英语修辞大全，英语作文常用修辞手法
Rhetoric 修辞
文章最忌语言枯燥无味，一篇好的作文，语言应该生动形象。而恰当地运用修辞手法，可以使文字新鲜活泼、具体逼真，大大增强艺术表现力，扩大语言表达的范围；而且还可以激发读者的想象，给人留下深刻的印象。下面介绍一些英语作文中常用的修辞手法。
1. 比喻(metaphor)
比喻就是打比方。可分为明喻和暗喻：
明喻(simile)：A figure of speech in which two essentially unlike things are compared. 明喻：一种修辞手法，把两种基本不相像的东西进行比较.
用like, as, as...as, as if(though) 或用其他词语指出两个不同事物的相似之处。例如：“How like the winter hath my absence been” or “So are you to my thoughts as food to life” (Shakespeare). 如“我的离开好象是冬天来临” 或“你对我的思想就象食
物对于生命一样重要” （莎士比亚）
O my love's like a red, red rose. 我的爱人像一朵红红的玫瑰花。
The man can't be trusted. He is as slippery as an eel. 那个人不可信赖。他像鳗鱼一样狡猾。
He jumped as if he had been stung.他像被蜇了似的跳了起来。
Childhood is like a swiftly passing dream. 童年就像一场疾逝的梦。
暗喻(metaphor)：缩写met.，metaph. A figure of speech in which a word or phrase that ordinarily designates one thing is used to designate another, thus making an implicit comparison.
用一个词来指代与该词所指事物有相似特点的另外一个事物。例如：
He has a heart of stone. 他有一颗铁石心肠。
The world is a stage. 世界是一个大舞台。
“a sea of troubles” “忧愁之海”
“All the world's a stage”(Shakespeare) “整个世界一台戏”(莎士比亚)
2. 换喻(metonymy)
用某一事物的名称代替另外一个与它关系密切的事物的名称，只要一提到其中一种事物，就会使人联想到另一种。比如用the White House 代替美国政府或者总统，
用the bottle来代替wine 或者alcohol，用the bar 来代替the legal profession，用crown代替king等。例如：
His purse would not allow him that luxury. 他的经济条件不允许他享受那种奢华。
The mother did her best to take care of the cradle. 母亲尽最大努力照看孩子。
He succeeded to the crown in 1848. 他在1848年继承了王位。
3. 举隅，提喻(synecdoche)
以局部代表整体（如用手代表水手），以整体代表局部（如用法律代表警官），以特殊代表一般（如用直柄剃刀代表杀人者），以一般代表特殊（如用贼代表扒手），或用原材料代表用该材料制造的东西（如用钢代表剑）例如：He earns his bread by writing. 他靠写作挣钱谋生。
The farms were short of hands during the harvest season. 在收获季节里农场缺乏劳动力。
Australia beat Canada at cricket. 澳大利亚队在板球比赛中击败了加拿大队。
He is the Newton of this century. 他是这个世纪的牛顿。
4. 拟人(personification)
拟人，人格化：给无生命的东西或者抽象的东西赋予人的个性或绘以人的形象，把事物或者概念当作人或者具备人的品质的写法。例如：
Hunger sat shivering on the road 饥饿站在路上颤抖
Flowers danced about the lawn 花儿在草地上翩翩起舞
My heart was singing. 我的心在歌唱。
This time fate was smiling to him. 这一次命运朝他微笑了。
The flowers nodded to her while she passed. 当她经过的时候花儿向她点头
致意。
The wind whistled through the trees. 风穿过树丛，树叶哗哗作响。
5. 委婉(euphemism)
用温和的、间接的词语代替生硬的、粗俗的词语，以免直接说出不愉快的事实冒犯别人或者造成令人窘迫、沮丧的局面。例如：
用to fall asleep; to cease thinking; to pass away; to go to heaven; to leave us 代替to die
用senior citizens代替old people
用 a slow learner或者an under achiever代替a stupid pupil
用weight watcher代替fat people
用mental hospital 代替madhouse或者asylum
用emotionally disturbed代替mad
用washroom, men's / women's room代替lavatory
用handicapped代替crippled
用low income brackets; underprivileged; disadvantaged 代替poor people
6. 双关(pun)
用同音异义或者一词二义来达到诙谐幽默的效果：表面上是一个意思，而实际上却暗含另一个意思，这种暗含的意思才是句子真正的目的所在。例如：
A cannonball took off his legs, so he laid down his arms. (arms可指手臂或者武器)
一发炮弹打断了他的腿，所以他缴械投降了。
“Can I try on that gown in the window?” asked a would-be customer.
“Certainly not, madam!” replied the salesman. 我可以试穿一下橱窗里的那件睡袍吗？或者：我可以在橱窗里试穿那件睡袍吗？
Seven days without water make one weak (week). 七天没有水使一个人虚弱。或者：七天没有水就是一周没有水。
7. 反语(irony)
使用与真正意义相反的词，正话反说或者反话正说，从对立的角度运用词义来产生特殊的效果。下面就是莎士比亚的戏剧Julius Caesar 中的一个运用反语的很好的例子，Brutus出于野心刺杀了Caesar, Caesar 的好友Antony 讥讽Brutus 说：Here, under leave of Brutus and the rest—
For Brutus is an honorable man;
So are they all, all honorable men—
Come I to speak in Caesar's funeral.
He was my friend, faithful and just to me:
But Brutus says he was ambitious;
And Brutus is an honorable man.
在Antony 的话里反复使用honorable这个词就是一个反语的例子。
8. 矛盾修饰(oxymoron)
把相互矛盾的两个词用在一起的修辞方法。它利用词义表面的相互矛盾使表层的不和谐统一在思想内容的深层，从而揭示事物对立统一的本质特征，达到加深印象的目的。例如：
deafening silence震耳欲聋的沉默
a mournful optimist. 悲伤的乐观
She read the long-awaited letter with a tearful smile. 她带着含泪的微笑读那封盼望已久的信。
The coach had to be cruel to be kind to his trainees.教练为了对他的受训者仁慈就要对他们残酷。
During his useful life he often felt he was useless. 在他大有作为的一生中他老是感到自己无用。
其他还有sweet pain; thunderous silence; luxurious poverty; heavy lightness; living death; impossible hope 等等。
9. 轭式搭配(zeugma)
把适用于某一事物的词语顺势用到另外一事物上的方法。在同一个句子里一个词可以修饰或者控制两个或更多的词，它可以使语言活泼，富有幽默感。例如：She opened the door and her heart to the homeless boy. 她对那无家可归的男孩打开了房门，也敞开了胸怀。
As I left home after breakfast, I shivered inwardly as well as outwardly. 早餐之后我离开家的时候，我的里里外外都在颤抖。
I would my horse had the speed of your tongue. 我希望我的马能有你的舌头的速度。
10. 移位修饰(transferred epithet)
将本应该用来修饰某一类名词的修饰语用来修饰另一类名词。例如：
There was a short, thoughtful silence. 出现了一阵短暂的、令人沉思的寂静。
The old man put a reassuring hand on my shoulder. 老人把一只令人安心的手放在我的肩膀上。
He closed his busy life at the age of sixty. 在六十岁时他结束了他那忙碌的一生。
This is the cheapest market in this country. 这是这个国家最便宜的市场了。
11. 头韵(alliteration)
两个或者更多的词以相同的音韵或者字母开头就构成头韵。例如：
proud as a peacock
blind as a bat
safe and sound
“on scrolls of silver snowy sentences”(Hart Crane) “写满银色雪般句子的卷轴
上”(哈特·克兰)
Long and loudly little Lily laughed. 小莉莉长时间地、大声地笑着。
The windows waved violently in the wind. 窗户在风中剧烈地摇动。
The sun sank slowly. 太阳慢慢地下沉。
12. 渐进(climax)
根据事物的逻辑关系，由小到大，由轻到重，由浅到深，由低到高，由少到多依次渐进地进行描述或论述。这种整齐的结构可以使人们的思想认识一层层深化提高，增强语言的感染力和说服力。例如：
I came; I saw; I conquer. 我来了；我看到了；我征服。
Reading maketh a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. 读书使人充实；交谈使人机智；写作使人精确。
Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. 书有可浅尝者，有可吞咽者，更有少数须消化咀嚼者。
Lincoln recognized worth in the common people; he loved the common people; he fought for the common people; and he died for the common people. 林肯认识到平民大众的价值；他热爱平民大众；他为平民大众而斗争；他为平民大众而献身。
13.Hyperbaton or Inversion倒装A figure of speech, such as anastrophe or hysteron proteron, using deviation from normal or logical word order to produce an effect. 倒装，倒置法：一种象倒装法或逆序法的修辞方法，使用与正常或逻辑的语序相偏离的方法，从而产生一种效果
E.g: Then come the climax of the trial.
14.Repetitive 重复E.g:From this nothing will turn us,nothing.
15.Symbol 象征Something that represents something else by association, resemblance, or convention, especially a material object used to represent something invisible. 象征，标志：通过联系、类似或传统来代表其它事物的某件东西，尤指代表抽象东西的实体
16.Antithesis 对偶A figure of speech in which sharply contrasting ideas are juxtaposed in a balanced or parallel phrase or grammatical structure, as in 对偶：一种将强烈对立的想法并列于稳定、对等的短语或语法结构中的修辞方法，如在：“Hee for God only, shee for God in him”(John Milton) “他只为上帝，她则为他心中的上帝”(约翰·米尔顿)
17.Hyperbole 夸张A figure of speech in which exaggeration is used for emphasis or effect 夸张法：一种比喻，使用夸张来强调或产生某种效果，比如：
I could sleep for a year 我能睡一年
This book weighs a ton. 这书有一吨重
18.Rhetorical Question 反问A question to which no answer is expected, often used for rhetorical effect. 反问：一种无需回答的问题，常为说服效果而使用。
英语19种修辞手法解读 1.Simile 明喻 明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比。这种共性存在于人们的心里，而不是事物的自然属性。标志词常用like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等。 例如： 1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow。 2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud。 3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale。 2.Metaphor 隐喻，暗喻 隐喻是简缩了的明喻，是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物，通过比较形成。 例如： 1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper。 2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested。 3.Metonymy 借喻，转喻 借喻不直接说出所要说的事物，而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称。 I。以容器代替内容，例如： 1>.The kettle boils. 水开了。 2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着。 II。以资料。工具代替事物的名称，例如： Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说。 III。以作者代替作品，例如： a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集 VI。以具体事物代替抽象概念，例如： I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气，他们就用我的力气赚钱。 4.Synecdoche 提喻 提喻用部分代替全体，或用全体代替部分，或特殊代替一般。 例如： 1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory。(部分代整体) 他的厂里约有100名工人。 2>.He is the Newton of this century。(特殊代一般) 他是本世纪的牛顿。 3>.The fox goes very well with your cap。(整体代部分) 这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配。 5.Synaesthesia 通感，联觉，移觉 这种修辞法是以视。听.触。嗅.味等感觉直接描写事物。通感就是把不同感官的感觉沟通起来，借联想引起感觉转移，“以感觉写感觉”。 通感技巧的运用，能突破语言的局限，丰富表情达意的审美情趣，起到增强文采的艺术效果。比如：欣赏建筑的重复与变化的样式会联想到音乐的重复与变化的节奏；闻到酸的东西会联想到尖锐的物体；听到飘渺轻柔的音乐会联想到薄薄的半透明的纱子；又比如朱自清《荷塘月色》里的“微风过处送来缕缕清香，仿佛远处高楼上渺茫的歌声似的”。 例如： 1>.The birds sat upon a tree and poured forth their lily like voice。(用视觉形容听觉，鸟落在树上，由它发出的声音联想到百合花)
1.Simile 明喻 明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性. 标志词常用 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等. 例如: 1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow. 2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud. 3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale. 2.Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻 隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成. 例如: 1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper. 2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. 3.Metonymy 借喻,转喻 借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称. I.以容器代替内容,例如: 1>.The kettle boils. 水开了. 2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着. II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如: Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说. III.以作者代替作品,例如: a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集 VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如: I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱. 4.Synecdoche 提喻 提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般. 例如: 1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体) 他的厂里约有100名工人. 2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般) 他是本世纪的牛顿. 3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.（整体代部分） 这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配. 5.Synaesthesia 通感,联觉,移觉 这种修辞法是以视.听.触.嗅.味等感觉直接描写事物.通感就是把不同感官的感觉沟通起来，借联想引起感觉转移，“以感觉写感觉”。比如朱自清《荷塘月色》里的“ 微风过处送来缕缕清香,仿佛远处高楼上渺茫的歌声似的”。 例如: 1>.The birds sat upon a tree and poured forth their lily－like voice.（用视觉形容听觉，鸟落在树上，由它发出的声音联想到百合花）鸟儿落在树上,倾泻出百合花似的声音. 2>.Taste the music of Mozart.（用嗅觉形容听觉）品尝Mozart的音乐. 6.Personification 拟人 拟人是把生命赋予无生命的事物. 例如: 1>.The night gently lays her hand at our fevered heads.（把夜拟人化） 2>.I was very happy and could hear the birds singing in the woods.（把鸟拟人化） 7.Hyperbole 夸张 夸张是以言过其实的说法表达强调的目的.它可以加强语势,增加表达效果.. 例如: 1>.I beg a thousand pardons. 2>.Love you. You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars. 3>.When she heard the bad news, a river of tears poured out. 8.Parallelism 排比, 平行 这种修辞法是把两个或两个以上的结构大体相同或相似,意思相关,语气一致的短语.句子排列成串,形成一个整体. 例如: 1>.No one can be perfectly free till all are free; no one can be perfectly moral till all are moral; no one
英语修辞手法的解释和例句 1.Simile 明喻 明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性. 标志词常用like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等. 例如: 1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow. 2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud. 3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale. 2.Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻 隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成. 例如: 1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper. 2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. 3.Metonymy 借喻,转喻 借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称. I.以容器代替内容,例如: 1>.The kettle boils. 水开了. 2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着. II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如: Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说. III.以作者代替作品,例如: a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集 VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如: I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱. 4.Synecdoche 提喻 提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般. 例如: 1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体) 他的厂里约有100名工人. 2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般) 他是本世纪的牛顿. 3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.（整体代部分） 这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配. 5.Synaesthesia 通感,联觉,移觉
英语中常见的修辞手法
英语中常见的修辞手法 1明喻(Simile) simile －简明英汉词典['s?m?li:] n. (使用like或as等词语的)明喻 明喻是一种最简单、最常见的修辞方法，是以两种具有共同特征的事物或现象进行对比，表明本体和喻体的关系，两者都在对比中出现，其基本格式是“A像B”，常用的比喻词有as, like, as if, as though等。如果使用得当可以把深奥的道理说得通俗、浅显、明白，使人可见可感可悟，把简单的事物表达的更为形象更为生动。例如： Like climbing a mountain, we struggle up three feet and fall back two.（正如爬山，我们费力爬上三英尺，又掉下去两英尺。）(大学英语第一册第三单元课文B) I see also the dull, drilled, docile, brutish masses of the Hun soldiery blodding on like a swarm of crawling locusts.(丘吉尔在此使用了一个恰当的比喻，把德国士兵比作蝗虫，因为二者有着共同之处-传播毁灭。) 2暗喻(the metaphor) metaphor －简明英汉词典 ['met?f?] n. 隐喻
暗喻也是一种比喻，但不用比喻词，因此被称作缩减了的明喻(a compressed simile)。它是根据两个事物间的某些共同的特征，用一事物去暗示另一事物的比喻方式。本体和喻体之间不用比喻词，只是在暗中打比方，从而更生动、更深刻地说明事理，增强语言的表现力。例如： I will do anything I can to help him through life's dangerous sea.（我将全力帮助他穿越人生的惊涛骇浪。）(第二册第三单元课文A) Consider that the same cultural soil producing the English language also nourished the great principles of freedom and right of man in the modern world.(想想吧，孕育英语的文化土壤也同样为当今世界培育了自由和人权准则。)（大学英语第二册第七单元课文A） Each letter was a seed falling on a fertile heart. A romance was budding.（每一封信就像落在肥沃土地上的种子，浪漫之花含苞待放。）(大学英语第一册地五单元课文A) 3 转喻(the metonymy) 转喻是通过相近的联想，借喻体代替本体。转喻是比隐喻更进一步的比喻，它根本不说出本体事物，直接用比喻事物代替本体事物。例如： The buses in America are on strike now.美国的公共汽车司机正在罢工（这里buses 喻指司机drivers)。“Well,”said the doctor.“I will do all that science can accomplish. But whenever my patient begins to count the carriages in her funeral porcession I subtract 50 per cent from the curative power of medicines.”(“好吧，”医生说，“我会尽力做到科学能做到的，但每当我的病人开始数自己葬礼上的马车时，药物的疗效就会减掉一半。”)（大学英语第三册第六单元课文A） 4夸张(the exaggeration) exaggeration －英汉双向大词典 D.J.[?g?z?d???re???n] - exaggeration n. 1．夸张,夸大 2．夸张的言语;夸张的手法 - Exaggeration n. 夸张；夸大 把事物的特征，有意地加以夸大或缩小，就叫夸张，即采用“言过其实”的说法，使事物的本质特征更好地呈现出来。英语中夸张修辞格，应用极为频繁。夸张的功能是突出事物的本质特征，因而给人强烈印象或警悟、启发。例如：
一、词语修辞格 （1）simile 明喻 ①...a memory that seemed phonographic ②“Mama,” Wangero said sweet as a bird .“can I have these old quilts?” ③Most American remember M. T. as the father of... ④Hair is all over his head a foot long and hanging from his chin like a kinky mule tail. ⑤Impressed with her they worshiped the well-turned phrase, the cute shape, the scalding humor that erupted like bubbles in lye. ⑥My skin is like an uncooked barley pancake. ⑦She gasped like a bee had stung her. （2）metaphor 暗喻 ①It is a vast, sombre cavern of a room,… ②Little donkeys with harmoniously tinkling bells thread their way among the throngs of people entering and leaving the bazaar. ③The dye-market, the pottery market and the carpenters’ market lie elsewhere in the maze of vaulted streets which honeycomb the bazaar. A ④the last this intermezzo came to an end… ⑤…showing just enough of her thin body enveloped in pink skirt and red blouse… ⑥After I tripped over it two or three times he told me … ⑦Mark Twain --- Mirror of America ⑧saw clearly ahead a black wall of night... ⑨main artery of transportation in the young nation's heart ⑩All would resurface in his books...that he soaked up... ?When railroads began drying up the demand... ?...the epidemic of gold and silver fever... ?Twain began digging his way to regional fame...
英语常用修辞 明喻 明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性。或者说是以两种具有相同特征的事物和现象进行对比，表明本体和喻体之间的相似关系，两者都在对比中出现。标志词常用 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等. It is a figure of speech which makes a comparison between two unlike elements having at least one quality or characteristic in common. To make the comparison, words like as, as...as, as if and like are used to transfer the quality we associate with one to the other. 例如: 1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow. 2>.I wandered lonely as c cloud. 3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale. 4>.This elephant is like a snake as anybody can see. 这头象和任何人见到的一样像一条蛇。 5>.He looked as if he had just stepped out of my book of fairytales and had passed me like a spirit. 他看上去好像刚从我的童话故事书中走出来，像幽灵一样从我身旁走过去。 6>.It has long leaves that sway in the wind like slim fingers reaching to touch something. 它那长长的叶子在风中摆动，好像伸出纤细的手指去触摸什么东西似的。 7>.Carlos Lehder was to cocaine transportation what Henry Ford was to cars. 隐喻,暗喻 隐喻是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成。这种比喻不通过比喻词进行，而是直接将用事物当作乙事物来描写，甲乙两事物之间的联系和相似之处是暗含的。It is like a simile, also makes a comparison between two unlike elements, but unlike a simile, this comparison is implied rather than stated. For example, the world is a stage. 例如: 1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper. 子子
《英语修辞》作业参考答案 I. 1． 明喻引喻拟人平行 通感矛盾修饰法提喻突降 委婉语头韵隐喻对照 移就隽语转喻层递 低调陈述重复夸张元韵 2． Metaphor Antithesis Transferred Epithet Paradox Metonymy Climax Understatement Repetition Hyperbole Assonance Simile Allusion Personification Parallelism Synaesthesia Oxymoron Synecdoche Anticlimax Euphemism Alliteration II. 1. C (Alliteration) 2. A (Metaphor) 3. B (Pun) 4. B (Metonymy) 5. D (Understatement) 6.C (Euphemism) 7. A (Allusion) 8. A (Parallelism) 9. D (Oxymoron) 10. B. (Anticlimax) 11. C (Simile) 12.D (Personification) 13. A (Synaesthesia) 14. D (Synecdoche) 15. B (Hyperbole) 16.B (Antithesis); 1 7. A (Repetition) 18. C (Irony) 19. D (Parody) 20. C. (Zeugma) III. 1.B (Anticlimax) 2. D (Personification) 3. C (Simile) 4. D (Repetition) 5. C (Euphemism) 6. C (Rhetorical Question) 7. A (Anastrophe) 8. C (Simile) 9. A (Metaphor) 10. C (Alliterarion) 11.D (Oxymoron) 12. C (Simile) 13.B (Transferred Epithet) 14. A (Synaesthesia) 15. B (Pun) 16. C (Simile) 17. B (Pun) 18 D (Parallelism) 19. A (Metaphor) 20. D (Understatement) IV. 1.Simile 2. Transferred Epithet 3. Euphemism 4. Synecdoche 5. Hyperbole 6. Parallelism 7. Climax 8. Assonance 9. Parody 10. Palindrome 11. Metaphor 12. Synaesthesia 13. Understatement 14. Allusion 15. Paradox 16. Repetition 17. Pun 18. Zeugma 19. Malapropism 20. Rhetorical Question 21.Simile
明喻 明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性. 标志词常用 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等. 例如: 1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow. 2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud. 3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale. 隐喻,暗喻 隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成. 例如: 1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper. 2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. 借喻,转喻 借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称. I.以容器代替内容,例如: 1>.The kettle boils. 水开了. 2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着. II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如: Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说. III.以作者代替作品,例如: a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集 VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如: I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱. 提喻 提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般. 例如: 1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体) 他的厂里约有100名工人. 2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般) 他是本世纪的牛顿. 3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.（整体代部分）
一．词语修辞格 (1) simile 明喻 它根据人们的联想，利用不同事物之间的相似点，借助比喻词(如like，as等)起连接作用，清楚地说明甲事物在某方面像乙事物 I wandered lonely as a cloud. ( W. Wordsworth: The Daffodils ) 我像一朵浮云独自漫游。 They are as like as two peas. 他们两个长得一模一样。 His young daughter looks as red as a rose. 他的小女儿面庞红得象朵玫瑰花。 ①―Mama,‖ Wangero said sweet as a bird . ―C an I have these old quilts?‖ ②Hair is all over his head a foot long and hanging from his chin like a kinky mule tail. ③My skin is like an uncooked（未煮过的）barley pancake. ④The oratorial（雄辩的）storm that Clarence Darrow and Dudley Field Malone blew up in the little court in Dayton swept like a fresh wind though the schools… ⑤I see also the dull（迟钝的）, drilled（训练有素的）, docile（易驯服的）, brutish （粗野的）masses of the Hun soldiery plodding（沉重缓慢地走）on like a swarm（群）of crawling locusts（蝗虫）. （2）metaphor 暗喻 暗含的比喻。A是B或B就是A。 All the world’s a stage, and all the men and women merely players演员. ( William Shakespeare )整个世界是座舞台，男男女女，演员而已。 Education is not the filling of a pail桶, but the lighting of a fire. ( William B. Yeats ) 教育不是注满一桶水，而是点燃一把火。 ①It is a vast（巨大的）, sombre（忧郁的）cavern（洞穴）of a room,… ②Mark Twain --- Mirror of America ③main artery（干线）of transportation in the young nation's heart ④The Duchess of Croydon kept firm, tight rein on her racing mind. ⑤Her voice was a whiplash（鞭绳）. ⑥We shall fight him by land, we shall fight him by sea, we shall fight him in the air,
高级英语第2册修辞练习第1课 Point the rhetorical devices used in the following sentences can batten down and ride it out. (Metaphor ) and rain now whipped the house. ( Metaphor ) away from the windows. (Elliptical sentence ) the rain seemingly driven right through the walls. ( Simile ) 8:30, power failed. (Metaphor ) out the back door to the cars. (Elliptical sentence ) children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. ( Simile ) 8…the electrical systems had been killed by water.( metaphor ) on the stairs. ( elliptical sentence ) wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away. ( simile ) 11. A moment later, the hurricane, in one mighty swipe, lifted the entire roof off the house and skimmed it 40 feet though the air. ( personification ) 12…it seized a 600,000-gallon Gulfport oil tank and dumped it miles away. ( personification ) poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds
英语十六种修辞手法解读 文章语句有了修辞，就像给素描加上了丰富的色彩，变得曼妙动人，所以，写作造句中我们要善于使用修辞手法。英语有16种比较常用的修辞手法，今天和大家讲一下其中的8种修辞手法，以及解释和例句，它们分别是：Simile明喻 Metaphor隐喻，暗喻 Metonymy转喻 Synecdoche提喻 Synesthesia通感 Personification拟人 Hyperbole夸张 Parallelism排比，平行 Euphemism委婉，婉辞法 Allegory讽喻，比方 Irony反语 Pun双关 Rhetorical question修辞疑问 Antithesis对照，对比，对偶 Paradox似是而非 Oxymoron矛盾修饰法 Climax渐进法，层进法 Anticlimax渐降法。 1.Simile明喻 明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比。这种共性存在于人们的心里，而不是事物的自然属性。 标志词常用like,as,seem,as if,as though,similar to,such as等。 例如： 1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow.
2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud. 3>.Einstein only had a blanket on,as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale. 2.Metaphor隐喻，暗喻 隐喻是简缩了的明喻，是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物，通过比较形成. 例如： 1>.Hope is a good breakfast,but it is a bad supper. 2>.Some books are to be tasted,others swallowed,and some few to be chewed and digested. 3.Metonymy转喻 借喻不直接说出所要说的事物，而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称. I.以容器代替内容，例如： 1>.The kettle boils.水开了. 2>.The room sat silent.全屋人安静地坐着. II.以工具代替事物的名称，例如： Lend me your ears,please.请听我说. III.以作者代替作品，例如： a complete Shakespeare莎士比亚全集 VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念，例如： I had the muscle,and they made money out of it.我有力气，他们就用我的力气赚钱。 3.Synecdoche提喻 提喻用部分代替全体，或用全体代替部分，或特殊代替一般. 例如： 1>.There are about100hands working in his factory.(部分代整体) 他的厂里约有100名工人. Walls have ears.隔墙有耳.
1. 明喻simile Simile refers to a direct comparison between two or more things, normally introduced by like or as. He has been as drunk as a fiddler’s bitch. 1. 他醉得像小提琴手的母狗。 2. 他曾喝得酊名大醉/烂醉如泥。 If We haven’t got any money, we can’t buy a television.It’s as plain as the nose on your face. 1. 如果我们没有钱，就不能买电视机。这就像脸上的鼻子一样清楚明了。 2. 没有钱我们就不能买电视机。这就像秃子头上的虱子——明摆着的事。 Mr. Smith may serve as a good secretary, for he is as close as an oyster. 史密斯先生可以当个好秘书，因为他嘴巴紧得像牦蛎. 史密斯先生可以当个好秘书，因为他守口如瓶。 I see also the dull, drilled, docile, brutish masses of the Hun soldiery plodding on like a swarm of crawling locusts. 2. 隐喻metaphor Metaphor is an implied comparison between two or more things achieved by identifying one with the other. That lady tries to make sheep’s eyes at her new boss. 1. 那位女士想向新老板投去绵羊之眼。 2. 那位女士想向新老板献媚。 Little donkeys with harmoniously tinkling bells thread their way among the throngs of people entering and leaving the bazaar. It grows louder and more distinct, until you round a corner and see a fairyland of dancing flashes, as the burnished copper catches the light of innumerable lamps and braziers. The dye-market, the pottery-market, and the carpenters’ market lie elsewhere in the maze of vaulted streets which honeycomb this bazaar. It is a vast ,somber cavern of a room ,some thirty feet high and sixty feet square , and so thick with the dust of centuries that the mudbrick roof are only dimly visible. Churchill, he reverted to this theme, and I asked whether for him, the arch anti-communist, this was not bowing down in the House of Rimmon. I see the Russian soldiers standing on the threshold of their native land ,guarding the fields which their fathers have tilled from time immemorial. I see the German bombers and fighters in the sky ,street smarting from many a British whipping
高级英语第1册修辞练习第3版 Point the rhetorical devices used in the following sentences Lesson 1 1.We can batten down and ride it out. (Metaphor ) 2.Wind and rain now whipped the house. ( Metaphor ) 3.Stay away from the windows. (Elliptical sentence ) 4.--- the rain seemingly driven right through the walls. ( Simile) 5.At 8:30, power failed. (Metaphor ) 6.Everybody out the back door to the cars. (Elliptical sentence ) 7.The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. ( Simile ) 8…the electrical systems had been killed by water.( metaphor ) 9.Everybody on the stairs. ( elliptical sentence) 10.The wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away. ( simile ) 11. A moment later, the hurricane, in one mighty swipe, lifted the entire roof off the house and skimmed it 40 feet though the air. ( personification ) 12…it seized a 600,000-gallon Gulfport oil tank and dumped it 3.5 miles away. ( personification ) 13.Telephone poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds snapped them.( simile ) 14.Several vacationers at the luxurious Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their spectacular vantage point. ( Transferred epithet ) 15. Up the stairs --- into our bedroom. ( Elliptical sentence ) 16.The world seemed to be breaking apart. ( Simile ) 17. Water inched its way up the steps as first floor outside walls collapsed. (Metaphor ) 18.Strips of clothing festooned the standing trees.. (Metaphor ) 19…and blown-down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the road.( simile ) 20…household and medical supplies streamed in by plane, train, truck and car. (metaphor ) 21.Camille, meanwhile, had raked its way northward across Mississippi, dropped more than 28 inches of rain into West.( metaphor ) Lesson2 1 Hiroshima—the”Liveliest”City in Japan.—irovy 2 That must be what the man in the Japanese stationmaster’s uniform shouted,as the fastest train in the world slipped to a stop in Hiroshima Station.—alliteration 3 And secondly.because I had a lump in my throat and a lot of sad thoughts on my mind that had little to do with anything in Nippon railways official might say.—metaphor 4 Was I not at the scene of crime?—rhetorical question 5 The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete skyscrapers is the very symbol of the incessant struggle between the kimono and the miniskirt.—synecdoche,metonymy