英语专业美国文学课程教学大纲
（从2011级起实施）
一、课程代码：04181130
二、课程性质: 专业必修
三、教学时数：16学时
四、学分：1.0
五、先修课程：综合英语
六、教学目的与要求
美国文学课程的目的是为了培养学生阅读、欣赏、理解英语文学原著的能力，掌握文学批评的基本知识和方法。学生通过阅读和作品分析，提高语言基本功和人文素质修养，培养对西方文化的鉴赏和批判能力。
美国文学课程对学生的具体要求是了解:（1）美国文学产生、发展、成熟的历史背景；（2）了解早期美国文学所反映的开拓精神；（3）了解哥特式小说的艺术特征和社会意义；（4）了解美国超验主义及其代表作所体现的独立、自由思想；（5）了解清教对美国文学的影响；（6）欣赏19世纪美国诗歌；（7）学会理解、欣赏马克吐温的幽默及其作品的社会意义；（8）了解并欣赏美国乡土作家的风格；（9）欣赏并学会批评爵士岁月时期的作品，了解现当代作家的创作风格及其意义。
七、使用教材
[1]陶洁.美国文学选读[M].高等教育出版社，2003.
八、参考书目
[1] MEDNICK F.An Introduction to American Literature from Newcomers
to Naturalists[M]. 河南大学出版社, 2006.
[2] 常耀信.美国文学史[M]. 南开大学出版社，2003.
九、授课内容
美国文学课程的学习内容主要是美国文学史上的主要作家及其作品，包括小说、诗歌、散文和戏剧。早期的作品从美国启蒙主义和独立战争时期起，到浪漫主义时期爱伦坡的哥特式小说；从超验主义代表人物的代表作到霍桑的《红字》；有迪金森和惠特曼的诗歌。现实主义时期有马克吐温的成名幽默作品、介绍乡土作家朱厄特的散文等。此外，介绍意识流创作手法，时空交错的叙述倒叙和回忆的现代风格。当代作品有“迷惘的一代”的代表人物费兹杰拉德和海明威的作品，让学生了解存在主义的观点和海明威独特的文学风格及其“冰山理论”。文学体裁各异，有散文、小说、诗歌、戏剧等。
十、考核方式
开卷与闭卷考试相结合。
十一、成绩分布
期末总评成绩包括三个部分：课堂表现和课程论文等平时考核占30%，课程期中考试占30%，课程期末考核占40%；只有课程期末考核卷面成绩合格者可以进入总分期评。
大纲起草人：陈可培
2012年6月23日
《英国文学史及选读》第一册复习要点 1. Beowulf: national epic of the English people; Denmark story; alliteration, metaphors and understatements (此处可能会有填空,选择等小题 2. Romance (名词解释 3. “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”: a famous roman about King Arthur’ s story 4. Ballad(名词解释 5. Character of Robin Hood 6. Geoffrey Chaucer: founder of English poetry; The Canterbury Tales (main contents; 124 stories planned, only 24 finished; written in Middle English; significance; form: heroic couplet 7. Heroic couplet (名词解释 8. Renaissance(名词解释 9.Thomas More—— Utopia 10. Sonnet(名词解释 11. Blank verse(名词解释12. Edmund Spenser “The Faerie Queene” 13. Francis Bacon “essays” esp. “Of Studies” (推荐阅读,学习写正式语体的英文文章的好参照,本文用词正式优雅,多排比句和长句,语言造诣非常高,里面很多话都可以引用做格言警句,非常值得一读 14. William Shakespeare四大悲剧比较重要,此外就是罗密欧与朱立叶了,这些剧的主题,背景,情节,人物形象都要熟悉,当然他最重要的是 Hamlet 这是肯定的。他的sonnet 也很重要,最重要属 sonnet18。 (其戏剧中著名对白和几首有名的十四行诗可能会出选读 15. John Milton 三大史诗非常重要,特别是 Paradise Lost 和 Samson Agonistes。对于 Paradise Lost 需要知道它是 blank verse写成的,故事情节来自 Old Testament,另外要知道此书 theme 和 Satan 的形象。
I. Explain the following literary terms(名词解释). 1. Romanticism The most profound and comprehensive idea of romanticism is the vision of a greater personal freedom for the individual. Appeals to imagination; Stress on emotion rather than reason; optimism, gen iality. Subjectivity: in form and meaning. 2 American transcendentalism American transcendentalism was an important movement in philosophy and literature that flourished during the early to middle years of the nineteenth century (about 1836-1860). For the transcendentalists, the soul of each individual is identical with the soul of the world and contains what the world contains. 3 Realism: ―nothing more and nothing less than the truthful treatment of material.‖ the Civil war a. verisimilitude of details derived from observation b. representative in plot, setting and character c. an objective rather than an idealized view of human experience or（American Realism: In American literature, the Civil War brought the Romantic Period to an end. The Age of Realism came into existence. It came as a reaction against the lie of romanticism and sentimentalism. Realism turned from an emphasis on the strange toward a faithful rendering of the ordinary, a slice of life as it is really lived. It expresses the concern for commonplace and the low, and it offers an objective rather than an idealistic view of human nature and human experience.） 4. Modernism like modernism in general is a trend of thought that affirms the power of human beings to create, improve, and reshape their environment, with the aid of scientific knowledge, technology and practical experimentation, and is thus in its essence both progressive and optimistic. The general term covers many political, cultural and artistic movements rooted in the changes in Western society at the end of the nineteenth and beginning of the twentieth century. American modernism is an artistic and cultural movement in the United States starting at the turn of the 20th century with its core period between World War I and World War II and continuing into the 21st century. 5、American Puritanism: Puritanism is the practices and beliefs of the Puritans. The Puritans were originally members of a division of the Protestant Church. The first settlers who became the founding fathers of the American nation were quite a few of them. They were a group of serious, religious people, advocating highly religious and moral principles. As the word itself hints, Puritans wanted to purity their religious beliefs and practices. They accepted the doctrine of predestination, original sin and total depravity, and limited atonement through a special infusion of grace form God. As a culture heritage, Puritanism did have a profound influence on the early American mind. American Puritanism also had a enduring influence on American literature. 6、Transcendentalism: In New England, an intellectual movement known as transcendentalism developed as an American version of Romanticism. The movement began among an influential set of authors based in Concord, Massachusetts and was led by Ralph Waldo Emerson. Like Romanticism, transcendentalism rejected both 18th century rationalism and established religion, which for the transcendentalists meant the Puritan tradition in particular. The transcendentalists celebrated the power of the human imagination to commune with the universe and transcend the limitations of the material world. They found their chief source of inspiration in nature. Emerson’s essay Nature was the major document of the transcendental school and stated the ideas that were to remain central to it. 7、Free verse: free verse is the rhymed or unrhymed poetry composed without attention to conventio nal rules of meter. Free verse was first written and labeled by a group of French poets of the late 19th century. Their purpose was to deliver poetry from the restrictions of formal metrical patterns and to recreate the free rhythms of natural speech. Walt Whitman was the precursor who wrote lines of varying length and cadence, usually not rhymed. The emotional content or meaning of the work was expressed through its rhythm. Free verse has been characteristic of the work of many modern American poets, including Ezra Pound and Carl Sandburg. 8、Naturalism: A more deliberate kind of realism in novels, stories and plays, usually involving a view of human beings as passive victims of natural forces and social environment. Naturalism was a new and harsher realism. It
《英美经典短篇小说赏析》课程教学大纲 A Guide to Classic British and American Short Stories 学分：2 总学时：32 课程性质：选修课 考核方式：考查适用专业：各类专业 一、课程性质、目的与任务 1. 课程性质：本课程是高等学校非英语专业的一门选修课，是为培养学生了解英国和美国文学短篇小说知识而设置的一门选修课程。 2. 教学目的：本课程旨在帮助学生全面了解英国和美国在不同历史时期所出现的重要作家与作品、风土人情与习俗、历史与文化等，通过经典短篇小说的分析，让学生能欣赏原作的风格、语言等，从而更好地把握英语，更全面地了解英国和美国的政治、经济与传统，扩大知识面，提高文学修养。 3. 教学任务：通过对英国文学和美国文学发展的主要阶段中的著名作家的短篇作品的分析，使学生掌握基本的短篇小说构成要素、在英美文学史上著名的短篇小说家以及分析小说的基本方法。本门课虽然是一门选修课程，但是，它对学生进一步学习和掌握英美文学有着重要的辅助作用。因此，要求学生在培养自己学习兴趣同时，增加短篇小说理论知识，更重要的是，加强学生对短篇小说理解及分析能力。 二、教学基本要求 1. 重点掌握：所选短篇小说涉及到的著名作家的写作特色，短篇小说的重要因素包括主题，内容，写作技巧，象征意义等。 2. 一般了解：作者的生平，所选短篇小说涉及的与英国和美国文化相关的背景知识。 三、课程内容与学时分配 第一讲英美短篇小说简介（4学时） 1. 重点：短篇小说的概念、短篇小说的基本要素、Rip Van Winkle和The Minister's Black Veil的基本要素及主旨内涵。 2. 难点：短篇小说的基本要素、Rip Van Winkle和The Minister's Black Veil主旨内涵。 3. 主要内容 3.1、短篇小说的概念
英国文学史 Part one: Early and Medieval English Literature Chapter 1 The Making of England 1. The early inhabitants in the island now we call England were Britons, a tribe of Gelts. 2. In 55 B.C., Britain was invaded by Julius Caesar. The Roman occupation lasted for about 400 years. It was also during the Roman role that Christianity was introduced to Britain. And in 410 A.D., all the Roman troops went back to the continent and never returned. 3. The English Conquest At the same time Britain was invaded by swarms of pirates（海盗）. They were three tribes from Northern Europe: the Angles, Saxons and Jutes. And by the 7th century these small kingdoms were combined into a United Kingdom called England, or, the land of Angles. And the three dialects spoken by them naturally grew into a single language called Anglo -Saxon, or Old English. 4. The Social Condition of the Anglo -Saxon Therefore, the Anglo -Saxon period witnessed a transition from tribal society to feudalism. 5. Anglo -Saxon Religious Belief and Its Influence The Anglo -Saxons were Christianized in the seventh century. Chapter 2 Beowulf 1. Anglo -Saxon Poetry But there is one long poem of over 3,000 lines. It is Beowulf, the national epic of the English people. Grendel is a monster described in Beowulf. 3. Analysis of Its Content Beowulf is a folk lengend brought to England by Anglo -Saxons from their continental homes. It had been passed from mouth to mouth for hundreds of years before it was written down in the tenth century. 4. Features of Beowulf The most striking feature in its poetical form is the use of alliteration, metaphors and understatements. Chapter 3 Feudal England 1）T he Norman Conquest 2. The Norman Conquest The French -speaking Normans under Duke William came in 1066. After defeating the English at Hastings, William was crowned as King of England. The Norman Conquest marks the establishment of feudalism in England.
1、the Lost Generation In general, the post-World War I generation, but specifically a group of U.S. writers who came of age during the war and established their literary reputations in the 1920s. The term stems from a remark made by Gertrude Stein to Ernest Hemingway, “You are all a lost generation.” Hemingway used it as an epigraph to The Sun Also Rises (1926). The generation was “lost” in the sense that its inherited values were no longer relevant in the postwar world and because of its spiritual alienation from a U.S. that, b asking under President Harding's “back to normalcy” policy, seemed to its members to be hopelessly provincial, materialistic, and emotionally barren. The term embraces Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, John Dos Passos, e.e. cummings and many other writers who made Paris the centre of their literary activities in the '20s. They were never a literary school. In the 1930s, as these writers turned in different directions, their works lost the distinctive stamp of the postwar period. The last representative works of the era were Fitzgerald's Tender Lost generation The lost generation is a term first used by Stein to describe the post-war I generation of American writers: men and women haunted by a sense of betrayal and emptiness brought about by the destructiveness of the war.2>full of youthful idealism, these individuals sought the meaning of life, drank excessively, had love affairs and created some of the finest American literature to date.3>the three best-known representatives of lost generation are F.Scott Fitzgerald, Hemingway and John dos Passos. Lost generation The Lost Generation is a group of expatriate American writers residing primarily in Paris during the 1920s and 1930s. The group was given its name by the American writer Gertrude Stein, who used “a lost generation” to refer to expatriate Americans bitter about their World War I experiences and disillusioned with American society. Hemingway later used the phrase as an epigraph for his novel The Sun Also Rises. It consisted of many influential American writers, including Ernest Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, William Carlos Williams and Archibald MacLeish. 2、Iceberg Theory It is a term used to describe the writing style of American writer Ernest Hemingway. The meaning of a piece is not immediately evident, because the crux of the story lies below the surface, just as most of the mass of a real iceberg similarly lies beneath the surface. Iceberg Theory Ernest Hemingway’s “iceberg theory” sugge sts that the writer include in the text only a small portion of what he knows, leaving about ninety percent of the content a mystery that grows beneath the surface of the writing. If a writer of prose knows enough about what he is writing about he may omit things that will have a feeling of those things as strongly as though the writer had stated them. The dignity of
Captain John Smith (first American writer). Anne Bradstreet；The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America （colonists living） Edward Taylor(the best puritan poet) John Cotton ”the Patriarch of New England” teacher spiritual leader Benjamin Franklin The Autobiography Poor Richard’s Almanack Thomas Jefferson： Political Career Thoughts The Declaration of Independence we hold truth to be self-evidence Philip Freneau“Father of American Poetry” The Wild Honey Suckle American Romanticism optimism and hope Nationalism Washington Irving“Father of American Literature short story”The first “Pure Writer” A History of New York The Sketch Book marked the beginning of American Romanticism! “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”Rip Van Winkle James Fenimore Cooper Father of American sea and frontier novels Leather stocking Tales The Last of the Mohicans The Pioneers The Prairie The Pathfinder The Deerslayer Edgar Allan Poe father of detective story and horror fiction Tales of the Grotesque and the Arabesque “MS. Found in a Bottle” “The Murders in the Rue Morgue” “The Fall of the House of Usher”“The Masque of the Red Death”“The
英美文学史及选读(一)课程教学大纲
《英美文学史及选读（一）》课程教学大纲 （适用于外语系英语专业本科） （英国文学部分） 课程编码：120413030 学时：64学分：3 开课学期：第五学期 课程类别：专业方向课 先修课程：英语国家社会与文化 教学手段：多媒体课件、课堂讲授、讨论 考核方式：笔试（闭卷） 成绩构成：总成绩== 平时成绩*30%+期末考试成绩*70% 一、课程的性质、目的与任务: 本课程是英语专业本科高年级学生的专业必修课。本课程的目的在于使学生对英国文学形成发展全貌及其主要内涵有一个大致了解：通过阅读具有代表性的重点作品，理解作品的内容，学会分析作品的艺术特色，掌握正确评价文学作品的标准和方法，提高文学欣赏水平及其文学批评能力；通过了解英国文学创作的社会背景和文学思潮及其他们之间的相互关系来把握文学作品的文化内涵，提高对英国文化的认知能力；与语言教学相结合，增强学生语言表达能力。 二、课程的基本内容： Part One Medieval English Literature 教学内容：The Anglo-Saxon Literature The Anglo-Norman Literature Age of Chaucer Literature in the 15th century 重点：The Anglo-Saxon Literature; The Anglo-Norman Literature; Age of Chaucer
难点：romance, ballad, epic, Chaucer Part Two The English Renaissance 教学内容: Background information English Renaissance Literature in Renaissance period 重点：English Renaissance; Spenser; Shakespeare 难点：drama; heroic couplet; sonnet Part Three The Period of the English Bourgeois Revolution 教学内容: The English Revolution and the Restoration Milton, Bunyan Metaphysical poets and Cavalier Poets Restoration Literature 重点：Milton; Bunyan; Metaphysical poets and Cavalier Poets; Restoration Literature 难点：Conceit; Carpe Diem; Miltonic style Part Four The Eighteenth Century 教学内容: The Enlightenment and Classicism in English Literature Pope Novel writing in the 18th century 18th Century and Sheridan Sentimentalism and Pre-Romanticism in Poetry 重点：Classicism; Pope; Novel writing in the 18th century; 18th Century and Sheridan; Sentimentalism and Pre-Romanticism in Poetry 难点：Classicism; Realism; Conceit; Sentimentalism; Pre-Romanticism
英国文学史 I. Old English Literature & The Late Medieval Ages
1.American Puritanism清教 2.It comes from the American puritans, who were the first immigrants moved to American continent in the 17th century. Original sin, predestination（预言）and salvation（拯救）were the basic ideas of American Puritanism. And, hard-working, piousness（虔诚,尽职），thrift and sobriety（清醒）were praised. Characteristics: 特点 1. Idealistic: Puritans pursue the purity and simplicity in worship. They focuse the glory of God, and the angry believe in the doctrine of destiny, original sin, limited atonement 2. Practical: Puritans come to Amrican to do business and make profits with the desire of chasing wealth and status. They have to struggle for survival under the severity of the western frontier. 3 .The struggle between the spiritual and the material is the basics of the Puritan mind. On the one hand, Puritans chase the purity of the early the other hand, they come to America to earn money. This contradictory will be reflected by their thoughts. 4. In a word, it rests on purity, ambition, harding work, and an intense struggling for success. Romanticism浪漫主义: the literature term was first applied to the writers of the 18th century in Europe who broke away from the formal rules of classical writing. When it was used in American literature it referred to the writers of the middle of the 19th century who stimulated（刺激）the sentimental emotions of their readers. They wrote of the mysterious of life, love, birth and death. The Romantic writers expressed themselves freely and without restraint. They wrote all kinds of materials, poetry, essays, plays, fictions, history, works of travel, and biography. Transcendentalism先验说,超越论: is a philosophic and literary movement that flourished in New England, particular at Concord, as a reaction against Rationalism and Calvinism (理性主义and喀尔文主义). Mainly it stressed intuitive understanding of God, without the help of the church, and advocated independence of the mind. The representative writers are Emerson and Thoreau. American Realism现实主义: In American literature, the Civil War brought the Romantic Period to an end. The Age of Realism came into existence. It came as a reaction against the lie of romanticism and sentimentalism. Realism turned from an emphasis on the strange toward a faithful rendering of the ordinary, a slice of life as it is really lived. It expresses the concern for commonplace and the low, and it offers an objective rather than an idealistic view of human nature and human experience Local colorism乡土文学: as a trend became dominant in American literature in the 1860s and early 1870s，it is defined by Hamlin Garland as having such quality of texture and background that it could not have been written in any other place or by anyone else than a native stories of local colorism have a quality of circumstantial(详细的) authenticity(确实性), as local colorists tried to immortalize(使不朽) the distinctive natural, social and linguistic features. It is characteristic of vernacular(本国语) language and satirical(讽刺的) humor Naturalism自然主义: American naturalism was a new and harsher realism. American naturalism had been shaped by the war; by the social upheavals（剧变）that undermined the comforting faith of an earlier age. America’s literary naturalists dismissed the validity of comforting moral truths. They attempted to achieve extreme objectivity and frankness, presenting characters of low social and economic classes who were determined by their environment and heredity. Although naturalist literature described the world with sometimes brutal realism, it sometimes also aimed at bettering the world through social reform. Stream of consciousness意识流：It is one of the modern literary techniques. It is the style of writing that attempts to imitate the natural flow of a character’s thoughts, feelings, reflections, memories, and mental images as the character experiences them. It was first used in 1922 by the Irish novelist James Joyce. Those novels broke