高中英语虚拟语气语法
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虚拟语气英语中有三种不同的语气:陈述语气,祈使语气和虚拟语气。
虚拟语气表示说话人的主观愿望、猜测、建议或与事实不符的假设等,也可以表示可能性较小的情况或不可能发生的情况,而不是客观存在的事实。
虚拟语气是由句中谓语动词的特殊形式表现出来的。
1、虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中(非真实条件句)1)表示与现在事实相反的情况构成方式:If I were not busy today,I should go with you. 如果我今天有空,我会同你一起去的。
If I had any money with me, I could lend you some. 如果我带钱了,我就会借给你些。
(事实:没有带钱)If he studied harder, he might pass the exam. 如果他再努力些,就能通过考试了。
(事实:没有努力)注:主句的主语为第一人称时,主句中也可用should。
但是美语中一律用would。
might 表示“可能”,可用于主句中的所有人称。
2)表示与过去事实相反的情况构成方式:If I had got there earlier,I should/could have met her. 如果我早到那儿,我就会见到她。
(事实:去晚了)If he had taken my advice,he would not have made such a mistake. 如果他听我的劝告的话,就不会犯这样的错误了。
(事实:没有听我的话)3)表示与将来相反的情况构成方式:If he should come here tomorrow, I would talk to him. 如果他明天来这儿的话,我就跟他谈谈。
(事实:来的可能性很小)If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would not go skating.如果下周日下大雪,我们就不能去滑冰了。
高中英语语法讲解--虚拟语气1。
语气的定义和种类(1)语气的定义语气是动词的一种形式,它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。
(2)语气的种类A. 陈述语气表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的,用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。
We are not ready.Did it rain all day yesterday?What a fine day today!B. 祈使语气表使说话人的建议、请求、邀请、命令等。
Be careful.Don’t forget to clo se the window.Open the door, please。
C。
虚拟语气表使动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等.2。
虚拟语气一. 虚拟语气在条件句中的应用学习虚拟语气在条件句中的用法之前我们必须清楚条件句的种类:条件句有真实条件句与非真实条件句(或称虚拟条件句)两种。
真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生或实现的,句中的条件从句与结果主句都用陈述语气。
如:If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I will go for a picnic。
假若明天不下雨,我就去野餐.Oil floats if you pour it on water. 你如把油倒在水里,油就浮起来。
虚拟条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的,句中的条件从句与结果主句皆须用虚拟语), 主句的谓语用should (would, might, could)+动词原形。
如:If it were not raining, we should go for a picnic.如果现在不下雨的话,我们就出去野餐了。
(事实是:天在下雨,我们不能出去野餐.表示愿望。
)If he came here, he might be able to help you. 如果他来这,他就能够帮助你了。
(事实是:他没来这,他不可能帮助你。
高中英语:情态动词与虚拟语气语法知识点高中英语:情态动词与虚拟语气语法知识点情态动词的基本用法情态动词具有一定的词义,没有人称和数的变化,必须和其他动词一起构成谓语,用来表示愿望、态度或猜测等。
1.表示能力(1)表示如今的能力:can am\is\are able to(2)表示未来的能力:will be able to(3)表示过去的能力:could表示过去的能力,别表示是否做;was\were able to表示过去有能力做,同时成功做了,相当于:managed to do sth\succeeded in doing sth;could have done表示过去本来可以做但未做。
I can't promise anything, but I'll do what I can.我别能许诺啥,但我会竭力而为。
(表示如今的能力)The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone was able to get out. 虽然这场大火迅速蔓延到了那个宾馆,然而每个人都逃了出去。
(表示过去有能力做同时成功地做了)I could have worked out the problem, but I was too nervous.我本来能够解出这道题,但我太紧张了。
(表示本来有能力做但未做)2.表示猜测(也许性)也许性可分为客观的也许性和具体情况实际发生的也许性两种。
(1)客观的也许性并别表示具体某事是否会发生,而用来讲明人或事物的特征。
情态动词can 可用于确信句中表示客观的(或理论的)也许性,而表示具体情况实际发生的也许性时, can 普通别用于确信句。
Accidents can happen on such rainy days.在如此的多雨天气里也许会发生事故。
(表示客观的也许性)We may go to the cinema tonight, but we are not sure yet.今晚我们也许去看电影,但还没确定。
虚拟语气虚拟语气表示说话人的主观愿望、猜测、建议或与事实不符的假设等,也可以表示可能性较小的情况或不可能发生的情况,而不是客观存在的事实(表示客观事实要用陈述语气)。
虚拟语气是由句中谓语动词的特殊形式表现出来的。
虚拟语气常用于复合句中,也可用于简单句。
比较:If she asks me tomorrow,I shall do it.如果她明天请求我,我会做的。
(陈述语气,说话人认为请求的可能性大)If she asked me tomorrow, I should do it. 假如她明天请求我,我会做的。
(虚拟语气,说话人认为请求的可能性小或不可能请求)1 虚拟语气的用法1-1 虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中1)表示与现在事实相反的情况If I were/was not busy today, I should go with you.如果我今天有空,我会同你一起去的。
If he were/was here,he might talk with you.如果他在这里,他可能会同你谈谈。
If I were you,I wouldn't accept her suggestion.如果我是你,我不会接受她的建议。
If I knew the answer to the question,I should/ would tell you.如果我知道问题的答案,我当然会告诉你。
If we left now, we should/would arrive there in time.如果我们现在就动身,我们会准时到达那里。
If he didn't do exercise every day,he wouldn't be so strong.如果他不每天锻炼,他不会那样强壮的。
If it weren't raining, we would go fishing.要是现在不下雨,我们就去钓鱼了。
高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设,所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。
根据时间的不同,虚拟条件句可分为三种,即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句(1)表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.(2)表示与过去事实相反If he had taken your advice, he wouldn’t have made such a bad mistake.(3)表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.1. 虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中,为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性,或突出说话人的一种主观愿望,虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。
虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if,把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。
例如:Had I been(= If I had been ) in that situation, I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.Should there be (= If there should be) a drought, what should we do at that time ?2. 错综时间条件句有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致,这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来确定。
例如:If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years ,thing s wouldn’t be going so smoothly.3. 含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来,而是通过某个介词或介词短语(如:with,otherwise,without,but for,in that position)、上下文或其它方式表现出来。
高中语法精讲虚拟语气(1)对现在的虚拟If从句主句did/were would/should/could/might doIf I were you, I would tell her the truth.=Were I you, I would tell her the truth.If条件句的倒装:去掉if, 句子部分倒装(半倒装,即以前学过的一般疑问句的语序)备注虚拟语气中,不管主语是不是单数都用were(2)对过去的虚拟If从句主句had done would/should/could/might have doneIf you had taken my advice, you would have passed the exam.=Had you taken my advice, you would have passed the exam.省略if(3)对将来的虚拟If从句主句did/should do/were to do would/should /could/might doIf he didn't come tomorrow, we would put off the meeting.=If he should come tomorrw, we would put off the meeting.=If he were to come tomorrw, we would put off the meeting.总结主过将从过主过将完从过完[例1](陕西卷)If we ___the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.A. takeB. had takenC. tookD. have taken答案B主句是过将完,所以从过完,过去完成时[例2](天津卷)--John went to the hospital alone.--If he___me about it, I would have gone with him.A. should tellB. tellsC. toldD. had told答案D[例3] (2013重庆)- It rained cats and dogs this morning. I'm glad we took an umbrella.- Yeah, we would have got wet all over if we__A. hadn'tB. haven'tC. didn'tD. don't答案A省略特殊情况①错综时间条件句例: If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now.If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.做题时注意:动词的形式根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。
2021年高中英语语法:虚拟语气7大用法虚拟语气是高中英语教学的重点和难点,在高考中虽然出现得不多,但作为一个独立的语法项目,我们也必须完全掌握这一考点。
从高考考查的情况看,三种与事实相反的条件句和主句的基本结构,以及用其他形式代替条件句和虚拟条件句的倒装是考查的重点,本文拟谈高考虚拟语气的常见考点,以便帮助大家掌握这一语法项目。
01用于条件句(一)用于if引导的非真实条件句If I were a boy,I would join the army.If my brother had taken my advice,he would have succeeded in the competition.If it were to rain tomorrow ,the football match would be put off.注意:主句中的should通常用于第一人称,would/could可以用于各种人称。
Were I to do the work,I should do it some other day.If I had his telephone number, I would call him now.If he had worked hard, he would have been in New York now.(二)用于含蓄条件句在表示假设的虚拟语气中,有时假设的条件并不以条件从句的形式出现,而是通过上下文或句中内在的逻辑关系,或用其他形式表达出来,这就是“含蓄条件句”。
常用的有以下几种方式:1.介词或介词短语,如but for,without,in case of, under,with,in等。
But for their help,we could not get over the difficulties.Without music,the world would be a dull place.2.连词,如or,otherwise,but,in case,lest,for fear that,so that等。
高中英语语法虚拟语气详解虚拟语气,又称假设语气,是谓语动词的一种形式,表示说话人叙述的内容与事实相反,在现实中并不存在,或实现的可能性很小。
一、动词的语气语气可以用来区别讲话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。
英语中的语气有三种,分别是陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。
(一)陈述语气陈述语气一般用来叙述事实或就事实提出询问,主要用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。
Where there is a will, there's a way.有志者事竟成。
Can you help me carry the box upstairs.你能帮我把箱子搬到楼上吗?How I missed the life in the countryside!我多么想念乡村的生活啊!(二)祈使语气祈使语气表示说话人向对方提出请求或下达命令。
Come this way, please!请这边走。
Don't make any noise, will you?别吵,行吗?Do be careful when crossing the street.过马路时一定要小心。
(三)虚拟语气的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。
If I were a bird, I could fly in the air.虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在如果我是一只小鸟,我就能在空中飞行。
I wish it were spring all the year round.但愿四季如春。
May good luck be yours!祝你好运!二、条件句中的虚拟语气英语中条件从句有两类,一类是真实条件句,另一类是非真实条件句。
如果假设的情况可能发生,是真实条件句;如果假设的情况是不存在的或不大可能发生的,则是虚拟条件句。
(一)真实条件句真实条件句表示的假设是可能发生或实现的,主句和从句的谓语动词都要用陈述语气。
If he doesn't come at 8, we won't wait for him.如果他八点不来,我们就不等他了。
高中英语虚拟语气语法总结高中英语虚拟语气语法总结一、引言在高中英语语法中,虚拟语气是一个重要的知识点。
掌握虚拟语气的用法不仅可以提高英语表达的准确性和流畅性,还可以帮助理解许多英语文学作品的深层次含义。
本文将详细介绍高中英语虚拟语气的用法及其在句子中的应用。
二、语法总结1、虚拟语气的使用虚拟语气在英语中表示一种假设或非真实的条件,通常用于表达建议、愿望、假设或怀疑等。
根据不同的情境和表达需要,虚拟语气有多种形式,下面列举几种常用的虚拟语气表达方式:1、与现在事实相反:If I had time, I would go for a walk.2、与过去事实相反:If he had known the answer, he would have replied.3、与未来事实相反:If it were to rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.4、表达建议或请求:If it were you, I would choose the blue dress.2、语气助词的运用虚拟语气在句子中的运用常常与特定的语气助词结合。
以下是几种常见的语气助词及其功能:1、if条件从句:用于表达条件或假设,如上述例子所示。
2、Otherwise:用于表达相反的情况或假设,例如:Otherwise I would have told you the truth.3、Otherwise:用于表达相反的情况或假设,例如:Without your help,I would not have achieved this success.3、句子结构与语法规则虚拟语气的句子结构及其语法规则对于正确使用非常重要。
以下是几个需要注意的要点:1、主句和从句的时态关系:在含有虚拟语气的句子中,主句和从句的时态通常是不一致的,以表达假设或非真实的情况。
2、主谓结构:虚拟语气的主谓结构通常与陈述语气的结构不同,特别是当从句表达非真实的情况时,主谓结构需要进行相应的调整。