The user program is too large. - The program memory module is missing. Solution:- Exchange the program memorymodule 08 Reset The CPU has received the reset signal and is waiting for further instructions. The user program is not processed. 09 WD DEFEKT The hardware monitoring circuit (watchdog logic) is defect. After power-up, the CPU checks the watchdog logic function. If an error occurs during this test, the CPU deliberately enters an infinite loop from which no further instructions are accepted. 10 11 12 13 14 STOP PROG BUSYS PROGRAM LENGTH PROG END PROG MEMO The memory module was successfully completed. The CPU is currently programming the memory module. Solution: Exchange CPU.Page 2226.05.2010C-DIAS PROCESSOR MODULE15 16 17 STOP BRKPT CPU STOP INT ERROR The CPU was stopped by a breakpoint in the program. The CPU was stopped by the PG software (F6 HALT in status test). The CPU has triggered a false interrupt and stopped the user program or has encountered an unknown instruction while running the program. Cause:CCP 521- A nonexistent operating system wasused.- Stack error (uneven number of PUSHand POP instructions).- The user program was interrupted bya software error. Solution: - Correct programming error. 18 19 2021 22 SINGLE STEP Ready LOAD UNZUL. Modul MEMORY FULL The CPU is insingle step mode and is waiting for further instructions. A module or project has been sent to the CPU and it is ready to run the program. Theprogram has stopped and is receiving a module or project. The CPU has received a module, which does not belong to the project. The operating system memory /Heap) is too small. No more memory could be reserved, when an internal or interface function was called from theapplication. When starting the CPU, a missing module or a module that does not belong to the project was detected. A division error has occurred. Possible Causes:23NOT LINKED24DIV BY 0- Division by 0. - The result of a division does not fit inthe result register. Solution: - Correct programming error.26.05.2010Page 23CCP 52125C-DIAS PROCESSOR MODULEDIAS ERROR An error has occurred accessing a DIAS module. while Possible Causes:- An attempt is made to accessa nonexistent DIAS module.- DIAS bus error.Solution:- Check the DIAS bus - Check the termination resistors. 26 27 28 29 30 WAIT OP PROG OP INSTALLED OS TOO LONG NO OPERATING SYSTEM The CPU is busy. The operating system is currently being reprogrammed. The operating system has been reinstalled. The operating system cannot be loaded; too little memory. Boot loader message. No operating system found in RAM. 31 32 33 34 SEARCH FOR OS NO DEVICE UNUSED CODE MEM ERROR The operating system loaded does not match the hardware configuration. The boot loader is searching for the operating system inRAM.35 36 37MAX IO MODULE LOAD ERROR GENERELLER BS-FEHLER The LASAL Module or project cannot be loaded. A general error has occurred while loading the operating system. An error has occurred in the application memory (user heap).38 39 40 41APPLMEM ERROR OFFLINE APPL LOAD APPL SAVEPage 2426.05.2010C-DIAS PROCESSOR MODULE46 47 50 APPL-LOAD-ERROR APPL-SAVE-ERROR ACCESS-EXCEPTIONERROR BOUND EXCEEDED PRIVILEDGED INSTRUCTION An error has occurred loading the application. whileCCP 521An error has occurred while attempting to save the application. Read or write access of a restricted memory area. (I.e. writing to the NULL pointer). An exception error caused by exceeding the memory limits An unauthorized instruction for the current CPU level was given. For example, setting the segment register. An error has occurred during a floating-point operation. Error from ASMaster. the Intelligent DIRestart; report error to Sigmatek.51 5253 60 64 65 66 67FLOATING POINT ERROR DIAS-RISC-ERROR INTERNAL ERROR FILE ERROR DEBUG ASSERTION FAILED REALTIME RUNTIMEAn internal error has occurred, all applications are stopped. An error has occurred during a file operation. Internal error. The total duration of all real-time objects exceeds the maximum time; the time cannot be configured. 2 ms for 386 CPUs 1 ms for all other CPUsRestart; report error to Sigmatek. Starting from Version 1.1.768BACKGROUND RUNTIMEThe total time for all background objects exceed the maximum time; the time can be configured using two system variables: -BTRuntime: time remaining -SWBTRuntime: pre-selected value for the runtime counter95 96 97 98USER DEFINED 0 USER DEFINED 1 USER DEFINED 2 USER DEFINED 3User-definable code. User-definable code. User-definable code.User-definable code.26.05.2010Page 25CCP 52199 100 101 102 103 104 105 106C-DIAS PROCESSOR MODULEUSER DEFINED 4 C_INIT C_RUNRAM C_RUNROM C_RUNTIME C_READY C_OKC_UNKNOWN_CID The CPU is ready for operation. The CPU is ready for operation. An unknown class from a standalong or embedded object: unknown base class. The operating system class cannot be created; the operating system is probably wrong. Reference to an unknown object in an interpreter program, creation of more than one DCC080 object. The hardware module number is greater than 60. No connection to the required channels. Wrong server attribute. No specific error, recompile all and reload project components. An attempt was made to open an unknown table.Memory allocation error Memory allocation error User-definable code. Initialization start; the configuration is run. The LASAL project was successfully started from RAM. The LASAL project was successfullystarted from ROM.107C_UNKNOWN_CONSTR108C_UNKNOWN_OBJECT109 110 111 112 113 114 115C_UNKNOWN_CHNL C_WRONG_CONNECT C_WRONG_ATTR C_SYNTAX_ERRORC_NO_FILE_OPEN C_OUTOF_NEAR C_OUT OF_FARPage 2626.05.2010C-DIAS PROCESSOR MODULE116 117 224 225 C_INCOMAPTIBLE C_COMPATIBLE LINKING LINKING ERROR An object with the same name exists but has another class. An object with the same name and class exists but must be updated. The application is currently linking. An error has occurred while linking. An error messaged is generated in the LASAL status window. Linking is complete. The operating system is currently being burned into the Flash memory. An error has occurred while burning the operating system. The operatingsystem is currently being installed. The power supply was disconnected; the UPS is active. The operating system is restarted.CCP 521226 230 231 232 240 241 242 243 252 253 254 255LINKING DONE OP BURN OP BURN FAIL OP INSTALL USV-WAIT Reboot LSL SAVE LSL LOAD CONTINUE PRERUN PRERESET CONNECTION BREAKThe application is started. The application is ended.26.05.2010Page 27CCP 521C-DIAS PROCESSOR MODULEApplication exceptionsSRAM and IRQ routines Writing remnant data during interruptroutines is not allowed and leads to a system crash. SRAM and consistency of changed data If more than 32 different sectors are changed (512 byteseach) shortly before shutting down the voltage supply while the user program is writing to the micro SD card, this can sometimes lead to partial loss of remnant data. The file system does not support safe writing through SRAM If files are stored, modified or written on the micro SD card from the user program, these files must always be storedwith a fixed maximum size. Since changes in size and the simultaneous shutdown of the voltage supply can corrupt the file system, a later change in the file size is not allowed. Data Breakpoint This CPU does not support the data breakpoint is a feature.Page 2826.05.2010C-DIAS PROCESSOR MODULECCP 521Recommended Shielding for VARANThe real-time VARAN Ethernet bus system exhibits very robust characteristics in industrial environments. Through the use of IEEE 802.3 standard Ethernet physics, the potentials between an Ethernet line andsending/receiving components are separated. Messages to a bus participant are immediately repeated by the VARAN Manager in the event of an error. The shielding described below is principally recommended. For applications in which the bus is run outside the control cabinet, the correct shielding is required. Especially when for structural reasons, the bus line must be placed next to strong electromagnetic interference. It is recommended to avoid placing Varan bus linesparallel to power cables whenever possible. SIGMATEK recommends the use of CAT5e industrial Ethernet bus cables. For the shielding, an S-FTP cable should be used. An S-FTP bus is a symmetric, multi-wire cable withunshielded pairs. For the total shielding, a combination of foil and braiding is used. A non-laminated variant is recommended.The VARAN cable must be secured at a distance of 20 cm from the connector for protection against vibration!26.05.2010Page 29CCP 521C-DIAS PROCESSOR MODULE1. Wiring from the Control Cabinet to an External VARAN ComponentIf the Ethernet lines are connected from a VARAN component to a VARAN node located outside the control cabinet, the shielding should be placed at the entry point to the control cabinet housing. All noise can then be dissipated before reaching the electronic components.Page 3026.05.2010C-DIAS PROCESSOR MODULECCP 5212. Wiring Outside of the Control CabinetIf a VARAN bus cable must be placed outside of the control cabinet, additional shielding is not required. Outside of the control cabinet,IP67 modules and connectors are used exclusively. These components are very robust and noise resistant. The shielding for all sockets in IP67modules is electrically connected internally or over the housing, whereby voltage spikes are not deflected through the electronics.26.05.2010Page 31CCP 521C-DIAS PROCESSOR MODULE3. Shielding for Wiring Within the Control CabinetSources of strong electromagnetic noise located within the control cabinet (drives, Transformers, etc.) can induce interference in a VARAN bus line. Voltage spikes are dissipated over the metallic housing of aRJ45 connector. Noise is conducted over the control cabinet without additional measures needed on the circuit board of electronic components. To avoid error sources with data exchange, it is recommended that shielding be placed before any electronic components in the control cabinet.Page 3226.05.2010C-DIAS PROCESSOR MODULECCP 5214. Connecting Noise-Generating Components.When connecting power lines to the bus that generate strong electromagnetic noise, the correct shielding is also important. The shielding should be placed before a power element (or group of power elements).26.05.2010Page 33CCP 521C-DIAS PROCESSOR MODULE5. Shielding Between Two Control CabinetsIf two control cabinets must be connected over a VARAN bus, it is recommended that the shielding be located at the entry points of each cabinet. Noise is therefore prevented from reaching the electronic components in both cabinets.Page 3426.05.2010。

西格玛马弗炉说明书A.新炉的耐火材料里含有水分，另外为使加热元件生成氧化层，在开始使用前，必须先在低温下烘烤数小时并逐渐升温至900℃，且保持5小时以上，以防炉膛受潮后因温度的急剧变化而破裂。

B.在马弗炉加热时，炉外套也会变热，应使炉子远离易燃物，并保持炉外易散热。

C.加热元件的工作寿命取决于其表面的氧化层，破坏氧化层会缩短加热元件的寿命，而每次停机都会对氧化层有所损害，因此开机后应避免停机。

D.使用时炉温不得超过最高温度，以免烧毁电热元件，并禁止向炉膛内灌注各种液体及熔解的金属。

E.在做灰化试验时，一定要先将样品在电炉上充分碳化后，再放入灰化炉中，以防碳的积累损坏加热元件。

F.几次循环加热后，炉子的绝缘材料可能出现裂纹，这些裂纹是热膨胀引起的，对炉子的质量没有影响。

G.马弗炉为实验用品，不得移作它用，样品一定要用洁净的坩埚盛放，不得污染炉膛。

H.电阻炉使用时，要经常照看，防止自控失灵造成事故，晚间无人值班时，切勿使用电阻炉。

I.马弗炉使用完毕，应切断电源，使其自然降温。

不应立即打开炉门，以免炉膛突然受冷碎裂，如急用，可先开一条小缝，让其降温加快，待降温度降至200℃以下时，方可开炉门。

J.使用马弗炉时，需注意安全，谨防烫伤。

K.根据技术要求经常检查控制器各接线头的接线是否良好，指示仪指针在运动时有无卡住滞呆现象。

L.至少一个月检测一次按钮，清洁一次炉膛，清洁炉膛需在不通电情况下进行。

马弗炉使用方法（使用注意事项）1.第一次使用或长期停用后再次使用时应先进行烘炉，温度200～600℃，时间约4小时。

2.使用时炉膛温度不得超过最高炉温，也不要长时间工作在额定温度以上。

3.工作环境要求无易燃易物品和腐蚀性气体。

4.为确保使用安全，必须加装地线，并良好接地。

5.使用时炉门要轻关轻开，以防损坏机件。