中考英语句子结构与成分技巧(很有用)及练习题

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中考英语句子结构与成分技巧(很有用)及练习题

一、句子结构与成分

1.I feel very lonely, and my eyes fill with tears.

(选出表语)

A. feel B. lonely C. my eyes D. fill

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:我感到很孤独,我的眼中充满泪水。feel,感觉,系动词,后面跟形容词作表语,lonely意为孤单的,形容词,作表语。故选B。

【点评】此题考查句子的结构成分。根据句子的结构确定每个划线部分在句子中充当的成分,选出正确答案。

2.—What an interesting story she told us!

—Yes, and her voice sounded ________.

A. sweet

B. small

C. clearly D. sadly

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:——他给我们讲的是多么有趣的故事啊!——是的,她的声音听起来很甜美。sweet甜的;small小的;clearly清楚地;sadly伤心地。sound是系动词,后跟形容词,故选A。

【点评】考查系表结构。

3.Choose the correct structure(结构) of this sentence "He lent me a book."

A. S+V+O B. S+V+IO+DO C. S+V+P

D. S+V+DO+OC

【答案】B

【解析】【分析】句意“He lent me a book”。he为主语S;lent为谓语V;me为间接宾语IO; a book为直宾DO。故结构为S+V+IO+DO。故选B。

【点评】此题考查简单句的结构。

4.This cake is really big. _______ share it.

A. May be we can B. We may be can C. Maybe we can D. Maybe can we

【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意“蛋糕真的很大,也许我们可以分享它”。maybe为副词,也许,可能,放于句首。may be中may是情态动词,be是动词原形,为系表结构,译为“也许是,可能是”。根据句意,故选C。

【点评】此题考查简单句和副词的用法。

5.What is the sentence pattern(句型)of the sentence"Linda bought a book yesterday."?

A. S+V B. S+V+O C. S+V +IO +DO D. S+V+O+OC

【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意:"Linda bought a book yesterday."属于哪种句型。A是主谓结构;B是主谓宾结构;C是主谓+间接宾语+直接宾语;D是主谓+宾语+宾补。Linda是主语(S);bought是谓语动词(V),a book是宾语(O);故答案为C。

【点评】考查简单句的基本结构。

6.The boy_______ black hair_______ a blue coat.

A. has; has B. with; in C. has; wears D. with; wears

【答案】D

【解析】【分析】句意:留着黑头发的男孩穿着一件蓝色大衣。一个句子中不能出现两个谓语动词故选项A和C错误,B选项两个介词,放在句中缺少谓语动词,with具有,with

black hair留着黑头发,介词短语修饰主语the boy, wear穿着,谓语动词,根据主语the

boy,wear用第三人称单数结构,故选D。

【点评】此题考查句子结构成分。注意句子的成分和句子的结构。

7.Gina's books _______ in the room.

A. is everywhere B. are everywhere C. is at everywhere D. are at everywhere

【答案】B

【解析】【分析】句意:Gina的书在房间里到处都是。主语是Gina's books,复数,用are,everywhere是一个副词,前面不需要用介词,故选B。

【点评】考查主系表结构。牢记主谓一致,并注意everywhere的用法。

8.______ cold in winter in Liaocheng.

A. It B. Its C. It's D. it's

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:聊城的冬天是寒冷的。A.它;B.它的;C.它是;D.它是。根据句子可知缺少主语和谓语,排除A、B。句首单词首字母大写,故选C。

【点评】考查句子结构,注意平时识记,理解句意。

9.He ________ several months every year.

A. travels with B. travels in C. travels for D. traveled

【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意:他每年在外旅游好几个月。由every year可知为一般现在时。简单句,主语+不及物动词,travel,不及物动词,不能直接跟名词作宾语,中间需连接必要的介词,for,主语是he,故用travels,故选C。

【点评】考查主语+不及物动词,注意句子时态。

10.I ________ Beijing five year ago. A. live in B. lived in C. lived on D. has living on

【答案】B

【解析】【分析】句意:五年前我住在北京。根据five year ago可知用一般过去时,简单句,主语+不及物动词,live,不及物动词,住,in,在……地方,故选B。

【点评】考查主语+不及物动词,注意句子时态。

11.A band ________ in the park yesterday.

A. playing B. was playing C. was played D. played

【答案】D

【解析】【分析】句意:乐队在公园里演奏。根据yesterday,可知用过去进行时,简单句,主语+不及物动词,play,不及物动词,演奏,故选D。

【点评】考查主语+不及物动词,注意句子时态。

12.What he ________ does not matter.

A. says B. saying C. say D. said

【答案】D

【解析】【分析】句意:他讲的没什么关系。简单句,主语+不及物动词,say,不及物动词,讲,故选D。

【点评】考查主语+不及物动词,注意句子时态。

13."Those sweet memories of summer days are about quiet streams and trees and shade." The

main structure of the sentence is .

A. S+V B. S+V+DO+OC C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+P

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:这些关于夏天甜美的记忆主要是宁静的溪流、树和影子。A、

S+V=Subject (主语) + Verb (谓语) ;B、 S+V+DO+OC=主语+谓语+宾语+宾补;C、

S+V+IO+DO =Subject(主语)+Verb(谓语)+ Indirect object(间接宾语)+Direct object

(直接宾语) ;D、S+V+P=subject+verb+predicate ,属于主系表结构;该句是主系表结构,主语是: Those sweet memories of summer days,系动词are+表语,即剩下的部分,用于说明主语,故选D。

【点评】考查句子结构,注意主谓宾结构的句子的用法。

14.Which of the following sentences is correct?

A. He came in and sat down. B. We all like .

C. When we met. He didn't say hello. D. We went out, headed for the bus stop.