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阅读还原句子小结一、命题依据——《2011考试说明》读的能力要求1、能根据上下文和构词法推断、理解生词的含义。
2、能获取文章的具体信息（细节阅读）。
3、能理解文章中的具体信息并进行简单的推理和判断。
4、能理解归纳文章的主旨要义，能为文章选定合适的题目。
5、能根据上下文理解作者的态度、观点及意图。
6、(1)能理解故事情节和事件发展顺序 (2)能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系实例分析：考察最多的四种逻辑关系A. 因果关系：because, so, as a result, so...that, that's why.例一：(2011朝阳)Mr. White works in an office. He’s able and can easilydeal with all kinds of matters. 60 . Of course he’s often busy and hasno time to do the housework. His wife does all at home.A. He sat up to answer itB. But soon he forgot it and went to workC. She worked hard and made much moneyD. And he never cleaned up the rooms, eitherE. So he’s always paid more than his workmatesKey: EB. 转折关系：but, however, to my surprise.例二：（2011房山） Then, don’t think about what will happen. It’s possible that you might be laughed at when speaking. 63 What really happens is better than what we imagine.A. First of all, you’d better concentrate on what you enjoy.B. These successes are “proof ” that you can do it.C. I still feel a little uncomfortable when I realize.D. However, others may not even notice your mistake.E. I could even take part in speaking competitions.Key: DC. 并列关系：firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally, sometimes.例三：（2011房山）When I was small, I was kind of shy. Fortunately, I changed a lot by junior high. Shyness gets in the way of success, but it doesn't have to hold you back. Here are some tips that may help you overcome it. 61 The excitement of being lost at something that you love can help you forget your nervousness while showing off in public.A. First of all, you’d better concentrate on what you enjoy.B. These successes are “proof ” that you can do it.C. I still feel a little uncomfortable when I realize.D. However, others may not even notice your mistake.E. I could even take part in speaking competitions.Key: AD. 顺序关系：时间顺序，动作顺序，发展顺序。
19 阅读还原句子型之建议方法类（2023·黑龙江大庆·统考中考真题）Choose the sentences to plete the passage.We often have arguments in all relationships. But that is not always a bad thing. Sometimes we can choose to be in a winwin situation. What is important is how we manage the argument. 1Treat each other with respect.If your friend calls your names or makes fun of you, tell him or her to stop. 2 , walk away and tell him or her you do not want to talk any more. Respect has to be won and if you want people to respect you, do the same to them.Listen to other people patiently.When everyone is talking, who does the listening? Listen to understand, not to reply. 3 Listening in silence is sometimes stronger than arguing in vain (徒劳无益).4If giving in to others can lead to a nice result, there is no need to argue just to win someone else. After all. solving an argument doesn’t have to be a tugofwar (拔河).In a word, we each should do our own part to deal with arguments. 5A．If your friend continuesB．Give in when it is necessary.C．If you don’t want to talk about your friendD．The following suggestions might help you.E．Do not be too quick to judge what you hear.F．The more you talk, the better the result will be.G．In this way, we can achieve a winwin situation.（2023·四川雅安·统考中考真题）根据短文内容，从短文后面的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
考向42 任务型阅读之阅读还原（2022·广西柳州·中考真题）Does talking in front of people make you shy? If so, you are not alone. Many people in the world suffer from shyness and want to change this situation.___1___ Here are some tips for you.Find out the cause of your shyness. Do you become shy in front of new listeners? Please try to find out the thoughts that go through your head before the shyness comes out. You’re okay being around your family, right? Are they different from the strangers around you? Of course not. ___2___Place your attention on others. For most of us, when we think we will feel nervous if we speak up or stand out, we become shy. ___3__ When you stop paying attention to yourself, you stop worrying about your performance（表现）.___4___ You have got used to hearing your own voice. Record your voice pretending（假装）to have conversations with others. At the beginning you’ll feel like an actor, but soon it will become a habit. After doing it for some time, you will be able to voice your opinions bravely.Stop comparing yourself to others. The more you compare yourself to others, the more you will feel shy because you may think you are not good enough. ___5___ Everyone else must have his own confidence problems too.根据短文内容，从下列七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
还原短文解题方法
标题: 还原短文解题方法
正文:
短文解题是一种常见的语言学习技巧,可以帮助我们快速准确地理解短文中的重要信息。
下面是一些常见的短文解题方法:
1. 扫读短文:在开始阅读短文之前,先快速浏览一遍,了解短文的主题、目的和主要信息。
这样可以更快地理解短文,找到关键信息。
2. 抓住关键词:在阅读短文时,要注意文章中的关键词。
这些关键词通常会用来描述短文的主题或内容。
要找到这些关键词,可以使用关键词搜索工具或词典。
3. 理解段落结构:短文通常由多个段落组成,每个段落通常包含一个主题句和一个细节句。
要理解段落结构,可以注意段落之间的连接关系,如转折、并列、因果等。
4. 推理和推断:短文中可能会有一些推断或推理,要根据上下文和相关信息进行推断或推理。
这需要一些语言知识和推理能力。
5. 利用常识:对于一些常见的事实或常识,可以在阅读短文后进行推理或推断。
例如,如果知道短文中提到了某个节日或事件,可以根据这些信息推断出短文的主题。
除了以上方法,还有一些技巧可以帮助我们更有效地阅读和理解短文,如仔细阅读、注意细节、避免过度推理等。
这些方法和技巧可以帮助我们更好地应对短文解题任务。
拓展:
短文解题方法不仅可以用于语言学习,也可以用于其他领域。
例如,在数学中,短文解题可以用来解决一些代数问题;在计算机科学中,短文解题可以用来检测代码中的错误;在文学中,短文解题可以用来分析诗歌的语言和结构。
总之,短文解题方法是一种实用的语言学习技巧,可以用于多种领域。
阅读还原技巧点拨一、题型特点在近两年各省中考试题阅读理解中，出现了这样一种题型—阅读还原。
阅读还原类题目常见的形式：在一段200–300词的短文中留出四、五个空白，要求考生从所给的五个或六个选项中选出正确答案，补全短文，使短文意思通顺、前后连贯。
这类题目中空白处需填的选项常常是表示过渡、总结或转折性的句子，段首段尾一般不留空，并且做错一题很可能导致全盘皆输。
二、考核内容纵观各选项与文中空白，此题型主要考查：1、细节与细节的关系：一般空白出现在文章中间，主要考文中句子与句子之间的关系。
2、主题与细节的关系：答案线索一般就在挖空的那一段中寻找。
3、大主题与小主题的关系：一般需要通读全文寻找答案，首先必须明确文章大意。
三、技巧点拨解答阅读还原题的关键在于理解文章大意，理清逻辑关系，研究选项内容。
即“读懂文章、读懂逻辑、读懂选项”。
1、读懂文章。
如果是记叙文，在通读全文后应了解故事的主人公、主要情节以及故事的发展过程；如果是说明文，就要弄清楚文章的说明对象、说明顺序；议论文则要明确作者的论点及如何论证论点。
2、读懂逻辑。
明确文章的大体内容后，首先要理清文章的逻辑关系。
例如：记叙文通常以时间的发展为线索，说明文往往以“总—分—总”或“并列式”的结构来说明问题，而议论文常以“总—分”或“分—总”的形式出现。
作者把某句放在它所在的位置一定是有道理的，通常是不能随意更改的；其次要弄清各段之间是如何过渡、如何照应的，又是如何形成一个有机整体的。
文章中的起始句、过渡句、结尾句以及各段的主旨句尤为重要，它们即“路标句”。
找到了路标，题目做起来就会简单很多。
3、读懂选项。
有的同学会困惑，看似凌乱的选项该如何读懂？其实快速解决这类题目的秘诀就在于读懂选项。
选项中通常会出现两种句子，一种是支撑文章的细节句，一种是概括文章的主题句。
细节句使文章更加丰富，使故事情节更流畅；主题句让读者快速了解主旨，辅助读者阅读，通常与文章的细节无直接联系。
阅读填空辅导讲义B. In 963, Wilma got her degree in education.C. When she was very young her leg began to have problems.D. So Wilma Rudolf was the first American woman to win three Olympic gold medals.E. At the age of 5, she won all nine of the races.答案与解析：. C解析：从原文得知,她小时候不是一个强壮的孩子.所以本句应该是解释她有哪些问题.答题时应该抓住选项中的关键词“problem”.另外,下句说到她妈妈和姐姐帮她按摩有毛病的腿.此处bad leg 和选项C中的her leg有承接关系.名词承接2. A解析：从原文得知“医生在她的腿里放了一个矫形支架达六年之久”,而后文中又说“她高中时开始跑步了”.而此句意为“幸运的是医生在她2岁时取出了矫形支架.取出支架后才能开始跑步.动、名词承接3. E解析：从原文中可知“the next year is 956”“the next year”指的是某一年的下一年, 因此应是955年.再根据“Wilma was born in 940.”可知 She was 5 years old in 955. 时间顺序4. D解析：从原文中得知Wilma参加了960年意大利奥运会获得了三块金牌,选项中的“three”很具体的对其进行了总结.同时“so”很好地引出了对参加意大利奥运会的总结.因果关系5. B解析：原文中的“那一年”指的是某一年,前文中肯定提到了“一年”,因此是“In963, she got her degree in education, then at the same year, she got married. 代词承接此外,上句说她是一个勤奋的人.所以本句说的是她在学习方面的成就.形容词、名词承接总结：阅读理解新题型的答题思路是：通读全文及选项了解文章大意；②分析选项间的逻辑关系；③从选项中圈出表示逻辑关系的关键词；④阅读短文还原句子并排除干扰；⑤复读短文检查逻辑是否合理.练习：话题. 个人情况,家庭、朋友与周围的人,人际关系Last Sunday evening, my parents went out for a walk with my sister. But I studied alone at home because would have an English test. Suddenly, I saw bright light in my neighbor’s kitchen. . So I went on studying.Soon, there was a terrible smell in the air and I thought something was wrong.2 .So I shouted “Fire, Fire” But no one heard or came out.I ran quickly to my house to call 9, and then I rang my neighbor’s doorbell, knocked at the door. 3 .I got into the house through the window and found my neighbor sleeping in his bedroom . 4 .We tried our best to pour water through the kitchen window, but the fire was too heavy. 5 .When my parents came back, they found I was dirty and tired. After my neighbor told them the whole story, they were happy and said I was a brave boy.A. But there was no answer.。
中考英语阅读理解之还原句子解题技巧作者：黄在琼来源：《报刊荟萃（下）》2018年第04期摘要：阅读理解题对学生提出了较高的能力要求，主要是考查学生通过阅读获取信息、分析信息和处理信息的能力。
这类题注重考查阅读技能，包括理解短文大意、了解具体细节、通过上下文猜测词义、归纳篇章大意，以及推断或理解作者的态度和意图等。
考生不仅要具有准确获得信息的能力，还要具有透过文章表层意思理解文章隐含意义的能力。
这样才能抓住中心思想，作出正确的判断。
关键词：中考；英语；阅读理解；解题技巧中考阅读理解题应注意的问题：①忌不带问题。
做阅读理解题时，应先把文章后面所给的考查题浏览一遍，然后带着这些问题进行阅读。
边阅读边选出考查表层情况问题的答案，从而提高阅读效果。
②忌草率行事。
在设计理解题时，设计者往往在四个选项中设计出一个似是而非的答案。
这种答案的干扰性特别强，容易迷惑考生。
如果在发现一个看似正确的答案时就草率定案，往往会掉进设计者设置的“陷阱”里。
处理的方法是：对所给四个备选答案进行分析比较，在理解理解阅读材料内容的基础上进行去伪存真，方可选出正确答案。
③忌囫囵定案。
所谓囫囵定案是指考生在未完全读懂文章时就匆忙定案，结果往往选错答案。
因此，尚未读懂的地方如果时间允许的话，一定要慢速多读几遍，直到读懂时再定答案。
④忌忽略时间。
做阅读理解题时，一定要从整体上控制时间，时间分配应根据文章的难易程度有别。
文中一两处没弄懂的地方可以暂且放置一边，等把全部题做完后，再回头来处理。
因为做完题后，你的心情相对放松了，往往会产生新的思路、新的灵感。
即使做完题后时间所剩无几了，你再把未处理的题猜测一下也不晚，因为你仍然有选对的可能性。
总而言之，阅读理解靠的是扎实的语言基础。
阅读理解是综合语言运用能力的一个重要方面，在中考中所占的比重越来越大。
一、细节理解题这类题难度小，但是占的比例比较大，细节理解题主要以文中的某个具体事实或细节出题点，常见的出题方式有5个“W”和一个“H”即who，what，when，where，why和 how就文章具体内容进行简单计算，排序，识图等；以From the passage ...，According to the passage…等提问方式开头，考查某一细节；但是一定要注意捕捉准确的信息，进行理解分析，去伪存真，否则会陷入设下的“陷阱”，受其迷惑而误选干扰项。
阅读短文还原句子是中考题型中最年轻的题型，即2010年北京英语考试中的新题型，一般有200-250个单词左右，为5选4的题型。
设空位置一般为三种：段首、段尾和段中。
根据2010年-2012年各区县一模、二模及真题中此类题型的考查，可看出考题中段中设空最多，段尾次之，段首最少。
另外，从2013年各区一模题来看设空也符合上述出题规律。
根据对2013年考试说明及课标中“读”的七级要求第5条和第6条的分析，总结出此类试题主要考查：1. 学生能理解故事情节和事件发展顺序。
2. 学生能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系。
根据以上分析得出此类试题考查的文体主要为记叙文。
我们都知道记叙文的六要素为：时间、地点、人物、起因、经过和结果。
因此，根据记叙文常见的写作顺序，可知其解题思路主要为时间顺序、动作顺序和故事发展顺序。
此外，关注段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系，主要为：并列、转折、因果关系及其它关系（包括单词重复、代词指代、排比句式等）。
针对阅读短文还原句子的考查点，我们总结出此类题型的解题步骤及得分技巧，具体如下：1. 解题步骤（1）读选项，划关键词，暗排序。
（2）读文章，找逻辑，抓过渡词。
（3）先易后难来解题。
（4）回读文章定答案。
2. 得分技巧（1）抓住过渡词，看住上下句。
（2）盯紧横线的前后词语。
通过学生对这类题型的解题步骤、思路及技巧的练习和实践，可总结出以下复习策略：1. 养成限时阅读的习惯，提高阅读速度。
培养学生的阅读技能，处理好阅读速度与效率问题。
阅读速度应控制在每篇5分钟，每分钟40-50个词为宜。
2. 注意常考点。
针对五选四，平时练习多注意代词（如it， this， they）、选项的句内关系（如因果、转折）及重现（文章与选项的复现提示）等。
解题技巧通读全文,了解文章大意.通读答案,找出和文章相对应的关键词.根据文章整体结构、具体内容,并结合关键词,将选项填入文中. 将所选答案代入文中,再次通读全文,重点考查逻辑关系和关联结构.研究多余选项,确定排除理由,最终确定答案.1. 如果问题设在段首（1）通常是段落的主题句认真阅读后文内容,根据段落一致性原则,查找相关的词,推断出主题句（2）与后文是并列,转折,因果关系等.着重阅读后文第一两句,锁定线索信号词,然后在选项中查找相关特征词,通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的,因此这两句之间会有某种的衔接手段. （3）段落间的过渡句.这时要瞻前顾后找启示,即阅读上一段结尾部分,通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来,并结合下一段内容,看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来.2. 如果问题设在段尾（1）空白前的一句或两句是重点语句,重点阅读以锁定关键词.（2）通常是结论,概括性语句注意在选项中查找表示结果结论,总结等的信号词.Therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word等词语,选项中也可发现前文的同义词句.（3.）与前文是转折或对比关系此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折对比的关联词,同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立,对比关系.（4.）与前文是并列或排比关系在这种情况下,通常是该段落要求补全说明本段主题的其他细节,因此,根据段落一致性原则,在原文和选项中找到相关的特征词,通常选项中会出现表示并列或递进关系的关联词或与前文类似的句式结构,或出现同义词等其他线索.（5.）所选答案是引出下一段的内容如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联,此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接.认真阅读下一段开头几句,看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来（6.）如果第一段的段尾是空白,要认真阅读,看此处是细节还是主题通常文章第一段要提出文章的主题,如果在段尾提出主题,会用一些信号词如转折词引出来,正确答案应有这样的特征词.【2011北京】七、短文，根据短文内容，从文后的五个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。
（共8分，每小题2分）Kenny and Bobbi McCaughey live in Iowa. They have a big family. Mikayla is the oldest child in the family. She is six years old. The other children are Brandon, Joel, Kelsey, Kenny. Natalie, Alexis and Nathan. They are all five years old. Why are they all the same age __6l_They are septuplets!It is hard work to look after seven babies at the same time, 62_. In the beginning, many people helped them. They helped to feed, clean, and dress the babies. Every week, the septuplets used about 170 diapers (尿布) ! _63 .Now the children are older. The septuplets started school this year. But they go to school at home, like their big sister, Mikayla. When Mikayla was ready for school, Kenny and Bobbi decided to teach her at home. 64 . Now Bobbi is the teacher for all eight of her children.A. They drank a lot of milk, tooB. Because they were born togetherC. Last year, Bobbi was Mikayla's teacherD. Kenny and Bobbi are interested in cookingE. But Kenny and Bobbi didn't look after them alone61. 正确答案B. 我们发现有关键词"Born"与age、five years old相呼应。
再看空格的前两句内容提到They are all five years old. Why are they all the same age 结合常理我们能够得到他们应该是同时出生的。
分析五个选项，排除不符合前后文意思内容的选项。
再通过后文说They are septuplets!(七胞胎)第二个选项明显符合先后文的因果关系，故选B。
62. 正确答案E.先看单词，look after复现。
看空的前后，前文说同时照顾七个宝宝是个艰辛的工作，后文说起初有很多人帮助他们。
前后逻辑是相反的，所以中间应该有转折。
再看选项，把各个选项实在带入只有E符合前后行文顺序其它的内容均与该空无关，故选E。
63. 正确答案A. 首先注意关键词they 的指代，前文说到他们每天需要大量的尿布，而把所有选项带入后发现只有A选项与原文空格位置逻辑顺序相符。
故选A。
其他选项与前文所描述内容不能有效联系，所以不选。
64. 正确答案C.关键词复现：Bobbi和关键词替换原文中的teach与选项中的teacher,从逻辑看，带入C，去年Bobbi 是Mikayla的老师，与下文现在她是所有孩子的老师成顺承关系。
同时注意空格后一句的内容。
把选项C带入前后文所描述的内容一致。
故选C。
其它选项与本题前后内容描述不一致逻辑不一致，故不选。
（2011桂林）CA hobby can be almost anything that a person likes to do in his spare time. Hobbyists raise pets, watch birds, paint pictures, play the piano and grow flowers. 66 They collect everything from books to butterflies and from boxes to stamps.People take up hobbies because these activities offer enjoyment, friendship and relaxation. Hobbies help people relax after a long time of hard work, and provide a balance (平衡) between work and play. Hobbies offer interesting activities for the old. Some hobbies can make a child grow as a person, develop his interest and help him learn new skills. 67 Doctors have found that hobbies are useful in helping patients (病人) recover (恢复) from illness. Hobbies give patients who can’t move ar ound something to do, and provide interests that keep them from thinking about themselves. Many hospitals treat (治疗) patients by having them take up interesting hobbies. 68？In early times, most people were too busy making a living to have many hobbies. But some persons who had spare time did enjoy hobbies. 69 People today have more time than ever before for hobbies. Machines have now reduced much time that people must spend on their jobs.70 Those who have developed hobbies never need to worry about what to do with their newly-found free time hours.Sir William Osler, a famous Canadian doctor expressed the value (价值) of hobbies by saying, “No man is really happy or safe without a hobby.”请根据以上内容，从下列五个选项中选择适当的句子还原到短文中，使短文完整与正确。
