British history Chapter I,II

The Tower of London
• William sailed his army across the English Channel to conquer England. On October 14, 1066, he met Harold at Hastings and conquered him. On Christmas Day later that year, William the conqueror was crowned King of England.
The Great Charter
The Beginning of the Parliament • Clause 14 states that the common consent of the kingdom was to be sought from a council of the archbishops, bishops, earls and greater Barons. This later became the great council, which led to the first parliament.
Stonehenge
Early Settlers
3. In the 1st millennium BC (公元前 1000 年 ), the Celts (凯尔特人 ) overran the British Isles. Celtic warriors were farmers when they weren’t fighting.
The Great Charter
The Beginning of the Parliament
• 注：Magna Carta (the Great Charter) 英 国大宪章。1215年，英国大封建领主和教 会反对英王约翰的一些政策，迫使他签署 了保障部分公民权和政治权利的文件，限 制国王的权力。大宪章被认为是维护公民 权不受王权侵犯的重要文件。

The industrial revolution
• Typical examples of the inventions 1. John Kay’s flying shuttle (1733) speeded up hand weaving
The industrial revolution
• 2. James Watt’s steam engine(1765)
leader
• played a critical role in the
transformation of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire
Roman Invasion (55BC-410 AD)
Leaving in around 410 A.D.
Henry VIII
Religious Reformation
Queen Elizabeth I (1558-1603) Consolidated the Church of England Defended the fruit of the Reformation in essence Golden Age of English History England advanced in such areas as foreign trade, exploration, literature, and the arts. The age of exploration began: claiming new lands for England and introducing new materials and foods. • The American State, Virginia, is named after Queen Elizabeth.

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The Glorious Revolution of 1688-L7yw1e心s0J-By SaDEreN FE6.2002
The Rise of the British Empire-The industrial revolut on-The chartist movement-The workshop of the world-Th colonial expansion-ogi tuogd-By SaDEreN-F-E0.2002
2.1 Religious Reformation-Reasons-2 religious camps:C tholic-and Protestant-Immediate cause:Henry VIII's-di orce-Act of Supremacy-Henry VIII-only supreme head of the church of England"-In essence,the Reformation was a political movement in a-religious guise-alyogi bwog -By SaDEreN-F-E0.2002
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The Divine Right of Kings-●-James I was a firm believ r in the-Divine Right of Kings.He thought of his righ -to rule as God-given,which should not be-challenged y anyone,and he preferred no-Parliament at all.-alyog bwogd-By SaDEreN-F-E0.2002

II. Middle Ages House of Plantagenet（1154 - 1485 ）
Significance of the Great Chaeter: * It led the way to the development of Parliament. * It granted the townspeople freedom of trade and self-government. * The merchants and craftsmen in England appeared for the first time as a new political force. * It was also during this period that many rebellions took place. (the story of Robin Hood)
Skimming & Scanning
Please read the first part and summarize how many dynasties England had gone through in the 'Early man to form a nation' period.
I. Early Man to Form a Nation
1. British Prehistory
8000 - 800 BC From Neolithic to Bronze Age * many different tribes lived there
800 BC - AD 43 Iron Age * the Celts from Europe settled on the island * Julius Caesar invaded the island (55 BC)