Channeling pain
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戴安娜王妃简介英文本文是关于戴安娜王妃简介英文,仅供参考,希望对您有所帮助,感谢阅读。
戴安娜王妃简介princess Diana (1961 - 1997) was born in Norfolk, England on July 1, 1961, and was the daughter of Earl Edwards Spencer, and married prince Wales prince Charles on July 29, 1981. She was the first wife of Charles and the prince of prince William and prince Harry. In June 1987, Diana will be her auction of 79 clothing income 3.5 million pounds, all donated to charity. Her character deeply touched the ordinary people, especially among the people suffering. August 28, 1996 to terminate the marriage, in 1997 due to a car accident died in paris, France.戴安娜王妃生平经历July 1, 1961, was born in the evening in the United Kingdom Norfolk, weighing 7 pounds 12 ounces, is the eighth generation of Spencer Earl's little daughter.February 24, 1981, with prince Charles officially announced the engagement.July 29, 1981, married prince Wales prince Charles.In 1983, Diana first visited Australia, New Zealand and Canada.June 21, 1982, the eldest son of prince William was born.On September 15, 1984, the second son of Harry was born.December 9, 1992, prince Charles and princess Diana officially separated.December 1993, Diana part of the public out of life.August 28, 1996, Diana and Charles to lift the marriage, Diana was allowed to retain the "princess of Wales" title.August 31, 1997, died in a car accident in paris, France.On September 6, 1997, Diana's funeral was held in London, where the remains were buried in her father's family cemetery, Oldham County, Northampton.On the afternoon of July 22, 20xx, her eldest son, the prince of prince William, gave birth to a baby boy - her grandson became the third successor of the British royal family.戴安娜王妃感情生活Bad childhoodFamous family, ancestral rich, for the young Diana, rather than impressed, as shocked. Every time the grandfather lived in Osopp big house, Diana felt guilty. There are too many creepy dark corners, deep corridors filled with immortal ancestral portrait, their arrogant and cold eyes all the way to keep behind her. If Osoopu big house is more like a chunky, gorgeous spectacular museum, Diana's childhood home park house is the letter, comfortable and warm home.The park house in the trees has 10 bedrooms, a spacious garage, an outdoor swimming pool, a tennis court and a cricket court, including six full-time servants, including cooks, housekeepers and private family female teachers, serving six of Diana. Diana's bedroom on the first floor, from the creamy window to look out, open field and sparse grassland puzzle like embedded, pine, white birch, yew dotted the meantime, the calf in grazing, rabbits and fox channeling channeling Go, 6 miles away the breath of the Norfolk Coast blowing slowly.Diana is very kind, when her beloved little pet unfortunately died, she is very responsible for their funeral.park house neighbors are royal relatives and friends, naturally constitute a crowded social circle. The movement between the Spencer family and the royal family is not frequent. Actually, the children see theinvitation to visit the Queen's Winter palace.Little Diana even feel that the Queen's private residence Sang Jun Han kind of ancient strange atmosphere, she really does not like. Once, she even kicked screams and refused to go. Until the father said, do not play with other children, is very unruly behavior, she was quiet down.Diana's father is a Viscount, he needs a son to inherit his title, and Diana's mother has given birth to several girls. At the time of the people, Diana's mother must have got a strange disease. As a result, Diana's mother received various examinations and religious activities. At home, people are often discriminated against. Finally, in Diana 3 years old, the mother finally gave birth to hope the brother of the years. However, the long-term pressure to bring the male heir to the family has long been brewing the crisis of marriage, has made the young Viscount infinite yearning way of life, become increasingly boring and boring.In April 1969, they were formally divorced, and the mother lost custody of Diana and his brother. And the father also married a Diana do not love the late mother. Diana is very upset. But she was always dressed up, busy all day long. She was riding a small blue tricycle, riding on the aisle to ride; with a baby carriage pushing dolls, wandering around in the yard; to help the little brother Charles dress, to curled up in her bed Hair pacifier bed cover.Every weekend, Diana and his brother were allowed to meet with their mother in London. Accompanied by the nanny, they take the train from Norfolk, the mother will be waiting for them at Liverpool Street Station. But they can only meet briefly, when Diana left, leaving only endless thoughts and the separation of the pain of flesh and blood.Diana and his brother are the only parents of the school divorced students, which they are fundamentally different from other children, toknow that divorce in the year can be considered rare. In a sunny afternoon, we are on the picture class, I do not know how, Diana sadly crying, the students do not understand, only to see her painting every painting are written "dedicated to the mother and father To ". Diana is very friendly to small classmates, like small animals, but also willing to help people, but not on the study of things, in case of deep problems, often puzzled.At the age of 9, Diana sent her to another school lodging two hours from the park house. This makes her feel a bit abandoned, this kind of psychological impact on her future growth has a significant impact. In the dormitory, Diana and his girlfriend will talk and laugh, but the classroom, she has always been very quiet, Diana is a popular partner, enthusiastic school activities, but she always felt with everyone A distance, one day, she will go to a different direction.Met the princeDiana and prince Charles met in a party in 1977, before prince Charles had with Diana's sister Elizabeth Sarah Spencer date, the prince first met her, said she was a Very attractive woman. At the center of OshOp's land near the forest, Diana was introduced to prince Charles.Diana wearing a plaid shirt, corduroy pants, full of Wellington boots, dressed in her sister's jacket, dressed up, the image of ambiguous. She knew she was insignificant curry brown, sister Sarah is the heroine in the play, because the prince is her sister's boyfriend. In order to welcome the arrival of the prince, Spencer family held a grand dance. In the full house of the ladies of the clothing between the incense bristles, has not faded baby fat Diana, body type of fat, not fat powder, speech is also a simple-minded look. But prince Charles felt, "This 16-year-old girl is lively and funny, blame people love."He wanted to ask Diana to take him to visit the 115-foot art gallery,where the best private art collection in Europe, Sarah said she should do the wizard, Diana immediately walked away.Sister Sarah and Charles met in the summer of 1977 the Royal Ascot horses social activities, intimate exchanges for 9 months. public opinion once thought that Sarah was likely to be the queen of the future of England, but because of her enthusiasm for the appearance of far more than the royal family girlfriend should be cautious, her relationship with Charles gradually cooled down.However, she was still invited to attend the 30th birthday party of prince Charles at the Buckingham palace in November 1978. So that Sarah was shocked that the little sister Diana actually was invited to the column - Oh, Cinderella came from behind the scenes.Diana is so happy that he can not think about it. Charles was the actress Susan George of the night, and it did not seem to matter to her. After all, life is so colorful, free single aristocratic days have just begun!Since then, the relationship between Diana and prince Charles is getting better and better. They started dating on the beautiful lakeside, began to chat happily, and even warmly kissed. In this regard, Diana is very comfortable and proud.At that time, Charles was skiing in Switzerland, he said on the phone, waiting for him to come back, there are very important things to ask her. Diana premonition that the long-awaited moment finally came, that day, she and his girlfriend have been chatting to the middle of the night. On February 6, 1981, the vacation came back to Charles Jose Diana at Windsor Castle. It was late, and Charles said to Diana that he was very fond of her that she was straightforward to marry her. Diana accepted his proposal.Two days later, Diana flew to her vacation with her mother and stepfather to enjoy the quiet and secluded civilians in the last few days.February 23, 1981, officially announced the first night of engagement, Diana packed up the pack, bid farewell to the intimate girlfriend, bid farewell to the testle Hein 60. A heavily armed Scottish field sheriff ready to escort her into the palace. He looked at the 20-year-old Diana that child's innocent face, could not help but said: "You know, this is your life in the last night, do not panic, and then enjoy it!" "Diana heard this sentence, suddenly felt a strange kind of heartache. perhaps, at this moment, she really realized that he is about to bid farewell to carefree free life, but to have a time to comply with the rules and regulations, walking on thin ice palace life. All this, to come so suddenly, to the surprise.Luxury weddingJuly 29, 1981, prepared for six months of the wedding season gradually opened its mysterious veil. This huge costly, large-scale wedding owner is Diana and her beloved prince Charles. However, immersed in the joy of Diana, not knowing her later marital life, but also like her wedding, like only the endless gorgeous, bright; and no practical inner.That day, the bells of all the churches in the city of London sounded at 9:00 am, and the brightly colored British cavalry guard guard escorted the royal wedding team to the church, and was haunted by millions of people who felt the happiness of the British Empire Of the people, they took the fragrant flowers, holding Diana and Charles photos, mouth also shouting a good blessing language, everyone like Christmas as joyful, joyful. British radio and television companies in 33 languages to the world broadcast the grand ceremony of the wedding, the world more than 700 million viewers immersed in this fairy tale prince and princess love.Royal family 10:00 am to leave Buckingham palace, prince Charles's huge parade fleet walking at the end. When they arrived in St. paul's Cathedral, prince Charles dressed in a beautiful uniform of the Navy commander, a bluedecorative shoulder strap Messenger chest. His side is prince Andrew and prince Edward, neatly the naval fleet commander in front of prince Charles.Diana wearing a sparkling diamond crown and dragging up to 8 meters of white wedding (because the diamond crown is very heavy, wedding day, Diana once felt a headache, but she still maintained a bright smile.) And her The father of El Spencer took George V in 1910 at the coronation ceremony used on the "glass" carriage, in the warm blessings came to the cathedral.After the oath of marriage, the prince and the princess walked down the corridor with red carpet. Before riding the convertible carriage back to the palace, they waved to the crowd on the steps of the church. Then, the newlyweds appeared on the balcony of Buckingham palace in the traditional way, and before the honeymoon trip was taken by the top-end convertible carriage, their unprecedented, lingering royal kiss made hundreds of millions of spectators pleasantly surprised.Unfortunate marriageAfter the wedding, Charles with a full set of fishing tools and half a dozen philosophy books, and Diana boarded the "Brittany" Royal yacht, began three weeks of the Mediterranean honeymoon trip. How long before, Diana will understand: if you want to think of harmony, she must unconditionally in all respects to accommodate Charles. "Adaptation to the new role" is just a matter of Diana, Charles will not bother for anyone to change the original way of life. In his eyes, Diana is just a little assertive child, should be the first time he is lookingOn one occasion, two Camilla pictures fell out of Charles's diary; and on another dinner hosted by the president and Lady of Egypt, Charles wore a new cufflink, and the shape of the button was two entangled "C", Charles outspoken by Camilla gave him. These two things to Diana feel very fear and sad.Charles from the previous letter to the mistress can be learned that Charles chose to marry and Diana is not love dictates, but Charles as a prince, as the future king. Shoulders bear the child, inheritance incense responsibility, and this responsibility requires a princess to complete. So he casually chose the innocent Diana, and his decision, this move is undoubtedly the Diana pushed into the world hell. And Diana did not know it all, she still simply thought that Charles is really love her.Soon, Diana was pregnant.The good news spread like the wings of the United Kingdom, spread all over the world. Can be described as the point to the nationwide celebration. However, when prince Charles not only do not accompany the weak and helpless Diana, but every day and friends out to play, swimming, riding. On the pregnant wife of his wife indifferent, like a stranger look. This is the princess Diana is very sad, she and other pregnant women as eager to get her husband's love, but this love is so far away.In order to attract the attention of prince Charles, princess Diana took a step dangerous game. One day, prince Charles, as always, ready to play, she in order to retain the prince of Charles even dragging pregnant body jumped from the ladder. Suddenly let everyone scared stunned, it is said that the first to the scene is Queen Elizabeth II, she was completely daughter-in-law crazy behavior shocked. However, Diana and the child in the stomach (that is, prince William) safe and sound. prince Charles is indifferent, still happily out to play, and at home, but if nothing had happened. This makes princess Diana hurt.A few months later, their eldest son prince William was born. prince William's birth to a certain extent, ease the relationship between Diana and Charles. However, this good relationship has not been maintained for too long.Two years later, Diana gave birth to prince Harry. As prince Harry's birth time and prince Charles playing time conflict, prince Charles is very fond of the child, or even do not want to look at prince Harry. However, princess Diana was in order to give birth to prince Harry had postpartum depression. Have the postpartum depression princess Diana is very unstable mood, many times with a knife to cut their wrist, ankle, and throat. prince Charles is indifferent, and more annoying princess Diana.5 years later, prince Charles has publicly said that he did not have any hope for this marriage, but then prince William was only 5 years old, prince Harry was only 3 years old. In fact, combined with the subsequent development, we can know the root cause is prince Charles and the old lover Camilla old relapse, when Diana for their marriage efforts, the prince Charles has been in the arms of Camilla. Is the prince of Charles, betrayed the marriage with princess Diana.Some time, when Charles surfed, Diana walked up the other side of the deck; when Diana dived, Charles turned his face in the opposite direction.Since then, prince Charles and Camilla and Dai children dating, Diana and other men together. However, Diana still love his two sons.Later, Diana decided not to silence, in February 1992, Charles and Diana went to visit India. This day is Valentine's Day, in accordance with established practice, this prince and princess will offer Valentine's Day kiss to show love. But when prince Charles mouth toward Diana's face, Diana to the neck of a turn, time to get the right thing. Diana does not let the prince kiss her! prince's kiss was relentlessly rejected by his wife! More than 100 professional photographers and 5,000 elated Indian audiences witnessed this scene.December 9, 1992 British prime Minister Meijie on behalf of the royal family announced that princess Diana and prince Charles did appear a crisis,the two officially separated!After that, Diana and prince Charles to be outdone, constantly in front of each other slander, discredit each other. It is detrimental to the royal face, at the same time, Diana and Queen's relationship has become tense up. In 1996, under the command of the Queen, Diana and prince Charles divorced. But Diana can still retain the title of "His Highness".Alternative marriageNo matter what the point of view, this is an unusual romance, Diana and Charles almost nothing in common.Charles is a graduate of Cambridge University, for him, nothing more than quietly sit down and read a full of wisdom of the psychology or history books more enjoyable things; Diana is a continuous test did not pass the high school dropout students TheCharles is particularly keen to immediately activities, summer polo, winter hunting, every Wednesday to four times, from the non-stop; Diana 10 years old that year in Sang Jun Han park riding an arm broke, once bitten by a snake, , From this bad this way.Charles loves the opera, Diana is obsessed with ballet; Charles hates the popular music that is Diana's hobby; Diana is good at tennis, and Charles never plays.Charles is quiet, he can hold a small box of watercolor paint and sketch books, painted a few hours, or sitting on the river fishing all day, specifically fish hook.Diana is moving, she is willing to contact with people, talk with people, especially with family and friends call, telephone line is simply her lifeline.Although Charles has always been cautious, easy to make himself into emotional entanglement, but as the "world's most qualified diamond kingfive", his name is no less related to the scandal, in Diana before he had with three Ren girlfriend formally on marriage.In contrast, Diana naive can almost do his daughter, this has just come out of the door of the little girl, never attracted any other man, the feelings of a blank experience, is a child who has not grown up.perhaps because of these too obvious differences, Diana brought Charles has never had the freshness, he could not help by the main to be attracted. Suitable candidates.With the passage of time, these potential marital dangers, such as the iceberg, followed by the surface, to Diana and Charles brought irreparable barriers and endless pain.。
遭受化疗的痛苦英语作文Title: Enduring the Pain of Chemotherapy。
Chemotherapy, often referred to as "chemo," is a common treatment for cancer. It involves the use of powerful drugs to kill cancer cells throughout the body. While chemotherapy can be effective in fighting cancer, it often comes with a multitude of side effects that can be incredibly painful and challenging to endure.First and foremost, one of the most prominent side effects of chemotherapy is nausea and vomiting. These symptoms can be relentless, leaving patients feeling weak, exhausted, and unable to eat or drink properly. The constant feeling of sickness can take a severe toll on both physical and mental well-being, making it difficult to find relief or respite from the discomfort.In addition to nausea, chemotherapy can also cause significant hair loss. For many patients, losing their haircan be emotionally devastating, as it serves as a visible reminder of their illness. The physical transformation can alter one's sense of self and identity, leading to feelings of insecurity and loss. Coping with the emotional impact of hair loss while simultaneously battling cancer can be an immense challenge for patients undergoing chemotherapy.Furthermore, chemotherapy often weakens the immune system, leaving patients susceptible to infections and illnesses. Even minor ailments that would typically be easily shrugged off can become serious health concerns for those undergoing treatment. The fear of contracting an infection adds another layer of stress and anxiety to an already difficult situation, as patients must take extra precautions to protect themselves from potential harm.Moreover, chemotherapy can cause extreme fatigue and weakness, making even the simplest tasks feel overwhelming. Patients may struggle to find the energy to get out of bed or perform daily activities, leading to feelings of frustration and helplessness. The constant exhaustion can make it challenging to maintain a sense of normalcy intheir lives, as they are forced to adjust to their new physical limitations.Additionally, chemotherapy can have a profound impact on mental health, causing feelings of depression, anxiety, and despair. The uncertainty of the future, coupled with the physical and emotional toll of treatment, can weigh heavily on patients' minds, leading to a sense of hopelessness and despair. It is not uncommon for patients undergoing chemotherapy to experience mood swings, irritability, and difficulty concentrating as they navigate the challenges of their illness.Despite the pain and suffering associated with chemotherapy, many patients find strength and resilience in the midst of their struggle. They draw support from loved ones, healthcare professionals, and support groups who provide encouragement, comfort, and guidance along the way. Through their perseverance and determination, patients undergoing chemotherapy demonstrate incredible courage and fortitude in the face of adversity.In conclusion, chemotherapy is a grueling and arduous process that can cause immense pain and suffering for those undergoing treatment. From debilitating side effects to emotional turmoil, the challenges associated with chemotherapy are numerous and profound. However, through the support of others and their own inner strength, many patients find the courage to endure and persevere in their fight against cancer.。
坏事变好事的英语作文When Bad Turns to GoodIt is often said that every cloud has a silver lining and that even the darkest of situations can have a positive outcome. This is the notion of when bad turns to good, a concept that has been explored and experienced by people throughout history. The ability to find the good in the bad is a skill that can be learned and developed, and it is one that can have a profound impact on our lives.One of the most powerful examples of when bad turns to good is the story of Nelson Mandela. Mandela, a prominent anti-apartheid activist in South Africa, was imprisoned for 27 years for his political beliefs and actions. During his time in prison, Mandela could have easily become bitter and resentful, but instead, he used the experience to deepen his understanding of the struggle for freedom and equality. He emerged from prison with an even stronger resolve to bring about change and to work towards a more just and equitable society.Mandela's story is a testament to the power of resilience and the ability to see the good in even the most challenging of circumstances. By focusing on the positive and using his time in prison to reflect, learn, and grow, Mandela was able to transform a negative experience into a catalyst for positive change.Another example of when bad turns to good can be found in the story of Malala Yousafzai, the Pakistani activist for female education. In 2012, Malala was shot in the head by a Taliban gunman for her outspoken advocacy of girls' education. This was a horrific and traumatic event, but Malala's response was one of resilience and determination. Rather than being cowed by the attack, Malala used it as an opportunity to amplify her message and to inspire others around the world to stand up for the rights of girls and women.Malala's story is a powerful reminder that even in the face of adversity, we have the ability to turn a negative situation into a positive one. By channeling her anger and pain into a renewed commitment to her cause, Malala was able to use her experience to bring about real and lasting change.The concept of when bad turns to good is not limited to dramatic, high-profile events like those experienced by Mandela and Malala. It can also be seen in the everyday challenges and setbacks that we all face in our lives. For example, a job loss or a failed relationship canbe devastating in the moment, but they can also provide an opportunity for personal growth, reflection, and the discovery of new and unexpected paths.When we face a setback or a challenge, it can be easy to focus on the negative and to feel overwhelmed by the difficulty of the situation. However, by shifting our perspective and looking for the potential positives, we can often find that the bad can turn into something good.One way to do this is to practice gratitude. By taking the time to reflect on the things we are grateful for, even in the midst of a difficult situation, we can shift our mindset and begin to see the silver lining. This can help us to recognize the opportunities for growth and learning that may be present, even in the darkest of circumstances.Another strategy is to embrace the concept of resilience. Resilience is the ability to bounce back from adversity and to adapt to changing circumstances. By cultivating resilience, we can develop the inner strength and flexibility to weather the storms of life and to emerge from them stronger and more capable.Ultimately, the idea of when bad turns to good is a powerful one that can have a profound impact on our lives. By recognizing thepotential for positive change even in the most challenging of situations, we can develop a greater sense of agency and control over our lives. We can use our experiences, both good and bad, as opportunities for growth, learning, and the creation of a better future.In conclusion, the concept of when bad turns to good is a powerful one that can be applied in a variety of contexts. From the inspiring stories of Nelson Mandela and Malala Yousafzai to the everyday challenges we all face, the ability to see the silver lining and to turn a negative situation into a positive one is a skill that can be cultivated and developed. By embracing resilience, practicing gratitude, and maintaining a positive mindset, we can transform the bad into something good and create a better future for ourselves and for the world around us.。
痛苦窒息文案伤感句子英文1. I drown in a sea of pain, slowly suffocating in my own despair.2. My heart feels heavy, burdened by the weight of my anguish.3. The tears flow uncontrollably, as I struggle to breathe through the agony.4. The suffocating grip of sorrow tightens, leaving me gasping for relief.5. In the depths of despair, every breath feels like a painful struggle.6. Pain consumes me, leaving me gasping for solace that never comes.7. I am trapped in a prison of agony, where every breath feels like a torment.8. The weight of my sorrow threatens to drown me, choking out any flicker of hope.9. I am suffocating under the weight of my pain, unable to find a way out.10. The ache in my soul is suffocating, snuffing out any semblance of happiness.11. Each breath is a reminder of the endless void within me, a vacuum of pain.12. My heart is wrapped in sorrow, suffocating any joy that tries to seep in.13. The pain I feel is suffocating, like a vise squeezing the life out of me.14. In the depths of despair, I am suffocating under the weight of my own darkness.15. The heaviness in my chest is suffocating, as if my heart is slowly being squeezed.16. The darkness inside me is choking, leaving me gasping for a taste of light.17. I drown in my own despair, suffocating under the weight of my shattered dreams.18. The suffocating grip of pain squeezes tighter with every passing moment.19. The silence is suffocating, amplifying the agony that consumes me.20. Every breath is a struggle, as I try to inhale hope and exhale despair.21. I am suffocating in a sea of sorrow, struggling to stay afloat in a world that feels so cold.22. The unbearable pain leaves me breathless, a constant reminder of the darkness within.。
经典儿童英语故事-卖火柴的小女孩This is the last day of the year - Christmas Eve, there were numerous feather-like snow falling from the sky down, terribly cold it was.A The Little Match Girl walking in the street, her clothes were old and broken, the name of many p atches, wearing a pair of her mother’s big slippers, but what use is it? She was cold and hungry, she was shivering in the wind her pocket many boxes of matches, opening the way to live, saying:. “! Little Match ah, ah little match” People are buying holiday food and gifts , who would manage her?Shortly before noon, she had sold no matches, no well-meaning people gave her a money.She walked in a building window stopped, indoor scene attracted her. Yo, a beautiful Christmas tree in the house Yeah, that two children in the hands of candy wrappers so beautiful.Watching other people happy face, the little girl thought of her sick mother and grandmother died, wept bitterly as she wept what use is it? The little girl wiped away tears, continue to walk forward.“The Little Match Yeah, selling matches Yeah! Uncle, aunt, buy some matches it!”But people buying holiday gifts, are hurrying home to go to, no one heard her cries. Snowflakes fell on her long golden hair, looked so beautiful, can no one noticed her .The little girl walked, flew over a carriage, she was scared and rushed back to open, big slippers and ran away. After the last carriage, she quickly found a shoe. That was her mother’s slippers Yeah, my mother was still in bed yet. Ho wever, one can not find it, the other has been kicked out of football as a boy. the little girl had to walk barefoot, cold snow, her feet frozen red and swollen.It was getting dark, the street is less and less, and finally left the little girl alone. House street lights are lit, window yard also came the laughter coming out of the food shop the smell of roast goose, the little girl hungry stomach whining little girl wants to go home, but did not sell a match, what her mother money to buy medicine for it?Snow harder and harder, like a street paved with a thick layer of white carpet.The little girl all day without food or drink, really walk, she sat down in a corner where her small hand rubbing his red and swollen feet, while the small hands frozen. Really cold ah, if ignited a little match to be warm up that way. she dare? She finally pulled out a match, a rub on the wall, rip! Take out a small flame small flame girl hand on top, a little fire how beautiful, how warm it! She seemed to feel her sitting by the fire, and that there is much more prosperous ah fire. The little girl was about to extend warm the feet, the flames extinguished, the stove was gone, leaving only a burnt matchstick.She rubbed another, rip! There are channeling out the flames, bright light is emitted. Wall was lit up, become transparent, as if she saw things in the room. The table was covered with a white tablecloth, the top filled with a variety of delicious things. a stomach filled apple and plum geese suddenly jumped out from the plate, knife and fork stuck in the back, walked unsteadily to her. several big bread jumped from the table, a a lined like soldiers came up to her. However, at this time, the match went out, and before she left side of the dark and cold wall.The little girl could not bear striking a match, but she frozen whole body shook. In desperation, she rubbed another, rip! A bright flame flowers out. Wow! What a beautiful Christmas tree to die, which is the largest and most beautiful Christmas tree ever seen her. Many colored hanging Christmas cards on the tree, that painted a widevariety of beautiful picture. Tree also lit thousands of candles, flash like the stars to twinkle in her wink hello little girl his hand in the past, alas, the match went out, the surrounding is dark.The little girl struck a match, she saw a candle light rose up, became a dolphin bright stars have a star falls, and in the sky to draw a long wire fire. All the stars followed by fall, like a rainbow from the sky has been l inked to the ground, “what a man is dying.” the little girl said that she was the only pain because her grandmother was alive once told her: a star falls come, there is a soul to God to go there.The little girl struck a match, lit the fire to four weeks flux, grandmother appeared in the firelight toward her grandmother smiled, so gentle, so kind “grandmother -.” The little girl moved to tears, flew into the arms of her grandmother. “Grandma, please take me with you, I know, matches one off, you will not see, like that warm stove, delicious roast goose, a beautiful Christmas tree will be missing! “the little girl in the hands of a match to take a polish, grandmother because she wanted to stay. these matches to send a strong light, shine brighter than during the day. Grandma has never been so beautiful and tall Grandma took the little girl in her arms. they both flew up in the light and in joy. they fly higher and higher, fly no cold, no hunger to go to heaven, and God.The match went out, surrounded by darkness, the little girl happily closed his eyes.New Year’s morning, it stops snowing, the wind is small, the sun rose, the earth shone golden. Great people to the street, we congratulate the happy new year, and the children with clothes, happily playing the snow battle.At this time, people have seen a little girl froze to death in the corner, her face stood glory, bare lips smiling in a land strewn around her Stick, small hands still holdsa match.这是一年的最后一天--平安夜,鹅毛般的大雪纷纷扬扬地从天空中飘落下来,天气冷得可怕.一个卖火柴的小女孩在街上走着,她的衣服又旧又破,打着许多补丁,脚上穿着一双妈妈的大拖鞋,但是这又有什么用呢?她还是又冷又饿,风吹得她瑟瑟发抖.她的口袋里装着许多盒火柴,一路上不住口地叫着:“卖火柴呀,卖火柴呀!”人们都在买节日的食品和礼物,又有谁会理她呢?快到中午了,她没有卖掉一根火柴,没有哪个好心人给过她一个钱.她走着走着,在一幢楼房的窗前停下了,室内的情景吸引住了她.哟,屋里的圣诞树多美呀,那两个孩子手里的糖果纸真漂亮.看着人家幸福的表情,小女孩想到了生病的妈妈和死去的奶奶,伤心地哭了.哭有什么用呢?小女孩擦干眼泪,继续向前走去.“卖火柴呀,卖火柴呀!叔叔,阿姨,买一些火柴吧!”可是,人们买完节日礼物,都急匆匆地赶回家去,谁也没有听到她的叫卖声.雪花落在她金黄色的长头发上,看上去是那么美丽,可谁也没有注意到她.小女孩走着走着,一辆马车飞奔过来,她吓得赶快逃开,大拖鞋跑掉了.马车过去后,她赶紧找鞋.那是妈妈的拖鞋呀,妈妈还躺在床上呢.可是,一只找不到了,另一只又被一个男孩当足球踢走了.小女孩只好光着脚走路,寒冷的雪将她的小脚冻得又红又肿.天渐渐黑了,街上的行人越来越少,最后只剩下小女孩一个人了.街边的房子里都亮起了灯光,窗子里还传出了笑声.食品铺里飘出了烤鹅的香味,小女孩饿得肚子咕咕直叫.小女孩好想回家,可是没卖掉一根火柴,她那什么钱去给妈妈买药呢?雪越下越大,街上像铺了一层厚厚的白地毯.小女孩一整天没吃没喝,实在走不动了,她在一个墙角里坐下来.她用小手搓着又红又肿的小脚,一会儿,小手也冻僵了.真冷啊,要是点燃一根小小的火柴,也可以暖暖身子呀.她敢吗?她终于抽出了一根火柴,在墙上一擦,哧!小小的火苗冒了出来.小女孩把手放在火苗上面,小小的火光多么美丽,多么温暖呀!她仿佛觉得自己坐在火炉旁,那里面火烧得多旺啊.小女孩刚想伸出脚暖和一下,火苗熄灭了,火炉不见了,只剩下烧过的火柴梗.她又擦了一根,哧!火苗有窜了出来,发出亮亮的光.墙被照亮了,变得透明了,她仿佛看见了房间里的东西.桌上铺着雪白的台布,上面放满了各种各样好吃的东西.一只肚子里填满苹果和梅子的烧鹅突然从盘子里跳出来,背上插着刀叉,摇摇晃晃地向她走来.几只大面包也从桌上跳下来,一个个像士兵一样排着队向她走来.然而就在这时,火柴又熄灭了,她面前只剩下一面又黑又冷的墙.小女孩舍不得擦火柴了,可她冻得浑身直抖.无奈之下,她又擦了一根,哧!一朵光明的火焰花开了出来.哗!多么美丽的圣诞树呀,这是她见过的最美的圣诞树.圣诞树上挂着许多彩色的圣诞卡,那上面画有各种各样的美丽图画.树上还点着几千支蜡烛,一闪一闪地好像星星在向她眨眼问好.小姑娘把手伸过去,唉,火柴又熄灭了,周围又是一片漆黑.小姑娘又擦了一根火柴,她看到一片烛光升了起来,变成了一颗颗明亮的星星.有一颗星星落下来了,在天上划出一条长长的火丝.所有的星星也跟着落下来了,就像彩虹一样从天上一直挂到地上.“有一个什么人快要死了.”小女孩说.因为她那疼她的奶奶活着的时候曾经告诉过她:一颗星星落下来,就有一个灵魂要到上帝那儿去了.小女孩又擦亮一根火柴,火光把四周照得通量,奶奶在火光中出现了.奶奶朝着她微笑着,那么温柔,那么慈祥.“奶奶--”小女孩激动得热泪盈眶,扑进了奶奶的怀抱.“奶奶,请把我带走吧,我知道,火柴一熄灭,您就会不见的,像那暖和的火炉、喷香的烤鹅、美丽的圣诞树一样就会不见的!”小女孩把手里的火柴一根接一根地擦亮,因为她非常想把奶奶留下来.这些火柴发出强烈的光芒,照得比白天还要亮.奶奶从来也没有像现在这样美丽和高大.奶奶把小女孩抱起来,搂在怀里.她们两人在光明和快乐中飞起来了.她们越飞越高,飞到没有寒冷,没有饥饿的天堂里去,和上帝在一起.火柴熄灭了,四周一片漆黑,小姑娘幸福地闭上了眼睛.新年早晨,雪停了,风小了,太阳升起来了,照得大地金灿灿的.大人们来到街上,大家祝贺着新年快乐.小孩们着新衣,愉快地打着雪仗.这时,人们看到了一个小女孩冻死在墙角,她脸上放着光彩,嘴边露着微笑.在她周围撒满一地的火柴梗,小手中还捏着一根火柴.。
从战胜挫折中汲取成长养分英语作文全文共3篇示例,供读者参考篇1Drawing Growth from Overcoming SetbacksThere's no denying that life is full of challenges and setbacks. From failing an important test to being rejected from your dream university to experiencing heartbreak in your relationships, disappointments are an inevitable part of the journey. However, it's not the setbacks themselves that define us, but rather how we respond to them. In my personal experience, overcoming obstacles has been one of the most profound sources of growth and self-discovery.One of the earliest setbacks I can recall was when I didn't make the cut for the school basketball team in 8th grade. I had poured my heart and soul into training, determined to secure a spot on the team. When the roster was announced and my name was absent, I was crushed. For weeks, I wallowed in self-pity and disappointment, questioning my abilities and worth.However, it was during this low point that my mother imparted some invaluable wisdom. She reminded me that failureis merely a temporary setback, and that the true measure of character lies in how we respond to adversity. Her words resonated deeply, and I realized that I had a choice: I could either give up on my dream of becoming a basketball player or I could use this setback as fuel to work harder and improve.I chose the latter path, and the following year, I trained with renewed vigor and determination. I spent countless hours practicing my dribbling, shooting, and defensive skills, pushing myself beyond my perceived limits. When tryouts rolled around again, I was prepared – both physically and mentally. And this time, my name was called, securing my place on the team.That experience taught me a valuable lesson: setbacks are not permanent roadblocks, but rather opportunities for growth and self-improvement. It instilled in me a resilient mindset and a belief that with hard work and perseverance, any obstacle can be overcome.As I progressed through high school and encountered new challenges, I carried that mindset with me. When I struggled with a challenging academic subject, I sought out tutoring and dedicated extra time to mastering the material. When I faced rejection from a club or extracurricular activity, I used it as motivation to strengthen my application and try again.Undoubtedly, the most significant setback I've faced thus far was the sudden loss of my father during my junior year of high school. The grief and emotional turmoil were overwhelming, and for a time, I struggled to find the motivation to continue pursuing my goals. However, it was during this dark period that I drew strength from the lessons I had learned about overcoming adversity.I realized that my father's legacy lived on through the values he had instilled in me – resilience, determination, and an unwavering work ethic. By honoring those values and pushing forward despite the pain, I could not only overcome this setback but also emerge stronger and more resilient.With this mindset, I dedicated myself to my studies and extracurricular activities with renewed vigor, channeling my grief into productive outlets. I sought support from counselors and leaned on my family and friends, recognizing that asking for help is a sign of strength, not weakness.The result? Not only did I maintain academic excellence, but I also secured leadership roles in various clubs and organizations, using my experiences to inspire and uplift others facing their own struggles.As I reflect on these experiences, I am filled with gratitude for the setbacks I've encountered. They have taught me invaluable lessons about perseverance, resilience, and the power of a growth mindset. Each obstacle has served as a catalyst for personal growth, pushing me to explore new depths of determination and self-belief.Moreover, overcoming setbacks has instilled in me a deep sense of empathy and compassion for others facing similar challenges. I now have a greater understanding of the human experience and the universal struggle we all face in navigating life's obstacles.Looking ahead, I know that I will continue to face setbacks and disappointments – that's an inescapable part of life's journey. However, armed with the lessons I've learned and the resilience I've cultivated, I am confident in my ability to overcome any challenge that comes my way.Setbacks are not stumbling blocks but stepping stones to growth and self-discovery. By embracing a mindset of resilience and using challenges as fuel for self-improvement, we can not only overcome obstacles but also emerge stronger, wiser, and more empowered than ever before.As I embark on the next chapter of my journey, I carry with me the invaluable lessons learned from overcoming setbacks. They have become an integral part of my personal growth and have shaped me into the person I am today – a resilient, compassionate, and determined individual who is ready to face whatever life has in store.篇2Stumbling Blocks or Stepping Stones: Turning Setbacks into Fuel for GrowthAs a student, the road to success is rarely a straight and smooth path. It's a winding journey peppered with obstacles, detours, and seemingly insurmountable roadblocks. But what sets apart those who ultimately triumph is their ability to reframe these challenges not as impenetrable barriers, but as opportunities for growth and self-discovery.I vividly remember the gut-wrenching disappointment of receiving my first 'C' grade in high school English. It felt like a punch to the gut, deflating my confidence and casting doubt on my abilities. In that moment, I had two choices: to wallow in self-pity or to channel that setback into motivation for improvement. Luckily, I chose the latter.With determination, I sought out extra help from my teacher, pored over grammar books, and practiced writing incessantly. Each step was a battle, but gradually, the fog of confusion lifted, and the concepts that had once eluded me became clearer. By embracing that initial failure as a catalyst for change, I not only raised my English grades but also developed a newfound resilience and grit that would serve me well in the academic challenges that lay ahead.College presented its own unique set of hurdles. Juggling a demanding course load, extracurricular activities, and the pressures of adulting was a delicate balancing act that often left me feeling overwhelmed and stretched thin. There were nights when I questioned whether it was all worth it, when the stress seemed too much to bear. But in those moments of doubt, I would remind myself of the lessons learned from past setbacks –that adversity is not a roadblock but a stepping stone towards personal growth.One particularly harrowing experience was my struggle with a notoriously difficult computer science course. Despite countless hours of studying and seeking help from tutors, the concepts just wouldn't click. I found myself drowning in a sea of code, algorithms, and incomprehensible jargon. With each failedexam, my confidence plummeted, and the temptation to give up grew stronger.But then, something shifted. I realized that my approach was flawed; I had been so fixated on memorizing information that I had neglected to truly understand the underlying principles. So, I changed tactics. I started breaking down complex problems into smaller, more manageable pieces, seeking out real-world applications to make the material more tangible, and collaborating with classmates to gain different perspectives.It was a slow and arduous process, but gradually, the fog began to lift. What had once seemed like an impenetrable wall of code now revealed itself to be a intricate tapestry of logic and problem-solving – a puzzle that, with persistence and creativity, could be unraveled.That semester, I may not have earned the highest grade, but I gained something far more valuable: a deep appreciation for the power of perseverance and a renewed confidence in my ability to overcome even the most daunting challenges.These experiences have taught me that setbacks are not merely obstacles to be overcome but rather nutrient-rich opportunities for personal growth. Each failure, each stumbling block, is a chance to cultivate resilience, develop new strategies,and forge a deeper understanding of ourselves and our capabilities.Of course, this mindset shift doesn't happen overnight. It requires a conscious effort to reframe our perspective, to view challenges not as insurmountable barriers but as stepping stones towards greater self-awareness and personal evolution.It's a journey that demands vulnerability – the courage to confront our weaknesses and shortcomings head-on, without judgment or self-criticism. It necessitates a willingness to step outside our comfort zones, to embrace the discomfort of growth, and to trust that the temporary pain of struggle will ultimately yield profound rewards.Perhaps most importantly, it requires a deep sense ofself-compassion – the ability to treat ourselves with kindness and understanding, even in the face of failure. Too often, we are our own harshest critics, berating ourselves for every misstep and missed opportunity. But true growth comes not fromself-flagellation but from a nurturing, supportive inner voice that encourages us to dust ourselves off, learn from our mistakes, and try again.As I stand on the precipice of graduation, ready to embark on the next chapter of my life, I carry with me the hard-wonlessons of resilience and perseverance. The setbacks and stumbling blocks that once seemed so daunting now appear as mere stepping stones on the path to self-discovery and personal growth.I know that the road ahead will be paved with its own unique challenges – career obstacles, personal struggles, and unforeseen curveballs that life is so fond of throwing our way. But rather篇3Overcoming Setbacks: Extracting Fuel for Personal GrowthLife is a roller coaster ride, filled with twists, turns, and unexpected bumps along the way. As students, we are no strangers to setbacks – whether it's a disappointing grade, a rejection from a dream college, or a personal struggle that hinders our academic progress. However, it's not the setbacks themselves that define us, but rather how we respond to them. In this essay, I'll explore the transformative power of setbacks and how we can harness them as catalysts for personal growth.The Sting of FailureFailure is an unavoidable part of life, and as students, we encounter it in various forms. Perhaps you poured countlesshours into studying for an exam, only to receive a score that fell short of your expectations. Or maybe you worked tirelessly on a project, pouring your heart and soul into it, only to have it critiqued or rejected. In those moments, the sting of failure can be overwhelming, leaving us feeling discouraged, defeated, and questioning our abilities.It's natural to feel a range of emotions – disappointment, frustration, and even anger. However, it's crucial to recognize that these feelings are temporary and should not define our journey. Failure is not a reflection of our worth or potential; rather, it's an opportunity for growth and self-discovery.Embracing a Growth MindsetThe key to turning setbacks into stepping stones lies in cultivating a growth mindset. A growth mindset is the belief that our abilities and intelligence are not fixed but can be developed through hard work, dedication, and a willingness to learn from our mistakes.When we embrace a growth mindset, we begin to view setbacks not as insurmountable obstacles but as valuable learning experiences. Instead of dwelling on our failures, we ask ourselves, "What can I learn from this experience?" and "How can I improve moving forward?" This shift in perspective empowersus to take ownership of our growth and actively seek opportunities to develop our skills and knowledge.Reflecting and AdaptingOvercoming setbacks requires introspection and a willingness to adapt. After experiencing a setback, take the time to reflect on what went wrong and identify areas for improvement. Was there a gap in your knowledge or skills? Did you approach the task with the right mindset or strategy? Did external factors, such as time management or personal circumstances, play a role?Once you've identified the root causes, it's time to develop an action plan. Seek out resources, whether it's additional tutoring, online courses, or mentorship opportunities, to address your weaknesses. Experiment with different study techniques or time management strategies until you find what works best for you. Embrace the iterative process of trial and error, as each attempt brings you closer to mastering the skills or knowledge you need.Building ResilienceOvercoming setbacks is not just about acquiring knowledge or honing skills; it's also about cultivating resilience – the abilityto bounce back from adversity and persevere in the face of challenges. Resilience is a muscle that needs to be exercised and strengthened over time.One way to build resilience is to reframe your mindset. Instead of viewing setbacks as failures, see them as opportunities for growth and personal development. Celebrate small victories along the way, and acknowledge the progress you've made, no matter how incremental it may seem.Additionally, cultivate a support system of friends, family, mentors, or peers who can provide encouragement, guidance, and a listening ear when you need it most. Surround yourself with individuals who inspire and motivate you, and don't be afraid to seek help when you're struggling.Embracing ChallengesAs you navigate the academic journey, remember that setbacks are inevitable, but they are not permanent. Each challenge you overcome is a testament to your determination, resilience, and commitment to personal growth.Embrace challenges as opportunities to stretch beyond your comfort zone and expand your horizons. Seek out experiences that push you to your limits, whether it's taking on a leadershiprole in a club or organization, participating in a challenging internship or research project, or exploring unfamiliar academic disciplines.By consistently pushing yourself and embracing challenges, you develop a growth mindset that transcends the classroom. You'll cultivate a lifelong love for learning, a willingness to take calculated risks, and the confidence to pursue your ambitions fearlessly.ConclusionIn the grand scheme of life, setbacks are merely speed bumps on the road to personal growth and fulfillment. They offer us valuable lessons, test our resilience, and provide opportunities for self-discovery and transformation.As students, it's essential to embrace a growth mindset, reflect on our setbacks, adapt our strategies, build resilience, and continually seek out challenges that push us beyond our comfort zones. By doing so, we not only overcome obstacles but also cultivate the skills, knowledge, and mindset necessary to thrive in an ever-changing world.Remember, the journey towards growth is never linear, and setbacks are an inevitable part of the process. But by harnessingthe power of these experiences, we can emerge stronger, wiser, and better equipped to navigate the complexities of life. So, let's celebrate our setbacks, learn from them, and use them as fuel to propel us towards greater heights of personal and academic achievement.。
我的超凡能力作文800字初三英文回答:As a human being, I possess extraordinary abilitiesthat set me apart from others. One of my superpowers is the ability to read minds. This incredible ability allows me to understand what others are thinking and feeling, even if they don't express it verbally. For example, during a conversation, I can easily pick up on someone's true emotions and thoughts, which helps me to better understand their needs and concerns.中文回答:作为一个人类,我拥有超凡的能力,使我与众不同。
其中一项超能力是读心术。
这种令人难以置信的能力使我能够理解他人的思想和感受,即使他们没有用言语表达出来。
例如,在一次对话中,我可以轻松地捕捉到某人真正的情感和思想,这有助于我更好地理解他们的需求和关注。
Another incredible superpower I possess is the abilityto teleport. I can instantly transport myself from oneplace to another, regardless of the distance. This power comes in handy when I need to travel long distances or when I want to escape from a dangerous situation. For instance,if I'm running late for an important meeting, I can simply teleport to the location and arrive on time. This ability also allows me to explore different parts of the world effortlessly and experience various cultures and environments.中文回答:我还拥有的另一个令人难以置信的超能力是瞬间移动。
论痛苦英文作文Pain. It's a feeling that consumes you, engulfs your entire being. It's like a storm raging inside, tearing at your soul. You try to escape it, but it follows you everywhere, a constant presence in your life.You know that feeling when your heart is shattered into a million pieces? When the person you love the most walks away, leaving you empty and lost? It's a pain that cuts deep, leaving you raw and vulnerable. You try to hide it, put on a brave face, but inside, you're crumbling.Then there's the pain of failure. When you've worked so hard, put in countless hours of effort, only to fall short. It's a punch to the gut, a blow to your self-esteem. You question your abilities, your worth. It's a pain that lingers, a constant reminder of your shortcomings.And let's not forget the pain of loss. When you lose someone dear to you, someone who was a part of your life.It's a void that can never be filled, a piece of your heart that's forever missing. You try to hold onto their memory, but it's bittersweet. The pain of their absence is a constant ache, a reminder of what once was.Physical pain, too, can be unbearable. When your bodyis wracked with illness or injury, every movement is agony. It's like a prison, trapping you in a world of suffering. You long for relief, for a moment of respite from the torment.But amidst all the pain, there is strength. It's the strength to keep going, to face each day despite the agony. It's the strength to find moments of joy amidst the sorrow. It's the strength to heal, to grow, to rise above the pain.So yes, pain is a part of life. It's inevitable, unavoidable. But it's also a catalyst for growth, for resilience. It's a reminder of our humanity, our capacity to feel deeply. And in the end, it's what makes us appreciate the moments of happiness, of love, even more.。
NEWS AND VIEWS506 VOLUME 12 | NUMBER 5 | MAY 2006 NATURE MEDICINEIn the lateral hypothalamus, another area involved in orchestrating the behavioral and autonomic responses associated with eating, the role of GABA signaling is even less clear. Injections of the GABA agonist muscimol into this area completely suppress food intake stimulated by chemical manipulation of the nucleus accumbens, a key area of reward-driven behavior6.Clearly, much additional research is nec-essary to identify the specific hypothalamic and extrahypothalamic neurons involved in GABA-mediated ingestive behavior, to distin-guish pre- and postsynaptic modulation and to translate findings from rodent to human eating behavior. An intriguing possibility is that functionally specific GABAA receptor subtypes are present in the hypothalamus or in specific hypothalamic neurons. A large number of heteropentameric combinations could assemble from the various channel subunits and their numerous splice vari-ants10, including the β2/3 subunit shown to be Hap1 responsive by Sheng et al.2.Experimental exploitation of this hetero-geneity by the development of designer cell lines, transgenic mice and selective ligands has already borne fruit in the identifica-tion of subunit specificity for the anxiolytic, anticonvulsive and sedative effects of GABAA
receptor–binding benzodiazepines11 and
endogenous neurosteroids12. Identification of specific receptor subtypes with selective effects on appetite and body weight11 may
lead to the development of therapeutic tools that either diminish or enhance signaling in central feeding pathways. Thus, these tools could be used not only to reduce food intake in the obese, but also to stimulate food intake in the undernourished and elderly13.
1. McCann, U.D., Seiden, L.S., Rubin, L.J. & Ricaurte, G.A. JAMA 278, 666–672 (1997).2. Sheng, G. et al. Nat. Med. 12, 526–533 (2006).3. Berthoud, H.-R. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 26, 393–428 (2002).4. Moss, S.J. & Smart, T.G. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 2, 240–250 (2001).5. Kittler, .T. et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101, 12736–12741 (2004).6. Will, M.J., Franzblau, E.B. & Kelley, A.E. J. Neurosci. 23, 2882–2888 (2003).7. Cowley, M.A. et al. Nature 411, 480–484(2001).8. Cowley, M.A. et al. Neuron 24, 155–163(1999).9. Pu, S. et al. Endocrinology 140, 933–940(1999).10. Sieghart, W. & Sperk, G. Curr. Top. Med. Chem. 2, 795–816 (2002).11. Cooper, S.J. Appetite 44, 133–150 (2005).12. Lambert, J.J., Belelli, D., Peden, D.R., Vardy,A.W. & Peters, J.A. Prog. Neurobiol. 71, 67–80 (2003).13. Coppola, J.D., Horwitz, B.A., Hamilton, J., Blevins, J.E. & McDonald, R.B. Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. 288, R1492–R1498 (2005).
Channeling painArdem Patapoutian & Lindsey MacphersonIn vitro experiments have suggested that the TRPA1 ion channel senses various noxious stimuli. Many of these findings are now borne out in mice, in line with the notion that TRPA1 inhbitors might be useful in treating pain.
Two independent analyses1,2 show that the ion channel TRPA1 is required in mice for sensing endogenous pain-causing substances, pungent natural compounds, noxious cold and mechanical stimuli, and environmental irritants. These data suggest that TRPA1 is a polymodal sensor of noxious stimuli and might be a target for new pain treatments.Pain is a perception originating within the central nervous system (CNS) in response to the activity of peripheral nociceptors. In 1898, Charles Sherrington defined nociception as the ability of specialized neurons within the peripheral nervous system (PNS) to sense damage in tissues such as skin. The identity of molecules responsible for sensing damage-causing noxious stimuli has been a long-stand-ing mystery.Transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channels are nonselective cation channels that have been recently shown to be important receptors for sensing thermal, mechanical and The authors are at The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, and Ardem Patapoutian is also at the Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, California92121, USA.E-mail: ardem@scripps.educhemical stimuli relevant for somatosensation and nociception3. Nociceptive TRP channels such as TRPV1 and TRPA1 are expressed within sensory neurons that send projections to the skin of the body and face, as well as to the mouth and tongue.TRPV1 is activated by heat and capsaicin and is required in mice for thermal hyperal-gesia—hightened sensitivity to the pain of heat3. TRPA1 (also known as ANKTM1) was