睡谷的传说

文本研究/电影文学M O V IE L IT E R A T U R E2009年第24期93评小说 睡谷的传说 与电影 断头谷孙银娣(河南师范大学,河南新乡 453007)[摘 要] 华盛顿 欧文的小说 睡谷的传说 和根据它改编而成的电影 断头谷 虽然被某些评论家认为毫无共同之处 ,但通过文本细读,本文得出结论,虽然两部艺术作品看起来极为不同,但不同艺术创作之下掩饰的是极大的相似之处,其效果妙不可言。

[关键词] 睡谷的传说 ; 断头谷 ;差异;相似 我一直想拍一部影片,在影片中有一个没有头颅的角色。

好莱坞超级鬼才导演、曾执导过著名影片 蝙蝠侠 的蒂姆 波顿在接受美国 娱乐周刊 采访时说道。

波顿的这个梦想在根据华盛顿 欧文的小说 睡谷的传说 改编的电影 断头谷 中得以实现。

睡谷的传说 (The legend of the Sleepy H o ll ow )是美国著名作家、有着 美国文学之父 之称的华盛顿 欧文(W ashing t on Irv i ng ,1783 1859)1799年创作的著名短篇小说,收录在他的著名散文集 见闻札记 中。

它与华盛顿 欧文的另外两篇短篇小说 瑞普 凡 温克尔 和 鬼新郎 被称为美国 最早的现代短篇小说。

故事的主人公 无头骑士 也成为美国家喻户晓的传奇角色。

1922年, 睡谷的传说 被首次搬上银幕,名为 无头骑士 (T he H eadlessH o rse m an)。

此后多个电影版本相继面世,其中包括1958年迪斯尼的卡通版 睡谷的传说 。

而这其中,最有名的莫过于1999年由蒂姆 波顿导演的影片 睡谷 (S leepy H o llo w,中译名 断头谷 )。

这部制作成本不高、几乎无任何特技效果的影片全球票房总额超过一亿美元,在2000年奥斯卡科幻、恐怖片的最高奖 土星奖 中获得了最佳恐怖片、最佳导演、最佳男女主角、最佳男女配角等11项提名,并最终获得72届奥斯卡最佳艺术导演奖,可见此片在情节演绎与气氛营造上的功力不凡。

睡谷的传说英文读后感The Legend of Sleepy Hollow is a classic American short story written by Washington Irving. It tells the tale of Ichabod Crane, a superstitious schoolteacher who becomes entangled in the supernatural happenings of a small town in upstate New York. The story is a perfect blend of horror and humor, and it has captivated readers for generations.The story takes place in the small town of Sleepy Hollow, where strange things are said to happen. The townis known for its ghostly inhabitants, including the infamous Headless Horseman. When Ichabod Crane arrives in town to teach at the local school, he becomes enamored with Katrina Van Tassel, the beautiful daughter of a wealthy farmer. However, he faces competition from Brom Bones, a local troublemaker who is also vying for Katrina's affections.As the story unfolds, Ichabod becomes increasingly paranoid about the supernatural occurrences in SleepyHollow. He hears tales of the Headless Horseman, a ghostly figure who is said to ride through the town at night in search of his lost head. Despite his fears, Ichabod attends a party at the Van Tassel's farm, where he tries to woo Katrina. However, the night takes a terrifying turn when Ichabod encounters the Headless Horseman on his way home.The Legend of Sleepy Hollow is a masterful blend of horror and comedy. Irving's writing is filled with wit and humor, and he creates a vivid and atmospheric setting in Sleepy Hollow. The story is also a fascinating exploration of the power of superstition and the human imagination. Ichabod Crane's fear of the supernatural is both comical and relatable, and it serves as a reminder of the ways in which our minds can play tricks on us.One of the most compelling aspects of the story is the character of the Headless Horseman. Irving's description of the ghostly figure is both chilling and evocative, and the legend of the Headless Horseman has become an iconic part of American folklore. The story's ambiguous ending leaves readers questioning whether the Horseman is a realsupernatural entity or simply a product of Ichabod's overactive imagination.Overall, The Legend of Sleepy Hollow is a timeless classic that continues to captivate readers with its blendof horror, humor, and vivid storytelling. WashingtonIrving's writing is both entertaining and thought-provoking, and the story remains a beloved part of American literature. Whether you're a fan of ghost stories or simply enjoy awell-crafted tale, The Legend of Sleepy Hollow is sure to leave a lasting impression.。

2. The Legend of Sleepy HollowName: Zhu MiClass: English 112Is It A Legend Or Reality?The novel told a story of "sleepy hollow" of what happened. This place was not far from New York City, in the Hudson River, with many terrific legends, among them the Headless Knight was the most sensational. It was said that a battle during the Revolutionary War, a cavalry Hector plug head dozen fly by shell first. After the death, his soul often rode off dash away in the night, to return to the battlefield for his own head. The main character in The Legend of Sleepy Hollow named Baade Klein, migrating to the primary school as a teacher, who admired Katrina and coveted her beauty, the daughter of rich local Dutch families.However, there was lots of rival in his love for Katrina, one of the biggest enemies was bloom van Brent, a man in the local bossiness. One night, Baade Klein rode to van's family dinner; back on the way encountered the headless knight, who chased after him several times. And the headless knight would kick to the head of Baade. The next day, the locals only found Klein’s hat and a broken pumpkin, with the idea that he was taken away by supernatural power. A few years later, someone saw Klein was a judge in New York, and bloomed in crane soon after missing. He married Catherine. Whenever someone mentioned Klein and pumpkin's story, he would laugh, seemed to have some secrets he did not intend to tell people.Klein was a true selfish, arrogant man who was alienated in the sleepy hollow where people were all kind and innocent, totally different from him. Though Klein was not a well-recognized man by people, he won success in the New York and married a woman, which was ironic and sarcasm. From this we saw the real world and what reality was like at that time in America.The Dutch farmer's daughter Katrina was the representatives of women in the sleepy hollow, whose image had a positive meaning. She loved coquetted and pretended to fall in love with Baade Klein. As a matter of fact, she was playing with Baade Klein and controlled him, just for the sake of his rival calming dow n firmly, as the narrator say “which is a trick” She was not a innocent girl, but calculating woman in love.However, the description of sleepy hollow was truly like a legend, for all the sceneries were too beautiful and peaceful to believe by people living in the reality. Irving used the romanticism of the brush depicted the sleepy hollow as a utopian place, the characters and events included. A quiet and mysterious hollow reflected the writer was highlighting his yearning for an ideal society in the novel reveled in a lot of environment, to create environmental background of the story. The other was to create a story atmosphere.The short novel left much space for readers to think and to guess what had happened and what was the story was talking about. It was different from what I have read before, it was short but completed. It was a little bit horrible but filled with beautiful scenes. It mirrored reality in an indirect and fancy way.Actually I could not understand this short novel completely and felt it was a bit absurd although this novel was known as a masterpiece.。

p. 1BEFORE READING1 a George Washington d King George IIIb Abraham Lincoln e Henry Hudsonc Pocahontas2Encourage students to guess but do not tell them the answers. They will find out as they read that theanswers are:King George III, Henry Hudson and George Washington. Rip Van Winklepp. 12–13READING CHECKb 3c 1d 2WORD WORK1横排: magic, neighbours, river, wild, games竖排: lazy, clothes, mountains, stranger, farm2 b stranger f clothesc neighbours g farmd games h mountainse riverGUESS WHATEncourage students to guess but do not tell them the answers now. They will find out as they read that the order is:3, 1, 5, 6, 4, 2pp. 22–23READING CHECKb 5c 1d 8e 4f 7g 10h 6i 2j 9WORD WORK1横排: explorer, beard, ghost, mad, inn, king, welcome 竖排: baby, ago, strange2 b King g madc baby h agod beard i Welcomee inn j ghostf strangeGUESS WHATWashington Irving says b and c, but Rip is in fact aninvented character. Answer ‘e’ is true too. Rip VanWinkle is a well - known story to this day.The Legend of Sleepy Hollowp.25BEFORE READING1Possible answers:Good things: Everybody knows their neighbours. It’s very quiet.Bad things: There’s nobody new. Nothing excitinghappens. People know everything about you.2Encourage students to guess but do not tell them the answers now. They will find out as they read that the answers are:a Ichabod loves Katrina. g Van Tassel likes Ichabod.b Katrina likes Ichabod. h Van Tassel likes Brom.c Katrina loves Brom. i Van Tassel loves Katrina.d Brom hates Ichabod. j Brom loves Katrina.e Ichabod hates Brom.f Ichabod is afraid of the ghost with no head.3Open answerspp. 36–37READING CHECKThe story begins in Tarry Town, a village on the HudsonRiver. The valley of Sleepy Hollow is near Tarry Town.Everybody likes ghost stories in Sleepy Hollow. Ichabod Crane works in the school there. He doesn’t have ahouse in the valley. He likes nice food, and listening toold women when they tell ghost stories. He doesn’t like doing farm work very much. He really likes readingghost stories.WORD WORK1 b a church e a stickc a witch f a horsemand a school2thin, legends, direct, extra, brave, haunted, headlessb thin e legendsc brave f headlessd haunted g directGUESS WHATEncourage students to guess but do not tell them the answers now. They will find out as they read that the answers are:a a beautiful young womanb tries to be the young woman’s good friendpp. 46–47READING CHECKb is e Ichabodc Katrina f Baltus Van Tasseld sing g happyWORD WORK1 b tricks e hopec borrow f strongd fields2 b fighting e nightfallc Only children f howlingd party g servantGUESS WHATEncourage students to guess but do not tell them the answers now. They will find out as they read that the answers are:a, c, d.pp. 56–57READING CHECKb Ichabod isn’t very happy to see Brom there.c Eating and drinking a lot makes Ichabod feel better.d Ichabod can dance very well. / Brom can’t dancevery well.e Brom tells people about nights when the HeadlessHorseman comes after him.f Brom leaves Van Tassel’s farm before Ichabod. /Ichabod leaves Van Tassel’s farm after Brom.g When Ichabod leaves the farm, he feels terrible.h Something on a horse comes after him in the dark.i He speaks to it, but it doesn’t speak to him. WORD WORKb music g disappearsc bridge h followd fire i flashe figure j dance, stepf neighbourhoodGUESS WHATEncourage students to guess but do not tell them the answers now. They will find out as they read that the answers are:a Ichabod runs away.b The horseman /Brom runs after Ichabod.c Ichabod feels afraid.d Ichabod suddenly can’t sing very well.e Ichabod thinks the horseman can’t get nearer.f The horseman / Brom hits Ichabod with something.g Ichabod leaves Sleepy Hollow.h Katrina / Brom stays in Sleepy Hollow.pp. 66–67READING CHECKc 1 a 2 b 3 f 4 g 5d 6e 7 h 8 i 9WORD WORKa pumpkin, favourite d marryb throw, kick e knock, slapc galloping, saddleGUESS WHATPossible answer:Story ‘a’ is the true story, but people in Sleepy Hollowlike to tell story ‘b’.pp. 68–72ROJECT 拓展训练Twenty Years from Now1 a 5 b 6 c 7 d 1 e 8 f2 g3 h 42Open answers.What are you afraid of?3 a ghosts e darkb flying f spidersc cats g thirteend snakes h crowded places4Open answers.5Open answers.pp. 73–79GRAMMAR CHECK 语法充电1 b Rip always helps the men of the village.c Rip’s son always wears his father’s old clothes.d Rip never answers his wife.e Rip sometimes takes his dog for a walk in themountains.f Rip’s wife always gets angry when he comes homelate.g After his night on the mountain, Old Rip never seeshis wife again.h Henry Hudson and his men sometimes come backto the Catskill Mountains.i Young Rip sometimes works on the old farm.j Old Rip always goes to the inn for a drink. (‘Often’ is also acceptable, but ‘always’ is better as he goesthere every day.)2 b Ic youd Hee Shef Theyg Weh Ii Hej hek Hel Im Theyn I3 1 c At first,2 a Then,3 e At the same time4 b Later,5 d In the end,4 b 4c 2d 5e 15 2 Then, the horseman throws his head at Ichabod.3 At the same time, Gunpowder gallops away.4 Later, people find Ichabod’s hat and a pumpkinnear the bridge.5 In the end, Brom marries Katrina.6 b teacherc smokerd angrilye fighterf wonderfullyg happilyh rideri weaklyj slowlyk quickly7 b 4c 3d 6e 2f 8g 1h 58 b schoolboys’c Van Tassels’d Katrina’se Brom’sf teacher’sg people’sh Ichabod’si Everyone’s9 b there arec there’s/there isd There aree there aref there areg there’s/there ish There’s/There isi There arej there arek there arel there’s/there ism there’s/there is。

《睡谷的传说》中理想与现实的冲突和矛盾作者：张宏明来源：《参花·下半月》2016年第03期摘要：华盛顿·欧文被誉为“美国文学之父”，是19世纪的著名作家。

小说《睡谷的传说》是其最著名的短篇小说之一，体现了理想和现实之间激烈的矛盾和冲突。

文章对小说的内容和写作特色做出介绍，并从自然风景的描写以及人物形象的刻画两个方面，对小说《睡谷的传说》中理想和现实的矛盾和冲突做出详细的阐释。

通过对理想和现实的矛盾冲突的解释，表明了作家的鲜明的态度，讽刺了当时的美国社会。

关键词：《睡谷的传说》理想与现实冲突矛盾自然环境人物刻画作家华盛顿·欧文的文学作品当中的舒适风格具有散文化的特征，且自然描写具有田园化的特点，从而形成了华盛顿·欧文独特的创作风格。

作家华盛顿·欧文对生活具有敏锐的洞察力和细致入微的观察力，创造了独具特色的“欧文式”散文文体，并成为19世纪散文创作的典范。

作家华盛顿·欧文的文学创作，文笔自然流畅，优雅而不失浪漫气息，得到了文学界的广泛认可和文学评论家的喜爱。

随着时间的流逝，欧文创作的作品魅力不减。

《睡谷的传说》就是其著名的作品之一，要分析这部作品中理想与现实的矛盾冲突，首先要了解作品的内容和文学特点。

一、《睡谷的传说》内容梗概及文学特色小说《睡谷的传说》融入了鬼魂的故事，为作品营造出一种恐怖气氛。

作品描述的不仅是三位主人公之间的三角爱情故事，更是睡谷本地人战胜外来者的故事。

小说《睡谷的传说》对比刻画了睡谷和外界不同的景色，展示了不同人物的性格特点，并对爱情以及英雄主义进行了嘲讽。

而自然景色以及社会的对比描写，体现出了理想和现实之间的矛盾和冲突。

远离尘嚣的荒野，甚至鬼魂游荡的地方，是作家华盛顿·欧文作品中最为常见的背景。

在这样的背景下，给小说《睡谷的传说》营造出深沉、奇诡、神秘的气息。

而欧洲的鬼怪故事与民间传说则是作家最青睐的题材。