中英茶文化异同的对比

茶道文化中国与英国的差别大概因为茶文化的不同，喝茶方式的不同，亚洲茶文化与欧洲茶文化截然不同，那茶道文化中国与英国有什么不同呢?下面是店铺为你整理的茶道文化中国与英国的差别，希望对您有用。

茶道文化中国与英国的差别中国哲学源于农耕文明。

农时农耕尤不与大自然息息相关，因而中国人视大自然为母亲，对其有一种天然的崇敬、依赖之情，更极为推崇汉代的儒学人家蕈仲舒提倡的“天人之际，合而为一”的思想。

茶生于山川河流之中，中国人在发现利用的基础上，自然结合自身的审美情趣赋予其天人合一的思想内涵。

中国茶文化不可避免地带有浓郁的山林气息。

绿茶在众多茶叶品种中最受人喜爱，原因就在于未发酵的绿茶一经冲泡，其形状、颜色、气味无不给人自然的气息，或看、或闻、或品，都令人仿佛置身于葱绿的自然一般心旷神恰。

紫砂茶具也在种类繁多的茶具中获得最多宠爱，是因为紫砂这一陶土精灵给人以质朴的泥土芬芳和无限的天地灵气。

中国历代的文人士大夫大都偏爱饮茶，雅兴来时，常邀三五好友，于松风竹林间煮茗论道。

数千年的文化熏陶，赋予了茶“淡泊”“宁静”“返璞归真”等神韵。

一方斗室，一豆青灯，一杯香茗，常常使人气定神闲、物我两忘，得以感受“天地与我并生，万物与我为一”的理想境界。

与中国“天人合一”的思想不同，西方文明主张“天人两分”，视自身为探索者和研究者，试图通过掌握自然的奥秘来主宰自然。

具体而言，英国人喜好发酵过的红茶，还经常加入其他调料，制成奶茶方才饮用。

在茶具的选择上，英国人也没有一直沿用中国瓷器，而是创造性地将动物的骨灰加入到瓷土中进行烧制，制造出了饮茶用的骨瓷。

英国茶文化还集中体现了西方社会的核心价值观——个人主义。

比如，邀请别人来喝下午茶时，女主人们势必要拿出家中最好的茶，费尽心思做出美味的茶点，还要换上最得体的服饰，从而向客人展示自己以及家中最完美的一面，获得自我精神的满足。

此外，英国茶文化追求实用性。

相较于中国茶文化随时随地皆可饮茶的传统，英国人将茶与一日三餐紧密地结合在一起，只会在固定的饮茶时间才悠闲地喝杯茶，如传统茶、下午茶以及晚餐茶，体现了其严谨考究的文化特色。

2017年第07期茶是日常生活中十分常见的一种饮品，通过喝茶，我们可以陶冶自己的情操，放松自己的身心，而随着经济的发展，人民生活水平的提高，茶也渐渐地被赋予了更多的含义。

由此，茶文化迅速形成并发展，中国的茶文化，逐渐从东方走向了西方，并对西方各国的文化产生了深远的影响。

其中最典型的国家就是英国。

自16世纪之后，茶文化传入英国并不断发展，时至今日，英国的茶文化已经具有其独特的文化内涵，也深刻影响着世界各地茶文化的发展。

在中英茶文化的发展中，有很多相似，但又不相同的地方，只有通过比较、对比，我们才能发现自己的需要改进的地方。

通过中英两个茶文化的比较，从中得出中国茶文化发展的重要启示，本文探讨了中英茶文化差异对中国茶文化的传播启示。

1中英茶文化的比较1.1中国茶文化的起源与发展中国的茶文化，古已有之，换句话说，中国的茶早在上古时期就有史料记载。

在《神农本草经》中，我国传说中的人物神农氏使用茶叶来治疗中毒的人，至今还没有发现比之更早的记载，而这个记载，距今有着大约4900年的历史。

所以，茶在中国的发展，便从此刻开始了。

东汉时期，茶文化缓慢发展着，而到了六朝时期，我国的佛教开始兴盛，出现了饮茶的僧人，带动起了一股饮茶的热潮，而这股热潮，也极大地影响了当时的封建统治者。

于是，封建统治者开始喜爱饮茶，统治者一带动，大家竞相模仿，后来，上到官员，下到百姓，人人都开始饮茶，掀起一股饮茶风潮，茶由此发展起来。

到了唐朝，商业经济发展兴盛，茶作为东方大国的商品，则更是发展兴盛起来，茶商品交易也流通频繁。

诗人骚客竞相为茶作诗，如李白、杜甫所写的《所做的答族侄僧中孚赠玉泉仙人掌茶》、《春风啜茗时》等一系列茶诗，在当时引起了不小的轰动。

而被后人称为茶圣的陆羽，则写成了传世之作《茶经》，这是我国的第一部详细介绍茶的经典巨作。

中国的茶文化至此正式形成，并迅速发展起来。

1.2英国茶文化的起源与发展唐代茶文化的发展，不仅影响了东方，更是传到了海外，16世纪，贸易的发展，海外贸易兴盛，而茶则开始了海外的传播之旅，它被葡萄牙人带到了英国，这也成为一个历史性的节点。

The Differences of Tea-drinking Culture betweenChina and BritainStudent：liyongTutor: lixuanAbstractChina is the native place of tea, and it is the first country in the world to plant, drink and export tea.When tea was discovered by Chinese, it was initially used as herb.According to records, the Tang Dynasty prosperous exchanges at home and abroad, tea is often used as gifts to the monks of China, missionaries and foreign envoys to Chinese, which is spread to the world, and in seventeenth Century to the identity of the British Isles imported luxury landing.Although,in many countries,there have tea phenomenon,but comparing with other European countries, the tea culture of Britain is the most famous and typical, and it has formed its own special tea culture.The paper aims to illustrate the different of tea-drinking culture between Britain and China from the four points,the history of the tea drinking ,the manner of tea drinking,the spirits of tea ceremony, and the impact of tea drinking.At last, according to the comparison, the writer suggests two points to develop our own tea culture, establishing the national day of tea drinking and creating our own international tea brand.Key words:Tea culture China and Britain Difference摘要中国是茶叶的故乡，它是世界上第一个种植，引用和出口茶叶的国家。

文化探索132摘要：从跨文化交际的角度分析中英茶文化中的共性与差异，皆在通过对于中英茶文化中的异同来更好的理解中英文化。

关键词：中国茶文化；英国茶文化；跨文化交际中国是世界上最早发现和利用茶叶的国家。

茶起源于神农氏、闻名于鲁周公、兴于唐朝、盛于宋氏。

而欧洲有关茶叶的记载始于1559年。

17世纪，中国茶叶经由荷兰人和葡萄牙人的贸易进入到欧洲市场。

使得欧洲各国开始了饮茶的习惯。

除中国外，英国人也将茶发展成了一种文化。

因此本文从跨文化交际的角度出发分别从两个具有悠久茶文化历史的国家入手来探究中英两国茶文化的异同，并对产生差异的原因进行分析，近而能避免跨文化交际中的冲突，促进中英两国更好的进行文化交流。

一、中英茶文化的共性1.饮茶习惯中国是茶的故乡，英国则将下午茶文化发挥到极致。

相传早在公元前2700年以前，中国就有人已经发现茶有滋补唾液、解渴、提神、祛病的功效。

经过不断改进的加工工艺，茶已成为一种适合所有年龄的饮料。

因此，饮茶的习俗在中国已经形成，并持续了几千年。

在英国，上层社会对茶的膜拜则源于一位葡萄牙公主。

1662年，嗜好饮茶的葡萄牙公主凯瑟琳嫁给了英国国王查理二世，她的嫁妆包括221磅红茶和精美的中国茶具，那时候，红茶之珍贵不亚于白银。

新王后优雅的泡茶方式令英国贵族争相效仿，品茗风尚迅速风行并成为当时“高大上”的象征，英国上流社会掀起一股“最炫中国茶”之风。

而在19世纪40年代英式下午茶盛行。

直至今日英式下午茶依然风靡全球。

2.社交手段自古以来，茶与酒都有着先天的交际功能西方人很重视茶会，特别是英国人，把饮茶变成独具特色的社交形式。

在英国，中上层家庭常组织茶会招待亲友，请来三五客人，一起品品茶，聊些轻松有趣的话题。

在中国茶叶同样扮演着不可或缺的社交角色。

在中式的婚礼中有一个不能丢掉的环节就是穿着红色结婚礼服的新娘、新郎站在父母面前，会恭敬地端上了茶说：“爸爸，妈妈，请喝茶。

”通过这个动作来表达对父母的尊敬和感激之情。

中英茶文化比较作者：蔡佳颖来源：《魅力中国》2018年第22期摘要：一个民族的饮食文化中可以反映出该民族的历史文化特征。

茶文化始于中国，有着悠久的历史。

而当茶文化传入英国后，与当地的文化因素相结合，形成了很有代表性的西方茶文化。

本文通过中英茶文化的对比，简要分析其背后隐藏的文化因素。

关键词：中国；英国；茶茶对于中国人有着非常重要的意义，是我们上至国家礼节，下到平民交往中不可或缺的文化符号。

中国是茶的发源地，已有五千多年的历史。

茶文化的形成最早可以追溯到唐朝陆羽的《茶经》。

自17世纪后，茶文化传入英国。

虽然最初只在上层社会流传，但慢慢也形成了独具特色“下午茶”文化。

中英的茶文化中的异同之处可见文化差异之一斑，下面我将就这文化差异进行简要的分析。

首先从茶的种类来看，绿茶在中国是最受欢迎的茶，而英国人更喜欢红茶，这其中就能看出许多文化的因素。

从历史上来看，人们茶叶的利用，是一个逐渐了解的过程。

最早出现的茶只是简单地将茶树的叶子煎水后饮用。

后来才有慢慢出现了炙烤、蒸、炒等加工方式，出现了绿茶。

然而有些新鲜的茶叶，采摘下来后，尚未进行及时的杀青，由于堆积、损伤、运输中的摇晃等原因，使得部分鲜叶发生了发酵反应，于是就产生了发酵茶类——红茶与花茶。

在唐宋时代，茶叶的生产系统以贡茶为主，因此就不会出現保存不当而发酵的现象。

同时，对茶叶的挑选制作都有着非常严格的要求，例如龙团凤饼、雀舌、毛尖，都是追求叶子的外形美的绿茶。

而到了元朝，贡茶系统慢慢瓦解，制茶转向民间。

没有了严格的控制标准，有些茶叶经过了无意的发酵，红茶才得以广泛流传。

明清时期，英国开始从中国大量进口茶叶，由于绿茶的制作成本太高，而且在运输中很难保存，因此流传到英国的茶大多是红茶。

另外，任何文化的产生都是环境适应的结果。

茶文化最早兴起于我国的东南沿海，气候较温暖，而英国出于高纬度地区，气候较湿冷。

绿茶阴寒，不如暖性的红茶适合英国人的体质与生活环境。

另外，英国多食牛羊肉。

文化长廊中英茶文化差异刘子熙 沈阳大学侯君 沈阳大学摘 要：茶叶作为一种健康的饮品，深受世界各国的喜爱，而其在各国衍生的茶文化也大不相同，中国的茶道最具有代表性，而英国的下午茶也有其独特性。

从茶的起源，发展，茶具的使用与习俗到茶所带来的精神都有其各自特点。

本文通过简单介绍中国和英国的茶文化进而比较两者差别。

关键词：中英；茶文化；差异作者简介：刘子熙（1995-），女，汉，辽宁人，沈阳大学硕士在读，研究方向：汉语国际教育；侯君（1979-），女，汉族，研究生，沈阳大学副教授，研究方向：教育学。

[中图分类号]：G125 [文献标识码]：A[文章编号]：1002-2139(2018)-18-184-01随着当今世界科技与文化的进步，各国之间文化交流更加密切，茶作为世界三大饮料之一，通过文化的形式影响着世界各地，但不同的人文背景，环境差异，风土人情也使中英有着不同的饮茶文化。

一、中国茶文化茶作为中国的民族饮品，有着悠久的历史文化进程，甚至可以追溯到大约300多万年前。

根据陆羽《茶经》所记载：“茶之为饮，发乎神农氏。

”茶文化在中国的体现被称为茶道，也是中国文化中唯一获得此称号的美食艺术。

中国的饮茶之道，即所谓的“四大精神”：和，静，怡，真。

和，是中国哲学思想的中心，是由《周易》中“保合大和”的思想发展而来的，也是茶道之魂。

在儒学中体现为“中庸之道”。

尊重他人的态度和行为，谦逊待人，在为人处世中体现“以和为贵”。

静，意味着安静，纯净和整洁。

品茶需要平和宁静的环境和空灵虚静的心，当空气中飘散着茶的幽香，萦绕着身心，品茗者的内心也得愈加空灵透澈，渐入“天人合一”的意境。

怡，意味着高兴，舒心和满足。

幽美的品茶环境，精致的茶具，迷人的茶香，清爽的茶味都使人产生舒适的感觉。

人们的审美器官和精神心灵都会在这样一个舒畅，怡悦的氛围中得到升华与满足。

真，意味着物之真，情之真，性之真，道之真。

无论是茶叶，茶具还是桌椅，字画等都要求真家真迹；品茗时的情谊也要真挚；释放真性情；在自然中体会其“道”的哲学。

2018年第10期学术专业人文茶趣基金项目：陕西理工大学科研基金项目项目编号：SLGKY2017-37作者简介：严映雪（1976-），女，陕西汉中人，硕士，讲师，研究方向：外语教学。

1中式茶与英式茶的发展过程1.1中式茶的发展中式茶有着较悠久的历史，根据记载的文献我们分析，唐朝是中国茶文化的发展点。

其中陆羽的《茶经》能够反映出当时茶的影响范围很广。

其实，在唐这个朝代之前，也出现过茶，但是没能找到比较具体系统的文献，并且那时候对于茶的研究也极少，饮茶的要点也没有。

但是自从《茶经》的问世，就给茶的发展指明了方向，再后来，宋朝有一种叫做“斗茶法”的现象出现，将茶文化更好地展现在百姓生活中，遍布了大街小巷。

由此可见，社会风气对于茶的发展来说，也是有推动作用的。

随着后来的每个朝代经济的快速发展中，人们对于生活的质量开始重视起来，将茶贯穿到生活中的点点滴滴中去。

这样，就加速了茶文化的发展，并且对于之后的茶精神也有画龙点睛的作用。

1.2英式茶的发展与中式茶比较来说，英式茶的发展时间就比较短了，发展的起点也是不一样的。

大概在17世纪的时候，随着凯瑟琳嫁到英国皇室，在她的众多陪嫁品中，其中也包括了茶。

并且，凯瑟琳也在当时创办了贵族们消遣的“家庭茶会”，在当时的社会风气下，茶在英国逐渐变成一种权利，身份地位的象征。

在19世纪时，英国人偶然发现的野生的茶树，因此，英国就开始殖民地范围内的大面积种植茶树。

随着茶树的种植，以及当时的社会潮流走向，英国人开始将茶作为自己的消遣饮品。

而且对于英国人对茶的需求来说，英国人吃午餐都比较随便，而下午时间特别漫长，为了不饿肚子，“下午茶”也逐渐流行起来。

2英式茶语的文化分析2.1概念“茶”对于英国人来说，包含了不止一种意思。

在中文中，茶不仅是茶叶，还是用茶叶来冲泡的饮品。

但是对于英国人来说，在他们的茶文化里面，茶除了中文所表达的意思之外，还有其他的意思。

比如“下午茶”里面的茶就表示午后休闲时刻，或者是聚会。

跨文化视野下的中英茶文化比较跨文化视野下的中英茶文化比较跨文化视野下的中英茶文化比较摘要：茶在人们的生活中成为越来越不可或缺的生活必备品。

由于东西方的不同文化背景，茶有着或相似或相异的文化。

本文在跨文化视野下，从历史渊源、品茶文化、茶道精神、文学对茶的运用等方面，对中英茶文化进行对比。

关键词：茶文化;茶道精神;跨文化中国是最早发现和利用茶叶的国家，茶文化历史悠久、博大精深。

英国利用茶叶这一舶来品塑造了独具英国特色的红茶文化，开创了优雅自在的下午茶，成为世界上人均茶消费量最大的国家。

中英茶文化的不同表现根源于两国各自不同的历史背景和社会发展轨迹。

一、茶的发展史中国是世界茶文化的发祥地，是对世界文化的贡献。

这种贡献不仅在于发现并利用茶这种植物的始发性，而且还体现在茶文化已经逐步发展成为中国乃至全球全人类的一种灿烂独特的特色文化体系。

[1]“精茶、真水、活火、妙器”。

[2]茶艺之四要素也产生了世界上第一部茶文化专著陆羽所撰的《茶经》《茶经》对唐代及以前的茶叶历史、产。

地，茶的功效、栽培、采制、煎煮、饮用的知识技术都作了阐述，是我国茶文化的里程碑。

宋朝的茶文化发展到了鼎盛时期。

到元、明、清时代，城市茶馆随之兴起，并发展成为适合社会各阶层所需的活动场所，把茶与各种民间文化活动融“客来敬合起来，形成了特殊的“茶馆文化”。

“民不可一日无茶”，是中国人生活的一个剪茶”影。

人们的生活习惯千差万别，但茶却是共同的爱好，人们在细啜慢饮中逐渐形成了独特的中国茶文化。

“饮茶代酒之习惯，东西方同样重视，惟东方饮茶之风盛行数世纪之后，欧洲才开始习饮之”。

[3]茶叶的发现纯属偶《神农草本》然，据记载：“神农尝百草，日遭七十。

作为能解毒提神醒脑的良二毒，得茶而解之”药，茶后来衍生出品种繁多的茶叶家族以及博大精深的茶文化。

春秋战国时期，老庄无为主义、孔孟仁爱思想逐渐渗入茶文化领域。

秦汉之前四川就盛行饮茶。

在汉朝，茶叶成为佛教“坐禅”的专用滋补品，茶文化与儒、道、释思想有着千丝万缕的联系。

2018年第08期作者简介：孟燕只（1981-），女，讲师，本科学历（研究生学位），研究方向：应用语言学，翻译。

中国是茶文化的故乡，从我们的祖辈开始就发现了茶的很多功用，茶文化的内涵也渐渐的走入了我们的生活，并不断丰满起来，成为我国的重要传统文化。

中国在几世纪前，为了能够与外国经济相连，打开世界的大门，有两样东西流入西方，一是茶叶，一是瓷器。

在我国唐代时期，为了占领欧洲市场，我国的瓷器被大量地投入到西方市场，且当做珍品，只有一些有钱的贵族才能够拥有。

并且，同一时期，从欧洲开船到中国，有一位荷兰的商人，将我国的茶文化也带入了西方市场。

并且，根据唐代的《茶经》来宣传茶文化，并在1693年，注写了《茶文化大集》，讲的就是茶的泡法、饮法。

这本书也受到西方贵族的痴迷，并成为他们的专属物品。

当时茶叶也成为欧洲社会的奢侈品，随着时间的不断发展，茶文化的内容也在不断增多，随着茶文化向海外的不断发展，也形成了他们自己独特的词语，俚语形式，形成了具有当地特色的文化。

1中西茶文化之间的差异性1.1茶叶分类的差异要想看出中西方茶文化之间的差异，就要求对分类制作方法以及品质方面进行分析。

其中我们可以将茶分成乌龙茶，绿茶，红茶等。

中国人喜欢喝绿茶，然后是乌龙茶和红茶。

但是西方人喜欢喝红茶。

我国茶叶虽然种类繁多，但多以绿茶为主，像西湖龙井，碧螺春等都是人们喜爱的绿茶品种。

所以在翻译上来讲，我们就可以将green tea 翻译为绿茶。

red tea 翻译为红茶。

所以和中国相比，西方的茶文化远远能够将其概述。

因此，在资料中我们也能看出，我国的茶叶出口到国外时，多以红茶为主，以英国为例，他们每天都要喝茶，最著名的就是维多利亚的下午茶，这已经成为英国人的生活习惯。

所以在翻译时red tea 只是中国的翻译方式，在英国，红茶被翻译为black tea 。

因此，在英语翻译中，我们首先就要了解为什么这样翻译红茶，这就要知道红茶的发展与起源，因为在英国时，红茶初入是黑色的，所以就被翻译成black tea ，因此这种说法就被一直沿用至今。

中国茶文化与外国文化的差异英语作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Chinese tea culture and foreign culture have many differences that stem from the historical development and unique characteristics of each culture.Firstly, the concept of time is different in Chinese tea culture compared to Western cultures. In China, tea drinking is seen as a leisurely activity that requires time and patience. People sit down to enjoy their tea and engage in conversation while savoring the flavors. In contrast, Western cultures tend to view tea as a quick pick-me-up or a way to boost energy. Tea is often consumed on the go or during a short break, and the focus is more on the function of the tea rather than the experience of drinking it.Secondly, the types of tea consumed in Chinese tea culture are different from those consumed in other cultures. Chinese tea culture is rich and diverse, with a wide variety of teas available, such as green tea, black tea, oolong tea, and pu'er tea. Each type of tea has its own unique flavor profile and health benefits. In Western cultures, the most commonly consumed teas are blacktea and herbal teas, which tend to have simpler and more uniform flavors compared to Chinese teas.Additionally, the brewing and serving methods in Chinese tea culture are distinct from those in foreign cultures. Chinese traditional tea ceremonies involve intricate rituals and precise techniques for brewing and serving tea. The focus is on creating a harmonious and aesthetically pleasing experience for the senses. In contrast, in Western cultures, tea is usually brewed in a simple teapot or tea bag and served in a straightforward manner without much ceremony or ritual.Furthermore, the symbolism and social significance of tea in Chinese culture differ from that in other cultures. In China, tea has deep cultural and historical roots and is often associated with concepts of harmony, respect, and hospitality. Tea ceremonies are a way to show respect to guests and foster relationships. In Western cultures, tea is often associated with relaxation, comfort, and self-care. It is seen as a way to unwind and take a moment for oneself.In conclusion, Chinese tea culture and foreign cultures have many differences that reflect the unique traditions, values, and customs of each society. While Chinese tea culture is steeped in history and tradition, foreign cultures have their own distinctways of consuming and appreciating tea. By understanding and appreciating the differences between Chinese tea culture and foreign cultures, we can gain a deeper appreciation for the diversity and richness of tea traditions around the world.篇2Chinese tea culture has a history spanning thousands of years and has become an integral part of Chinese tradition and heritage. The practice of tea drinking has been deeply rooted in Chinese society and is a significant aspect of social life, family gatherings, and everyday interactions. Chinese tea culture embodies the values of harmony, respect, tranquility, and balance, and has played a pivotal role in shaping Chinese philosophy, art, and literature.In contrast, the tea culture in Western countries such as the United States, the United Kingdom, and Europe, has a relatively shorter history and a different set of customs and traditions. The Western tea culture, often referred to as the "Afternoon Tea" or "High Tea," is more formal and structured compared to the Chinese tea culture. In Western countries, tea drinking is often associated with social events, such as afternoon tea parties, formal dinners, or special occasions.One of the key differences between Chinese and Western tea culture lies in the types of tea consumed. In China, there is a wide variety of traditional teas, including green tea, black tea, oolong tea, white tea, and pu'erh tea. Each type of tea has its unique flavor profile, brewing methods, and health benefits. Tea connoisseurs in China value the quality and authenticity of the tea leaves, as well as the brewing process, which is considered an art form.In contrast, Western tea culture tends to focus on a few popular types of tea, such as black tea, Earl Grey, English breakfast, and herbal teas. The emphasis is more on the presentation and serving of tea, with elaborate tea sets, teapots, and tea accessories used to enhance the tea-drinking experience. In Western countries, tea is often prepared with milk, sugar, or lemon, which is quite different from the Chinese tradition of drinking tea without any additives to appreciate the natural flavor of the tea leaves.Another significant difference between Chinese and Western tea culture is the social context in which tea drinking takes place. In China, tea is often consumed in a more informal setting, such as at home with family and friends, in teahouses, or during business meetings. Tea is seen as a way to foster relationships,share stories, and create a sense of community. The Chinese practice of serving tea as a gesture of hospitality and respect is deeply ingrained in the culture.In comparison, the Western tea culture is often associated with formal occasions and special events. The tradition of afternoon tea, for example, is a refined and elegant affair that is typically served in upscale hotels, tearooms, or fine dining establishments. The ritual of afternoon tea involves a selection of tea sandwiches, scones, pastries, and cakes, and is accompanied by fine china, silverware, and table linens. The focus is on the aesthetics and presentation of the tea service, as well as the etiquette and manners observed during the tea ceremony.Furthermore, the philosophy and symbolism of tea in Chinese culture differ from that in Western culture. In China, tea is revered as a symbol of harmony, balance, and contemplation. The practice of brewing and serving tea is seen as a meditative and spiritual experience, with emphasis placed on mindfulness, focus, and presence in the moment. Tea ceremonies, such as the traditional Gongfu tea ceremony or the Japanese tea ceremony, are performed with grace, precision, and reverence for the tea leaves and the utensils used.On the other hand, in Western culture, tea is often viewed as a beverage for relaxation, pleasure, and socialization. The act of drinking tea is seen as a way to unwind, socialize with friends, or enjoy a moment of respite from the hustle and bustle of daily life. Tea parties, tea tastings, and tea rituals are popular in Western societies, where the emphasis is on hospitality, entertainment, and creating a convivial atmosphere for guests.In conclusion, the differences between Chinese tea culture and Western tea culture are significant and reflect the unique traditions, customs, and values of each society. While both traditions share a common appreciation for the art of tea brewing and the consumption of tea, the ways in which tea is prepared, served, and enjoyed vary greatly between China and Western countries. The cultural significance of tea in both societies underscores the enduring appeal of this ancient beverage and its ability to unite people across different cultures and backgrounds.篇3Chinese tea culture has a long history and is deeply ingrained in the daily lives of the people. It is not just about drinking tea, but also about the art of making and serving tea, as well as the philosophy and customs associated with it. In contrast,tea culture in many Western countries is more focused on the beverage itself rather than the whole experience.One of the major differences between Chinese and Western tea cultures is the way tea is served. In China, tea is usually served in small cups or bowls without handles, and the tea leaves are often brewed multiple times. Rituals like the Gongfu tea ceremony are practiced to ensure that the tea is brewed to perfection and enjoyed in a calm and peaceful setting. On the other hand, in Western countries, tea is typically served in larger cups or mugs with handles, and the focus is more on the convenience of drinking tea rather than the ritualistic aspects.Another difference is the types of tea that are popular in each culture. In China, the most common types of tea include green tea, black tea, white tea, oolong tea, and Pu-erh tea, each with its own unique flavor and health benefits. Different regions in China also have their own specialty teas, such as Dragon Well tea from Hangzhou and Da Hong Pao tea from Wuyi Mountain. In contrast, Western countries typically consume black tea, such as English Breakfast or Earl Grey, and herbal teas like chamomile or peppermint. The variety of teas in China is much wider and the flavors are more diverse compared to Western teas.The way tea is consumed also differs between Chinese and Western cultures. In China, tea is often enjoyed with food or snacks, and it is common to have multiple rounds of tea during a meal or social gathering. Tea is also seen as a way to cleanse the palate and aid digestion. On the other hand, in Western cultures, tea is usually consumed on its own or with a biscuit or piece of cake as a simple refreshment. The social and health benefits of tea are not as emphasized in Western cultures as they are in China.Finally, the symbolism and meaning of tea differ between Chinese and Western cultures. In China, tea is seen as a symbol of hospitality, respect, and harmony. Offering tea to guests is a sign of welcoming and showing respect, and tea ceremonies are often used to mark important occasions or express gratitude. In Western cultures, tea is more commonly associated with relaxation and enjoyment, and it is often used as a way to unwind after a long day or socialize with friends.In conclusion, the differences between Chinese tea culture and Western tea culture are rooted in their respective histories, traditions, and customs. While both cultures appreciate the taste and beauty of tea, the way it is prepared, served, consumed, and valued varies significantly. Understanding these differences canhelp bridge the gap between East and West and foster a greater appreciation for the diversity of tea cultures around the world.。

中英茶文化内涵的对比研究--从物质、精神和语言方面摘要中国人发现茶后是作为药草来使用的，茶与文化因素结合后，在农耕文明的基础上受到儒释道三家思想的影响, 形成了中国特色的茶文化。

1 7 世纪茶叶进入到欧洲市场，虽然很多国家都有茶叶的消费，却只有英国建立了属于自己的茶文化体系。

中英两国在不同的文化背景下形成了各自的茶文化体系，在这个体系中，茶文化的内涵集中体现了茶与文化结合产生的种种文化现象。

本文对中英茶文化内涵的对比主要是从物质、精神和语言三个方面来进行阐述，最后总结出中英茶文化出现差异的深层原因。

文章第一部分的内容是关于茶的起源及中国茶在西方国家的传播；第二部分则重点阐明了茶文化的定义和内涵，并叙述了中国茶文化和英国茶文化的形成过程，其中关于两国的历史、经济、政治等因素对茶文化形成产生的影响进行了较为详细的叙述；第三部分是文章的重点内容，主要从物质、精神和语言三个方面来分析和对比中国茶文化和英国茶文化在内涵上的体现，分别是中英茶文化的物态形式、内在本质和使用方式；本文的第四部分是通过第三部分的对比和分析进而对造成中英两国茶文化差异的原因作一个总结。

茶起源于中国，又飘香在英国，茶成为中英两国共同的标志性特征，并深刻地影响了人们的日常生活和精神世界。

本文以对比中英两国茶文化的内涵为研究主题，是想试着通过茶文化内涵中物质、精神和语言三方面的内容来深层剖析中英两国的茶文化，进而揭示出两种茶文化在本质上的区别。

关键词：茶文化, 内涵, 物质, 精神, 语言湖北工业大学硕士学位论文II Abstract When tea was discovered by Chinese, it was initially used as herb. After it was integrated with cultural, tea culture was formed. In China, under the influence of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, Chinese tea culture was formed on the basis of cultivation culture. In the 17th century, tea began to enter European market. Although many countries had joined Chinese tea consumption, only British established their own system of tea culture. China and British formed their respective systems of tea culture toward different cultural backgrounds. In this system, the connotation of tea culture epitomized all kinds of cultural phenomena produced from the combination of tea and culture. The contrasts in the connotations of tea culture between China and British given in this paper were in material, spiritual and linguistic, these three respects, and in the end, the author sums up deep reasons that led to the differences of tea cultures between China and British. The first part introduces the origin of tea and the spread of Chinese tea in Western countries. The second part emphasizes the definition and connotation of tea culture, and explains theformation of Chinese culture and British culture, gives quite detailed description on impacts produced by the factors of history, economy and politics in two countries upon the formation of tea culture. The third part is the core part of this paper, which mainly analyzes and contrasts the embodiment of the connotations of Chinese and British tea cultures from material, spiritual and linguistic respects. The fourth part of this paper, based on the analysis and contrasts made in the third part, makes a summary statement about reasons that lead to the differences between Chinese tea culture and British one. Tea originated from China and then was spread to Britain. Tea has become the common symbolic characteristic of both China and Britain, and has profoundly impacted people’s daily lives and spiritual world. This paper takes the contrast between the connotations of tea culture in Chinese and British as its study subject, tries to deeply analyze Chinese tea culture and British one through material, spiritual and linguistic aspects in tea culture connotations and then reveals the essential differences between the two kinds of tea cultures. Keywords: Tea Culture,Connotation,Material,Spiritual,Linguistic 学位论文原创性声明和使用授权说明原创性声明本人郑重声明：所呈交的学位论文，是本人在导师指导下，独立进行研究工作所取得的研究成果。

Differences between Chinese and British Tea CultureA Thesis Presented in Partial Fulfillmentof the Requirements forthe Degree of Bachelor of ArtsBy 本人名字Under the Supervision ofLecturer 导师名字########## CollegeofInner MongoliaApril 2011中英茶文化差异摘要茶作为中国传统文化的重要组成部分，具有悠久的历史。

中国是茶的故乡，是最早发现和饮用茶的国家。

茶在十六世纪中叶传到欧洲，传入英国后，饮茶在英国颇为盛行，形成了独特的英国茶文化。

如今茶已遍布世界各地，所产生的茶文化也不尽相同，甚至在一些国家和地区成为社会风俗和民族文化的一部分。

本文对中英的茶文化进行了对比，最后总结出了中英茶文化存在的差异。

论文第一部分是对文章的总体介绍。

第二部分介绍了中国的茶的历史和文化以及中国的茶道。

通过阅读本文章，读者可以更进一步了解中国的传统文化。

文章第三部分对英国的茶文化和英式的茶道进行介绍。

第四章重点从四个方面论述中国茶文化和英国茶文化的差异，得出中国茶文化以及英国茶文化所体现的不同的精神内涵。

文化和礼仪是分不开的，不同的文化会通过不同的礼仪有所体现，了解不同国家的文化，吸取文化精华和优点，了解文化的差异，都将有利于更好地进行跨文化交际。

关键词：茶文化；茶道；文化差异；跨文化交际Differences between Chineseand British Tea CultureAbstractTea is one important part of Chinese traditional cultures，and it has a long history. China, the first country discovering and drinking tea, is the homeland of tea. Tea spread to Europe in the middle of the sixteenth century. Since tea was introduced to the United Kingdom, tea drinking has been quite prevalent among the British people, thus a unique British tea culture was developed. Nowadays tea spreads to all over the world. Diverse tea cultures come into being. In some countries and regions, it has already become part of the social custom and culture.In this paper, it first elaborates tea culture in China and Britain, and finally sums up differences of tea culture between the two countries. The first section is a brief introduction. Chapter two is about the history and culture of tea in China, and Chinese tea ceremony. From these introductions you can better understand Chinese traditional culture. The third part is about British tea culture and British-style tea ceremony. Chapter four focuses on differences between British and Chinese tea culture, which has been discussed from four aspects. In the end, their different connotations have been revealed.Culture and ritual are inseparable, and different cultures will be reflected by different manners. Understanding the culture of different countries, and learning their cultural essence and advantages are conducive to cross-cultural exchange.Key words: tea culture; tea ceremony; cultural differences; cross-cultural exchangeContentsChapter 1 Introduction (1)Chapter 2 Chinese Tea Culture and Etiquette (2)2.1 History of Tea in China (2)2.2 Tea Culture in China (2)2.3 China —The Original Tea Ceremony (3)Chapter3 British Tea Culture and Etiquette (5)3.1 Tea Culture in Britain (5)3.2 English Tea Ceremony (6)3.2.1 English Tea Ritual (6)3.2.2 Afternoon Tea (6)3.2.3 High Tea (7)Chapter 4 Differences of Tea Culture (8)4.1 Different Starting Time of Drinking Tea (8)4.2 Different Tea Drinking Cultures (9)4.3 Differences of Tea Etiquette (10)4.4 Differences of Teahouse Culture (11)4.5 Different Social Influences (13)Chapter 5 Conclusion (14)Notes (15)Bibliography (16)Acknowledgements (17)Chapter 1 IntroductionTea culture is defined by the way tea is made and consumed; by the way people interact with tea, and by the aesthetics surrounding tea drinking. Tea is a customary drink worldwide. In Asian countries, drinking tea is an ancient tradition accompanied by a highly developed tea-based culture which is tied to art and local customs. Among Russians and Eastern Mediterranean inhabitants, tea became a prevalent drink long after the flourishing tea culture developed in China, and yet many years before Europeans tasted it for the first time. The tea ceremonies are the crowning glory of the tea culture. They set it apart and glorify it and give a symbolic meaning to the importance of tea in society and local culture. Tea ceremonies which have been preserved from ancient times open a window to distant cultures and ancient customs which have assimilated into various traditions and accompanied them up until today. In many cultures, tea is often drunk at high class social events, and many cultures have created intricate formal ceremonies for these events. Western examples are afternoon tea and the tea party. In the east, tea ceremonies differ among countries, it may be consumed early in the day to heighten alertness; it contains theophylline and bound caffeine. There are tea ceremonies which have arisen in different cultures. Chinese tea ceremony uses some traditional ways of brewing tea. One form of Chinese tea ceremony is the Gongfu tea ceremony, which typically uses small Yixing clay teapots and oolong tea. Different regions also favor different varieties of tea, black, green, or oolong, and use different flavorings, such as milk, sugar or herbs. The temperature and strength of the tea likewise vary widely. Some tea cultures in China have e been flourishing for such a long time, it is crucial to first date back to the ancient times and review the origin and development of tea culture on this beautiful land.Chapter 2 Chinese Tea Culture and Etiquette2.1 History of Tea in ChinaAs we all know, China is the hometown of tea culture. The history of tea in China is long and complex. The Chinese have enjoyed tea for millennia. Scholars hailed the brew as a cure for a variety of ailments; the nobility considered the consumption of good tea as a mark of their status, and the common people simply enjoyed its flavor.Tea was first discovered by the Chinese Emperor Shennong in 2737 BC. It is said that the emperor liked his drinking water boiled before he drank it so it would be clean, so that is what his servants did. One day, on a trip to a distant region, he and his army stopped to rest. A servant began boiling water for him to drink, and a dead leaf from the wild tea bush fell into the water. It turned a brownish color, but it was unnoticed and presented to the emperor anyway. The emperor drank it and found it very refreshing, and tea was born. While historically the origin of tea as a medicinal herb useful for staying awake is unclear.1The Han Dynasty used tea as medicine. The use of tea as a beverage drunk for pleasure on social occasion’s dates from the Tang Dynasty or earlier. Chinese te a was primarily used as a medicine before the 8th century B.C. During the spring and Autumn Period, Chinese people chewed tea leaves and enjoyed the taste of the juice itself. In the next stage, Chinese tea was cooked like a soup. Tea leaves were eaten along with the soup. Tea leaves were even mixed with food. Ancient Chinese books documented that tea was eaten and used with other spices to cook.22.2 Tea Culture in ChinaJust as coffee became a part of daily life in the West, tea became a part of daily life in China. One can see teahouses scattered on the streets of China, much like cafeson the streets of the West. The Chinese have such a close relationship with tea that a new culture relating to tea began to rise in China. Tea Culture includes articles, poems, pictures about tea, the art of making and drinking tea, and some customs about tea. Tea plays an important role in Chinese social life. Tea is always offered to a guest immediately upon entering a Chinese home. Serving a cup of tea is more than a matter of mere politeness.It is a symbol of togetherness, a sharing of something enjoyable, and a way of showing respect to visitors. In some areas of China, it might be considered rude not to take at least a sip.Due to the importance of tea in Chinese society and culture, tea houses can be found in most Chinese neighborhoods and business districts. Chinese-style tea houses offer dozens of varieties of hot and cold tea concoctions. They also serve a variety of tea-friendly and tea-related snacks. Beginning in the late afternoon, the typical Chinese tea house quickly becomes packed with students and business people, and later at night plays host to insomniacs and night owls simply looking for a place to relax.The art of drinking and serving tea plays a major cultural role in China. It inspires poetry and songs.3Mutual love of tea cements lifelong friendship. For centuries, the ritual of preparing and serving tea has had a special place in the hearts and minds of Chinese aristocracy, court officials, intellectuals and poets.2.3 China — The Original Tea CeremonyA tea ceremony is a ritualized form of making tea. One can also refer to the whole set of rituals, tools, gestures, etc. used in such ceremonies as tea culture. All of these tea ceremonies and rituals contain “artificiality, abstractness, symbolism and formalism”to one degree or another.4At a very basic level, tea ceremonies are a formalized way of making a hot drink, in a process which has been refined to yield the best taste.The tea ceremony reflects the search for beauty in every object of the world. The ceremony must be conducted in a peaceful atmosphere and induce a sense of tranquility and harmony among the participants.We all know that it is very important to brew Chines e- style .After heating water to boiling; the teapot first is rinsed with hot water. Using chopsticks or a bamboo tea scoop, fill teapot approximately 1/3 full with tea leaves and then pour boiling water into the pot. Hold the teapot over a large bowl, letting the overflow run into the bowl. Give the tea leaves a rinse by filling the pot half full with hot water, then draining the water out immediately, leaving only the soaked tea leaves.Now fill the pot to the top with more hot water, cover and pour additional water over the teapot resting in the tea bowl. Do not allow bubbles to form in the pot. When mixed with the tea, bubbles form the foam that is not aesthetically pleasing. Be sure to not let the tea steep too long; the first infusion should be steeped for only 30 seconds. In less than a minute, pour the tea into the cups by moving the teapot around in a continual motion over the cups so that they are filled together. Each cup should taste exactly the same. After steeping, the tea can be poured into a second teapot or tea pitcher to be served at leisure. More water can be added to the teapot, and up to five infusions typically can be made from the same tea leaves. Be sure to add 10 more seconds for the second brewing and 15 additional seconds thereafter. Each pot of tea serves three to four rounds and up to five or six, depending on the tea and the server. The goal is that each round tastes the same as the first.5China attached great importance to the spirit of tea ceremony. The Chinese tea ceremony is the most ancient ceremony and plays a central role in Chinese culture. The tea is the heart of the ceremony: the host and ceremony participants smell the tea, taste it and enjoy the many layers of taste discovered with every mouthful.Chapter 3 British Tea Culture and Etiquette3.1 Tea Culture in BritainBritain is the second largest tea consumer per capita in the world, with each person consuming on average 2.1 kg per year. The popularity of tea dates back to the 19th century when India was part of the British Empire, and British interests controlled tea production in the subcontinent. It was, however, first introduced in Britain by Catherine of Braganza, queen consort of Charles II of England in the 1660s and 1670s. As tea spread throughout the United Kingdom people started to have tea gardens and tea dances. These would include watching fireworks or a dinner party and dance, concluding with a nice evening tea.6Black tea is usually served with milk (never cream) and sometimes with sugar. Strong tea served with lots of milk and often two teaspoons of sugar, usually in a mug, is commonly referred to as builder’s tea. Much of the time in the United Kingdom, tea drinking is not the delicate, refined cultural expression that the rest of the world imagines—a cup of tea is something drunk often, with some people drinking as much as six cups of tea a day. This is not to say that the British do not have a more formal tea ceremony, but for the working class of the United Kingdom, tea breaks are an essential part of any day. Employers generally allow breaks for tea and sometimes biscuits to be served.There used to be a tradition of tea rooms in the UK which provided the traditional fare of cream and jam on scones, a combination commonly known as cream tea. However, these establishments have declined in popularity since World War II. In Devon and Cornwall particularly, cream teas are a specialty. Tea shops and Lyons Corner Houses were a successful chain of such establishments. It is a common misconception that cream tea refers to tea served with cream. This is certainly not the case. It simply means that tea is served with a scone with clotted cream and jam.73.2 English Tea CeremonyAs we all know, the concept of English tea ceremony was first introduced by the Japanese culture as part of their tradition. From the introduction of the tea ceremony in Japan, the popularity of tea continued to travel until it reached England. So for that, it is not amazing that many of the English especially those who are really tea drinkers still practice the Japanese tea ceremony. This is also associated with the English tea party or the English tea time. As such, this is involved some gatherings and since it is an “English tea ceremony” the tea is at the center stage.3.2.1 English Tea RitualEven very slightly formal events can be a cause for cups and saucers to be used instead of mugs. A typical semi-formal British tea ritual might run as follows.1. The kettle is boiled and water poured into a tea pot.2. Water is swirled around the pot to warm it and then poured out.3. Loose tea leaves—nowadays often tea bags or the dust from a ripped-open tea bag—is then added to the pot.4. Water is added to the pot and allowed to brew for several minutes while a tea cosyis placed on the pot to keep the tea warm.5. Milk may be added to the tea cup, the host asking the guest if milk is wanted,although milk may alternatively be added after the tea is poured.6. A tea strainer, like a miniature sieve, is placed over the top of the cup and the teapoured in.7. The straight black tea is then given to guests and they are allowed to add milk and sugar to their taste.8. The pot will normally hold enough tea so as not to be empty after filling the cups of all the guests. If this is the case, the tea cosy is replaced after everyone has been served.83.2.2 Afternoon TeaAfternoon tea is a light meal typically eaten between 3pm and 5pm. The custom of drinking tea originated in England when Catherine of Braganza married Charles IIin 1661 and brought the practice of drinking tea in the afternoon with her from Portugal.9Various places that belonged to the former British Empire also have such a meal. However, changes in social customs and working hours mean that most Britons will rarely take afternoon tea, if at all.Traditionally, loose tea is brewed in a teapot and served in teacups with milk and sugar. This is accompanied by sandwiches scones and usually cakes and pastries the food is often served on a tiered stand; there may be no sandwiches, but bread or scones with butter or margarine and optional jam or other spread.A formal afternoon tea is, nowadays, usually taken as a treat in a hotel, café or tea shop. In everyday life, many British take much simpler refreshment consisting of tea and biscuits at teatime. While living in Woburn Abbey, Anna Maria Russell, Duchess of Bedford, is credited as the first person to have transformed afternoon tea in England into a late-afternoon meal rather than simple refreshment.103.2.3 High TeaHigh tea is an early evening meal, typically eaten between 5pm and 6pm. It would substitute for both afternoon tea and the evening meal. It is now largely replaced by a later evening meal.High Tea would usually consist of cold meats, eggs or fish, cakes and sandwiches. In a family, it tends to be less formal and is an informal snack or else it is the main evening meal. On farms or other working class environments, high tea would be the traditional, substantial meal eaten by the workers immediately after nightfall, and would combine afternoon tea with the main even meal. See also The UK Tea Council Definition.11Chapter 4 Differences between British andChinese Tea CultureWith technological development and the progress of time, the pace integration of the world’s cultural arts is getting quic ker. However, due to cultural differences in the historical and environmental conditions, the dissemination and development of culture of tea drinking around the world are different. Such differences not only lie in the starting time of tea drinking, but also in the tea drinking culture and etiquette. Different regions in different countries have maintained different custom and habits of drinking tea.In a modern multicultural era, if we want to achieve cross-cultural communication, we must properly evaluate out own culture and hold a correct view of other country’s culture, namely, retain own cultural characteristics and at the same time continue to learn from others about their cultural strengths, and then improve our own cultural deficiencies. China is the first country discovering and using tea. The history of tea culture in China is long and profound. United Kingdom does not produce tea by itself, but it is the largest tea consumer in the world. It shaped a unique culture of the British black tea and created a comfortable elegant lifestyle of the European afternoon tea. The differences between the two tea cultures will be illustrated specifically in the following sections.4.1 Differences on the Starting Time of Drinking TeaChina is the original home of tea. The history of tea drinking in China is about thousands of years .In the early time, tea was used as medicine. Soon after, tea began to become one of the beverages. Drinking tea is a kind of traditional custom. In the Sui and Tang dynasties, tea has become a popular national drink. As the hometown of tea, China has made a great contribution to mankind, not only because China first discovered and used this plant, but China shows a brilliant and unique tea culture to the whole world, which is earlier than any other countries.In the 16th century, one record about China tea had appeared in the European writings. Chinese tea was formally introduced into the European market by Portugal and Netherlands through trades. Many western countries had joined the ranks of Chinese tea consumption, among which only Britain has formed its own tea culture system. The tea culture of England is rooted in its traditional cultural soil, and the formation is affected by domestic politics, economy and social life and so on. At the same time, the British learn from the experiences of Asian countries, then, the tea culture ultimately formed after 400 years of accumulation. It was, however, first introduced to Britain by Catherine of Braganza, queen consort of Charles II of England in the 1660s and 1670s.12After the kings and nobles are keen on tea drinking, tea became fashionable among the upper-class. At that time, most people started to drink tea. In the Mid-eighteenth century, afternoon tea as an upper-class manner was gradually implemented, and quickly spread to civilian society, which gave it class features.4.2 Different Tea Drinking CulturesIn China, there are two tea drinking categories: the first category is “mixed drink”, which is based on individual preference to add salt, sugar, milk or green onion, orange peel, mint, longan, red dates. Adding orange peel and mint stems from Tang Dynasty. It cooks with fresh leaves or dried leaves into a soup and usually seasoned with salt or uses fresh leaves or dried leaves and boils to a soup accompanied by ginger, pepper, orange peel, mint and others. And now this way, mainly concentrated in ethnic minority areas. Tibetan butter tea contains brick tea with salt, butter, milk, etc. The other is “clean drink”, that is the tea without any ingredients which may damage the flavor of tea, just tea with boiling water to drink, Tea culture is an outstanding representative of Chinese traditional culture, Chinese people in particular, pay attention to tea art, but also know how to taste tea. Now the domestic still followed the tradition of the Ming and Qing dynasties, is still mainly “clean drink.”Different from Chinese “clean drink”, the British often adds milk and sugar. Britain is the initial consumption of green tea, but now most people drink black tea because of its rich nutrients and pure taste. They add milk and sugar in order to get rid of theophylline.Tea becomes sweet in order to suit their taste. In addition, the British transform the tea; they invent tea bag instead of pieces of the tea leaves, known as instant tea. They put a tea bag in the cup and each cup only needs one day. They also use teapot with filter cup, when they put the hot water in the teapot, the tea is made. This is because of their fast pace of life. Just as they always eat fast food. But in China, people often put some tea in the cup or teapot with hot water and wait for a long time to drink; this period of time can release the full flavor of tea. It is quite different from the British tea drinking. England may have adapted the tea but certainly not the rest of the package. Sugar, lemon and scones are far from the fruits and nuts the Chinese could consider to eat along with the tea.4.3 Differences of Tea EtiquetteChinese people pay much attention to the tea ceremony, through the tea ceremony they can achieve self-cultivation, character cultivation and taste life. This is the highest level of drinking tea. “Harmon ious, whisht, joyful, true” is the “Four Noble spirits” of Chinese tea ceremony.13“Harmon ious” is the philosophical core of Chinese tea culture and the soul of the tea ceremony. “True” is the ultimate pursuit of Chinese tea ceremony. Chinese tea drinking is not only playing the role of rest and recreation, but rather as a spiritual inspiration and emotional sustenance, while the British ways is lacking of drinking tea in philosophical spirit.Different from Chinese tea ceremony the British tea is more lively and put more emphasis on social communication, emphasizing a kind of elegant style. Victorian Afternoon Tea is the core content of British black tea culture, as a composite art form, simple but not shabby, gorgeous but not vulgar. Under the warm sun in the afternoon, accompanied by melodious classical music, people relax the body and mind, when drinking tea. The British have a fixed time for drinking tea. In the morning, they drink “Early Morning Tea”after they get up. In the afternoon between 3pm and 5pm isafternoon tea, and so on. They also have Tea Party, tea in Garden and Picnic Tea. In the eyes of most Chinese people, tea drinking can be at any time and place. Tea is an indispensable lifestyle. The so-called tea culture is formalized in Teahouses. Typical British families drink tea at least five times a day. This showed different tea ceremonies and tea culture.The Chinese tea ceremony emphasizes the tea, rather than the ceremony, what the tea tastes like, smells like, and how one type of tea tastes compared to the previous tea, or in successive rounds of drinking. Ceremony doesn’t mean that each server will perform the ritual the same way; it is not related to religion. Each step is meant to be a sensory exploration and appreciation.Since in an English tea ceremony the English tea is the star, it is well-noted that most of the people attending in this prepared exceptional silver wares. As such, the English tea ceremony is much well-known for the presentation of the silver wares like the common English silver tea pots. It is believed that most of the English love the presentation of the silver ware in this because of the pleasure that it gives to them. In this the presence of silver wares is a hint for an elegant English tea ceremony. Furthermore, the English tea ceremony is considered to be unofficial since the tea is an unofficial national drink in England.14In Britain, there is also a proper manner in which to drink tea when using a cup and saucer. If one is seated at a table, the proper manner to drink tea is to raise the teacup only, placing it back into the saucer in between sips. When standing or sitting in a chair without a table, one holds the tea saucer with the left hand and the tea cup in the right hand. When not in use, the tea cup is placed back in the tea saucer and held in one’s lap or at waist height. In either event, the tea cup should never be held or waved in the air.4.4 Differences of Teahouse CultureDue to the importance of tea in Chinese society and culture, tea houses can be found in most Chinese neighborhoods and business districts. Chinese-style tea housesoffer dozens of varieties of hot and cold tea concoctions. They also serve a variety of tea-friendly and/or tea-related snacks. In the late afternoon, the typical Chinese tea house quickly becomes packed with students and business people, and later at night plays host to insomniacs and night owls simply looking for a place to relax. Formal tea houses also exist. They provide a range of Chinese and Japanese tea leaves, as well as tea making accoutrements and a better class of snack food. Finally there are the tea vendors, who specialize in the sale of tea leaves, pots, and other related paraphernalia.Teahouse in China was initially to accept the Quartet of visitors from public place, then in order to meet the psychological needs of nobility, who open “lounge”and set gathering place where professional entertainers perform storytelling and crosstalk. Developed to the south, there has been a variety of folk arts. Teahouses are not only providing a stage for artists, but also bring entertainment to customers. It is said that a considerable portion of China’s long historical novels that was born here and this is the birthplace of popular literature. Today, the decoration of the domestic teahouses has become the focus of designers. The decoration of this new kind of teahouses tends to be mixed as a whole. Although the decoration is a harmonious blend of traditional and modern features, and there are a large number of Chinese elements. All of these reflect the essence of Chinese tea culture.The teahouse was born in western bourgeois society in the 18th century. It was designed for artists, writers and other social upper class. Interior of teahouses in Britain are elegant and gorgeous. Most of people in the teahouse are nobleman from the upper class, so the whole environment of the teahouse is different from China. The form and development of Chinese teahouse has a long history. It provides public place for commonalty where people can chat and relax, The interior decoration is natural and simple, In a sense, the Chinese teahouses is a social embryonic form It is a mirror that can reflect the secular society, while the western teahouse is just as an ivory tower, which shows arrogant and virtuous style .The differences between Chinese and Western teahouse, to some extent, display the differences of tea culture.The teahouse has become a beautiful landscape of fashionable city. It is blend oftradition and civilization. It is also a kind of comparison and blending of eastern and Western civilization.4.5 Different Social InfluencesDrinking tea has a long and deep-rooted Chinese traditions and customs. Social development has shown that modernization is not the only objective. A modern society needs a corresponding spiritual civilization, and we need to explore the spiritual resources of fine traditional culture.The influence of Chinese tea is also significant.In China,tea culture focuses on coordination of the relationship between people.Tea culture improves the quality of people’s culture and life.Chinese tea culture promotes an open and international cultural exchange.Chinese tea culture not only has a great impact on China, but also has a profound impact on world tea culture.It has good effect on modern civilization of Britain about national nutrition, social morals, economy and politics. Tea becomes necessary of every family. Afternoon tea provides the social place for woman. It also changes the diet form of Britain. Tea becomes a part of meal .They drink tea in the morning, in the afternoon and in the evening. The bulky consumption of tea stimulates foreign trade and colonial expansion, especially, in order to change the predicament of loss of silver due to tea import constantly. It is one reason to cause the opium war. Britain export opium to China and earned a lot of money through opium trade. It supports the huge eastern colonial of Britain. It provides accumulation of capital for early industrial civilization.15So the social influences are extremely different.。

Differences between Chinese and British Tea CultureA Thesis Presented in Partial Fulfillmentof the Requirements forthe Degree of Bachelor of ArtsBy 本人名字Under the Supervision ofLecturer 导师名字########## CollegeofInner Mongolia中英茶文化差异摘要茶作为中国传统文化的重要组成部分，具有悠久的历史。

中国是茶的故乡，是最早发现和饮用茶的国家。

茶在十六世纪中叶传到欧洲，传入英国后，饮茶在英国颇为盛行，形成了独特的英国茶文化。

如今茶已遍布世界各地，所产生的茶文化也不尽相同，甚至在一些国家和地区成为社会风俗和民族文化的一部分。

本文对中英的茶文化进行了对比，最后总结出了中英茶文化存在的差异。

论文第一部分是对文章的总体介绍。

第二部分介绍了中国的茶的历史和文化以及中国的茶道。

通过阅读本文章，读者可以更进一步了解中国的传统文化。

文章第三部分对英国的茶文化和英式的茶道进行介绍。

第四章重点从四个方面论述中国茶文化和英国茶文化的差异，得出中国茶文化以及英国茶文化所体现的不同的精神内涵。

文化和礼仪是分不开的，不同的文化会通过不同的礼仪有所体现，了解不同国家的文化，吸取文化精华和优点，了解文化的差异，都将有利于更好地进行跨文化交际。

关键词：茶文化；茶道；文化差异；跨文化交际Differences between Chineseand British Tea CultureAbstractTea is one important part of Chinese traditional cultures，and it has a long history. China, the first country discovering and drinking tea, is the homeland of tea. Tea spread to Europe in the middle of the sixteenth century. Since tea was introduced to the United Kingdom, tea drinking has been quite prevalent among the British people, thus a unique British tea culture was developed. Nowadays tea spreads to all over the world. Diverse tea cultures come into being. In some countries and regions, it has already become part of the social custom and culture.In this paper, it first elaborates tea culture in China and Britain, and finally sums up differences of tea culture between the two countries. The first section is a brief introduction. Chapter two is about the history and culture of tea in China, and Chinese tea ceremony. From these introductions you can better understand Chinese traditional culture. The third part is about British tea culture and British-style tea ceremony. Chapter four focuses on differences between British and Chinese tea culture, which has been discussed from four aspects. In the end, their different connotations have been revealed.Culture and ritual are inseparable, and different cultures will be reflected by different manners. Understanding the culture of different countries, and learning their cultural essence and advantages are conducive to cross-cultural exchange.Key words: tea culture; tea ceremony; cultural differences; cross-cultural exchangeContentsChapter 1 Introduction (1)Chapter 2 Chinese Tea Culture and Etiquette (2)2.1 History of Tea in China (2)2.2 Tea Culture in China (2)2.3 China —The Original Tea Ceremony (3)Chapter3 British Tea Culture and Etiquette (5)3.1 Tea Culture in Britain (5)3.2 English Tea Ceremony (6)3.2.1 English Tea Ritual (6)3.2.2 Afternoon Tea (6)3.2.3 High Tea (7)Chapter 4 Differences of Tea Culture (8)4.1 Different Starting Time of Drinking Tea (8)4.2 Different Tea Drinking Cultures (9)4.3 Differences of Tea Etiquette (10)4.4 Differences of Teahouse Culture (11)4.5 Different Social Influences (13)Chapter 5 Conclusion (14)Notes (15)Bibliography (16)Acknowledgements (17)Chapter 1 IntroductionTea culture is defined by the way tea is made and consumed; by the way people interact with tea, and by the aesthetics surrounding tea drinking. Tea is a customary drink worldwide. In Asian countries, drinking tea is an ancient tradition accompanied by a highly developed tea-based culture which is tied to art and local customs. Among Russians and Eastern Mediterranean inhabitants, tea became a prevalent drink long after the flourishing tea culture developed in China, and yet many years before Europeans tasted it for the first time. The tea ceremonies are the crowning glory of the tea culture. They set it apart and glorify it and give a symbolic meaning to the importance of tea in society and local culture. Tea ceremonies which have been preserved from ancient times open a window to distant cultures and ancient customs which have assimilated into various traditions and accompanied them up until today. In many cultures, tea is often drunk at high class social events, and many cultures have created intricate formal ceremonies for these events. Western examples are afternoon tea and the tea party. In the east, tea ceremonies differ among countries, it may be consumed early in the day to heighten alertness; it contains theophylline and bound caffeine. There are tea ceremonies which have arisen in different cultures. Chinese tea ceremony uses some traditional ways of brewing tea. One form of Chinese tea ceremony is the Gongfu tea ceremony, which typically uses small Yixing clay teapots and oolong tea. Different regions also favor different varieties of tea, black, green, or oolong, and use different flavorings, such as milk, sugar or herbs. The temperature and strength of the tea likewise vary widely. Some tea cultures in China have e been flourishing for such a long time, it is crucial to first date back to the ancient times and review the origin and development of tea culture on this beautiful land.Chapter 2 Chinese Tea Culture and Etiquette2.1 History of Tea in ChinaAs we all know, China is the hometown of tea culture. The history of tea in China is long and complex. The Chinese have enjoyed tea for millennia. Scholars hailed the brew as a cure for a variety of ailments; the nobility considered the consumption of good tea as a mark of their status, and the common people simply enjoyed its flavor.Tea was first discovered by the Chinese Emperor Shennong in 2737 BC. It is said that the emperor liked his drinking water boiled before he drank it so it would be clean, so that is what his servants did. One day, on a trip to a distant region, he and his army stopped to rest. A servant began boiling water for him to drink, and a dead leaf from the wild tea bush fell into the water. It turned a brownish color, but it was unnoticed and presented to the emperor anyway. The emperor drank it and found it very refreshing, and tea was born. While historically the origin of tea as a medicinal herb useful for staying awake is unclear.1The Han Dynasty used tea as medicine. The use of tea as a beverage drunk for pleasure on social occasion’s dates from the Tang Dynasty or earlier. Chinese tea was primarily used as a medicine before the 8th century B.C. During the spring and Autumn Period, Chinese people chewed tea leaves and enjoyed the taste of the juice itself. In the next stage, Chinese tea was cooked like a soup. Tea leaves were eaten along with the soup. Tea leaves were even mixed with food. Ancient Chinese books documented that tea was eaten and used with other spices to cook.22.2 Tea Culture in ChinaJust as coffee became a part of daily life in the West, tea became a part of daily life in China. One can see teahouses scattered on the streets of China, much like cafeson the streets of the West. The Chinese have such a close relationship with tea that a new culture relating to tea began to rise in China. Tea Culture includes articles, poems, pictures about tea, the art of making and drinking tea, and some customs about tea. Tea plays an important role in Chinese social life. Tea is always offered to a guest immediately upon entering a Chinese home. Serving a cup of tea is more than a matter of mere politeness.It is a symbol of togetherness, a sharing of something enjoyable, and a way of showing respect to visitors. In some areas of China, it might be considered rude not to take at least a sip.Due to the importance of tea in Chinese society and culture, tea houses can be found in most Chinese neighborhoods and business districts. Chinese-style tea houses offer dozens of varieties of hot and cold tea concoctions. They also serve a variety of tea-friendly and tea-related snacks. Beginning in the late afternoon, the typical Chinese tea house quickly becomes packed with students and business people, and later at night plays host to insomniacs and night owls simply looking for a place to relax.The art of drinking and serving tea plays a major cultural role in China. It inspires poetry and songs.3Mutual love of tea cements lifelong friendship. For centuries, the ritual of preparing and serving tea has had a special place in the hearts and minds of Chinese aristocracy, court officials, intellectuals and poets.2.3 China — The Original Tea CeremonyA tea ceremony is a ritualized form of making tea. One can also refer to the whole set of rituals, tools, gestures, etc. used in such ceremonies as tea culture. All of these tea ceremonies and rituals contain “artificiality, abstractness, symbolism and formalism”to one degree or another.4At a very basic level, tea ceremonies are a formalized way of making a hot drink, in a process which has been refined to yield the best taste.The tea ceremony reflects the search for beauty in every object of the world. The ceremony must be conducted in a peaceful atmosphere and induce a sense of tranquility and harmony among the participants.We all know that it is very important to brew Chines e- style .After heating water to boiling; the teapot first is rinsed with hot water. Using chopsticks or a bamboo tea scoop, fill teapot approximately 1/3 full with tea leaves and then pour boiling water into the pot. Hold the teapot over a large bowl, letting the overflow run into the bowl. Give the tea leaves a rinse by filling the pot half full with hot water, then draining the water out immediately, leaving only the soaked tea leaves.Now fill the pot to the top with more hot water, cover and pour additional water over the teapot resting in the tea bowl. Do not allow bubbles to form in the pot. When mixed with the tea, bubbles form the foam that is not aesthetically pleasing. Be sure to not let the tea steep too long; the first infusion should be steeped for only 30 seconds. In less than a minute, pour the tea into the cups by moving the teapot around in a continual motion over the cups so that they are filled together. Each cup should taste exactly the same. After steeping, the tea can be poured into a second teapot or tea pitcher to be served at leisure. More water can be added to the teapot, and up to five infusions typically can be made from the same tea leaves. Be sure to add 10 more seconds for the second brewing and 15 additional seconds thereafter. Each pot of tea serves three to four rounds and up to five or six, depending on the tea and the server. The goal is that each round tastes the same as the first.5China attached great importance to the spirit of tea ceremony. The Chinese tea ceremony is the most ancient ceremony and plays a central role in Chinese culture. The tea is the heart of the ceremony: the host and ceremony participants smell the tea, taste it and enjoy the many layers of taste discovered with every mouthful.Chapter 3 British Tea Culture and Etiquette3.1 Tea Culture in BritainBritain is the second largest tea consumer per capita in the world, with each person consuming on average 2.1 kg per year. The popularity of tea dates back to the 19th century when India was part of the British Empire, and British interests controlled tea production in the subcontinent. It was, however, first introduced in Britain by Catherine of Braganza, queen consort of Charles II of England in the 1660s and 1670s. As tea spread throughout the United Kingdom people started to have tea gardens and tea dances. These would include watching fireworks or a dinner party and dance, concluding with a nice evening tea.6Black tea is usually served with milk (never cream) and sometimes with sugar. Strong tea served with lots of milk and often two teaspoons of sugar, usually in a mug, is commonly referred to as builder’s tea. Much of the time in the United Kingdom, tea drinking is not the delicate, refined cultural expression that the rest of the world imagines—a cup of tea is something drunk often, with some people drinking as much as six cups of tea a day. This is not to say that the British do not have a more formal tea ceremony, but for the working class of the United Kingdom, tea breaks are an essential part of any day. Employers generally allow breaks for tea and sometimes biscuits to be served.There used to be a tradition of tea rooms in the UK which provided the traditional fare of cream and jam on scones, a combination commonly known as cream tea. However, these establishments have declined in popularity since World War II. In Devon and Cornwall particularly, cream teas are a specialty. Tea shops and Lyons Corner Houses were a successful chain of such establishments. It is a common misconception that cream tea refers to tea served with cream. This is certainly not the case. It simply means that tea is served with a scone with clotted cream and jam.73.2 English Tea CeremonyAs we all know, the concept of English tea ceremony was first introduced by the Japanese culture as part of their tradition. From the introduction of the tea ceremony in Japan, the popularity of tea continued to travel until it reached England. So for that, it is not amazing that many of the English especially those who are really tea drinkers still practice the Japanese tea ceremony. This is also associated with the English tea party or the English tea time. As such, this is involved some gatherings and since it is an “English tea ceremony” the tea is at the center stage.3.2.1 English Tea RitualEven very slightly formal events can be a cause for cups and saucers to be used instead of mugs. A typical semi-formal British tea ritual might run as follows.1. The kettle is boiled and water poured into a tea pot.2. Water is swirled around the pot to warm it and then poured out.3. Loose tea leaves—nowadays often tea bags or the dust from a ripped-open tea bag—is then added to the pot.4. Water is added to the pot and allowed to brew for several minutes while a tea cosyis placed on the pot to keep the tea warm.5. Milk may be added to the tea cup, the host asking the guest if milk is wanted,although milk may alternatively be added after the tea is poured.6. A tea strainer, like a miniature sieve, is placed over the top of the cup and the teapoured in.7. The straight black tea is then given to guests and they are allowed to add milk and sugar to their taste.8. The pot will normally hold enough tea so as not to be empty after filling the cups of all the guests. If this is the case, the tea cosy is replaced after everyone has been served.83.2.2 Afternoon TeaAfternoon tea is a light meal typically eaten between 3pm and 5pm. The custom of drinking tea originated in England when Catherine of Braganza married Charles IIin 1661 and brought the practice of drinking tea in the afternoon with her from Portugal.9Various places that belonged to the former British Empire also have such a meal. However, changes in social customs and working hours mean that most Britons will rarely take afternoon tea, if at all.Traditionally, loose tea is brewed in a teapot and served in teacups with milk and sugar. This is accompanied by sandwiches scones and usually cakes and pastries the food is often served on a tiered stand; there may be no sandwiches, but bread or scones with butter or margarine and optional jam or other spread.A formal afternoon tea is, nowadays, usually taken as a treat in a hotel, café or tea shop. In everyday life, many British take much simpler refreshment consisting of tea and biscuits at teatime. While living in Woburn Abbey, Anna Maria Russell, Duchess of Bedford, is credited as the first person to have transformed afternoon tea in England into a late-afternoon meal rather than simple refreshment.103.2.3 High TeaHigh tea is an early evening meal, typically eaten between 5pm and 6pm. It would substitute for both afternoon tea and the evening meal. It is now largely replaced by a later evening meal.High Tea would usually consist of cold meats, eggs or fish, cakes and sandwiches. In a family, it tends to be less formal and is an informal snack or else it is the main evening meal. On farms or other working class environments, high tea would be the traditional, substantial meal eaten by the workers immediately after nightfall, and would combine afternoon tea with the main even meal. See also The UK Tea Council Definition.11Chapter 4 Differences between British andChinese Tea CultureWith technological development and the progress of time, the pace integration of the world’s cultural arts is getting quicker. How ever, due to cultural differences in the historical and environmental conditions, the dissemination and development of culture of tea drinking around the world are different. Such differences not only lie in the starting time of tea drinking, but also in the tea drinking culture and etiquette. Different regions in different countries have maintained different custom and habits of drinking tea.In a modern multicultural era, if we want to achieve cross-cultural communication, we must properly evaluate out own culture and hold a correct view of other country’s culture, namely, retain own cultural characteristics and at the same time continue to learn from others about their cultural strengths, and then improve our own cultural deficiencies. China is the first country discovering and using tea. The history of tea culture in China is long and profound. United Kingdom does not produce tea by itself, but it is the largest tea consumer in the world. It shaped a unique culture of the British black tea and created a comfortable elegant lifestyle of the European afternoon tea. The differences between the two tea cultures will be illustrated specifically in the following sections.4.1 Differences on the Starting Time of Drinking TeaChina is the original home of tea. The history of tea drinking in China is about thousands of years .In the early time, tea was used as medicine. Soon after, tea began to become one of the beverages. Drinking tea is a kind of traditional custom. In the Sui and Tang dynasties, tea has become a popular national drink. As the hometown of tea, China has made a great contribution to mankind, not only because China first discovered and used this plant, but China shows a brilliant and unique tea culture to the whole world, which is earlier than any other countries.In the 16th century, one record about China tea had appeared in the European writings. Chinese tea was formally introduced into the European market by Portugal and Netherlands through trades. Many western countries had joined the ranks of Chinese tea consumption, among which only Britain has formed its own tea culture system. The tea culture of England is rooted in its traditional cultural soil, and the formation is affected by domestic politics, economy and social life and so on. At the same time, the British learn from the experiences of Asian countries, then, the tea culture ultimately formed after 400 years of accumulation. It was, however, first introduced to Britain by Catherine of Braganza, queen consort of Charles II of England in the 1660s and 1670s.12After the kings and nobles are keen on tea drinking, tea became fashionable among the upper-class. At that time, most people started to drink tea. In the Mid-eighteenth century, afternoon tea as an upper-class manner was gradually implemented, and quickly spread to civilian society, which gave it class features.4.2 Different Tea Drinking CulturesIn China, there are two tea drinking categories: the first category is “mixed drink”, which is based on individual preference to add salt, sugar, milk or green onion, orange peel, mint, longan, red dates. Adding orange peel and mint stems from Tang Dynasty. It cooks with fresh leaves or dried leaves into a soup and usually seasoned with salt or uses fresh leaves or dried leaves and boils to a soup accompanied by ginger, pepper, orange peel, mint and others. And now this way, mainly concentrated in ethnic minority areas. Tibetan butter tea contains brick tea with salt, butter, milk, etc. The other is “clean drink”, that is the tea without any ingr edients which may damage the flavor of tea, just tea with boiling water to drink, Tea culture is an outstanding representative of Chinese traditional culture, Chinese people in particular, pay attention to tea art, but also know how to taste tea. Now the domestic still followed the tradition of the Ming and Qing dynasties, is still mainly “clean drink.”Different from Chinese “clean drink”, the British often adds milk and sugar. Britain is the initial consumption of green tea, but now most people drink black tea because of its rich nutrients and pure taste. They add milk and sugar in order to get rid of theophylline.Tea becomes sweet in order to suit their taste. In addition, the British transform the tea; they invent tea bag instead of pieces of the tea leaves, known as instant tea. They put a tea bag in the cup and each cup only needs one day. They also use teapot with filter cup, when they put the hot water in the teapot, the tea is made. This is because of their fast pace of life. Just as they always eat fast food. But in China, people often put some tea in the cup or teapot with hot water and wait for a long time to drink; this period of time can release the full flavor of tea. It is quite different from the British tea drinking. England may have adapted the tea but certainly not the rest of the package. Sugar, lemon and scones are far from the fruits and nuts the Chinese could consider to eat along with the tea.4.3 Differences of Tea EtiquetteChinese people pay much attention to the tea ceremony, through the tea ceremony they can achieve self-cultivation, character cultivation and taste life. This is the highest level of drinking tea. “Harmon ious, whisht, joyful, true” is the “Four Noble spirits” of Chinese tea ceremony.13“Harmon ious” is the philosophical core of Chinese tea culture and the soul of the tea ceremony. “True” is the ultimate pursuit of Chinese tea ceremony. Chinese tea drinking is not only playing the role of rest and recreation, but rather as a spiritual inspiration and emotional sustenance, while the British ways is lacking of drinking tea in philosophical spirit.Different from Chinese tea ceremony the British tea is more lively and put more emphasis on social communication, emphasizing a kind of elegant style. Victorian Afternoon Tea is the core content of British black tea culture, as a composite art form, simple but not shabby, gorgeous but not vulgar. Under the warm sun in the afternoon, accompanied by melodious classical music, people relax the body and mind, when drinking tea. The British have a fixed time for drinking tea. In the morning, they drink “Early Morning Tea”after they get up. In the afternoon between 3pm and 5pm isafternoon tea, and so on. They also have Tea Party, tea in Garden and Picnic Tea. In the eyes of most Chinese people, tea drinking can be at any time and place. Tea is an indispensable lifestyle. The so-called tea culture is formalized in Teahouses. Typical British families drink tea at least five times a day. This showed different tea ceremonies and tea culture.The Chinese tea ceremony emphasizes the tea, rather than the ceremony, what the tea tastes like, smells like, and how one type of tea tastes compared to the previous tea, or in successive rounds of drinking. Ceremony doesn’t mean that each server will perform the ritual the same way; it is not related to religion. Each step is meant to be a sensory exploration and appreciation.Since in an English tea ceremony the English tea is the star, it is well-noted that most of the people attending in this prepared exceptional silver wares. As such, the English tea ceremony is much well-known for the presentation of the silver wares like the common English silver tea pots. It is believed that most of the English love the presentation of the silver ware in this because of the pleasure that it gives to them. In this the presence of silver wares is a hint for an elegant English tea ceremony. Furthermore, the English tea ceremony is considered to be unofficial since the tea is an unofficial national drink in England.14In Britain, there is also a proper manner in which to drink tea when using a cup and saucer. If one is seated at a table, the proper manner to drink tea is to raise the teacup only, placing it back into the saucer in between sips. When standing or sitting in a chair without a table, one holds the tea saucer with the left hand and the tea cup in the right hand. When not in use, the tea cup is placed back in the tea saucer and held in one’s lap or at waist height. In either event, the tea cup should never be held or waved in the air.4.4 Differences of Teahouse CultureDue to the importance of tea in Chinese society and culture, tea houses can be found in most Chinese neighborhoods and business districts. Chinese-style tea housesoffer dozens of varieties of hot and cold tea concoctions. They also serve a variety of tea-friendly and/or tea-related snacks. In the late afternoon, the typical Chinese tea house quickly becomes packed with students and business people, and later at night plays host to insomniacs and night owls simply looking for a place to relax. Formal tea houses also exist. They provide a range of Chinese and Japanese tea leaves, as well as tea making accoutrements and a better class of snack food. Finally there are the tea vendors, who specialize in the sale of tea leaves, pots, and other related paraphernalia.Teahouse in China was initially to accept the Quartet of visitors from public place, then in order to meet the psychological needs of nobility, who open “lounge”and set gathering place where professional entertainers perform storytelling and crosstalk. Developed to the south, there has been a variety of folk arts. Teahouses are not only providing a stage for artists, but also bring entertainment to customers. It is said that a considerable portion of China’s long historical novels that was born here and this is the birthplace of popular literature. Today, the decoration of the domestic teahouses has become the focus of designers. The decoration of this new kind of teahouses tends to be mixed as a whole. Although the decoration is a harmonious blend of traditional and modern features, and there are a large number of Chinese elements. All of these reflect the essence of Chinese tea culture.The teahouse was born in western bourgeois society in the 18th century. It was designed for artists, writers and other social upper class. Interior of teahouses in Britain are elegant and gorgeous. Most of people in the teahouse are nobleman from the upper class, so the whole environment of the teahouse is different from China. The form and development of Chinese teahouse has a long history. It provides public place for commonalty where people can chat and relax, The interior decoration is natural and simple, In a sense, the Chinese teahouses is a social embryonic form It is a mirror that can reflect the secular society, while the western teahouse is just as an ivory tower, which shows arrogant and virtuous style .The differences between Chinese and Western teahouse, to some extent, display the differences of tea culture.The teahouse has become a beautiful landscape of fashionable city. It is blend oftradition and civilization. It is also a kind of comparison and blending of eastern and Western civilization.4.5 Different Social InfluencesDrinking tea has a long and deep-rooted Chinese traditions and customs. Social development has shown that modernization is not the only objective. A modern society needs a corresponding spiritual civilization, and we need to explore the spiritual resources of fine traditional culture.The influence of Chinese tea is also significant.In China,tea culture focuses on coordination of the relationship between people.Tea culture improves the quality of people’s culture and life.Chinese tea culture promotes an open and international cultural exchange.Chinese tea culture not only has a great impact on China, but also has a profound impact on world tea culture.It has good effect on modern civilization of Britain about national nutrition, social morals, economy and politics. Tea becomes necessary of every family. Afternoon tea provides the social place for woman. It also changes the diet form of Britain. Tea becomes a part of meal .They drink tea in the morning, in the afternoon and in the evening. The bulky consumption of tea stimulates foreign trade and colonial expansion, especially, in order to change the predicament of loss of silver due to tea import constantly. It is one reason to cause the opium war. Britain export opium to China and earned a lot of money through opium trade. It supports the huge eastern colonial of Britain. It provides accumulation of capital for early industrial civilization.15So the social influences are extremely different.。

2023年中英茶文化差异促进英语教育交流随着中英交流的不断深化，文化差异的问题逐渐变得尤为突出。

在文化交流中，茶文化作为中国传统文化的重要组成部分，一直引起英国人的浓厚兴趣。

而在英国，茶文化也有着深厚的底蕴和特殊的价值。

因此，中英茶文化差异的探讨不仅有利于增进两国文化的理解和认知，同时也能促进英语教育领域的交流与发展。

首先，中英茶道的不同之处。

中国茶文化里，茶道是一门古老而精深的艺术形式，强调礼仪、文化、美学等等。

在茶道的传承过程中，茶道教师不仅传授技巧，更着重于培养学生修身齐家、成为君子的品质，注重自然美俗与精神美俗的统一。

茶道注重每一个步骤的味道、色彩、形状和流程，被誉为东方的艺术之花。

而英国人的“茶文化”则注重的更多是午后茶点的享受和对英国公爵的传统支持。

茶会被视为礼仪、交际和休闲的一种方式，英式下午茶更是这一方面的体现。

自19世纪以来，下午茶已经成为英国文化的一部分。

对于英国人来说，下午茶是一种习惯，一种传统，一种享受。

其次，中英茶文化的交流与发展。

中英茶文化的交流，不仅是两个国家之间的文化交流，更是人与人之间的交流。

在庆祝英国皇家婚礼时，朴树就为哈里王子和梅根王妃演唱了《茶馆》中的《走进新时代》，这首歌在中国茶文化中传达出各种感性丰富的情感，引起了广泛共鸣。

在英国茶文化中，也有着类似的交流。

作为一枚英国教育咨询师，何东哲在观察中国学生学习英语的过程中，发现中国人对于英国传统下午茶并不太了解，于是他便特意为学生介绍了英国下午茶文化，向他们展示了茶叶的选取、冲泡和品尝等等。

从这些交流中，不仅可以学习到不同文化的精髓，同时也有利于促进中英教育交流，为两国民众之间的相互了解和促进做出了巨大贡献。

最后，中英茶文化差异应如何提高英语教育的质量与水平？教学内容一定要讲究生动性和实用性，关切学生的体验和喜好，真正发挥教育和启发的作用。

在教学方法上也要多样性，训练学生的团队协作和表达能力。

通过茶文化这一主题，给学生多次机会去讨论，去比较，加深他们对英语语言的理解，提高英语口语表达的能力。