轨道交通专业词汇

轨道交通专业词汇

铁路；铁道railway railroad

铁路线railway line; railroad line

铁路网railway network; railroad network

铁道科学railway science

铁路技术railway technology

铁路等级railway classification

国有铁路national railway; state railway

地方铁路local railway; regional railway

私有铁路private railway

合资铁路joint investment railway; jointly owned railway

标准轨铁路standard-gage railway

窄轨铁路narrow-gage railway

米轨铁路meter-gage railway

宽轨铁路broad-gage railway

单线铁路single track railway

双线铁路double track railway

多线铁路multiple track railway

重载铁路heavy haul railway

高速铁路high speed railway

电气化铁路；电力铁路electrified railway; electric railway

干线铁路main line railway; trunk railway

市郊铁路suburban railway

地下铁道；地铁subway; metro; underground railway

工业企业铁路industry railway

矿山铁路mine railway

轻轨铁路light railway; light rail

高架铁路elevated railway

单轨铁路；独轨铁路monorail; monorail railway

磁浮铁路magnetic levitation railway; maglev

森林铁路forest railway

山区铁路mountain railway

既有铁路existing railway

新建铁路newly-built railway

改建铁路reconstructed railway

运营铁路railway in operation; operation; operating railway

专用铁路special purpose railway

干线trunk line; main line

支线branch line

铁路专用线railway special line

货运专线railway line for freight traffic; freight special line; freight traffic only line

客运专线railway line for passenger traffic; passenger special line; passenger traffic only line

客货运混合铁路railway line for mixed passenger and freight traffic

铁路运营长度；运营里程operation length of railway; operating distance; revenue length

列车运行图train diagram

铁路建筑长度construction length of railway 区间section

区段district

轨距rail gage; rail gauge

轮重wheel load

轴重axle load

最大轴重maximum allowable axle load

限制轴重axle load limited

限界clearance; gauge

限界图clearance diagram

铁路建筑限界railway construction clearance; structure clearance for railway; railway struction gauge

基本建筑限界fundamental construction clearance; fundamental structure gauge

桥梁建筑限界bridge construction clearance; bridge structure gauge

隧道建筑界限tunnel construction clearance; tunnel structure gauge

铁路机车车辆限界rolling stock clearance for railway; vehicle gauge

机车车辆上部限界clearance limit for upper part of rolling stock

机车车辆下部限界clearance limit for lower part of rolling stock

装载限界loading clearance limit; loading

gauge

阔大货物限界clearance limit for freight with

exceptional dimension; clearance limit for

oversize commodities

接触网限界clearance limit for overhead

contract wire; clearance limit for overhead

catenary system; overhead catenary system

gauge

列车与线路相互作用track-train interaction

轮轨关系wheel-rail relation; wheel-rail

interaction

粘着系数adhesion coefficient

车轮滑行wheel sliding; wheel skid

车轮空转wheel slipping

牵引种类kinds of traction; category of

traction

牵引方式mode of traction

牵引定数tonnage rating; tonnage of traction

装载系数loading coefficient

速度speed

持续速度continuous speed

限制速度limited speed; speed restriction

均衡速度balancing speed

构造速度construction speed; design speed

最高速度maximum speed

临界速度critical speed

重载列车heavy haul train

高速列车high speed train

超长超重列车exceptionally long and heavy

train

列车正面冲突train collision

列车尾追train tail collision

列车尾部防护train rear end protection

伸缩运动fore and aft motion

蛇行运动hunting; nosing

列车压缩train running in

列车拉伸train running out

列车分离train separation

列车颠覆train overturning

列车动力学train dynamics

列车空气动力学train acrodynamics

机车车辆振动vibration of rolling stock

纵向振动longitudinal vibration

横向振动lateral vibration

垂向振动vertical vibration

摆滚振动rock-roll vibration

浮沉振动bouncing; vibration

测滚振动rolling ; vibration

测摆振动swaying; vibration

点头振动pitching; nodding

摇头振动yawing; hunting

机车车辆共振resonance of rolling stock

机车车辆冲击impact of rolling

纵向冲击longitudinal impact

横向冲击lateral impact

垂向冲击vertical impact

货运站综合作业自动化automation of

synthetic operations at freight station

行车指挥自动化automation of traffic control

编组场综合作业自动化automation of

synthetic operations in marshalling yard

铁路运营信息系统railway operation

information system

铁路数据交换系统railway data exchange

system

运营系统模拟simulation of operation system

铁路法railway law

铁道法规railway act

铁路条例railway code

铁路技术管理规程regulations of railway

technical operation

综合运输comprehensive transport;

multi-mode transport; intermode transport

国际铁路联运international railway through

traffic

大陆桥；洲际铁路transcontinental railway;

intercontinental railway; land-railway

国际联运协定agreement of international

through traffic

国际联运议定书protocol of international

through traffic

国际铁路联运公约convention of

international railway through traffic

铁路新线建设newly-built railway

construction

铁路技术改造technical reform of railway;

technical renovation of railway; betterment

and improvement of railway

铁路主要技术条件main technical standard

of railway; main techincal requirement of

railway

单位工程unit project

分部工程part project

分项工程item project

预可行性研究pre-feasibility study

项目建议书proposed task of project

可行性研究feasibility study

设计阶段design phase; design stage

三阶段设计three-step design; three-phase

design

两阶段设计two-step design; two-phase

design

一阶段设计one-step design; one-phase

design

初步设计preliminary design

技术设计technical design

扩大初步设计enlarged preliminary design;

expanded preliminary design

施工图设计construction detail design;

working-drawing design

变更设计altered design

设计概算apporximate estimate of design;

budgetary estimate of design

个别概算individual approximate estimate

综合概算comprehensive approximate

estimate

总概算sum of approximate estimate; total

estimate; summary estimate

修正总概算amended sum of approximate

estimate; revised general estimate

调整总概算adjusted sum of approximate

estimate

投资检算checking of investment

预算定额rating of budget; rating form for

budget

概算定额rating of approximate estimate;

rating form for estimate

投资估算investment estimate

估算指标index of estimate

机械台班定额rating per machine per team;

rating per machine-team

工程直接费direct expense of project; direct

cost of project

工程间接费indirect expense of project;

indirect cost of project

工程预备费reserve fund of project

设计鉴定certification of design; appraisal of

design

竣工决算final accounts of completed project

铁路用地right-of-way

铁路勘测railway reconnaissance

调查测绘survey and drawing of investigation;

investigation survey; investigation surveying

and sketching

地形调查topographic survey

地貌调查topographic feature survey;

geomorphologic survey

地质调查geologic survey

经济调查economic investigation; economic

survey

水文地质调查hydrogeologic survey

土石成分调查survey of soil and rock

composition

土石物理力学性质physical and mechanical

properties of soil and rock

土石分类classificaion of soil and rock

地基承载力bearing capacity of foundation;

bearing capacity of ground; bearing of

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subgrade

隧道围岩分级classification of tunnel surrounding rock

地质图测绘survey and drawing of geological map; surveying and sketching of geological map

勘探exploration; prospecting

挖探excavation prospecting

钻探boring; exploration drilling

物探geophysical prospecting

室内测试indoor test; laboratory test

原位测试in situ test

静力触探static sounding; static probing; cone penetration test

动力触探试验dynamic penetration test

标准贯入试验standard penetration test

区域地质regional geology

工程地质engineering geology

不良地质unfavorable geology

特殊地质special geology

工程地质条件engineering geologic; requirement; engineering geologic condition 气象资料meteorological data

冻结深度freezing depth

地震基本烈度basic intensity of earthquake; seismic basic intensity

工程地质图engineering geological map

地层柱状图column diagram of stratum; graphic logs of strata; drill log of stratum

洪水调查flood survey

河道调查river course survey

冰凌调查ice floe survey; frazil ice survey

汇水区流域特征调查survey of catchment basin characteristics

水文断面hydrologic sectional drawing; dydrologic section; hydrologic cross-section

主河槽main river channel

设计流速design current velocity

设计高程；设计标高design elevation

河流比降slope of river; comparable horizon of river

历史洪水位historic flood level

最高水位highest water level; HWL

通航水位navigation water level; NWL

桥涵水文hydrology of bridge and culvert

水利半径hydraulic radius

桥前壅水高度backwater height in front of bridge; top water level in front of bridge

桥渡勘测设计survey and design of bridge crossing

水面坡度slope of water surface

水文测量hydrological survey

泥石流流域catchment basin of debris flow 分水岭watershed; dividing ridge

汇水面积catchment area; water collecting area; drainage area

洪水频率flood frequency

设计流量design discharge

设计水位design water level

施工水位construction level; construction water level; working water level

设计洪水过程线designed flood hydrograph 容许冲刷allowable scour

一般冲刷general scour

局部冲刷local scour; partial scour

铁路测量railway survey

线路踏勘；草测route reconnaissance

初测preliminary survey

定测location survey; alignment; final location survey

导线测量traversing; traverse survey

光电导线photoelectric traverse

地形测量topographical survey

横断面测量cross leveling; cross-section survey; cross-section leveling

线路测量route survey; profile survey; longitudinal survey

既有线测量；旧线测量survey of existing railway

线路复测repetition survey of existing railway; resurvey of existing railway

测量精度survey precision; precision of

survey

均方差；中误差mean square error

最大误差；极限误差maximum error;

limiting error

中线测量center line survey

中线桩center line stake

加桩additional stake; plus stake

外移桩shift out stake; stake outward; offset

stake

水准点高程测量benchmark leveling

中桩高程测量；中平center stake leveling

曲线控制点curve control point

放线setting-out of route; lay out of route

交点intersection point

副交点auxiliary intersection point

转向角deflection angle

分转向角auxiliary deflection angle

坐标方位角plane-coordinate azimuth

象限角quadrantal angle

经纬距plane rectangular coordinate

断链broken chain

投影断链projection of broken chain

断高broken height

铁路航空摄影测量；铁路航测railway aerial

photogrammetry

铁路航空勘测railway aerial surveying

航带设计flight strip design; design of flight

strip

铁路工程地质遥感remote sensing of railway

engineering geology

测段segment of survey

航测选线aerial surveying alignment

航测外控点field control point of

aerophotogrammetry

全球定位系统global positioning system;

GPS

像片索引图index of photography

三角测量trigonometric survey; triangulation

精密导线测量precise traverse survey;

accurate traverse survey

三角高程测量trigonometric leveling

隧道洞外控制测量ouside tunnel control

survey

隧道洞内控制测量in tunnel control survey;

through survey

隧道洞口投点horizontal point of tunnel

portal; geodetic control point of portal location

of adit

桥轴线测量survey of bridge axis

铁路选线railway location; approximate

railway location; location of railway route

selection

平原地区选线location in plain region; plain

location

越岭选线location of mountain line; location

of line in mountain region; location over

mountain

山区河谷选线mountain and valley region

location; location of line of in mountain and

valley region

丘陵地段选线hilly land location; location of

line on hilly land

工程地质选线engineering geoligic location

of line

线间距distance between centers of tracks;

midway between tracks

车站分布distribution of stations

方案比选scheme comparison; route

alternative

投资回收期repayment period of capital cost

纸上定线paper location of line

缓坡地段section of easy grade; section of

gentle slope

紧坡地段section of sufficient grade

非紧坡地段section of unsufficient grade;

section fo insufficient grade

导向线leading line; alignment guiding line

拔起高度；克服高度height of lifting; lifting

height; ascent of elevation

横断面选线cross-section method of railway

location; location with cross-section method;

cross-section method for location of line

展线extension of line; development of line;

line development

展线系数coefficient of extension line;

coefficient of development line

套线overlapping line

线路平面图track plan; line plan

线路纵断面图track profile; line profile

站坪长度length of station site

站坪坡度grade of station site

控制区间control section; controlling section

最小曲线半径minimum radius of curve

圆曲线circular curve

单曲线simple curve

缓和曲线transition curve; easement curve;

spiral transition curve

缓和曲线半截变更率rate of easement

curvature; rate of transition curve

复曲线compound curve

同向曲线curves of same sense; adjacent

curves in one direction

反向曲线reverse curve; curve of opposite

sense

夹直线intermediate straight line; tangent

between curves

坡度grade; gradient; slope

人字坡double spur grade

限制坡度ruling grade; limiting grade

加力牵引坡度pusher grade; assisting grade

最大坡度maximum grade

临界坡度critical grade

长大坡度long steep grade; long heavy grade

动力坡度momentum grade

均衡坡度balanced grade

有害地段harmful district

无害地段harmless district

变坡点point of gradient change; breake in

grade

坡段grade section

坡段长度length of grade section

坡度差algebraic difference between adjacent

gradients

竖曲线vertical curve

分坡平段level stretch between opposite sign

gradient

缓和坡度slight grade; flat grade; easy grade

起动缓坡flat gradient for starting

加速缓坡easy gradient for acceleration;

accelerating grade

坡度折减compensation of gradient; gradient

compensation; grade compensation

曲线折减compensation of curve; curve

compesation

隧道坡度折减compensation of gradient in

tunnel; compensation grade in tunnel

绕行地段detouring section; round section

换侧；换边change side of double line

容许应力设计法allowable stress design

method

破损阶段设计法plastic stage design method

极限状态设计法limit state design method

概率极限状态设计法；可靠度设计法

probabilisatic limit state design method

地震系数法seismic coefficient method

路基subgrade; road bed; formation subgrade

岩石路基rock subgrade

渗水土路基permeable soil subgrade;

pervious embankment

非渗水土路基non-permeable soil subgrade;

impervious embankment

特殊土路基subgrade of special soil

软土地区路基subgrade in soft soil zone;

subgrade in soft; clay region

泥沼地区路基subgrade in bog zone;

subgrade in morass region; subgrade in

swampland

膨胀土地区路基；裂土地区路基subgrade in

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swelling soil zone; subgrade in expansive soil region

盐渍土地区路基subgrade in salty soil zone; subgrade in saline soil region

多年冻土路基subgrade in permafrost soil zone

特殊条件下的路基subgrade under special condition

河滩路堤embankment on plain river beach 滨河路堤embankment on river bank

水库路基subgrade in reservoir; embankment crossing reservoir

崩塌地段路基subgrade in rock fall district; subgrade in collapse zone

岩堆地段路基subgrade in rock deposit zone; subgrade in talus zone; subgrade in scree zone 滑坡地段路基subgrade in slide

岩溶地段路基；喀斯特地段路基subgrade in karst zone

洞穴地段路基subgrade in cavity zone; subgrade in cavern zone

风沙地段路基subgrade in windy and sandy zone; subgrade in desert

雪害地段路基subgrade in snow damage zone; subgrade in snow disaster zone

泥石流地段路基subgrade in debris flow zone

路基横断面subgrade cross-section

路基面subgrade surface; formation

路基面宽度width of the subgrade surface; formation width

路拱road crown; subgrade crown

路肩Road shoulder; subgrade shoulder

路肩高程formation level; shoulder level

路堤embankment; fill

路堑cut; road; cutting

半堤半堑part-cut and part-fill section; cut and fill section

基床subgrade bed; formation

基床表层surface layer of subgrade bed; formation top layer; surface layer of subgrade 基床表层bottom layer of subgrade; formation base layer; bottom layer of subgrade bed

一般路基general subgrade; ordinary subgrade

最小填筑高度minimum fill height of subgrade; minimum height of fill

临界高度critical height

基底foundation base; base

路堤边坡side slope of embankment; fill slope talus

坡脚toe of side slope

护道berm

取土坑borrow pit

路堤填料embankment fill material; embankment filler; filling material of embankment

填料分类classification of filling material

岩块填料rock block filler; rock filler; rock fill

粗粒土填料coarse-grained soil filler; coarse-grained soil fill

细粒土填料fine-grained soil filler; fine-grained soil fill

压实标准compacting criteria

相对密度relative density

压实系数compacting factor; compacting coefficient

最佳含水量optimum moisture content; best moisture content

最佳密度optimum density; best density

核子密度湿度测定determination of nuclear density-moisture

路基承载板测定determination of bearing slab of subgrade

预留沉落量reserve settlement; settlement allowance

反压护道berm with superloading; berm for back pressure; counter swelling berm 石灰砂桩lime sand pile

换土change soil; soil replacement

爆破排淤blasting discharging sedimentation;

silt arresting by explosion; discharge of

sedimentation by blasting

抛石挤淤throwing stones to packing

sedimentation; packing sedimentation by

throwing stones; packing up sedimentation by

dumping stones

路堑石方爆破rock cutting blasting; rock

blasting in cut

定向爆破directional blasting

浅孔爆破shallow hole blasting

深孔爆破deep hole blasting

洞室药包爆破chamber explosive package

blasting; chamher blasting

扬弃爆破abandoned blasting; abandonment

blasting

抛掷爆破pin-point blasting

松动爆破blasting for loosening rock

药壶爆破pot hole blasting

裸露腰包爆破adobe blasting; contact

blasting

路堑边坡cutting slope; side slope of cut

堑顶top of cutting slope; top of cutting

路堑平台platform of cutting; berm in cutting

弃土堆waste bank; bankette; spoil bank

挡土墙retaining wall

重力式挡土墙gravity retaining wall

衡重式挡土墙balance weight retaining wall;

gravity retaining wall with relieving platform;

balanced type retaining wall

锚定板挡土墙anchored retaining wall by tie

rods; anchored bulkhead retaining wall;

anchored plate retaining wall

加筋土挡土墙reinforced earth retaining wall;

reinforced soil retaining wall

锚杆挡墙anchored bolt retaining wall;

anchoraged retaining wall by tie rods

管柱挡墙cylindrical shaft retaining wall

沉井挡墙caisson retaining wall

抗滑桩anti-slide pile; counter-sliding pile

护墙guard wall

护坡slope protection; revertment; pitching

排水沟weep drain; drainage ditch; drain

ditch

边沟；侧沟side ditch

天沟gutter; overhead ditch; intercepting ditch

吊沟suspended ditch

跌水hydraulic drop

截水沟intercepting ditch; catch-drain

急流槽chute

排水槽drainage channel

渗水暗沟blind drain

渗水隧洞leak tunnel; permeable tunnel;

drainage tunnel

渗井leaching well; seepage well

渗管leaky pipe

平孔排水horizontal hole drainage

反滤层reverse filtration layer; inverted filter;

protective filter

检查井inspection well; manhole

砂井；排水砂井sand drain

隔断层insulating course; insulating layer

透水路堤pervious embankment; permeable

embankment

渗水路堤immerseable embankment

排水砂垫层sand filled drainage layer;

drainage sand blanker

坡面防护slope protection

护岸revetment; shore protection

导流堤diversion dike

拦石墙stone cut off wall; stone falling wall;

buttree

落石槽stone falling channel; trough for

catching falling rocks

柴排firewood raft; mattress; willow fascine

固沙造林stabilization for sands by

afforestation

挡风墙wind-break wall

防风栅栏wind break fence

砂土液化sand liquefaction

中-活载CR-live loading; China railway

standard loading

桥梁标准活载standard live load for bridge

桥梁荷载谱bridge load spectrum

换算均布活载equivalent uniform live load

设计荷载design load

主力principal load

恒载dead load

土压力earth load

静水压力hydrostatic pressure

浮力buoyancy

列车活载live load of train

列车离心力centrifugal force of train

列车冲击力；冲击荷载impact force of train

冲击系数ceofficient of impact

人行道荷载sidewalk loading

附加力subsidiary load; secondary load

列车制动力braking force of train

列车牵引力tractive force of train

风荷载wind load

列车横向摇摆力lateral swaying force of

train

流水压力pressure of water flow

冰压力ice pressure

冻胀力frost heaving force

特殊荷载particular load

船只或排筏的撞击力collision force of ship

or raft

地震力seismic force

地震烈度earthquake intensity

地震震级earthquake magnitude

施工荷载constructional loading

荷载组合loading conbination

铁路桥railway bridge

公铁两用桥combined bridge; combined

highway and railway bridge; combined

rail-cum-road bridge

跨线桥；立交桥overpass bridge; grade

separation bridge; flyover

高架桥viaduct

旱桥dry bridge

人行桥foot bridge; pedestrian bridge

圬工桥masonry bridge

钢桥steel bridge

铆接钢桥riveted steel bridge

栓焊钢桥bolted and welded steel bridge

全焊钢桥all welded steel bridge

摩擦结合式高强度螺栓high strength

friction grip bolt

扭剪式高强度螺栓torshear type high

strength blot

螺栓示功扳手bolt wrench with indicator

混凝土桥concrete bridge

钢筋混凝土桥reinforced concrete bridge

预应力混凝土桥prestressed concrete bridge

先张法预应力梁pretensioned prestressed

concrete girder

后张法预应力梁post-tensioned prestressed

concrete girder

部分预应力混凝土桥partially prestressed

concrete bridge

结合梁桥composite beam bridge

低高度梁shallow girder

无碴无枕梁girder without ballast and sleeper

型钢混凝土梁；劲性骨架混凝土梁girder

with rolled steel section encased in concrete;

skeleton reinforced concrete girder

简支梁桥simply supported beam bridge

连续梁桥continuous beam bridge

悬臂梁桥cantilever beam bridge

板桥slab bridge

空心板桥hollow slab bridge

板梁plate girder

工形梁I-beam

箱形梁box girder

槽形梁trough girder

桁架truss

拆装式桁架demountable truss

3 / 37

刚架桥；刚构桥rigid frame bridge

斜腿刚架桥；斜腿刚构桥strutted beam bridge; slant-legged rigid frame bridge

悬板桥；悬带桥stressed ribbon bridge

悬索桥；吊桥suspension bridge

斜拉桥cable-stayed bridge

浮桥pontoon bridge; floating bridge; bateau bridge

拱桥arch bridge

固端拱；无铰拱fixed-end arch

双铰拱two-hinged arch

三铰拱three-hinged arch

实腹拱spandrel-filled arch; solid-spandrel arch

空腹拱open-spandrel arch

双曲拱two-way curved arch; cross-curved arch

系杆拱；柔性系杆刚性拱tied arch

榔格尔式桥；刚性系杆柔性拱桥Langer bridge; flexible arch bridge with rigid tie

洛泽式桥；直悬杆式刚性拱刚性梁桥Lohse bridge; rigid arch bridge with rigid tie and vertical sespenders

尼尔森桥Nielsen systen bridge

尼尔森式骆泽梁桥；斜悬杆式刚性拱梁桥Nielsen type Lhse bridge；rigid arch bridge with fighd tie and inclined suspenders

活动桥movable bridge

竖旋桥bascule bridge

平旋桥swing bridge

升降桥lift bridge

正交桥right bridge

斜交桥skew bridge

曲线桥curved bridge

曲梁curved beam

特大桥super maior bridge

大桥major bridge

中桥medium bridge

小桥minor bridge

单线桥single track bridge

双线桥double track bridge

多线桥multi-track bridge

正桥; 主桥main bridge

引桥approach spans

上承式桥deck bridge

半穿式桥；中承式half through bridge; midheight deck bridge

下承式桥through bridge

双层桥double-deck bridge

永久性桥permanent bridge

临时性桥；便桥temporary bridge

跨径；跨度span

净跨clear spam

桥梁全长overall length of bridge

桥下净空underneath clearance

主梁中心距center to center distance between main girder

节间长度panel length

梁高depth of girder

拱度camber

挠度deflection

节间panel

锚跨；锚孔anchor span

悬跨；吊孔suspended span

桥梁上部结构superstructure

腹板web plate

翼缘flange

翼缘板flange plate

弦杆chord member

腹杆web member

斜杆diagonal member

竖杆vertical member

吊杆suspender hanger

加劲杆stiffener

节点panel point

节点板gusset plate

拼接板splice plate

缀条lacing bar

缀板stay plate; tie plate

侧向水平联结系lateral bracing 横联sway bracing

制动撑架braking bracing

桥门架portal frame

纵梁stringer

横梁floor beam; transverse beam

桥面系floor system

端横梁end floor beam

起重横梁jacking floor beam

梁端缓冲梁auxiliary girder for controlling

angle change

应变时效strain ageing

碳当量carbon equivalent

钢丝steel wire

钢丝束bundled steel wires

钢绞线steel strand

钢筋reinforcement; steel bar

箍筋stirrup

纵向钢筋longitudinal reinforcement

弯起钢筋bent-up bar

架立钢筋erection bar

构造钢筋constructional reinforcement

预应力筋tendon

套管sheath

梁腋haunch

拱圈arch ring

拱肋arch rib

拱顶rach crown

拱矢rise of arch

起拱点springing

拱腹soffit

拱腹线intrados

拱背钱extrados

桥塔bridge tower; pylon

索平面cable plane

缆索cable

斜缆stay cable; inclined cable

吊缆suspension cable

索鞍cable saddle

索夹cable band; cable clamp

锚座socket

锚碇anchorage

明桥面open deck; ballastless deck; open

floor

桥梁道碴槽ballast trough

道碴桥面ballasted deck; ballasted floor

桥梁护轨guard rall of bridge

桥梁护木guard timber of bridge

桥枕bridge tie; bridge sleeper

桥上人行道sidewalk on bridge

步行板foot plank

避车台refuge platform

伸缩缝expansion joint

正交异性板orthotropic plate

栏杆railing; handrail; handrailing

泻水孔drainage opening

直结轨道track fastened directly to steel

girders

抗剪连接件；抗剪结合件shear connector

支座bearing

固定支座fixed bearing

活动支座expension bearing; movable

bearing

平板支座plate bearing

摇轴芝座rocker bearing

滚轴支座roller bearing

球面支座spherical bearing

板式橡胶支座laminated rubber bearing

盆式橡胶支座pot rubber bearing

聚四氯乙烯支座poly-tetrafluoroedthylene

bearing; PTFE bearing

涡流激振wortex-excited oscillation

弛振galloping

颤振flutter

扰流板spoiler

风嘴wind fairing

桥梁自振周期natural vibration period of

bridge

浮运架桥法bridge erection by floating

架桥机架设法erection by bridge girder

erecting equipment

顶推式架设法erection by incremental

launching

拖拉架设法launching method

赝架式架设法erection with scaffolding

悬臂架设法catilever erection; erection by

protrusion

悬臂灌注法cast-in-place cantilever

construction；free cantilever segmental

concreting with suspended formwork

悬臂拼装法cantilevered assembling

constrution; free cantilever erection with

segments of precast concrete

预制混凝土构件precast concrete units;

precast concrete members

活动模架逐跨施工法segmental

span-by-span construction using form traveller

桥梁合龙closure

就地贯注法cast-in-place method; cast-in-situ

method

活动吊篮travelling cradle

顶进法jack-in method

旋转法施工；转体施工erection by swing

method

液压式张拉千斤顶hydraulic tensioning jack

桥梁下部结构substructure

桥台abutment

重力式桥台gravity abutment

埋置式桥台buried abutment

锚定板式桥台anchor slab abutment

U形桥台U-shaped abutment

耳墙式桥台abutment with cantilevered

retaining wall

台身abutment body

前墙front wall

台帽abutment coping

翼墙wing wall

锥体护坡quadrant revetment; truncated cone

banking

台后填方filling behind abutment

桥墩pier

空心桥墩hollow pier

实体桥墩solid pier

重力式桥墩gravity pier

柔性桥墩flexible pier

拼装式桥墩assembly pier; pier constructed

with precast units

制动墩braking pier

柱式桥墩column pier

V形桥墩V-shaped pier

圆端形桥墩round-ended pier

圆形桥墩circular pier

矩形桥墩rectangular pier

排架式桥墩pile bent pier

墩身pier body; pier shaft

墩帽pier coping

围栏railing around coping of pier or

abutment

承台bearing platform

破冰体ice apron; ice-breaking cutwater; ice

guard

地基foundation; foundation soil; subgrade

加固地基improved foundation; improved

ground

天然地基natural foundation; natural ground

桥梁基础bridge foundation

扩大基础spread foundation

明挖基础open-cut foundation; open

excavation foundation

沉井基础open caisson foundation

浮式沉井基础floating caisson foundation

沉井刃脚cutting edge of open caisson

围堰cofferdam

双壁钢围堰钻孔基础double wall steel

cofferdam bored foundation

预制钢壳钻孔基础prefabricated steel shell

bored foundation

泥浆套沉井法slurry jacket method for

sinking caisson

空气幕沉井法air curtain method for sinking

caisson

4 / 37

沉箱基础pneumatic caisson foundation

管柱基础tubular column foundation

桩基础pile foundation

预制桩precast pile

就地灌注桩cast-in-place concrete pile; cast-in-situ concrete pile

螺旋喷射桩auger injected pile

摩擦桩friction pile

支承桩bearing pile

钻孔桩bored pile

挖孔桩dug pile

钢桩steel pile

钢管桩steel pipe pile

钢板桩steel sheet pile

板桩sheet pile

木桩timber pile

钢筋混凝土桩reinforced concrete pile

砂桩sand pile

挤密砂桩sand compaction pile

流砂quick sand; drift sand

送桩pile follower

试桩test pile

斜桩batter pile; raking pile; spur pile

护筒pile casting

重锤夯实法heavy tamping method

灰土换填夯实法method of lime-soil replacement and tamping

灌注水下混凝土underwater concreting; concreting with tremie method

导流建筑物regulating structure

丁坝；挑水坝spur dike

顺坝longitudinal dam

河床铺砌river bed paving

码头wharf

排架bent

脚手架scaffold

悬空脚手架hanging stage; hanging scaffold 铁路涵洞railway culvert

涵洞孔径aperture of culvert

管涵pipe culvert

箱涵box culvert

拱涵arch culvert

盖板涵slab culvert

无压力涵洞inlet unsubmerged culvert

压力式涵洞outlet submerged culvert

半压力式涵洞inlet submerged culvert

明渠open channel; open ditch; open drain

倒虹吸管inverted siphon

潮汐河流tidal river

淤积silting; siltation

流冰ice drift

铁路轮渡railway car ferries

轮渡站ferry station

轮渡栈桥ferry trestle bridge

渡轮ferry boat

轮渡引线；轮渡斜引道ferry slip

铁路隧道railway tunnel

山岭隧道mountain tunnel

越岭隧道over mountain line tunnel

水下隧道；水地隧道subaqueous tunnel; underwater tunnel

地铁隧道subway tunnel; underground railway tunnel

浅埋隧道shallow tunnel; shallow-depth tunnel; shallow burying tunnel

深埋隧道deep tunnel; deep-depth tunnel; deep burying tunnel

单线隧道single track tunnel

双线隧道double track tunnel

多线隧道multiple track tunnel

车站隧道station tunnel

地铁车站subway station; metro station

特长隧道super long tunnel

长隧道long tunnel

中长隧道medium tunnel

短隧道short tunnel

隧道群tunnel group

地铁工程subway engineering; metro engineering

洞口tunnel adit; tunnel opening 隧道进口tunnel entrance

隧道出口tunnel exit

迎坡；正面坡front slope

洞门tunnel portal

洞门框tunnel portal frame

端墙式洞门end wall tunnel portal

柱式洞门post tunnel portal

翼墙式洞门wing wall tunnel portal

耳墙式洞门ear wall tunnel portal

台阶式洞门bench tunnel portal

正洞门orthonormal tunnel portal; straight

tunnel portal

斜洞门skew tunnel portal

明洞门open-cut-tunnel portal; gallery portal

衬砌lining

拱圈arch

边墙side wall

仰拱invert; inverted arch

底板floor

整体式衬砌integral lining

装配式衬砌precast lining; prefabricated

lining

模筑衬砌moulded lining

洞口段衬砌lining of tunnel portal section

偏压衬砌unsymmetrically loading lining;

eccentrically compressed lining

组合衬砌；复合衬砌composite lining

初期支护primary support

二次衬砌secondary lining

隔离层isolation layer

喷锚衬砌shorcrete bolt lining

下锚段衬砌；接触网锚段衬砌anchor-section

lining

挤压混凝土衬砌extruding concrete tunnel

lining

隔热层thermal insulation layer

明洞open-cut tunnel; tunnel without cover;

gallery

拱形明洞arch open cut tunnel; arch tunnel

without cover; arch gallery

棚洞shed tunnel; shed gallery

路堑式明洞cut-type open cut tunnel;

cut-type tunnel without cover; cut-type gallery

半路堑式明洞part cut-type open cut tunnel;

part cut-type tunnel without cover; part

cut-type gallery

抗滑明洞anti-skid-type open cut tunnel;

anti-skid-type tunnel without cover;

anti-skid-type gallery

盖板式棚洞slab shed tunnel; slab shed

gallery

刚架式棚洞framed shed tunnel; framed shed

gallery

悬臂式棚洞cantilever shed tunnel; cantilever

shed gallery

隧道专家系统expert system of tunnel

围岩surrounding rock

围岩压力pressure of surrounding rock

地层压力ground pressure; stratum pressure

松弛压力relaxation pressure

形变压力deformation pressure

围岩自承能力self-supporting capacity of

surrounding rock

坑道自稳时间self-stabilization time of

tunnel

弹性抗力elastic resistance

灌浆压力grouting pressure

落石冲击力impact force of falling stone

隧道埋置深度；埋深buried depth of tunnel

地温梯度geothermal gradient

地应力crustal stress

预留变形量deformation allowance

暗挖法subsurface excavation method

明挖法open-cut method

矿山法mining method; mine tunneling

method

钻眼爆破法drilling and blasting method

新奥法New Austrian Tunnelling Method;

NATM

喷锚构筑法shotcrete-bolt construction

method

掘进机法tunnel boring machine method

盾构法shield method

沉管法immersed tunnelling method

地下连续墙法underground diaphragm wall

method; underground wall method; diaphragm

wall method

全断面开挖法full-face tunnelling method

分部开挖法partial excavation method

台阶法benching tunnelling method

正台阶法positive benching tunnelling

method

反台阶法negative benching tunnelling

method

导坑heading

上下导坑法top and bottom heading method

上导坑法top-heading method

漏斗棚架法hopper-shed support tunnelling

method

蘑菇形开挖法mushroom-type tunnelling

method

侧壁导坑法side heading method

单侧导坑法single side heading method

双侧导坑法twin-side heading method

品字形导坑法top and twin-side bottom

heading method

眼睛式开挖法spectacles type tunnelling

method

超前导坑advance heading

扩大enlargement

拉槽pull trough; trench excavated

马口excavation of side wall at intervals

控制爆破controlled blasting

光面爆破smooth blasting

预裂爆破presplit blasting

先墙后拱法side wall first lining method

先拱后墙法arch first lining method; flying

arch method

开挖工作面excavated surface; excavated

work face

超挖overbreak

欠挖underbreak

找顶top cleaning

出碴mucking and removing

有轨运输track transportation

无规运输trackless transportation

拱圈封顶closing the top of lining

墙顶封口seal; seal at the top of wall

喷射混凝土回弹rebound of shotcrete

隧道贯通tunnel holing-through

隧道贯通误差tunnel through error

隧道贯通面tunnel through plane

临时支护temporary support

构件支撑member support

钢拱支撑steel arch support

喷射混凝土支护shotcrete support

锚杆支护anchor bolt support

喷锚支护shotcrete and rock bolt support

系统锚杆system anchor bolt

超前支护advance support

超前锚杆advance anchor bolt

插板支护inserting plate support; forepoling

小导管预注浆pre-grouting with small duct

管棚支护pipe-shed support; pipe roofing

support

格构拱；钢花拱；格棚拱trellis arch; lattice

arch

喷射混凝土shotcrete; spray concrete

干喷混凝土dry shotcreting

湿喷混凝土wet shotcreting

潮喷混凝土；半湿喷混凝土half set

shotcreting

喷射钢纤维混凝土steel fiber shotcrete; steel

fiber reinforced shotcrete

防水混凝土waterproof concrete

预切槽precutting trough

辅助坑道service gallery

竖井shaft

斜井inclined shaft

横洞transverse gallery

5 / 37

平行导坑parallel heading

横通道transverse passage-way

调查坑道investigation gallery; survey tunnel 竖井联系测量shaft connection survey

隧道防水waterproofing of tunnel

防水等级classification of waterproof

防水层waterproof layer

防水板waterproof board; waterproof sheet

防水涂层waterproofing coating

隧道压浆pressure grouting of tunnel

止水带water stop tie

盲沟blind ditch

泻水洞drain cavern; drain tunnel

隧道运营通风permanent ventilation of tunnel

自然通风natural ventilation

机械通风mechanical ventilation

风道式通风ventilation by air passage

隧道通风帘幕ventilation curtain

列车活塞作用piston action of train

隧道射流式通风tunnel efflux ventilation; tunnel injector type ventilation

隧道通风试验tunnel ventilation test

隧道施工通风construction ventilation of tunnel

风管式通风ventilation by pipes

巷道式通风ventilation by ducts

隧道照明tunnel illumination; tunnel lighting 隧道防灾设施tunnel anti-disaster equipment 避车洞refuge hole; refuge recess; refuge niche

隧道火灾tunnel fire hazard

隧道报警装置tunnel warning equipment

隧道消防系统tunnel fire-fighting system

隧道瓦斯爆炸tunnel gas explosion

隧道监控量测tunnel monitoring measurement

隧道地表沉降tunnel ground subsidence

隧道拱顶下沉tunnel arch top settlement

隧道底鼓tunnel floor heave

隧道周边位移tunnel perimeter deflection

隧道地中位移tunnel surrounding mass deflection

隧道改建tunnel reconstruction

隧道落底under cut of tunnel

隧道挑顶top picking of tunnel

隧道套拱cover arch of tunnel

施工调查construction investigation

施工准备construction preparation

征地expropriation

拆迁removing

租地rented land

交接桩delivery-receiving stake

施工复测construction repetition; repetitive survey; construction repetition survey

测量放样staking out in survey

土石方调配cut-fill transition

土石方体积图；土积图volume diagram of earth-rock work

隐蔽工程hidden project; hidden construction work

废弃工程abandoned project; abandoned construction work

工程运输engineering transportation

冬季施工cold weather construction; winter season construction

雨季施工raining season construction; rainy season construction

工程招标calling for tenders of project; calling for tending of project

工程投标bidding for project

工程报价project quoted price

工程发包contracting out of project

工程承包contracting of project

工程监理supervision of construction; supervision of project

总预算total budget

单项预算individual budget

建筑业总产值total output of building industry 指导性施工组织设计design for guiding

construction organization; guiding design for

construction scheme

实施性施工组织设计design for practical

construction organization; practical design for

construction scheme; operative construction

organization design

临时工程temporary project

大型临时工程large-scale temporary project

小型临时工程small-scale temporary project

过渡工程transition project

控制工程dominant project

关键工程key project

辅助设施auxiliary facilities

通车期限time limit for opening to traffic

施工总工期total time of construction; total

construction time

施工组织方案construction scheme

开工报告report on starting of construction

work; commencement report of construction

work; construction starting report

竣工报告completion report of construction

work

施工计划管理planned management of

construction

网络计划技术network planning technique

施工工艺流程construction technology

process; construction process

工法制度construction method system

施工产值construction output value

施工利润construction profit

施工机械利用率utilization ratio of

construction machinery

施工机械完好率ratio of construction

machinery in good condition

施工形象进度construction figure progress;

figurative progress of construction work

挖掘机excavating machine; excavator

单斗挖土机power shovel

索铲挖土机dragline

反铲挖土机backhoe

蛤壳式抓斗clamshell bucket

推土机bulldozer

铲运机scoper; scraper; carrying scraper

装载机loader

带式输送机belt conveyer

平地机grader

振动碾压机vibration compactor vibration

roller

压路机roller

潜孔钻机diving drill

凿岩机air hammer drill; rock drill

碎石机crusher

挖沟机trench cutting machine; trenching

machine; trencher

塔式起重机tower crane; column crane

汽车式起重机automobile crane; autocrane;

truck crane

轮胎式起重机rubber tired crane;

rough-terrain crane

履带式起重机crawler crane; caterpillar

crane

轨道起重机track crane; rail crane

浮式起重机；浮吊floating crane

缆索起重机cable crane

空中索道aerial ropeway

电动卷扬机electric winch

电动吊车；电动葫芦electric hoist

千斤顶jack

打桩机pile driver

蒸汽打桩机steam pile driver; steam pile

hammer

柴油打桩机diesel pile driver

液压打桩机hydraulic pile driver

振动打桩机vibrating pile driver; vibratory

driver

振动沉拨桩机vibro-driver extractor

静压力拨桩机static pressure pile extractor;

static pressure pile drawing machine

履带式桩架crawler pile frame

旋转式钻机swiveling drill machine; rotary

drill machine

灌水钻机diving drill machine

套管钻机drill machine with casting

冲击式钻机impact-type drill machine;

percussion type drill machine

离心水泵centrifugal pump

真空水泵vacuum pump

深井水泵deep well pump

轴流水泵axial flow pump

清水泵driving pump

往复式空气压缩机reciprocating compressor

螺杆式空气压缩机screw compressor

单转子滑片式空压机single rotary

compressor

水泥输送泵cement pump

混凝土搅拌机concrete mixer

鼓筒式混凝土搅拌机drum concrete mixer

锥形反转出料混凝土搅拌机tapered reverse

tilting concrete mixer

锥形倾翻出料混凝土搅拌机tapered tilting

concrete mixer

强制式混凝土搅拌机forced concrete mixer

混凝土搅拌楼concrete mixing plant

简易混凝土搅拌站simple concrete mixing

plant

混凝土搅拌运输车concrete mixing and

transporting car; truck mixer; transit mixer

混凝土输送泵concrete pump

混凝土泵车concrete pump truck

混凝土吊斗concrete lifting bucket

钢筋调直机bar straightener

钢筋切断机bar cutter

钢筋弯曲机bar bender

钢筋冷拉机bar cold-drawing machine

插入式混凝土振捣器immersion type

vibrator for concrete

附着式混凝土振捣器attached type vibrator

for concrete; attached type vibrator

平板式混凝土振捣器plate vibrator

混凝土振动台concrete vibrating stand

长线张拉台座stretching bed for longline

production

斜撑桅杆式架梁起重机cross stay derrick

girder erecting machine

全回转式架梁起重机full circle girder

erecting crane

双悬臂式架桥机double cantilever

girder-erecting machine

单梁式架桥机single beam girder-erecting

machine

双梁式架桥机double beam girder-erecting

machine

组拼式架桥机assembly type girder-erecting

machine

造桥机bridge fabrication machine

工程船舶engineering ship; engineering

vessel

舟桥bateau bridge

浮箱floating box; pontoon

万能杆件fabricated universal steel members

模板form

组合钢模板combined steel formwork

滑动模板slip form

爬升模板climbing shuttering

砌拱支架；碗扣式脚手架soffit scaffolding

风镐air pick; pneumatic pick

凿岩台车；钻孔台车rock drilling jumbo

立爪式装岩机vertical claw rock loader

蟹爪式装岩机crab rock loader

梭式矿车shutter car

槽式列车bunker train

电瓶车storage battery car

斗车bucker loader

大型矿车large scale ore car

装岩机rock loader

干喷混凝土机dry shotcreting machine

湿喷混凝土机wet shotcreting machine

半湿喷混凝土机half wet shotcreting

6 / 37

machine

喷射混凝土机械手shotcrete manipulator

风动凿岩机pneumatic rock drill

手持式凿岩机portable rock drill; jack hammer

注浆机grouting machine; grouter

注浆泵grouting pump; injection pump

隧道衬砌模板台车working jumbo for tunnel lining; tunnelling shutter jumbo for tunnel lining

隧道掘进机tunnel boring machine; TBM

盾构shield

接触网架线车installation vehicle for contact wire

接触网作业车operation vehicle for contract wire

自卸汽车dumping truck

斗式提升机bucket elevator

安全技术措施safety technical measures

安全教育safety education

事故报告accident report

灾害性地质disaster geology

突泥projecting mud soil

突水gushing water

冒顶roof fall

岩爆rock burst

瓦斯突出gas projection

瓦斯浓度gas density; gas consistency

掏底开挖；挖神仙土cut the vertical earthwork bottom

施工防护construction protection

线路封锁track blockade; closure of track; traffic interruption

防护音响信号protecting acoustic signal

覆盖防护covered protection

近体防护nearby protection

安全标志safety mark; safety symbol; safety indicator

停车防护stopping train protection; standing train protection

安全距离safety distance

人员掩蔽所hiding-place for personnel

待遇所refuge place

安全地点safety place

安全帽safety cap; safety helmet

安全绳safety rope safety strap

安全网safety net

保险带safety belt

安全梯emergency staircase; fire escape

防护栏杆protection railing

安全用电safety in utilizing electric energy

安全电压safety voltage

消防设施fire-fighting equipment

防火门fire protection gate

消防器材fire-fighting apparatus and materials

隔火带fire protection strip

防火净距fire protection distance

瓦斯治理gas control

安全炸药safety explosion; explosive charge; safety explosive

湿式凿岩wet boring for rock; wet drilling for rock

防尘dust prevention; dust control

防滑鞋antiskid shoe

绝缘鞋insulant shoe

防坠器falling protector

阻车器stop device

安全装置safety device; safety equipment

救生设施lifesaving appliance

防雷装置lighting protection device

保护地线protective earth wire

保护接地protective grounding

触电保安器electric shock protector

防爆设施blasting protection facilities

质量管理quality management

质量保证quality assurance

质量控制quality control

质量体系quality system 质量监督quality superintendence; quality

surveillance

工程质量检验inspection of engineering

quality

隐蔽工程检查hidden project inspection

取样试验检查sampling inspection

自测visual measurement; visual observation

丈量measure

仪器检查inspect by instrument

全验overall acceptance

抽验selective acceptance

工程质量评定evaluation of engineering

quality

工程质量验收acceptance of engineering

quality

随工验收acceptance following construction;

follow-up acceptance

中间验收intermediate acceptance

缺陷工程defect project; drawback project

合格工程qualified project

样板工程sample project

优质工程；优良工程high grade project; high

quality project

施工验收delivery-receiving acceptance

工务段track division; track district; track

maintenance division

养路领工区track subdivision; track

maintenance subdivision

养路工区track maintenance section;

permanent way gang

养路领工员track master; track supervisor

养路工长track foreman

养路工trackman; machine operator; track

mechanics

巡道工track walker; track patrolling man

道口看守工grade crossing watchman; level

crossing watchman

桥隧巡守工bridge and tunnel watchman;

bridge and tunnel patrolling man

轨道；线路上部建筑track

轨道类型classification of track; track

standard

轨道结构track structure

有碴轨道ballasted track

无碴轨道ballastless track

线路track; permanent way

有缝线路jointed track

无缝线路continuously welded rail track;

jointless track

长轨线路long welded rail track

轨排track panel; track skeleton

轨节rail link

长轨条long rail string

轨道几何形位track geometry

轨距加宽gauge widening

螺旋曲线spiral curve; clothoid curve

三次抛物线曲线cubic parabola curve

曲线超高superelevation cant; elevation of

curve

欠超高deficient superelevation

过超高surplus superelevation；excess

elevation

反超高reverse superelevation; counter

superelevation; negative superelevation

未本平衡离心加速度unbalanced centrifugal

acceleration

曲线正矢curve versine

轨道力学track mechanics

轨道动力学track dynamics

轨道强度计算track strength analysis

轨道几何状态恶化track deterioration

轨道失效track failure

轨道框架刚度rigidity of track panel

道床系数ballast coefficient; ballast modulus

钢轨基础模量rail supporting modulus ；

track modulus

钢轨支点弹性模量modulus of elasticity of

rail support

轨道应力track stresses

轨道稳定性stability of track

接头阻力joint resistance

道床阻力ballast resistance

扣件扣压力toe load of fastening

轮/轨接触应力rail/wheel contact stress

钢轨rail

轨头rail head

轨腰rail web

轨底rail base; rail bottom

淬火轨head hardened rail ; quenched rail

合金轨alloy steel rail

合金淬火轨head hardened alloy steel rail ；

quenched alloy

耐磨轨wear resistant rail

耐腐蚀轨corrosion resistant rail

标准长度钢轨standard length rail

短轨short rail

缩短轨standardshortened rail ; fabricated

short rail used on curves；sandard curtailed rail

异形轨compromise rail

护轨guard rail; check rail

轨底坡rail cant

钢轨工作边gage line

轨缝；接头缝rail gap；joint gap

构造轨缝structural joint gap ；maximum

joint gap structurally obtainable

钢轨接头rail joint

相对接头opposite joint ；square joint

相错式接头；相互式接头alternate joint ;

staggered joint ; broken joint

垫接接头；承接接头supported joint

悬接接头suspended joint

绝缘接头insulated joint

胶结绝缘接头glued insulated joint

焊接接头welded joint

冻结接头frozen joint

异形接头compromise joint

钢轨伸缩调节器；温度调节器expansion rail

joint; rail expansion device; swith expansion

joint

接头联结零件rail joint accessories ; rail joint

fastenings

接头夹板；鱼尾板joint bar ; splice bar ；fish

plate

平型双头夹板flat joint bar

轨头地面接触夹板；锲型接头夹板head

contact flat joint bar

轨腹上圆弧接触夹板；铰型接头夹板head

free flat joint bar

带裙鱼尾板aproned fish plate; fish plate

with apron

异型接头夹板compromise joint bar

接头螺栓；鱼尾螺栓track blolt ；fish bolt

钩螺栓claw bolt ；hook bolt ；anchor bolt

扣件; 中间联结零件rail fastening

分开式扣件separated rail fastening ; indirect

holding fastening

不分开式扣件nonseparated rail fastening ;

direct holding fastening

半分开式扣件semi-separaed rail fastening ;

mixed holding fastening

弹性扣件elasic rail fastening

道钉；狗头钉；钩头钉track spike ；rail

spike ；dog spike

弹簧道钉elastic rail spike

螺纹道钉screw spike

螺栓螺纹钉bolt-screw spike

硫磺锚固sulphur cement mortar anchor ；

sulphur cement mortar anchorage

垫板tie plate

橡胶垫板；弹性垫板rubber tie plate

衬垫pad

冻害垫板frost heave board；track shim for

frost heaving roadbed ；frost shim

弹簧垫圈spring washer

防爬器anti-creeper; rail anchor

穿销防爬器wedged rail anchor

弹簧防爬器spring rail anchor

防爬支撑anti-creep strut

7 / 37

轨撑rail brace

轨距杆gage tie bar; gage rod ; gage tie

绝缘轨距杆insulated gage rod

轨下基础sub-rail foundation ；sub-rail track bed

轨枕tie; cross tie ; sleeper

宽混凝土轨枕；轨枕板broad concrete tie

纵向轨枕longitudinal tie

板式轨道slab-track

木枕；枕木wooden tie

油枕treated wooden tie

素枕untreated wooden tie

钢枕steel tie

混凝土枕concrete tie

岔枕switch tie ；turnout tie

短枕short tie ；block tie

枕盒crib

道床ballast bed

整体道床solid bed; integrated ballast bed; monolithic concrete bed

沥青道床asphalt cemented ballast bed

道碴层；道碴床ballast layer

道碴ballast

道碴级配ballast grading

洛杉叽磨损实验Los Angeles abrasion test

碎石道碴stone ballast

矿碴道碴slag ballast

卵石道碴gravel ballast

砂道碴sand ballast

底碴subballast

道床厚度thickness of ballast bed；depth of ballast

道床宽度width of ballast bed

道床碴肩shoulder of ballast bed

轮轨游间clearance between wheel flange and gage line

曲线内接inscribed to curves

自由内接free inscribing

强制内接compulsory inscribing

楔形内接wedging inscribing

静力内接static inscribing

动力内接dynamic inscribing

轨道不平顺track irregularity

静态不平顺static track irregularity；irregularity without load

动态不平顺dynamic track irregularity

轨道几何尺寸容许公差track geometry tolerances

轨道变形track deformation；track disorder；track distortion

轨道残余变形track residual deformation；track permanent deformation

弹性挤开gage elastically widened；elastic squeeze-out

轨道水平；左右水平track cross level

轨道方向track alignment

轨道前后高低；前后高低longitudinal level of rail；track profile

三角坑；扭曲twist warp

轨道明坑visile pit of track；visible low spot of track；track depression

轨道暗坑；空吊板loose tie

翻浆冒泥mud-pumping

钢轨低接头depressed joint；battered foint of rail

接头瞎缝closed joint；tight joint

大轨缝excessive joint gap；wide joint gap 线路爬行track creeping

轨道鼓出track buckling

轨头总磨损；轨头总磨耗total wear of rail head

轨头垂直磨损；轨头垂直磨耗vertical wear of rail head

轨头侧面磨损；轨头侧面磨耗side wear of rail head

轨头波形磨损；轨头波浪形磨耗wave-type deformation of rail head

轨头波纹磨损corrugation of rail head；rail corrugation

轨头短波浪磨损short wave undulation of rail head

轨头长波浪磨损long wave undulation of rail

head

轨头马鞍形磨损rail end batter；saddle wear

of rail end

轨头肥边flow of rail head；lipping of rail

head

错牙接头rail ends unevenness in line or

surface

钢轨伤损rail defects and failures

钢轨擦伤engine burn；wheel burn

钢轨锈蚀rail corrosion

白点flake crack；shatter crack；small nucleus

fissure

核伤nucleus flaw；oval flaw

轨头剥离gage line shelly cracks

轨头掉块spalling of rail head

轨头压溃crushing of rail head

轨头垂直劈裂vertical split of rail head

轨头微细波纹detail fracture of rail head

轨端崩裂rail end breakage

钢轨打标记branding & stamping of rails

轨端削角；轨端倒棱rail end chamfering

螺栓孔削角；螺栓孔倒棱bolt hole

chamfering

螺栓孔加强bolt hole cold-working

strenthening

轨头水平劈裂horizontal split of rail head

轨腰劈裂piped rail ；split of rail web

钢轨裂纹rail cracks

轨头发裂head checks ；hair crack of rail

head

轨底崩裂burst of rail base；burst of rail

bottom ; broken rail base

钢轨折断brittle fractures of rail ; sudden

rupture of rail

钢轨落锤试验drop test of rail

螺孔裂纹bolt hole crack

线路大修major repair of reack ; overhaul of

track ；track renewal

线路中修intermediate repair of track

线路维修maintenance of track

找小坑spot surfacing

全面起道捣固out-of-face surfacing

起道raising of track ；track lifting

落道under cutting of track ; lowering of track

垫砂起道measured shovel packing

改道gage correction ；gaging of track

拨道track lining

整正水平adjusting of cross level

整正曲线curve adjusting; curve lining

绳正法整正曲线string lining of curve

绳度整正曲线计算器string lining

computer ；string-line calculator

调整轨缝；均匀轨缝adjusting of rail gaps；

evenly distributing joint gaps

整正规缝dispersal of rail gaps；adjusting

joint gaps up to standard

矫直钢轨staightening of kinked rail

焊修钢轨；堆焊钢轨resurfacing of rail

打磨钢轨rail grinding

轨头整形rail head reprofiling

轨头非对称断面打磨asymmetrical rail head

profile grinding

方正轨枕tie respacing ；squaring of ties

削平木枕tie adzing

修补木枕tie repairing

木枕防腐preservation of wooden tie

木枕预钻孔preboring of wooden tie ;

preboring of spike holes

木枕刻痕incising of wooden tie

枕木塞tie plug

木枕防裂装置anti splitting device

捣固道床ballast tamping

夯实道床ballast ramming ；ballast

consolidating

清筛道床ballast cleaning

整理道床ballast trimming

锁定轨温fastening-down temperature of rail

零应力轨温strss free rail temperature

中和轨温neutral temperature

放散温度力destressing ; stress liberation

温度力temperature stress

温度力峰temperature stress peak

轨道鼓出临界温度critical temperature of

track buckling

伸缩区；呼吸区breathing zone

缓冲区buffer zone; transition zone

固定区nonbreathing zone ；fixd zone ;

deformation -free zone

调节轨buffer rail

气压焊oxyacetylene pressure welding

电阻焊flash butt welding

铝热焊thrmlt welding

周转轨inventory stock

备用轨stock rails per kilometer of track;

emergency rail stored along the way

再用轨second hand rail ；relaying rail

顺坡run-off elevation

作业标志working signal

停车牌red board; stop indicator

慢行牌yellow board ；speed indicator

线路标志road way signs ; permanent

公里标kilometer post

曲线标curve post

坡度标grade post

桥梁标bridge post

隧道标tunnel post

管界标section sign

钢轨位移观测桩rail creep indication posts

鸣笛标whistle board

线路中断line interruption

施工封闭线路line occupation for works

封闭线路作业时间；开天窗作业时间works

occupation time ; working time of closed

sectin

列车空隙作业时间working time between

trains

养路表报maintenance -of-way report and

forms; track work forms

工务设备台帐technical record of track ;

bridge and other equipments

养路管理电脑系统computer aided track

maintenance and management system

线路平剖面图track charts

养路费用maintenance of way expenditures

线路维修规则rules of maintenance of way

轨道养护标准standards of track main

tenance

换算线路长度equibalent track kilometerage

轨检车评分track evaluatin by recording car;

evaluation by track inspection car

轨道质量指数track quality index

平面交叉level crossing

立体交叉grade separation

道囗grade crossing; level crossing

道囗铺面grade crossing pavement ；surface

of grade crossing

道囗平台level stretch of grade crossing

道囗警标warning sign at grade crossing

道囗栏木cross barrier at grade crossing

道囗栅栏side barrier at grade crossing

道囗护桩protective stake atgrade crossing

限界架clearance limit frame

道岔

道岔turnout ；switches and crossings

单开道岔simple turnout ；; lateral turnout

单式对称道岔；双开道岔symmetrical

double curve turnout ；equilateral turnout

单式不对称道岔；不对称双开道岔

unsymmetrical double curve turnout ；

unequilateral turnout

单式同侧道岔unsymmetrical double curve

turnout in the same direction

三开道岔stmmetrical three throw turnout ；

three-way turnout

不对称三开道岔unsymmetrical three-way

turnout ; unsymmetrical three throw tunout

左开道岔left hand turnout

右开道岔right hand turnout

8 / 37

交叉crossing

菱形交叉diamond crossing

直角交叉rectangular crossing ; square crossing

交分道岔slip switch

单式交分道岔single slip switches

复式交分道岔double slip switches

渡线crossover

交叉渡线scissors crossing ；double crossover

平行渡线parallel crossover

梯线ladder track

套线道岔mixed gage turnout

道岔主线main line of turnout ; main track of turnout ；turnout main

道岔侧线branch line of turnout ；branch track of turnout turnout branch

导曲线lead curve

导曲线半径radius of lead curve

导曲线支距offset of lead curve

道岔中心center of turnout

辙叉frog；crossing

辙叉角frog angle

辙叉号数frog number

道岔号数turnout number

道岔始端beginning of turnout

道岔终端end of turnout

尖轨switch rail tongue rail; blade

直线尖轨straight seitch

曲线尖轨curved switch

尖轨理论尖端theoretical point of switch rail 尖轨尖端actual point of switch rail

尖轨跟端heel of swith rail

曲线出岔道岔turnout from curved track

辙叉心轨理论尖端theoretical point of frog 辙叉心轨尖端actual point of frog

辙叉趾端toe end of frog ；frog toe

辙叉跟端heel end of frog; frog heel

道岔基线reference line of turnout

道岔全长total length of turnout

道岔理论长度theoretical length of turnout

道岔实际长度actual length of turnout

道岔理论导程theoretical lead of turnout

道岔前部理论长度front part theoretical legth of turnout

道岔后部理论长度rear part theoretical length of turnout

道岔后部实际长度rear part actual length of turnout

尖轨长度length of switch rail

辙叉趾长toe length of frog

辙叉跟长heel length of frog

辙叉趾宽toe spread of frog

辙叉跟宽heel s[read of frog

尖轨动程throw of switch

护轨与心轨的查照间隔check gage

护背距离guard rail face gage；back gage

辙叉有害空间gap in the frog ；open throat; unguarded flange-way

转辙角switch angle

辙叉咽喉throat of frog

轮缘槽flange-way; flange clearance

转辙器switch

可弯式尖轨转辙器flexible switch

间隔铁式尖轨转辙器loose heel switch

高锰钢整铸辙叉solid manganese steel frog; cast manganese steel frog

钢轨组合辙叉bolred rigid frog; assembled frog

可动心轨辙叉movable-point frog

可动翼轨辙叉movable-wing frog

钝角辙叉obtuse frog

锐角辙叉end frog; acute frog

曲线辙叉curved frog

基本轨stock rail

密贴尖轨closed switch rail; close contact between switch point and stock rail

淬火尖轨surface-hardened switch rail; quenched switch rail

特种断面尖轨special heavy section switch rail; tongue rail made of special section rail;

full-wed section switch rail

翼轨wing rail

心轨point rail; nose rail

道岔护轨turnout guard rail

尖轨护轨switch point guard rail

尖轨保护器switch protector

道岔拉杆switch rod; stretcher bar

道岔连接杆connecting bar; following

stretcher bar

间隔铁filler; spacer block

尖轨补强板reinforcing bar

滑床板slide plate; switch plate

线路机械permanent way machine

线路机具permanent way tool

路基机械subgrade machine; machine for

roadway work

轨道机械track machine

道碴机械ballast machine

捣固机械tamping machine

夯实机械ballast consolidating machine

道碴清筛机械ballast cleaning machine

轨行式装运机械rail-mounted handling and

transportation machine

轨道检测设备track geometry measuring

device

安全防护设备safety protection equipment

线路清理机械permanent way clearing

machine

公铁两用线路机械rail/road permanent way

machine

大型线路机械；重型线路机械heavy

permanent way machine; large permanent way

machine

小型线路机械；轻型线路机械light

permanent way machine ；small permanent

way machine

拨道机track lining machine

拨道器track lining tool

起道机track lifting

起道器rail jack; track jack

起拔道机track lifting and lining machine

起拔道器track lifting and lining tool

钢轨钻孔机rail drilling machine

钢轨钻孔器rail drilling tool

磨轨机rail grinding machine

磨轨车rail grinding car

磨轨列车rail grinding train

轨缝调整器rail gap adjuster ; rail puller

钢轨拉伸器rail tensor

平轨器rail bending tool ; rail bender

钢轨刨边机rail-head edges planing machine

钢轨推凸机rail weld seam shearing machine

钢轨推凸器rail shearing device

机动螺钉；螺栓板手rail screw-bolt power

wrench

地面钢轨凃油器on-track rail lubricator

车载钢轨凃油器on-board rail lubricator

焊轨机rail welding machine

轨枕抽换机tie replacing machine

木枕钻孔机wooden tie drilling machine

打道钉机spike driver

起道钉机spike puller

混凝土枕螺栓钻取机concrete tie dowel

drilling and pulling machine

方枕器tie respacer

木枕削平机wooden sleeper adzing machine

手提电动捣固机；电镐portable electric

tamper; hand electric tamper

手提风动捣固机porable pneumatic tamper

手提内然捣固机portable gasoline-powered

tamper

小型液压捣固机light hydraulic tamping

machine

液压捣固机；液压捣固车hydraulic tamping

machine

自动液压大型捣固车；自动整平；起道拔道

捣固车auto-leveling-lifting-lining-tamping

machine

配碴整形机ballast distributing and

regulating machine

道碴犁ballast plow

扒碴机crib ballast removers

收碴机ballast recoliecting machine

枕间夯实机crib consolidating machine

道床边坡夯实机ballast shouder

consolidating machine

全断面道床夯实机full section ballast

consolidating machine

道床底碴夯实机subballast consolidating

machine

动力稳定机dynamic track stabilizer

边坡清筛机ballast shouder cleaning machine

大型全断面清筛机large ballast undercutting

cleaners; on-track full section undercutting

cleaners

中型清筛机medium ballast undercutting

cleaners

大揭盖清筛机ballast cleaning machine eith

removed track panels

小型枕底清筛机small ballast undercutting

cleaners

轻型轨道车light rail motor car ; light motor

trolley

重型轨道车heavy rail motor car; heavy

motor trolley

发电轨道车power generating rail car

发电走行两用车self-propelled power

generating car

轨道平车rail flat car

长钢轨运输作业列车long welded rail

transporting and working train

铺轨机track laying machine

轨行式起重机crane on-track ; rail-mounted

crane

悬臂式铺轨排机track panel laying machine

with cantilever

悬臂式铺轨机rail laying machine with

cantilever

门式铺轨排机track panel lating gantry crane

铺轨列车track laying train

工程宿营车work train with camp cars

轨道检查车track recording car ; track

inspection car

轨道检查小车track geometry measuring

trolley

桥梁试验车bridge test car

钢轨探伤车rail flaw detection car

钢轨磨损检查车rail profile measuring car

钢轨磨损检查仪rail profile gauge

列车速度检查仪train speed monitoring

device

列车接近报警器train approach wairning

device

限界检测车clearance car ; clearance

inspection car

塌方落石报警器land slide warning device

除雪机snow removing machine; snow

remover

道岔熔冰器sewitch heater

除砂机sand removing machine

开沟机ditcher

开沟平路机track shaving machine ; ditching

and grading machine

灌木切割机brush cutting machine ; brush

cutter

除草机weeding cutting machine ; weed

cutter

喷洒除草机weed killing machine weed killer

轨距尺；道尺track gage

万能道尺universal rail gage

捣镐；道镐packer ; tamping pick; beater

道钉锤spike hammer

撬棍lining bar ; claw bar

轨道水平尺track level

螺栓扳手track wrenches

单轨小车hand cart

地表排水surface drainage

地下排水subsurface drainage

过滤层filter

9 / 37

路基松软soft spots of road bed

滑坡landslip; landslide

坍方slide ; slip

蠕变creep; crawl

崩塌collapse; toppling

冲刷erosion ; scouring

落石rock fall

泥石流warth flow; debris flow ; mud and rock flow

冻害frost heaving

雪崩snow slip ; snow slide; snow avalanche 道碴槽ballast tub

道碴箱ballast box

道碴袋ballast pocket

道碴巢ballast nest

路基下沉subgrade settlement

煤矿沉陷mining subsidence

路基挤起subgrade bulge ; subgrade squeeze-out

防洪flood control

防砂sand-drift control ; sand protection

防雪snow-drift control; snow protection

雪害snow blockade; snow drift

水害flood damage; washout

砂害sand blockade; sand drift

隧道冰害frost damage in tunnel

防雪棚snow fence ; snow guard

防雪障snow protection bank

防雪树篱snow protectin hedge

拉沟slotting

刷坡slope cutting

边坡植被防护vegetation on slope

石笼gabion

土工织物；土工布geotextile

土工格栅；土工网格geogrid

铺草皮sodding

整治冻害轨道treatment of frost heaving track

垫冻害垫板track shimming

电化学加固土壤electro-chemical tratment of soil

桥梁浅基shallow foundation of bridge; unsafe dpth foundation of bridge

限界检查checking of clearance; check measurement

河调一防护失修disrepaire of flow regulating and shore protectin structure ; river bank protection out of repair

桥址水文观测hydrologic observation of bridge site

桥梁检定试验bridge rating test

容许强度检定working stress rating

承载系数检定load factor rating

自动力矩检定autostress rating

桥梁检定承载系数rated load-bearing coefficient for bridge; rated load-bearing coefficient for bridge as compared with standard live loading

特种车辆活载special live load; lilve load of special type wagon

墩台基础挖验excavating foundation for checking pupose foundation examination by excavation

墩台基础钻探drilling foundation for checking purpose; foundation examination by drilling

圬工梁裂损cracking of concrete and masonry beam

隧道漏水tunnel leak

衬砌裂损lining cracking

衬砌腐蚀

中间漆intermediate coat

面漆top coat

工地漆field coat

工厂漆shop coat

干捣水泥砂浆dry tamped cement mortar

混凝土裂纹concrete cracks

钢梁腐蚀裂纹corrosion cracking of steel bridge

钢梁应力腐蚀裂纹stress corrosion cracking of steel bridge

隧道防火措施measures against tunnel fire

隧道通风tunnel ventilation

隧道防排水tunnel water handling

喷射混凝土修理shotcrete repair

桥隧养护maintenance of bridge and tunnel

桥隧经常保养regular maintenance of bridge

and tunnel

桥隧综合维修comprehensive maintenance

of bridge and tunnel structure

桥隧病害整治damage repair for bridge and

tunnel ; repair bridge and tunnel fault

桥涵扩孔opening enlargement of bridge and

culvert

桥梁浅基防护unsafe depth foundation

protection ; bridge shallow foundation

protection

墩周冲淤scouring and sepositing around pier

桥隧巡守bridge and tunnel patrolling

限界改善clearance improvement

墩台防撞collision prevention around pier;

pier protection against collision

钢梁加固strengthening of steel bridge

临时便桥shoofly

防洪预抢工程precautinary work against

flood

水害断道railroad break down due to to

flood ; line blockade due to flood

水害抢修rush repair of flood damage to open

for traffic

抛石防护riparap protection

临险抢护emergency rush engineering ;

emergency repairs

水害复旧restoration work for flood damage ;

restoration of flood damaged structures

日降雨量daily precipitatin

雨量计rain gage

洪水标记flood mark

河床冲刷channel erosion

洪水淹没flood inundation on tracks

防水林forestation against flood

防撞破凌breaking up ice run; breaking up

ice floe prevent collision

房屋维修regular maintenance of buildings

and structures

房建大修major repair of buildings and

structures

房建检修inspection and repair of buildings

and structures

铁道牵引动力railway traction power;

railway motive power

机车locomotive

机车种类types of locomotive

机车比率；机车比值locomotive ratio

蒸汽机车steam locomotive

内燃机车；柴油机车diesel locomotive

电力机车electric locomotive

燃气轮机车gasturbine locomotive

动车组motor train unit；motor train set

动车motot car

拖车trailer

铁路干线机车railway trunk line locomotive

工矿机车industrial and mining locomotive

客运机车passenger locomotive

货运机车freight locomotive; goods

locomotive

调车机车shunting locomotive; switcher

小运转机车locomotive for district transfer;

transfer locomotive train

路用机车locomotive of service train; service

locomotives

配属机车allocated locomotive

非配属机车un-allocated locomotive

支配机车disposal locomotive

非支配机车un-disposal locomotive

运用机车locomotive in operation

检修机车locomotive under repairing

备用机车locomotive in reserve

封存机车locomotive stored up

待修机车locomotive waiting for repair

机车出租leased locomotive

机车报废locomotive retirement

机车储备locomotive reservation; locomotive

storage

机车整备locomotive servicing; locomotive

running preparation

机车整备能力locomotive service capacity

机车技术规范locomotive technical

specification

轴列式；轴式axle arrangement

转向架中心bogie pivot center

转向架中心距离distance between bogie

pivot centers; bogie pivot pitch

机车全轴距locomotive total wheel base

机车转向架轴距locomotive wheel base of

bogie

机车固定轴距locomotive rigid wheel base

机车长度locomotive overall length

机车宽度locomotive width

机车高度locomotive height

机车计算重量calcuated weight of

locomotive

机车整备重量locomotive service weight

机车重量locomotive weight

机车粘着重量locomotive adhesive weight

轴重转移；轴荷载转移axle load transfer

粘着重量利用系数adhesive weight utility

factor

机车重量分配weight distribution of

locomotive

轮对横动量lateral play of wheel set

机车噪声locomotive noise

热值；发热量heat value

机车万吨公里能耗energy consumption per

10；000 t-km of locomotive

机车用煤coal for locomotive

机车用柴油diesel oil for locomotive

机车用电electricity for locomotive

机车用换算煤converted coal for locomotive

标准煤standard coal

机车用润滑剂lubricant for locomotive

给水water supply

水鹤water crane

给水处理water supply treatment

炉内软水water softened in boiler

炉外软水water softened out of boiler

软水water softened

净水water purified

给水站；给水所water supply station

机务段locomotive depot

机车运用段locomotive running depot

机车检修段locomotive repair depot

机车折返段locomotive turnaround depot

列车无线电调度系统train radio dispatching

system

机车监控记录装置locomotive supervise and

record apparatus

机车故障locomotive failure

机车牵引特性locomotive tractive

characteristic

机车效率total locomotive efficiency

机车轮周效率efficiency of locomotive at

wheel rim

机车传动功率transmission efficiency of

locomotive

机车牵引特性曲线locomotive tractive

characteristic curve

机车轮周功率曲线locomotive power curve

at wheel rim

机车牵引力曲线locomotive tractive effort

curve

机车预期牵引特性曲线predetermined

tractive characteristic curve of locomotive

机车功率locomotive power

标称功率；额定功率nominal power

最大运用功率；装车功率maximum service

output power

轮周功率output power at wheel rim

比功率power/weight ratio

比重量weight/power ratio

10 / 37

单位体积功率specific volume power

机车牵引力locomotive teractive effort

轮周牵引力tractive effort at wheel rim

车钩牵引力tractive effort at coupler; drawbar pull

起动牵引力stsrting tractive effort

粘着牵引力adhesive tractive effort

持续牵引力continuous tractive effort

基本阻力basic resistance

运行阻力running resistance

惰行阻力idle runing resistance; coasting resistance

起动阻力starting resistance

附加阻力additional resistance

坡道阻力gradient resistance

曲线阻力curve resistance

空气阻力air resistance

单位阻力unit resistance; specific resistance 换算阻力；加算阻力converted resistance

速度控制系统speed control system

加速acceleration

减速deceleration

恒速constant speed

加速力acceleration force

减速力deceleration force

列车制动train braking

制动方式brake mode

空气制动air brake

真空制动vacuum brake

动力制动dynamic brake

液力制动hydraulic brake

电阻制动rheostatic brake

再生制动regenerative brake

电空制动electropneumatic brake

蓄能制动energy-storing brake

涡流制动eddy current brake

磁轨制动electromagnetic rail brake

踏面制动tread brake

盘型制动disc brake

机车制动周期locomotive braking period

机车制动距离locomotive braking distance 机车每轴闸瓦作用力brake shoe force per axle of locomotive

制动braking

常用制动service braking; service application 最大常用制动；常用全制动full servive braking; full service application

阶段制动graduated application

自然制动unintended braking; undesired braking

紧急制动emergency braking; emergency application

意外紧急制动undesirable emergency braking；UDE

缓解release

直接缓解；一次缓解direct release

阶段缓解graduated release

自然缓解unintended release; undesired release

漏泄leakage

充风; charging

充风位；充气位charge position

过充风；过充气overcharging

再充风；再充气recharging

过量充风；过量充气overcharge

阶段提升graduated increasing

保持位suppression; maintaining position; holding position

制动管减压量brake pipe pressure reduction 过量减压over reduction

局部减压local reduction

分段减压split reduction

最大常用减压full servive reduction

常用局减quick service

紧急局减quick action

前后风压差false gradient

列车管压差train pipe pressure gradient

保压停车stopping at maintaining position

缓解停车stopping at release

缓解波速release propagation rate 制动波速braking propagation rate

机车制动机locomotive brake gear

空气压缩机；风泵air compressor

调压器pressure regulator

给风阀feed valve

减压阀reducing valve

机车分配阀locomotive distributing valve

切换阀transfer valve

滤尘止回阀strainer check valve

机车紧急放风阀locomotive emergency vent

valve

高压保安阀high pressure safety valve

低压保安阀low pressure safety valve

无载起动电空阀no-load starting

electropneumatic valve

总风缸main air reservoir

空气干燥器air dryer

撒砂装置sanding device

砂箱sand box

撒砂阀sanding valve

撒砂器sandingsprayer

紧急撒砂emergency sanding

自动撒砂automatic sanding

间隙效应slack action

L/V比值L/V ratio

弓网关系pantograph-contact line relation

机车牵引区段locomotive tractive district

机车交路locomotive routing

单肩回交路single-arm routing

双肩回交路double-arm routing

半循环交路semi-loop routing

循环交路loop routing

环形交路circular routing

短交路short routing

长交路long routing

直通交路through routing

机车乘务制度locomotive crew working

system

机车包乘制system of assigning crew to

designated locomotive

机车轮乘制locomotive crew pooling system

机车随乘制locomotive caboose crew system

机车乘务组locomotive crew

司机driver

副司机assisant driver

指导司机driver instructor

司炉fireman

机车运用指标index of locomotive operation

机车出入段作业preparation of locomotive

for leaving and arriving at depot

机车全周转complete turnround of

locomotive

机车在段停留时间detention time of

locomotive at depot

机车全周转距离diatance of one complete

turnround of locomotive

机车全周转时间period of one complete

turnround of locomotive

机车走行公里locomotive running kilometers

换算走行公里converted running kilometers

沿线走行公里running kilometers on the road

辅助走行公里auxiliary running kilometers

本务走行公里leading locomotive running

kilometers

单机走行公里light locomotive running

kilometers

重联机车走行公里multi-locomotive running

kilometers

机车日车公里average daily locomotive

running kilometers

机车平均牵引总重average gross weight

hauled by locomotive

机车日产量average daily output of

locomotive

运用机车台数number of locomotive in

service

机车需要系数coefficient of locomotives

requirment

单机运行light locomotive running

双机牵引；双机重联牵引double locomotive

traction

多机牵引multi-locomotive traction

主机；本务机车leading locomotive

辅机assisting locomotive

补机banking locomotive

机车超重牵引traction for train exceed mass

norm

机车调度命令locomotive diapatching order

机务段运行揭示running service-bulletin of

depot

司机运转保单driver’s service-report;

driver’s log

司机室dri ver’s cab

司机操纵台driver’s desk

司机模拟操纵装置simulator for driver

train-handling

优化操纵optimum handling; optimum

optimum operation

机车自动操纵automatic locomotive

operation

机车保养locomotive maintenance

机车检修locomotive inspection and repair

机车检修修程classification of locomotive

repair

机车大修locomotive overhaul [repair];

locomotive general overhaul

架修intermediate repair

定修periodical repair; light repair

蒸汽机车洗修steam locomotive boiler

washout repair

机车厂修locomotive repair in works

机车段修locomotive repair in depot

机车定期修locomotive periodical repair

日常检查routine inspection

运行检查；行修running inspection

机车临修locomotive temporary repair

定期检修repair based on time or running

kilometers

状态检修repair based on condition of

component

换件大修component exchange repair

配件互换修repair with interchangeable

component

预防维修制preventive maintenance system

检修周期period of inspection and repair

月检monthly inspection

定检公里running kilometers between

predetermined repairs

定检时间time between predetermined repairs

检修范围scope of repairing course; scope of

repair

超范围修理repair beyond the scope of

repairing course

检修停时standing time under repair

集中化修理；集中修centralization of repair

检修基本技术条件fundamental technical

requirements for repair and inspection

检修工艺规程technological regulations for

repair and inspection

检修作业程序repair procedure; shop

program

磨耗限度limit of wear

检修限度locomotive repair limit

第一限度1st limit

第二限度2nd limit

使用限度operation limit

中间工艺检验intermediate inspection at the

technological process

转向设备turning facilities

转盘turntable

机务设备通过能力carrying capacity of

locomotive facilities

机车专用设备special equipment for

locomotive operation

部件故障检测；故障诊断inspection of

component failure; failure diagnostic

机车验收acceptance of locomotive

机车试运转locomotive trial run

形式试验type test

性能试验performance test

11 / 37

鉴定试验homologation test

出厂试验predelivery test

制动试验brake test

牵引试验traction test

负载试验loaded test; load test

牵引热工试验traction and thermodynamique de traction

定置试验stationary test; test at standstill

动力学试验dynamics test

强度试验strength test

运用试验service test; operation test

耐久性试验durability test

可靠性试验reliability test

例行试验routine test

特殊试验special test

研究性试验investigation test

抽样试验sampling test

模拟试验analogue test

机车履历簿locomotive logbook

直流电力机车DC electric locomotive

单向交流电力机车single-phase AC electric locomotive

单相工频交流电力机车single-phase industrial frequency AC electric locomotive

双电压制电力机车dual voltage electric locomotive

双频率制电力机车dual frequency electric locomotive

多电流制电力机车multiple system electric locomotive

硅整流器电力机车silicon rectifier electric locomotive

晶闸管整流器电力机车thyristor rectifier electric locomotive

经闸管变流器电力机车thyristor converter electric locomotive

电动车组electric multiple unit; motor coach set; electric motor train unit

单相交流电动车组single-phase industrial frequency AC motor train unit

地下铁道电动车组subway motor train unit 电流制current system

直流制DC system

单相工频交流制single-phase industrial frequency AC system

单相低频交流制single-phase low frequency AC system

受电弓标称电压nominal voltage at pantograph

调压方式voltage regulation mode

高压侧调压high voltage regulation

低压侧调压low voltage regulation

分级调压stepped voltage regulation

无级调压stepless voltage regulation

相控调压phase control

斩波调压chopper control

变阻调压rheostatric control

整流方式mode of rectification

牵引变流器traction convertor

牵引逆变器traction invertor

牵引变频器traction frequency convertor

可调牵引变频器variable frequency convertor

直流斩波器DC chopper

单相桥式整流器single-phase bridge rectifier 三相桥式整流器three-phase bridge rectifier 可控桥式整流器controlled bridge rectifier 对称半控桥式整流器symmetric half-controlled bridge rectifier

非对称半控桥式整流器asymmetric half-controlled bridge rectifier

多段桥[联结] bridges in cascade; multi rectifier bridge

硅整流装置silicon rectifier device

晶闸管整流装置thyristor rectifier device

励磁整流装置excitation rectifier device

电力传动方式mode of electric drive

直流传动DC drive

交-直流传动AC-DC drive

交-直-交流传动AC-DC-AC drive 调速方式mode of speed control

变压调速variable voltage speed control

变频调速variable frequency speed control

变极调速pole changing speed control

车轴驱动方式mode of axle drive

弹性齿轮驱动resilient gear drive

刚性齿轮驱动solid gear drive

单侧减速齿轮驱动single reduction gear

drive

双侧减速齿轮驱动double reduction gear

drive

单电动机驱动monomotor drive

车轴空心轴驱动quill drive; hollow axle

drive

电机空心轴驱动hollow shaft motor drive

万向轴驱动cardan shaft drive

直接驱动gearless drive; direct drive

独立驱动individual drive

组合驱动coupled axle drive

连杆驱动rod drive

组合传动机车coupled axle drive locomotive

独立传动机车individual drive locomotive

齿轨传动机车；齿条传动机车rack

locomotive

牵引电动机供电制式traction motor power

supply system

机车集中供电locomotive centralized power

supply

转向架独立供电bogie individual power

supply

电动机独立供电motor individual power

supply

主电路power circuit; main circuit

高压电路high voltage circuit; high tension

circuit

低压电路low voltage circuit; low tension

circuit

网侧电路circuit on side of overhead contact

line

牵引电路traction circuit

制动电路braking circuit

滤波电路filter circuit

辅助电路auxiliary circuit

列车供电电路power supply circuit for train

控制电路control circuit

控制电源control source

蓄电池电路battery circuit

指令电路command circuit

照明电路lighting circuit

仪表电路instrument circuit

联锁电路interlocking circuit

信号电路signal circuit

起动电路starting circuit

保护电路protective circuit

电子控制电路electronic control circuit

电空制动电路electropneumatic brake

ciucuit；E-P brake circuit

防空转防滑行保护电路anti-slip/slide

protection circuit

音频通讯电路audio communication circuit

电连接器electric coupler

自动电连接器electric automatic coupler

机车重联电连接器multi-locomotive electrc

coupler

牵引电动机traction motor

直流牵引电动机DC traction motor

脉流牵引电动机pulsating current traction

motor

交流牵引电动机AC traction motor

单向交流牵引电动机single-phase AC

traction motor

三相交流牵引电动机three phase AC

traction motor

抱轴式牵引电动机axle hung traction motor;

nose suspension traction motor

架承式牵引电动机frame mounted traction

motor

转向架架承式牵引电动机bogie mounted

traction motor

底架架承式牵引电动机underframe mounted

traction motor

串励电动机series excited motor

并励电动机shunt excited motor

复励电动机compound excied motor

他励电动机separately excited motor

同步电动机synchronous motor

异步电动机asynchronous motor

交流换向器电动机alternating current

commutator motor

全封闭式电动机totally-enclosed motor

通风式电动机ventilated motor

自通风式电动机self-ventilated motor

强迫通风式电动机force ventilated motor

直线电动机；线性电动机linear motor

直线同步电动机linear synchronous motor

直线异步电动机；直线感应电动机linear

asynchronous motor; linear induction motor

电动机转速motor speed

电动机超速runaway speed

电动机特性motor characteristic

电动机转矩；电动机扭矩motor torque

启动转矩starting torque

峰值转矩peak torque

制动转矩braking torque

最大输出功率maximum output

启动电流starting current

峰值电流peak current

标称电压nominal voltage

变压器电势transformer EMF

片间平均电压mean voltage between

segments

片间最高电压maximum voltage between

segments

满磁场；全磁场full field

消弱磁场weakened field

最大磁场maximum field

最小磁场minimum field

磁场消弱率field weakening

磁场消弱系数coefficient of field weakening

恒功调速比speed ratio on constant power

转向器commutator

换向片commutator segment

电枢线圈armature coil

均压线equalizer；cable bond

转轴shaft

定子stator

转子rotor

主极铁心mainpole core

主极线圈mainpole coil

换向极铁心interpole core

换相极线圈interpole coil

补偿线圈compensating coil

机座frame

铸造机座cast frame

焊接机座welding frame

半叠片机座semi-laminated frame

全叠片机座full-laminated frame

电刷装置brush gear

刷握brush-holder

刷盒brush box

电刷brush

端盖end shield

抱轴悬挂装置suspension bearing

主发电机main generator

直流主发电机DC main generator

交流主发电机main alternator

辅助发电机auxiliary generator

直流辅助发电机DC auxiliary generator

直流启动发电机DC starting generator;

dynastarter

直流控制发电机DC control generator

直流励磁机DC exciter

劈相机Arno converter; phase splitter

辅助电动机auxiliary motor

直流辅助电动机DC quxiliary motor

异步辅助电动机asynchronous auxiliary

motor

空压机电动机air compressor motor

通风机电动机blower motor

泵电动机pump motor

12 / 37

控制电机control electric machine

伺服电机；伺服马达servomotor

自整角机synchro

测速发电机tachogenerator

机车牵引变压器traction transformer of locomotive

心式牵引变压器core-type traction transformer

壳式牵引变压器shell-type traction transformer

自藕牵引变压器traction autotransformer

调压牵引变压器regulating traction transformer

分接牵引变压器tapped traction transformer 油浸式牵引变压器oil-immersed type traction transformer

整流变压器rectifier transformer

电源变压器supply transformer

隔离变压器；绝缘变压器isolating transformer

同步变压器synchronous transformer

脉冲变压器pulse transformer

控制变压器control transformer

信号变压器signal transformer

励磁变压器excitation transformer

高压绕组high voltage winding; high tension winding

低压绕组low voltage winding; low tension winding

调压绕组regulating winding

励磁绕组excitation winding

辅助绕组auxiliary winding

列车供电绕组train coach supply winding

自然循环natural circulation

强迫循环forced circulation

强迫导向循环forced guided circulation

牵引电抗器traction tractor

平波电抗器smoothing reactor

过渡电抗器transition reactor

接地电抗器earthing reactor; grounding reactor

制动电抗器braking reactor

分流电抗器divert shunt reactor; inductive shunt

滤波电抗器filter reactor

均流电抗器sharing reactor

限流电抗器inductive reactor; current limiting reactor

换相电抗器commutation reactor

起动电阻器staring resistor

制动电阻器braking resistor

过渡电阻器transistion resistor

分流电阻器divert shunt resistor; shunting resistor

稳定电阻器stabilizing resistor

调节电阻器regulating resistor

制动电阻柜braking resistor cubicle

制动电阻元件braking resistor grid

非线性电阻器non-linear resistor

滤波电容器filter capacitor

换相电容器commutating capacitor

保护电容器protective capacitor

起动电容器starting capacitor

补偿电容器compensation capacitor

主断路器line circuit-breaker

真空主断路器line vacuum circuit-breaker

空气主断路器line air-blast circuit-breaker

直流高速断路器DC high speed circuit-breaker

受电器current collector

受电弓pantograph

单臂受电弓single arm pantograph

双臂受电弓double arm pantograph

弓头pantograph bow

受电弓滑板pantograph pan

弓角pantograph horn

受电弓气缸pantograph cylinder

支持绝缘子supporting insulator

第三轨受电器conductor rail collector

受电靴装置shoegear 集电靴collector shoe

电磁接触器electromagnetic contactor

直流接触器DC contactor

交流接触器AC contactor

电空接触器electropneumatic contactor

组合接触器grouping contactor

线路接触器line contactor

磁场削弱接触器field weakening contactor

制动接触器braking contactor

励磁接触器excitation contactor

辅助接触器auxiliary contactor

调压开关tap changer

低压调压开关low voltage tap changer; low

tension tap changer

高压调压开关high voltage tap changer; high

tension tap changer

位置转换开关position changeover switch

鼓形位置转换开关drum position

changeover switch

凸轮位置转换开关cam position changeover

switch

牵引-制动位转换开关power/brake

changeover switch

反向器reverser

电流制转换开关current system changeover

switch

主电路库用转换开关main circuit transfer

switch for shed supply

辅助电路库用转换开关auxiliary circuit

transfer switch for shed supply

短路器short-circuiting device

接地开关earthing switch

牵引电动机隔离开关traction motor isolating

switch

受电弓隔离开关pantograph isolating switch

主整流柜隔离开关isolating switch for main

silicon rectifier cubicle

劈相机故障隔离开关fault isolating switch

for phase splitter

控制电源隔离开关isolating switch for

control supply

司机控制器driver controller

调车控制器shunting controller

电空制动控制器E-P brake controller

按键开关button switch; key switch

自复式按键开关self-reset push-key switch

非自复式按键开关non-self-reset push-key

switch

主按键开关组main button switch group;

main key switch set

副按键开关组secondary push-key switch

group; secondary key switch set

电磁阀electromagnetic valve

电空阀clectropneumatic valve

电液阀electro-hydraulic valve

保护阀protective valve

受电弓电空阀pantograph valve

防空转撒沙电空阀anti-slip sanding valve

防空转防滑行保护装置anti-slip/slide

protection device

轴重转移补偿装置axle load transfer

compensation device

功率因数补偿装置power factor

compensation device

电压继电器voltage relay

电流继电器current relay

时间继电器time relay

中间继电器intermediate relay

速度继电器speed relay

温度继电器temperature relay

压力继电器pressure relay

欠电压继电器under-voltage relay

过电流继电器over-current relay

转速继电器tachometric relay

流速继电器flow relay

接地继电器earth fault relay

风压继电器air pressure relay

油压继电器oil-pressure relay

起动继电器starting relay

主电路库用插座main circuit socket for shed

supply

辅助电路库用插座auxiliary circuit socket

for shed supply

控制电路库用插座control circuit socket for

shed supply

重联插座multiple unit socket

印制电路板插座printed circuit board socket

电压调整器voltage regulator

温度调整器temperature regulator

位置指示器notch indicator

数字显示器digital display

司机室取暖电炉driver's cab electric heater

司机室热风装置driver's cab air heater

司机室空调装置driver's cab air conditioner

电热玻璃electric heating glass

电测仪表electrical measuring instrument

牵引电机电压表traction motor voltmeter

牵引电机电流表traction motor ammeter

励磁电流表excitation ammeter

网侧电压表voltmeter on side of overhead

contact line; overhead side voltmeter

辅助电路电压表auxiliary circuit voltmeter

控制电源电压表control supply voltmeter

控制电源电流表control supply ammeter

机车速度表locomotive speedometer

单相电度表single-phase wat-hour meter

速度记录仪tachograph

传感器sensor; transducer

电压传感器voltage sensor

电流传感器current sensor

压力传感器pressure sensor

速度传感器speed sensor

温度传感器temperature sensor

直流电流互感器DC current transformer

阀形避雷器valve type arrester

放电器discharger

轮缘喷油器flange lubricator

接地安全棒earthing pole

接地回流电刷earth return brush

前照灯head lamp; head light

副前照灯subhead lamp; dim head light

标志灯marker lamp

走行部灯bogie lamp

车号灯side number plate lamp

路签灯train staff lamp

记事灯writing lamp

照明灯illuminating lamp

指示灯indicator lamp

风喇叭air horn

高音风喇叭high tone air horn

低音风喇叭low tone air horn

警笛siren

警惕装置vigilance device

机车组装后的检查与试验inspection and

test of locomotive after completion of

construction

一般性检查general inspection

称重试验weighing test

压缩空气设备全面的气密性试验test for

over-all air-tightness of compressed air

equipments

车体及外部装备密封试验test for sealing of

body and external equipment

受电弓试验pantograph test

介电强度试验dielectric test

事故预防措施的检查checks for prevention

of accidents

安全设备试验test on safety equipments

蓄电池充电系统试验checks of battery

charging-arrangement

通风冷却试验test on ventilation and cooling

空气制动试验test on air brake

曲线通过实验curve negotiation test

机车振动参数测试measurements of

vibration parameters

辅助机组试验test on auxiliary machines

机车调速试验test on speed regulation

主电路短路保护系统试验test on

short-circuit protection system of main circuit

主电路过载保护系统试验test on overload

13 / 37

protection system of main circuit

内部过电压试验test on internal overvoltage 外部过电试验test on external overvoltage

机车功率试验locomotive [traction] power test

机车功率因数测定measurment of power factor

机车效率测定measurement of efficiency of locomotive

谐波电流百分比测定measurement of percentage of harmonic current

起动加速试验starting and acceleration test 运行阻力试验test for running resistance

电气制动试验electric braking test

滤尘效果试验test on filter efficiency

撒沙装置试验test on sanding gear

重联运行试验test on coupled operation; test on multi unit operation

司机室工作条件检查check on working conditions in the driver's cab

机械转动内燃机车diesel-mechanical locomotive

液力传动内燃机车diesel-hydraulic locomotive

电力传动内燃机车diesel-electric locomotive 内燃动车组diesel coach set

柴油机diesel engine

二冲程柴油机two stroke diesel engine

四冲程柴油机four stroke diesel engine

低速柴油机low speed diesel engine

中速柴油机medium speed diesel engine

高速柴油机high speed diesel engine

增压柴油机supercharged diesel engine

废气涡轮增压柴油机turbocharged diesel engine

机械增压柴油机engine-driven supercharged diesel engine

两级增压柴油机two-stage supercharged diesel engine

复合式柴油机compound-supercharged diesel engine

直列式柴油机straight type diesel engine; in line type diesel engine

对活塞式柴油机opposed-piston type diesel engine

V型柴油机V-type diesel engine

H型柴油机H-type diesel engine

水冷柴油机water-cooled diesel engine

气缸直径cylinder bore diameter

曲柄半径crank radius

活塞行程piston stroke

行程缸径比stroke/bore ratio

连杆长度length of connecting rod

连杆比connecting rod length/crank radius ratio

上止点top dead point; upper dead center

下止点bottom dead point; lower dead center 内止点inner dead point; inner dead center

外止点outer dead point; outer dead center

气缸最大容积maximum stroke volume

气缸最小容积minimum stroke volume

气缸工作容积stroke volume

总排量total displacement

充量charge

工质working substance; medium

工作循环working cycle

进气行程intake stroke

压缩行程compression stroke

膨胀行程expansion stroke

排气行程exhaust stroke

配气相位；配气定时valve timing

换气过程scavenging period

扫气泵扫气blower scavenging

扫气压力scavenging pressure

进气温度intake temperature

进气压力intake pressure

缸盖出口废气温度exhaust temperature at cylinder head outlet

涡轮入口废气温度exhaust temperature at turbine inlet 涡轮入废气压力exhaust pressure at turbine

inlet

涡轮膨胀比expansion ratio of turbine

排气温度exhaust temperature

排气背压exhaust back pressure

残余废气residual gas

残余废气系数coefficient of residual gas

充量系数coefficient of charge

扫气系数coefficient of scavenging

过量空气系数excess air factor

空燃比air/fuel ratio

扫气效率scavenging efficiency

压缩始点压力compression beginning

pressure

压缩终点压力compression terminal pressure

压缩始点温度compression beginning

temperature

压缩终点温度compression terminal

temperature

压缩多变指数polytropic index of

compression

压缩比compression ratio

有效压缩比effective compression ratio

最高燃烧温度maximum combustion

temperature

最高爆发压力maximum explosive pressure;

peak pressure; maximum firing pressure

压力升高比pressure step-up ratio; rate of

pressure rise

膨胀终点温度expansion terminal

temperature

膨胀终点压力expansion terminal pressure

膨胀多变指数polytropic index of expansion

放热规律law of heat release

热平衡heat balance; thermo balance

示功图indicator diagram

示功图丰满系数fullness coefficient of

indicator diagram

工作过程working process

指示功indicated work

指示燃油消耗率indicared specific fuel

consumption

有效燃油消耗率effective specific fuel

consumption

燃油消耗量fuel consumption

机油消耗率specific oil consumption

机油消耗量oil consumption

空气消耗量air consumption

空气消耗率specific air consumption

发火次序firing order

定时timing

燃烧过程combustion process

点火ignition

雾化atomization

喷油速率injection rate

喷油规律law of injection

喷油持续角continuous injection angle

供油提前角advance angle of fule supply

喷油提前角injection advance angle

滞燃期conbustion lagging period;

combusting delay period

显燃期sensible combustion period

后燃期after burning period

增压supercharging

增压压力supercharging pressure

增压比supercharging ratio

废气涡轮增压exhaust turbocharging

机械增压engine-driven supercharging

定压增压constant pressure charging

脉冲增压pulse charging

增压中冷charge inter-cooling

增压器出口温度discharge temperature of

supercharger

增压度degree of turbocharging; degree of

supercharging

喘振surge

时间-面积值time-area value

直接喷射燃烧室direct injection combustion

chamber

涡轮室式燃烧室swirl combustion chamber

预燃室式燃烧室precombustion chamber;

pre-chamber

球型燃烧室spherical combustion chamber

ω型燃烧室toroidal combustion chamber

盆形燃烧室bowl [shaped] combustion

chamber

挤压涡流extruding swirl

进气涡流intake swirl

积炭carbon deposit

结胶caking

柴油机爆燃；柴油机工作粗暴engine

detonation

敲缸knock

废气净化exhaust purification

排气烟度exhaust smoke density

持续功率continuous power

修正功率corrected power

指示功率indicated power

有效功率effective power

机械损失功率mechanical loss power

最大功率maximum power

单缸功率power per cylinder

升功率volume power

活塞面积piston area

单位活塞面积功率piston unit area power

储备功率reserve power

功率储备系数coefficient of reaerve power

平均指示压力mean indicated pressure

平均有效压力mean effective pressure

平均机械损失压力mean mechanical loss

pressure

机械效率mechanicial efficiency

指示热效率indicated thermal efficiency

有效热效率useful thermal efficiency

标称转速nominal speed

最低空载稳定转速minimum idling

stabilized speed

转速波动率rate of speed fluctuation

瞬时调速率instantaneous speed change rate

活塞平均速度mean piston speed

热负荷thermal load

机械负荷mechanical load

强化系数coefficient of intensification

烟度limit of smoke

柴油机净重net weight of diesel engine

穴蚀cavitation

窜机油lubricating oil carry-over

窜气vlow-by

拉缸piston scraping

抱缸piston seizure

飞车run away

标准大气状况standard atmospheric

condition

环境温度ambient temperature

相对湿度relative humidity

柴油机特性diesel engine characteristic

负荷特性；负载特性load characteristic

速度特性speed characteristic

万有特性universal characteristic

调速特性；外特性；全负荷速度特性speec

regulation characteristics

空载特性no-load characteristic

台架试验stand test; bench test

磨合running-in

柴油机起动试验diesel engine starting test

各缸均匀性试验cylinder power equalizing

test

最低工作稳定转速试验minimum steady

speed test

最低空载转速试验minimum no-load speed

test

热平衡试验heat balance test

超负荷试验over-load test

增压器配机试验turbocharger matching test

机体engine block; main frame

气缸体cylinder block

曲轴箱crankcase

曲轴箱呼吸器crankcase breather

柴油机支座engine support

油底壳oil pan; oil sump

14 / 37

曲轴箱防爆门explosion-proof door of crankcase

油气分离器oil separator

活塞冷却喷嘴piston cooling nozzle

气缸cylinder

气缸套cylinder liner

水套water jacket

扫气箱scavenging box

连接箱connecting box

泵支承箱pump supporting box

主轴承main bearing

主轴承座main bearing seat; main bearing housing

主轴承盖main bearing cap

止推轴承盖thrust bearing cap

主轴瓦main bearing shell

止推轴瓦thrust bearing shell

止推环thrust ring

主轴承螺栓main bearing stud

主轴承螺母main bearing nut

曲轴crankshaft

主轴颈crank journal; main journal

曲柄销crank pin

曲柄臂crank arm

曲柄crank

曲轴平衡块crankshafr counter balance

飞轮flywheel

曲轴减振器crankshsft vibration damper

硅油减振器silicon oil damper

硅油弹簧减振器silicon spring damper

摆式减振器pendulum damper

弹簧式减振器spring damper

活塞piston

整体活塞one-piece piston

组合composite piston

活塞体piston body

活塞头piston head

活塞裙piston skirt

活塞衬套piston bush

活塞环piston ring

气环gas ring

油环oil ring

活塞销piston pin

连杆connecting rod

连杆体connecting rod body

连杆衬套connecting rod bush

连杆轴瓦connecting rod bearing shell

连杆盖connecting rod cap

连杆螺栓connecting rod bolt

连杆螺母connecting rod nut

主连杆main connecting rod

副连杆auxiliary connecting rod

气缸盖cylinder head

气缸盖螺栓cylinder head stud

气缸盖螺母cylinder head nut

预燃室precombustion chamber

预燃室喷嘴precombustion chamber nozzle 示公阀indicator valve

气门valve

进气门inlet valve

排气门exhaust valve

气门弹簧valve spring

气门座valve seat

气门导管valve guide

气门摇臂valve rocker

气门横臂valve cross arm

气门推杆valve push rod

气门挺柱valve tappet

滚轮摇臂roller rocker

气门旋转机构valve rotating mechanism

凸轮轴camshaft

进气凸轮inlet cam

排气凸轮exhaust cam

喷油嘴凸轮injection pump cam

曲轴正时齿轮crankshaft timing gear

凸轮轴正时齿轮camshaft timing gear

调速器驱动齿轮；调速器传动齿轮governor drive gear

喷油泵驱动齿轮；喷油泵传动齿轮injection pump drive gear 喷油泵传动装置injection pump transmission

mechanism

自动喷调装置injection timer

喷油泵injection pump

柱塞偶件plunger matching parts

柱塞plunger matching parts

柱塞套plunger sleeve

出油阀偶件delivery valve matching parts

出油阀delivery valve

出油阀座delivery valve seat

喷油器fuel injector

喷油嘴偶件injector nozzle matching parts

喷油嘴针阀nozzle needle valve

喷油嘴针阀体nozzle needle valve body

喷油嘴滤芯injector filter core

高压油管high pressure fuel pipe

调速器governor

调速系统speed-governing system

调速伺服系统speed-governing

servomechanism

功率调节系统power regulating system

转速表传动装置transmission gear of

tachometer

柴油机转速表diesel engine tachometer

起动加速器starting accelerator

控制机构control mechanism

超速停车装置overspeed trip

紧急停车装置emergency stop mechanism

盘车机构barring mechanism; barring gear

滑动式盘车机构sliding type barring

mechanism

回转式盘车机构rotary type barring

mechanism

涡轮增压器turbocharger

压气机blower

导风轮inducer

压气机叶轮blower impeller

废气涡轮exhaust turbine

喷嘴环nozzle ring

扩压器diffuser

中冷器intercooler

进气管air inlet pipe

进气稳压箱air inlet pressure stabilizing

chamber

排气总管exhaust manifold

排气支管exhaust branch pipe

排气箱exhaust box

波纹管bellows

消声器noise silencer; muffler

扫气泵scavenging pump

液力传动hydraulic transmission

单循环液力传动single-circuit hydraulic

transmission

多循环液力传动multi-circuit hydraulic

transmission

液力机械传动hydromechanical drive

单流液力机械传动hydromechanical drive

with inner ramification

双流液力机械传动gydromechanical drive

with outer ramification

混合液力机械传动hydromechanical drive

with dierct step

液力传动系统hydraulic transmission system

液力传动箱hydraulic transmission gear box

液力转向传动箱hydrodynamic reverser

主弹性联轴节main elastic coupling

中间齿轮箱intermediate gear box

车轴齿轮箱axle gear box

起动变扭器；起动变矩器starting torque

converter

运转变扭器；运转变矩器running torque

converter

液力循环元件hydraulic unit

液力偶合器hydraulic coupler

液力制动器hydraulic brake

液力变扭器；液力变矩器hydraulic torque

converter

变扭比；变矩比torque ratio

泵轮pump impeller

涡轮turbine

导轮guide wheel

工作轮blade wheel

输入轴input shaft

变扭器轴；变矩器轴torque converter shaft

输出轴output shaft

换向轴reversing shaft

供油泵oil feed pump

换挡changeover governor

液力制动阀hydrodynamic brake valve

液力制动操纵阀hydrodynamic brake

operating valve

充量限制阀filling limiting valve

闸板阀gate valve

闸板转换阀gate change-over valve

换向限止阀standstill detector valve

温度调节阀temperature regulating valve

控制阀control pump

惰行阀idle running pump

冷却水泵cooling water pump

膨胀水箱expansion tank; expansion drum

散热器radiator

冷却风扇cooling fan

预热锅炉preheating boiler

燃油输送泵fuel feed pump

燃油粗滤器fuel prefilter

燃油精滤器fuel precision filter

机油泵lubricating oil pump

起动机油泵starting lubricating oil pump

辅助机油泵auxiliary lubricating oil pump

高压机油泵high pressure lubricating oil

pump

机油滤清器lubricating oil filter

机油粗滤器lubricating prefilter

离心式机油滤清器centrifugal oil filter

增压器机油滤清器oil precision filter for

turbocharger

机油热交换器lubricating oil heat exchanger

油浴式空气滤清器oil bath air filter

钢板网式空气滤清器steel sheet mesh type

air filter

旋风筒式空气滤清器cyclone type air filter

磨擦离合器friction clutch

离合器操纵装置clutch operating device

静液压泵hydrostatic pump

静液压马达hydrostatic motor

安全阀safety valve

百叶窗油缸oil cylinder of shutter

车架frame

机车牵引梁draw beam

前窗front window

侧窗side window

司机座椅driver's chair

动力室power room

冷却室cooling room

电器室electric apparatus room

内走廊；通道inside corridor; gangway

外走廊outside corridor; running board

排障器pilot; life guard

路签授受器staff exchanger; tablet exchanger

刮雨器windshield wiper; windscreen wiper

遮阳板sun-shield

燃油箱fuel tank

油位表fuel level gage

油尺fuel dipstick

轴箱轴承axle box bearing

轴端轴承axle end bearing

抱轴轴承axle hung bearing; suspension

bearing

抱轴瓦axle suspension bush

传动齿轮transmission gear

主动齿轮driving gear

从动齿轮driven gear

牵引装置draw gear

索引杆draw bar

燃煤机车coal fired locomotive

煤粉机车pulverized coal locomotive; fine

coal locomotive

煤气机车gas fired locomotive

单胀式蒸汽机车single expansion steam

locomotive

15 / 37

复胀式蒸汽机车compound expansion steam locomotive

模数牵引力modulus of tractive effort

指示牵引力indecated tractive effort

锅炉牵引力boiler tractive effort

汽缸牵引力cylinder tractive effort

临界牵引力critical tractive effort

指示压力系数coefficient of indicated pressure

遮断比；断汽cut-off

计算遮断比calculated cut-off

蒸汽机车热工特性thermo-characteristic of steam locomotive

蒸发量evaporation capacity

供汽量evaporation capacity for engine

蒸发率rate of evaporation

供汽率rate of evaporation for engine

计算供汽率calculated rate of evaporation for engine

燃烧率rate of conbustion; rate of firing

放热率rate of heat release

混煤mixed coal

型煤moulded coal

水煤浆coal water slurry；coal water mixture 煤的技术当量equivalence of coal

锅炉热平衡boiler heat balance

不完全燃烧热损失heat loss due to incomplete combustion

机械不完全燃烧热损失heat loss due to combustibles in refuse

排烟热损失heat loss due to exhaust gas

散热损失heat dissipation

锅炉总效率total boiler efficiency

锅炉净效率net boiler efficiency

燃烧效率combustion efficiency

通风效率drafting efficiency

机车锅炉locomotive boiler

火箱firebox

外火箱outside firebox; outer fierbox

内火箱inside fierbox; inner fierbox

外火箱顶板roof sheet

内火箱顶板crown sheet

后板back sheet

喉板throat sheet

侧板side sheet

底圈mud ring

炉床grate

炉口fire hole

炉门fire door

拱砖arch brick

拱砖管arch tube

炉撑stay

拉撑；斜撑brace

火箱管板；指后管板firebox tube sheet

灰箱ashpan

锅胴boiler barrel course

大烟管flue [tube]

小烟管[smoke] tube

烟箱smokebox

烟箱管板；指前管板smokebox tube sheet 通风装置drafting apparatus

矩形通风装置；扁烟筒oblong ejector; Giesl ejector

乏汽喷口exhaust nozzle

乏汽喷口座exhaust nozzle seat

外烟筒smokestack; chimney

内烟筒stack extension

裙筒apron shell

送风器blower

垂直板；垂直反射板diaphragm plate; deflecting plate

`水平板；水平反射板horizontal plate; table plate

前垂板draft plate

火星网spark arrester netting

烟箱大门smokebox front

烟箱小门smokebox door

挡烟板smoke deflector

过热管superheater tube

过热箱superheater header 饱和蒸汽室saturated chamber

过热蒸汽室superheater chamber

主蒸汽管steam pipe

调整阀；汽门regulator valve; throttle valve

先开阀pilot valve

主阀main valve

扇形齿板quadrant

干燥管dry pipe

空气预热装置air preheater

给水装置feed water rigging

吸上式注水器attraction injector

非吸上式注水器non-attraction injector

给水预热装置feed water heater

混合式给水预热装置mixed feed water

heater

递热器; 混合室combining chamber

冷水泵cold water pump

热水泵hot water pump

止回阀boiler check valve

放水阀；排水阀blow off valve

洗炉堵washout plug

锅炉安全装置boiler safety device

水表water gage

水柱water column

易熔塞; 铅堵fuseble plug

蒸汽塔turret

汽笛whistle

汽缸套cylinder bushing

汽缸前盖front cylinder head

汽缸后盖back cylinder head

汽缸鞍cylinder saddle

汽室steam chest; valve chest

汽室套steam chest bushing

填料packing

汽缸排水阀cylinder drain valve

十字头crosshead

十字头扁销crosshead key

十字头圆销crosshead pin

滑板guide; slide bar; slip sheet

多滑面滑板multiple bearing type guide

摇杆main rod

蒸汽机车连杆steam locomotive side rod

肘销knuckle pin

华氏阀装置walschaerts valve gear

汽阀piston valve

固定式汽阀rigid piston valve

分动式汽阀adjustable piston valve；

偏心杆eccentric rod

月牙板reverse link; quadrant link

半径杆radius bar; radius rod

合并杆combination lever

结合杆union link; connection link

月牙板滑块reverse linkblock; die block

动力回动机power reverse gear

回动手把reverse lever

回动拉杆reverse pull rod

板式车架plate frame

棒式车架bar frame

主车架片main frame

后车架片rear frame

轴箱托板pedestal brace

前缓冲铁front bumper

后缓冲铁rear bumper

锅腰托板waist sheet

滑台expansion shoe

后膨胀板rear expansion sheet

动轴箱driving box

动轴箱平铁driving box shoe

动轴箱楔铁driving box wedge

自动调整楔铁装置automatic conpensator

主动轮对main driving wheel set

主曲拐销main crank pin

偏心曲拐eccentric crank

从动轮对driven wheel set

导轮转向架leading truck

导轮对leading truck wheel set

摇枕swing bolster

摇鞍swing rocker

从轮转向架trailing truck

从轮对trailing wheel set

复原装置centering device

粘着重量增加器booster

煤水车tender

水柜water tank

煤槽fuel space; coal bin

煤水车转向架tender truck

水柜阀tank valve

中间牵引装置intermediate draw gear

中间缓冲装置intermediate buffer

加煤机stoker

推煤机coal pusher

压油机mechanical lubricator

涡轮发电机turbo-generator

风动摇炉装置pneumatic grate shaking

rigging

锅炉蒸发面积boiler evaporative heating

surface

锅炉过热面积boiler super geating surface

锅炉散热面积boiler heat dissipating surface

炉床面积grate area

锅炉水位boiler water level

阀行程valve travel

导程lead

进汽余面ateam lap

排汽余面exhaust lap

阀调整valve setting

阀动图valve diagram; Zeuner valve diagram

阀动椭圆图valve ellipse

锅炉借水running at dropping water level

白水表行车running without water in gage

汽水共腾priming

水锤water hammer

逆向牵引backward haulage

单相工频交流电力牵引制single-phase

induatrial frequency AC electric traction

system

直流电力牵引制DC electric traction system

电力牵引供电系统power supply system of

electric traction

电力牵引远动系统electric traction

telemechanical system; electric traction remote

control system

牵引网traction electric network

视在单位能耗specific apparent energy

consumption

列车带电运行时分train running time on

load

直接供电方式direct feeding system

带回流线的直接供电方式direct feeding

system with return wire

吸流变压器供电方式booster tansformer

feeding system

自耦变压器供电方式autotransformer

feeding system

单回路供电single circuit power supply

双回路供电double circuit power supply

分支接线branch connection

桥形接线bridge connection

换相联接exchange phase connection; phase

alternating connection

牵引变压器traction transformer

三相YN；dll接线牵引变压器traction

transformer of three-phase YN; d11 connection

三相三绕组接线牵引变压器traction

transformer of threephase three winding

connection

单相V/V接线牵引变压器traction

transformer of singlephase V/V connection

单相接线牵引变压器traction transformer of

singlephase connection

斯柯特接线牵引变压器traction transformer

of Scott connection

伍德布里奇接线牵引变压器traction

transformer of Wood Bridge connection

三相十字交叉接线牵引变压器traction

transformer of cross connection with

threephase

单边供电one way feeding

双边供电two way feeding

越区供电over-zone feeding

16 / 37

集中供电方式centralized power supply system

分散供电方式diversified power supply system

移动备用方式movable reservation system

固定备用方式fixed reaservation system

串联电容补偿装置compensator with series capacitance

并联电容补偿装置compensator with parallel capacitance

有载自动调节autoregulation on load

补偿装置的电抗比reactance ratio of compensator

滤波装置filter

电压自动补偿装置autoregulation voltage compensator

滞后相供电臂laging phase feeding section

引前相供电臂leading phase feeding section 分相装置neutral section

电分段装置section point

供电线feeder

自耦变压器供电线A T-feeder

载流承力索current-carrying catenary

牵引回流电路traction return current circuits 回流线return wire

分相回流线split return wire

保护线protective wire

保护线用连接线crossbond of protective wire

吸流变压器booster transformer; BT

自耦变压器autotransformer; A T

吸上线boosting cable

列车平均电流average current of train

列车有效电流effective current of train; r.m.s. current of train

列车带电平均电流average current of charging train

供电臂平均电流average current of feeding section

供电臂有效电流effective current of feeding section

供电臂干扰计算电流disturbing calculation current of feeding section

供电臂短路电流short-circuit current of feeding section

供电臂瞬时最大电流instantaneous maximum current of feeding section

供电臂最大负荷电流maximum load current of feeding section

牵引变电所标称电压nominal voltage of traction substation

接触网最高电压maximum voltage of overhead contact line

接触网标称电压nominal voltage of overhead contact line

接触网最低电压minimum voltage of overhead contact line

事故状态的接触网最低电压minimum voltage of overhead contact line at accident condition

牵引网阻抗impedance of traction electric network

电分段装置sectioning

牵引回流轨traction return current rail

钢轨对地电位rail potential to ground

钢轨连接器rail joint bond

火花间隙spark gap

接地保护放电装置earth protection discharger

牵引变电所traction substation; SS

直流牵引变电所DC traction substation

交流牵引变电所AC traction substation

移动牵引变压器movable traction transformer

移动牵引变电所movable traction substation 开闭所sub-section post; SSP

自耦变压器所auto-transformer post; A TP

分区所section post; SP

接触网overhead contact line equipment

接触网悬挂overhead contact line; catenary 链形悬挂overhead contact line with catenary;

longitudinal suspension

简单悬挂tramway type suspension

equipment

弹性简单悬挂stitched tramway type

suspension equipment

斜链形悬挂inclined catenary; srew catenary

直链形悬挂polygonal catenary

弹性链形悬挂stitched catenary equipment

全补偿链形悬挂auto-tensioned catenary

equipment

半补偿链形悬挂semi-auto-tensioned

catenary equipment

双链形悬挂compound catenary equipment

承力索catenary

辅助承力索auxiliary catenary

横承力索headspan wire

定位索registration wire

接触线contact wire

附加导线additive wire

加强线line feeder

承力索终端锚固线夹termination fitting for

catenary

接触线终端锚固线夹termination fitting for

contact wire

承力索接头线夹catenary splice

接触线接头线夹contact wire splice

横承力索线夹headspan wire clamp

吊环suspension ring

电连接electrical connector

电连接线夹electrically connecting clamp

接触线电连接线夹electrically connecting

clamp for contact wire

接触网架空地线overhead earth wire

接地线夹earth clamp

棒式绝缘子strut insulator; rod insulator

双重绝缘棒式绝缘子double strut insulator;

double rod insulator

腕臂cantilever

旋转腕臂hinged cantilever

腕臂底座cantilever base

拉杆[压管] upper cantilever

拉杆底座bracket base

调节板regulating plate

套管铰环sleeve with clevis and ring

钩头鞍子hook-type saddle

杵座鞍子socket-type saddle

定位装置registration device

定位管registration arm

定位器steady arm

软定位器pull-off arm

定位环steady ring

定位线夹steady ear

正定位pull-off mode

反定位push-off mode

支持器supporter

杵环杆bar with ball and eye; ball-socket bar

拉出值stagger

吊弦hanger

吊弦线夹hanger ear

吊索dropper

线岔overhead crossing

硬横跨portal structure

软横跨headspan suspension

中间柱single suspension mast

转换柱transition mast

绝缘转换柱insulatid transition mast

非绝缘转换柱uninsulated transition mast

中心柱center mast

锚柱anchor mast

道岔柱turnout mast

定位柱registration mast

分相绝缘器neutral section insulator

接触网故障探测装置fault locator for

overhead contact line equipment

悬吊滑轮suspension pulley

补偿滑轮tension pulley

定滑轮装置fixed pulley

坠铊balance weight

坠铊补偿器balance weight tensioner

弹簧补偿器spring tensioner

锚段tension length

中心锚结mid-point anchor

中心锚结线夹mid-point anchor clamp

防窜装置anticreeping device

锚固装置anchor fitting

锚段关节overlap

绝缘锚段关节insulated overlap

非绝缘锚段关节uninsulated over-lap

同侧下锚same-side anchor

异侧下锚different-side anchor

限界门warning portal

导线安装曲线wire installation curve

当量跨距equivalent span length

张力增量tension increment

绝缘间隙insulation gap

支柱侧面限界mast gauge

冷滑cold-running

热滑hot-running

硬点hard spot

铅锤弹性vertical elasticity; vertical

resilience

横向弹性lateral elasticity; lateral resilience

受电弓上抬力pantograph upthrust;

pantograph static contact force

受电弓空气动力效应aerodynamic effects of

pantograph

离线contact loss

离线率contact loss rate

承力索弛度catenary sag

接触线弛度contact wire sag

接触线预留弛度contact wire pre-sag

接触线最大水平偏移值maximum horizontal

displacement of contact wire

结构高度system height; encumbrance

供电段section for power supply

供电领工区fore work district for power

supply

接触网工区maintenance gang for catenary

远动工区work district for telemechanical

system

公铁两用检修车road-railway repairing

vehicle

接触网测试车measuring car for overhead

contact line equipment

接触网检修车repairing car for overhead

contact line equipment

变电所测试车srbstation testing car

绝缘子清洗车insulator cleaning car

绝缘梯车insulated ladder trolley

危险影响dangerous influence

磁感应magnetic induction

电感应electric induction

地电流影响; 属于阻性耦合influence of

ground current

影响电流influencing current

静电感应电流electrostatic induced current

漏泄电流；迷流leakage current

纵电动势lingitudunal electro-motive force

对地电压voltage to ground

互感系数；磁耦合系数mutual inductance

coefficient

互感阻抗mutual inductive impedance

视在大地导电率apparent earth conductivity

大地电阻率earth resistivity

屏蔽系数shielding factor

综合屏蔽系数combination shielding factor

钢轨屏蔽系数shielding factor of track

桥隧屏蔽系数shielding factor of bredge and

tunnel

电缆屏蔽系数shielding factor of cable

架空底线屏蔽系数shielding factor of aerial

earth wire

终端效应terminal effect

接近长度approach length

接近距离separation distance

平行接近parallelism approach

斜接近oblique exposure

斜接近段长度oblique exposure length

斜接近段的等效距离equivalent distance of

17 / 37

the oblique exposure

交叉跨越crossing

电气化干扰electrification interference

干扰影响disturbing influence

等效干扰电源equivalent disturbing current 敏感系数sinsitivity coefficient

中和变压器neutralizing transformer

幻通谐振变压器phantom resonant transformer

屏蔽变压器reduction transformer

杂音抑制线圈noise suppression coil

杂音抑制器noise suppressor

防护滤波器protection filter

有源降压装置active degrade voltage apparatus

阳[电]极anode

防护protection

半段效应half section effect

无线电噪声radio noise

宽带干扰broadband interference

窄带干扰narrowband interference

干扰源interference source

抗扰度immunitry to interference

防护率protection ratio

干扰测量仪interference meter

屏蔽体shield

屏蔽shielding

横电磁波小室cross electromagnetic wave small room

电磁屏蔽暗室electromagnetic sheilding darkroom

电磁环境electromagnetic environment

频谱特性spectrum character

横向传播特性cross propagation characteristic

倍程衰减double attenuation

倍频衰减frequency doubling attenuation

背景噪声场强background noise field strength

防护间距protection distance

电耦合系数electric coupling coefficient

开式简单循环燃气轮机open simple cycle gas turbine

开式回热循环燃气轮机open regenerative cycle gas turbine

单轴燃气轮机single-shaft gas turbine

分轴燃气轮机split-shaft gas turbine

变几何燃气轮机variable-geometry gas turbine

轴向推力axial thrust

盘车barring

热挂thermal blockage

燃气发生器gas generator

回热器regenerator

报警保护系统alarm and protection system 轴向位移保护装置axial displacement limiting device

进气道intake duct

排气道exhaust duct

轴流式涡轮axial flow turbine

动力涡轮power turbine

压气涡轮compressor turbine

轴流式压气机axial flow compressor

排气速度exhaust velocity [for a turbine]

反动度degree of reaction

膨胀比expansion ratio

通流部分flow passage

叶型blade profile

安装角stagger angle

进口角blade inlet angle

出口角blade outlet angle

叶型转折角camber

速度三角形velocity triangle

二次流损失secondary flow loss

静叶损失stationary blade loss

动叶损失moving blade loss

余速损失leaving velocity loss

火焰管flame tube

热疲劳thermal fatigue

热腐蚀hot corrosion 可转静叶variable stator blade

涡轮功率turbine power

压气机耗功power input to compressor

失速stall

管形燃烧室can-type combustor

直流燃烧straight-flow combustion

逆流燃烧counter-flow combustion

旋流燃烧swirl-flow combustion

旋风燃烧cyclone-combustion

一次空气primary air

二次空气secondary air

燃烧区combustion zone

回流区recirculating zone

掺混区dilution zone

理论空气量theoretical air

回热度regenerator effectiveness

旋流器swirler

燃气侧全压损失total pressure loss for gas

side

燃烧稳定性combustion stability

磁[悬浮]浮maglev; magnetic levitation

电磁悬浮系统electromagnetic suspension

system; EMS

电动排斥式系统electrodynamic repulsion

system; EDS

超导悬浮系统superconducting suspension

system

永磁悬浮系统permanent magnet suspension

system; PPM

电磁吸引式系统electromagnetic attraction

system

磁[悬]浮车辆maglev vehicle

长定子long stator

短定子short stator

推进系统propulsion system

导向系统guidance system

悬浮系统suspension system

可控电磁铁controlled electromagnet

悬浮组件suspension module

反应板reaction plate

电磁铁驱动器；斩波器magnet driver;

chopper

自适应控制adaptive control

吸浮力attraction [lift] force

排斥力repulsion force

悬浮力lift force

侧力[maglev] lateral force

推力thrusting force; propulsion force

多磁铁系统multimagnet system

非接触式传感器noncontacting prosimity

sensor

超导体superconductor

反应轨reaction rail

单边型直线感应电动机single sided linear

induction motor

双边型直线感应电动机double sided linear

induction motor

加速度反馈acceleration feedback

绝对加速度反馈absolute acceleration

feedback

电感式加速度计inductive accelerometer

电容式加速度计capacitive accelerometer

伺服型加速度计servo accelerometer

压电式加速度计piezoelectric accelerometer

气垫air-cushion

气隙磁通密度air gap flux density

悬球ball suspension

悬距clearance; air-gap

闭环控制closed-loop control

线圈高度coil height

悬浮导向兼用combined lift and guidance

去滞曲线demagnetisation curve

动态耦合dynamic coupling

悬浮系统动力学dyanmics of suspension

system

霍尔片Hall plate

铁磁吸力ferromagnetic attraction force

超导体斥力superconducting repulsion force

导向力guidance force

电流-力特性current-force characteristic

气隙-力特性distance-force characteristic

导轨与悬浮系统相互作用guideway

suspension interaction

横向磁通直线感应电动机transverse flux

linear induction motor

磁轮magnet wheel

平均工作气隙mean operating air gap

悬浮导向分别控制separate control

lift/guidance

交错排列的磁铁布置staggered magnet

configuration

双线圈结构two coil configuration

铁道车辆railway vehicle; railway car

二轴车two-axle car

四轴车four-axle car

多轴车multi-axle car

转向架式车bogie car

车辆纵向longitudinal direction of car

车辆横向lateral direction of car

一位端"B" end of car

二位端"A" end of car

一位侧left side of car

二位侧right side of car

空车empty car

重车loaded car

车辆标记lettering and marking of car

车种type of car

车型model of car

车号number of car

定员seating capacity

车辆全长；车钩连接线间长度length over

pulling faces of couplers

车体长度length over ends of body; length of

car body

底架长度length over end sills; length of

underframe

罐体长度length of tank

车体内长length inside car body

车辆最大宽度maximum widty of car

车体宽度widty over sides of car body

底架宽度widty over side sills

车体内宽widty inside car body

车钩中心线高度height of coupler center

from top of rail; coupler height

车辆最大高度maximum height of car

车辆高度height of car

车体内高height inside car body

车体内中心处高度height inside car body

from floor to roof center

地板面高度height of floor from rail top;

floor height

车辆定距length between truck centers

车辆长距比ratio of car body length to length

between truck centers

旁承间隙side bearing clearance

门孔宽度width of door opening

地板面积floor area

总容积total volume

有效容积effective volume

罐车容积计表tank volume table

心盘面自由高free height of center plate

wearing surface from rail top

转向架对角线truck frame diagonal

轴距wheelbase

固定轴距rigd wheelbase

车辆全轴距wheelbase of car

转向架组全轴距wheelbase of combination

truck

轮对内侧距distance between backs of wheel

flanges

轴颈中心距distance between journal centers

匀质列车even mass train

稳定运行工况steady running condition

运行过渡工况transitional running condition

比容[积] specific volume

比面积specific floor area

旁承承载side bearing loading

走行装置running gear

转向架truck; bogie

单轴转向架single-axle truck

18 / 37

二轴转向架two-axle truck

三轴转向架three-axle truck

多轴转向架multi-axle truck

三大件转向架three-piece truck

一体构架转向架rigid frame truck

无摇动台式转向架truck with no swing bolster

导框式转向架pedestal truck

无摇枕转向架bolsterless truck

无导框式转向架non-pedestal truck

曲梁式转向架curved-beam truck

自导向径向转向架self-steering radial truck 迫导向径向转向架forced-steering radial truck

组合式转向架combination truck

旁承支重转向架side bearing truck

内构架转向架inside-frame truck

转向架构架truck frame

构架侧梁truck side sill

构架端梁truck end sill

构架横梁truck transom

构架纵梁truck longitudinal sill

构架辅助梁truck auxiliary transom

转向架侧架truck side frame

侧架上弦杆side frame top chord

侧架下弦杆side frame bottom chord

侧架上斜弦杆side frame top oblique chord 侧架下斜弦杆side frame bottom oblique chord

侧架弹簧承台side frame spring seat

侧家立柱side frame column

轴箱导框side frame pedestal

轴箱挡axle box guide

轴箱承台[side frame] pedestal bearing boss 转向架摇枕truck bolster

摇枕挡bolster guide（用于客车）; column guide(用于货车）

弹性止挡elastic bolster guide

轮对内侧距wheelset; wheel pair

车轮wheel

整体车轮solid wheel; mono-bloc wheel

有箍车轮tired wheel; tyred wheel

轮心wheel center

轮箍tire; tyre

车轮扣环retaining ring [of tire]

铸钢车轮cast steel wheel

辗钢车轮wrought steel wheel; rolled steed wheel

一次磨耗车轮one-wear wheel

多次磨耗车轮multiple wear wheel

冷铸车轮chilled cast iron wheel

弹性车轮elastic wheel

车轴axle

空心车轴tubular axle; hollow axle

轴领end collar; axle collar

轴颈journal

轴颈后肩journal back fillet

防尘板座dust guard seat

轮座wheel seat

轴身axle body

轴中央部axle center

轮缘wheel flsnge

轮辋wheel rim

轮毂wheel hub

轮毂孔wheel hub bore

踏面wheel tread

辐板plate; web

S形辐板S-type wheel plate; S-plate

深盆辐板deep dish wheel plate

波形辐板corragated wheel plate

直辐板straight wheel plate

辐板孔plate hole; web hole

轴箱journal box; axle box

滑动轴承plain bearing

轴箱盖；用于滑动轴箱journal box lid

轴箱前盖；用于滚动轴箱journal box front cover

轴箱后盖；用于滚动轴箱journal box rear cover

轴箱体journal box body 轴瓦plain journal bearing

轴瓦垫journal bearing wedge

塑料轴瓦头plastic wearing end for plain

bearing

防尘板dust guard

后挡板back shield

油卷lubricating roll

木前枕wooden strut

圆锥滚子轴承tapered roller bearing

圆柱滚子轴承cylindrical roller bearing

球形滚子轴承spherical roller bearing

轴承端盖roller bearing end cap

迷宫式密封labyrinth seal

涨圈式密封piston ring type seal

密封圈seal ring

承载鞍adapter

油导筒式轴箱定位装置oil guide clinder

type journal box positioning device

干摩擦式轴箱定位装置dry friction type

journal box positioning device

橡胶弹性导柱式轴箱定位装置rubber

elastic guide post type journal box positioning

device

拉杆式轴箱定位装置tie-rod type journal

box positioning device

转臂式轴箱定位装置rocker type journal box

positioning device

拉板式轴箱定位装置tie-plate type journal

box positioning device

球形轴箱定位装置ball type journal box

positioning device

轴箱弹簧支柱journal box spring guide post

减振器shock absorber; damper

摩擦式减振器snubber

常摩擦式减震装置constant friction type

snubbing device

变摩擦式减震装置variable friction type

snubbing device

斜楔wedge

摩擦板friction plate

磨耗板wearing plate

液压减振器；油压减振器hydyaulic damper;

oil damper

弹簧悬挂装置spring suspension

轴箱弹簧journal box spring

摇枕弹簧bolster spring

螺旋弹簧coil spring; helical spring

叠板弹簧laminated spring

椭圆弹簧elliptic spring

扭杆弹簧torsion bar spring

膜式空气弹簧diaphragm type air apring

囊式空气弹簧bellows type air apring

橡胶弹簧rubber spring

橡胶堆rubber-metal pad

橡胶垫rubber pad

一系悬挂single stage suspension

两系悬挂two stage suspension

第一系悬挂primary suspension

第二系悬挂secondary suspension

自动高度调整装置automatic leveling device

高度调整阀leveling valve

旁承side bearing

弹性旁承elastic side bearing

转向架基础制动truck brake rigging

固定杠杆truck dead lever

移动杠杆truck live lever

制动拉杆lever connection

杠杆上拉杆lever connecting rod

制动梁brake beam

制动梁拉杆brake beam pull rod

制动梁下拉杆brake beam bottom rod

闸瓦托brake head

闸瓦brake shoe

铸铁闸瓦cast irom brake shoe

中磷闸瓦medium phosphor cast iron brake

shoe

高磷闸瓦high phosphor cast iron brake shoe

高摩合成闸瓦high friction composite brake

shoe

闸瓦背brake shoe back

低摩合成闸瓦low friction composite brake

shoe

闸瓦插销brake shoe key

制动盘brake disc

闸片brake lining; brake pad

制动梁槽钢brake beam compression channel

制动梁弓形杆brake beam tension rod

制动梁支柱brake beam strut

摇枕吊bolster hanger; swing hanger

摇枕吊轴swing hanger cross beam

弹簧托梁spring plank carrier

弹簧托板spring plank

下心盘truck center plate

中心销center pin; king pin; pivot pin

锁紧中心销locking center pin

横向拉杆lateral connecting rod

均衡梁equalizer

踏面外形tread contour; tread profile

磨耗形踏面worn profile tread

踏面基点tread taping point

踏面锥度tread conicity

滚动圆tread rolling circle

车轮直径wheel diameter

轮箍厚度tire thickness

轮辋宽度rim width

轮缘高度flange height

轮缘厚度] flange thickness

轮毂厚度hub thickness

轮毂直径hub diameter

轮毂长度hub length

轮毂孔直径hub bore diameter

轴箱导框间隙axle box play

摇枕挡间隙bogie bolster play

轴载荷load on axle journals

允许轴载荷allowable load on journals of

same axle

心盘载荷load on center plate

旁承载荷load on side bearing

斜对称载荷diagonally symmetrical loading

force

弹簧柔度spring flexibility

弹簧刚度spring stiffness

弹簧静挠度static spring deflection

弹簧动挠度dynamic spring deflection

第一第二系弹簧挠度比ratio of spring

deflections of primary &secondary suspension

挠度裕量系数coefficient of spring deflection

reservation

弹簧架扭曲刚度truck rigidity against

distorsion

相对摩擦系数relative friction conefficient

阻尼系数damping coefficient

临界阻尼critical damping

减振指数damping index

临界阻尼值critical damping value

相对阻尼系数damping factor

踏面磨耗tread wear

轮缘垂直磨耗vertical flange

踏面擦伤flat sliding; tread slid flat

踏面剥离shelled tread

轮辋烧伤burnt rim

轮辋辗出spread rim

车轮不圆wheel out of round

热裂纹thermal crack

轮毂破裂burst hub

轮毂松动wheel loose on axle

辐板径向裂纹radial crack in plate

辐板圆周裂纹circumferential crack in plate

车轴弯曲bent axle

制动系统brake system

5.03 制动装置

制动装置brake equipment; brake gear

制动机brake

手制动机hand brake

空气制动装置air brake equipment

真空制动装置vacuum brake equipment

空气真空两用制动装置air and vacuum dual

brake equipment

电空制动装置electropeumatic brake

equipment

19 / 37

自动空气制动装置automatic air brake equipment

直通空气制动装置straight air brake equipment

基础制动装置foundation brake rigging

制动管路brake piping

制动主管brake pipe

制动支管brake branch pipe

端接管pipe nipple

列车管train pipe

压力主管pressure pipe; second brake pipe

直通制动管direct air brake pipe

制动软管连接器[brake] hose coupling

制动软管hose

折角塞门angle cock

端部塞门；用于装转动车钩的敞车上为端部塞门end cock

球芯折角塞门ball type angle cock

制动支管三通branch pipe tee

联合集尘截断塞门combined dirt collector and cut-out cock

集尘器dirt collector

截断塞门cut-out cock

空重车转换塞门empty and load changeover cock

紧急制动阀emergency brake valve

分配阀distributing valve

作用部service portion

紧急部emergency portion

缓解部release portion

加速制动阀部accelerated application valve portion

中间体pipe bracket

滑阀slide valve

[制动]柱塞spool

膜板diaphragm

提升阀poppet valve

空重车制动装置empty/load brake equipment

载荷传感阀load sensor valve

载荷比例阀load proportional valve

均衡风缸equalizing reservoir

限压阀limiting valve

三通阀triple valve

制动缸brake cylinder

副风缸auxiliary reservoir

附加风缸supplementary reservoir

降压气室pressure reducing reservoir

双室风缸two-compartment reservoir

紧急风缸emergency reservoir

定压风缸constant pressure reservoir

压力风缸pressure reservoir

缓解阀release valve

放风阀vent valve

车长阀caboose valve; conductor’s valve; guard’s valve

减压中继阀reduction relay valve

保持阀retaining valve

防滑器anti-skid device

踏面清扫器tread cleaner

摩擦制动friction braking

粘着制动adhesion braking

非粘着制动non-adhesion braking

转向架制动组件truck-mounted brake assembly

非踏面制动off tread braking

单元制动brake unit

轮装盘形制动wheel-mounted disc brake

轴装盘形制动axle-mounted disc brake

单侧[踏面]制动single shoe brake

双侧[踏面]制动clasp brake

二压力机构two-pressure equalizing system 三压力机构three-pressure equalizing system 二三压力混合机构composite two and three-pressure equalizing system

闸瓦压力brake shoe pressure

制动力braking force

制动率braking ratio

制动倍率leverage ratio

制动效率brake efficiency 制动杠杆传动效率brake rigging efficiency

净制动率net braking ratio

制动缸活塞行程piston travel

制动时间braking time

空走时间idling braking time

实制动时间actual braking time;

instantaneous application time; LAT

制动距离stopping distance

实制动距离actual stopping distance

空走距离idling stopping distance

制动初速initial speed at brake application

平均减速度average retardation rate

制动灵敏度sensitivity

制动稳定性insensitivity

制动安定性service stability

制动衰竭性exhaustibility

制动不衰竭性inexhaustibility

制动缸前杠杆cylinder lever

制动缸后杠杆auxiliary lever

连接拉杆cylinder lever connecting rod

上拉杆top rod

闸瓦间隙自动调节器automatic slack

adjuster

均衡拉杆equalizing pull rod

均衡杠杆equalizing lever

手制动曲拐hand brake bell crank

手制动链轮hand brake sheave wheel

停驻制动parking braking

直接进入阀direct admission valve

滚圈rolling ring

真空缸vacuum chamber

高鹅头弯管high level bend; swan neck

分配阀试验台distrbuting valve test rack

单车试验器single car testing device

列车制动试验器train brake tester

列车尾部风压反馈train rear end air pressure

feedback]

车体car body

流线型车体streamlined car body

摆式车体pendulum type car body

侧倾车体tilting type car body

车体侧倾装置car body tilting device

钢结构steel structure

车体骨架body framing

板梁式钢结构plate girder type steel structure

桁架式钢结构truss type steel structrue

薄壁简体结构thin-shelled tubular structure

整体承载结构monocoque structrure; integral

losdcarrying structure

构件structural member

杆件member

底架underframe

有中梁底架underframe with center sill

无中梁底架underframe without center sill

活动中梁底架underframe with sliding center

sill; cushioning underframe

裙板apron

中梁center sill

中梁悬臂部overhang; cantilever portion of

center sill

侧梁side sill

端梁end sill

枕梁body bolster

大横梁cross bearer

小横梁crosstie

辅助梁floor stringer

缓冲梁buffer beam

对角撑；斜撑diagonal brace

平板地板flat floor

波纹地板corrugated floor

可钉地板nailable floor

脚蹬entrance door step (用于客车); sill step

(用于货车)

上心盘body center plate

球形心盘spherical center plate

心盘座center filler

上旁承body side bearing

前从板座front draft lug; front draft stop

后从板座rear draft lug; rear draft stop

一体从板座rear draft dheck casting

冲击座striker; striking casting

柱插stake pocket

绳拴rope lug

走板running board

扶手hand hold; grab iron

梯ladder

牵引沟hauling hook

牵引梁draft sill

鱼腹梁fish-belly sill

刀把梁lowered draft sill

钳形梁schnabel

顶车座jacking pad

侧墙side wall

侧柱连续side post connecting rail

侧柱内补强inside reinforcement of side post

端柱end post

侧柱连续side post

角柱corner post

门柱door post

外端墙outside end wall

内端墙inside end wall

大腰带waist rail

小腰带window lintel

横带rail

上侧梁cant rail(用于客车); top chord(用于

货车)

侧墙包板；包板side sheathing

上挠度camber

下垂drooping

旁弯sidewise bending

盖板cover plate

端墙包板end sheathing

上墙板cornice sheathing

下墙板wainscot sheathing

窗间板pier sheathing

墙板压筋flute or rib on sheathing

窗台window sill; window rail

内墙板panel(用于客车); lining (用于货车)

渡板gangway foot plate

车顶roof

外顶板roof sheet

内顶板；天花板ceiling

车顶弯梁carline

车顶纵梁purline

车顶侧梁roof cant rail

车顶端横梁roof end rail

车顶横梁roof cross beam

装货口；吊装口hatch

活顶盖removable hatch cover

顶盖座hatch cover seat

雨檐eaves

翻板platform trap door

漏斗hopper

罐体tank

罐体鞍座tank saddle

罐端板tank head

空气包tank dome

人孔manhole; manway

人孔盖manhole cover

液面高度指示牌liquid level indicating plate;

tell-tale

内梯manhole ladder

上鞍tank anchor

聚液窝liquid trap

进气阀air inlet valve

抽液管座unloading pipe cannection

通气口vent

卡带；罐带tank band

加温套steam jacket

中心排油阀central oil outlet valve

侧排油阀side oil outlet valve

快速接头quick coupling

端门end door

外端门；折棚门gangway door

[客车]脚蹬门vestibule entrance door

[客车]隔门partition door

[客车]摇门swing door

[客车]摆门spring butt rocking door

拉门；滑门sliding door

上开门upward swing door

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城市轨道交通专业词汇缩写总汇

城市轨道交通专业词汇缩写 AC：信标/计轴Axle Counter ACS：计轴系统Axle Counter System ADC：自动关门Auto Door Close ADO：自动开门Auto Door Open ADM：系统管理器 ADU：特征显示单元 AF：音频 AFC：自动售检票系统Auto Fare Collection AM：列车自动运行驾驶模式Automatic Model AMU：ATO匹配单元 AP：接入点、轨旁无线单元/应用模块Application P……APAM:ATO功率放大板块 API：应用程序接口 APR：绝对位置参考应答器、信标 AR：自动折返驾驶/列车自动折返模式 ARS：列车进路设定 AS：管理服务器/接入交换机Access Switch ASK：数字调幅、幅移键控 ATB：自动折返按钮Automatic Turnback Button ATC：列车自动控制系统 ATI：列车到达时刻显示器 ATO：列车自动运行 ATP：列车自动防护 ATR：列车自动调整‘ ATS：列车自动监控Automatic Train Supervision AXC：计轴器 B&A：操作和显示 BAS：环境与设备监控系统

Bd：波特 bond：棒 BS：骨干交换机Backbone Switch BUMA：总线控制板 CA:控制中心自动控制模、中央自动模式 CAN：现场总线 CAZ：冲突防护区域’ CBI:计算机联锁Computer Based Interlocking CBN：通信系统 CBTC：基于通信的列车控制Communication Based Train Control CC：车载控制器Carborne Controller CCTE：车载安全计算机（包括ATP/ATO子系统） CCTV：闭路电视/电视监视器 CD：载频检测模块 CDM：电码检测模块 CDTA：中央数据传输系统 CE：控制设备 CENELEC：欧洲电工标准委员会 CESB：中央紧急停车按钮 CER：控制室 CG：编码发生器 CH：校核信号 CI：计算机联锁Computer Based Interlocking CLC：线路控制器 CLOW：中央联锁工作站Center Locking Workstation CM：编码人工驾驶模式 COAST：惰行 COM：通信服务器

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现自己的规划而打下一定的基础。 3、个人特质 我比较喜欢团队合作。因为我擅长篮球，篮球是一个团队意识比较强的运动，所以我认为在团队合作的过程当中我能学习到更多的知识，了解别人的想法和独到的见解，同时也能够认识更多的朋友。团队合作能够激发我的工作的热情、鞭策自己努力前进。同时，我能试图用理论分析问题，解决问题，能够顾全大局，喜欢有激情的工作。我相信优秀的人组成的团队会更加优秀。 4、职业价值观 我会考虑这份工作对实现我自身理想有多大帮助，对实现我的目标有多大的铺垫作用。我看重职业能不能有一个好的发展前景，有没有从中不断学习提高我个人能力的机会。当然，工资收入也占有很大的重量。在我毕业后的几年时间里，将会是我职业生涯中非常重要的几年。能否积累一定的经验和知识让自己更加优秀是非常重要的。 5、自我小结 我是一个性格活泼、开朗，同时拥有坚韧，细心，内敛，优秀的思维和良好的团队协作能力的人。 首先，我是城市轨道交通工程技术专业，在以后的生活中我都会以此目标前行，我能够成为一名优秀的负责任的城市轨道交通工程师。其次，在未来的1年—3年期间，我会获得很多的生活阅历以及广大的人脉关系，丰富自己所学的知识，增加自己的社会阅历及更多的工作经验。成为优秀的城市轨道交通规划设计师，并且在3年后创下属于自己的成就，我想我

轨道交通专业名词英文缩写

城市轨道交通专业词汇缩写 AC：信标 ADM：系统管理器 ADU：特征显示单元 AF：音频 AM：列车自动运行驾驶 AMU：ATO匹配单元 AP：接入点、轨旁无线单元 APAM:ATO功率放大板块 API：应用程序接口 APR：绝对位置参考应答器、信标 AR：自动折返驾驶 ARS：列车进路设定 AS：管理服务器 ASK：数字调幅、幅移键控 ATC：列车自动控制系统 ATI：列车到达时刻显示器 ATO：列车自动运行 ATP：列车自动防护 ATR：列车自动调整‘ ATS：列车自动监控 AXC：计轴器 B&A：操作和显示 BAS：环境与设备监控系统 Bd：波特 bond：棒 BUMA：总线控制板 CA:控制中心自动控制模、中央自动模式 CAN：现场总线 CAZ：冲突防护区域’ CBI:计算机联锁 CBN：通信系统 CBTC：基于通信的移动闭塞制式；基于通信的列车控制CCTV：闭路电视 CD：载频检测模块 CDM：电码检测模块 CDTA：中央数据传输系统 CE：控制设备 CENELEC：欧洲电工标准委员会 CESB：中央紧急停车按钮 CER：控制室 CG：编码发生器 CH：校核信号

CI：计算机联锁 CLC：线路控制器 CM：编码人工驾驶模式‘ COM：通信服务器 CPISA：通信处理器 CPS：条件电源块 CPU：中央处理单元 CRC：循环冗余校验 CRT：阴极射线显示器 CS：中央服务器 CSEX：电码系统模拟器扩展 CTC：调度集中 CTS：光数据传输系统 DCC；元件接口模块 DCS:数据通信系统 DCU：数据储存单元 DCR：车站综合控制室 DDS：数字频率合成技术、 DDU：诊断和数据上载单元、诊断和数据更新单元DEBLIMO：闪光元件接口模块 DEM：调节器 DESIMO：信号机元件接口模块 DEWEMO：道岔元件接口模块 DI：列车发车时刻显示器 DIOM：离散输入、输出板块 DOC：驱动输出模块 DOT：倒换方向 DPU：车辆段程序单元 DS：模拟MMI、演示系统、数据服务器 DSP：数字信号处理技术 DSIT：接口控制模块 DT：VCC数据传输 DTC：数字轨道电路 DTI：发车计时器、发车时间表示显示器 DTM：现场LDTS分机 DTS：光纤网、数据传输系统、光纤通信系统读点EBR：紧急制动继电器 EB：紧急制动 ECC：元件接口模块 EFAST：列车控制元件接口模块 EFID：入口馈电设备 EPROM：只读储存器 ESB、ESP：紧急关闭按钮 ESS：紧急车站停车系统

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城市轨道交通运营管理专业 申请广州市示范性建设专业自评报告 广州铁路职业技术学院 2008年10月

目录 一、专业发展与基本概况 (1) （一）专业发展历程 (1) （二）专业基本概况 (1) 二、专业建设与改革成效 (6) （一）服务区域经济，明确专业定位和办学思路 (6) （二）依托轨道交通企业，推行“双元双环一体，三师三轨并行”的人才培养模式 (7) （三）“三师”并行，打造高水平教学团队 (8) （四）能力本位，致力教学改革 (9) （五）双赢互利，多方位开展产学研合作 (11) （六）质量取胜，人才培养质量得到认可 (13) 三、专业建设展望 (14) （一）全方位、深层次推进校企合作 (14) （二）进一步加强实践教学资源建设 (15) （三）进一步深化课程体系的改革 (15) 专业特色 (16) 附：自评结果 (19)

一、专业发展与基本概况 （一）专业发展历程 广州铁路职业技术学院是广东省人民政府批准、教育部备案、广州市市属的全日制公办普通高等职业院校，也是华南地区唯一以轨道交通专业为特色的高职院校。作为铁路行业的老牌院校，我校自1975年开始开办铁道运输专业，至今已有30余年的办学历史，先后为广州铁路（集团）公司、柳州铁路局等铁路企业培养了几千名运营管理类技术骨干。 为适应广州地铁建设与运营需求， 1995年我校与成立不久的广州地铁公司合作开办了地铁运输大专班，是国内最早开办订单式地铁运输班的院校之一。目前该班大部分学生已成为广州地铁、深圳地铁运营管理部门技术管理骨干力量。学院成立后，2001年开始招收铁道运输高职学生43人，其中被深圳地铁、广州地铁录用的32人均已成为公司业务骨干。 随着城市轨道交通的蓬勃发展，城市轨道交通运营管理人才需求量急剧增加。我院本着服务区域经济，瞄准市场需求的原则，在实力较强的“铁道运输”专业师资和实训条件基础上加大专业规划和建设力度，2004年按照教育部批准的高职专业设置目录正式以城市轨道交通运营管理专业招生。多年的专业沉淀以及遍布在铁路及城市轨道交通企业的优秀毕业生为专业赢得了声誉。贴近企业的办学思想使专业呈现出“进口旺、出口畅”的良好局面（见表1）。 表1 近三年运营专业学生招生、就业情况 （二）专业基本概况 1．专兼职教学团队结构合理。本专业现有学生486人，专任教师12名，其中具有“双师”素质教师8人，占67%，具有企业生产一线工作经历的7人，占58％；主讲

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第一章 1、理解什么是轨道交通 通常以电能为动力，采取轮轨运转方式的快速大运量公共交通之总称。 2、了解轨道交通类型 按运输能力及车辆类型分：大运量的地铁，中等运量的轻轨，较小运量的有轨电车等。 按技术标准分：有常规的钢轮钢轨系统，也有胶轮系统，还有线性电机牵引的轨道交通、跨座式和悬挂式的单轨交通、磁悬浮的轨道交通等多种系统。 3、能识别我国主要城市地铁标志：北京、广州、深圳、香港、上海、天津、南京、台湾 4、了解广州地铁已经运营的线路的有那几条，各线路的起点和终点的名称是什么？ 第二章 1、地铁车辆有动车和拖车、带司机室车和不带司机室车。 A 型－带司机室拖车 B 型－无司机室带受电弓的动车 C 型－无司机室不带受电弓的动车 在我国常用的有3种编组形式：4节编组、6节编组和8节编组。 城市轨道交通车辆由车体、转向架、车钩缓冲装置、制动装置、受流装置、车辆内部设备、电气系统、列车控制和诊断系统和乘客信

息系统等部分组成。 2、车体是容纳乘客和司机（如有司机室时）的地方，多采用整体承载的不锈钢结构、铝合金结构或复合材料结构。车体本身又包括底架、端墙、侧墙及车顶等部分。 3、转向架装设于车体与轨道之间，是车辆的走行部分。车辆的连接是通过车钩实现的，车钩后部一般需要装设缓冲装置，以缓和列车运动中的冲击力。 4、制动装置是保证列车运行安全的装置。无论动车或拖车均需设摩擦制动装置。城市轨道车辆的制动装置除常规的空气制动装置外，还有再生制动、电阻制动以及磁轨制动（轻轨车辆上常用的方式）。 5、广州地铁已运营的线路中那些线路的车辆使用的是直线电机？ 6、车门种类：地铁车辆车门包括客室车门、紧急疏散安全门、司机室侧门、司机室通道门。 客室车门的安装方式：内藏嵌入式侧移门、外挂式移门、塞拉门、外摆式车门。 客室车门的驱动方式：电动门和风动门。 客室车门的控制：车门电气控制系统。 7、车钩缓冲装置是用于使车辆与车辆，机车或动车相互连挂，传递牵引力，制动力并缓和纵向冲击力的车辆部件。包括车钩，缓冲器、电路联接器和气路联接器，安装于车底架构端的牵引梁内。 8、车钩分为：自动车钩、半自动车钩及半永久车钩等。 为了实现挂钩或摘钩，使车辆连接或分离，车钩具有以下三种位置，

城市轨道交通专业英语翻译题

一单元；1、A maglev is a type of train that is suspended in the air above a single track ,and propelled using the repulsive and attractive forces of magnetism 是一种类型的磁悬浮列车悬浮在空中上面一条清晰的足迹,和推进的反感和有吸引力的部队使用的磁性 2、Japan and Germany are active in maglev research ,producing several different approaches and designs . 日本和德国都活跃在磁悬浮研究、生产几种不同的方法和设计。 3、The effect of a powerful magnetic field on the human body is largely unknown 一个强大的影响磁场对人体是未知 4 ，Some space agencies are researching the use of maglev systems to launch spacecraft 一些空间研究机构磁悬浮系统使用发射的宇宙飞船里踱步 5，Inductrack(感应轨) was originally developed as a magnetic motor and bearing for a flywheel to store power Inductrack最初是作为一个磁轴承飞轮电机和一个存储能力 二单元；1，A classification yard is railroad yard found at some freight train stations , used to separate railroad cars on to one of several tracks 一个分类码是发现在一些货运铁路院子火车站,用来分离的一个铁路汽车在几条轨道 2,There are three types of classification yards : flat-shunted yards ,hump yards and gravity yards 有三种类型的分类码:flat-shunted码,驼峰码和重力码 3,F reight trains which consist of isolated cars must be made into trains and divided according to their destinations 货运列车由孤立的车辆必须制成火车和划分根据他们的目的地 4,The tracks lead into a flat shunting neck at one or both ends of the yard where the cars are pushed to sort then into the right track 铁轨引到一个平面并联脖颈一个或两端的院子里的汽车被推到分类然后进入正确的轨道5,they are operated either pneumatically or hydraulically 他们要么气动或液压操作 三单元1，The most difficult distinction to draw is that between light rail and streetcar or tram systems. 最困难的区别之间画是轻轨和电车或电车系统。 2,Light rail is generally powered by electricity ,usually by means of overhead wires ,but sometimes by a live rail ,also called third rail . 轻轨一般是靠电力,通常采用架空导线,但有时是由生活轨道,也被称为第三轨道。 3, Automatic operation is more common in smaller people mover systems than in light rail systems . 自动操作是较常见的系统在较小的人比原动机轻轨系统。 4, Many modern light rail projects re-use parts of old rail networks ,such as abandoned industrial rail lines 许多现代轻轨项目重复旧的铁路网络部分,比如废弃工业铁路线 5, Light rail trolleys are heavier per pound of cargo carried than heavy rail cars or monorail cars 轻轨电车每磅重的货物进行重轨车比或单轨车

轨道交通专业英语词汇整理

assistant line辅助线 automatic fare collection自动售检票设备 automatic train control(ATC)列车自动控制 automatic train operation(ATO)列车自动运行 automatic train protection(ATP)列车自动防护 automatic train supervision(ATS)列车自动监控 AW0空载 AW1每位乘客都有座位 AW2每平方米6人 broken rail force of seamless track无缝线路断轨力 Building Automation System建筑设备自动化系统 centralized power supply mode集中式供电 centralized traffic control(CTC)调度集中 close made operation闭式运行(主要靠人工空调系统，并装风帘和屏蔽门来隔绝外界) combined power supply mode混合式供电 combined sewer system合流制排放 combined substation牵引降压混合变电所 computed length of platform站台计算长度 concentration supervisory control and management集中监控和管理 connecting line联络线(在不同线路之间起连接作用的线，就叫联络线（即地铁线路之间的联络线和地铁与国铁的联络线） cover and cut-bottom up盖挖顺筑法 cover and cut-top down盖挖逆筑法 cut and cover明挖法 deformation joint变形缝 depot车辆段

(完整版)城市轨道交通工程

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城市轨道交通专业术语

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城市轨道交通专业英语

城市轨道交通专业英语 flat fare 单一票制 swipe 在解码器上刷（卡）interchange station 换乘站concourse 站厅automation vending machine 自动售票机wheel chair lift 残疾人牵引车station operator 站务员 crowd management plants 客流控制 entry gate 入闸机 security check 安检 mind the gap 小心台阶间跨度classification 编组 6-car set/unit 六节编组 motor car 动车 trailer 拖车 pantograph 受电弓 cab 驾驶室 bogie 转向架 coupler buffer connecting device 车钩缓冲连接装置

brake device: 制动装置: air brake 空气制动rheostatic brake 电阻制动regenerative brake 再生制动electromagnetic rail brake 磁轨制动 current collector 受流装置conductor rail collector 第三轨受电器shoegear 受电靴装置collector shoe 受电靴interior equipment 车辆内部设备 Electricity 车电Ventilation 通风Heating 取暖 Air conditioning 空调 Seat 座椅Handle 拉手 Device system： 设备装置

Storage battery box 蓄电池箱 Relay case 继电器箱 Main control box 主控制箱 Motor air compression unit 电动空气压缩机组Power source transformer 电源变压器Electrical switch 电气开关Contactor box 接触器箱 Electrical system： 车辆电气系统： Power circuit 动力电路 Main circuit 主电路 Auxiliary circuit 辅助电路 Control circuit 控制电路 ATO（Automatic Train Operation）列车自动运行系统ATP（Automatic Train Protection）列车自动保护系统ATS（Automatic Train Supervision）列车自动监控系统ATC（Automatic Train control system）列车自动控制系统Console 操作台Unmanned 无人驾驶的Platform screen door 屏蔽门

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城市轨道交通概论总结 项目1城市轨道基础 任务1概论 定义：城市中使用车辆在固定导轨上运行并主要运用于城市客运的交通系统特点：快捷，准时，舒适，安全，运能大，污染少.耗能低，占地面积少。 缺点：建设投入大，线路无再利用价值，运营成本高，技术条件要求高等。 城市轨道交通的分类 1：高峰小时单向运输能力划分： （1）高运量系统（高峰小时4.5万—7万人） （2）大运量（高峰小时2.5万—5万人） （3）中运量（高峰小时1.5万—3万人） 2：按轨道交通空间位置划分 （1）地下轨道 （2）地面铁路 （3）高架铁路 3：按轨道形式划分 （1）重轨铁路 （2）轻轨铁路 （3）独轨铁路 4：按支撑导向制式划分 （1）钢轮双轨系统 （2）胶轮单轨系统 （3）胶轮导轨系统 5：按线路隔离程度划分 （1）全隔离 （2）半隔离 （3）不隔离

6:按服务区域分类划分 （1）市郊铁路 （2）市内铁路 （3）区域快速铁路 7：按列车运行控制方式的不同划分（1）按信号控制列车运行 （2）按视线可见距离控制列车运行主要形式： （1）地下铁路 （2）有轨电车 （3）轻轨铁路 （4）市郊铁路 （5）独轨铁路 （6）磁悬浮交通等

城市轨道交通相关专业介绍

一、专业介绍 城市轨道交通车辆技术专业于2006年开设。公办专科，学制3年，招收理科高中毕业生。 城市轨道交通车辆技术专业是针对轨道交通运输行业的特色专业，2008年“高速铁路机车车辆实训基地”立项为省级实训基地；2012年城市轨道交通车辆技术专业被确定为江苏省“十二五”高等学校重点专业群建设专业之一。目前是中国职业技术教育学会城轨车辆专业教学指导委员会委员单位。本专业在师资力量、实习实训条件、教科研等各方面的发展走在了全国同类高职院校的前列。本专业依托轨道交通行业，立足长三角区域，发挥专业资源优势，与南京地铁公司共同组建“地铁学院”，表现出了“订单培养就业好、校企联动技能强、人才培养成效优”的专业建设成效。形成了服务企业需要的“订单式”人才培养模式，构筑了“校企联动”的专业实践教学体系，为轨道交通行业发展提供强有力的人才支撑。在举办过唯一轨道类全国职业院校技能大赛中，于2013、2014年连续两年在全国职业院校技能大赛城市轨道交通运营与维护赛项中获得全国一等奖。 二、培养目标 本专业主要面向城市轨道交通车辆运营、检修和制造企业一线岗位。培养具有高职文化素养和职业道德、具有规范操作、敬业爱岗、团结协作、安全意识强、服从统一指挥的职业素质；熟悉有关城轨交通技术管理规程及规章；掌握城轨车辆的运用、维护、检修、制造的生产组织和技术、经济管理的基本知识；具备城轨列车驾驶、日常维护、检修和管理、制造等方面的基本技能；能从事城轨列车驾驶员、检修员、生产制造等岗位的工作。具有不断学习、持续发展的能力，面向生产、建设、服务、管理等工作岗位需要的高素质技术技能型人才。 三、主要课程 城轨车辆机械装置维护与检修、城轨车辆电机与电器、城轨车辆控制系统维护与检修、城轨车辆运营与规章、城轨车辆检修工艺与管理等。 四、升学途径 北京交通大学本科继续教育函授工作站、相关专业本科院校。

城市轨道交通运营管理专业期末复习题名词解释

名词解释： 1：大客流定义：大客流是指车站在某一时段集中到达的，客流量超过车站正常客运设施或客运组织措所能承担的客流量时的客流。 2：一级大客流：一级大客流的判定标准：各车站根据本站的正常乘客数量进行比较，站台聚集人数达到或大于站台有效区域的80%，并且持续时间大于实际行车间隔时间。这种情况给乘客及轨道运营安全造成影响，存在明显的安全隐患。 3：二级大客流：二级大客流的判定标准：各车站根据本站的正常乘客数量进行比较，站台聚集人数达到站台有效区域的70%，并有持续不断上升的趋势。这种情况下，乘客的正常出行和轨道交通所提供的服务水平受到一定程度影响，车站比较拥挤，乘客感觉比较压抑但尚未对乘客及轨道交通运营安全造成影响。4：突发事件：突发事件是指在没有任何征兆的情况下，在城市轨道交通车站内，列车上或其他设备设施内突然发生的危及人身安全的事件，如自然灾害地震，人为因素爆炸，设备故障火灾等。突发事件发生时在车站内或列车上的客流均称为突发事件客流。各车站应根据本站具体情况建立切实可行的突发事件客流组织预案，合理安排各岗位和地点的具体工作，迅速疏散客流，避免意外发生，扩大和蔓延。 5：三品：易燃易爆，危险品 6：票务差错和票务违章：票务差错是指与票务有关的岗位在日常票务运作（包括管理，设备操作作业）过程中因工作疏忽而造成轻微损失或影响的违章行为。票务违章则是指与票务有关的各岗位因工作疏忽而造成较大损失的违规行为或是损失轻微但违规人员带有恶意企图行为。 7：四不放过：即违章原因分析不清不放过，责任者和员工没有受到教育不放过，没有制定防范措施不放过，责任者没有受到处理不放过 8：TVM：（自动售票机）自动售票机属于自动售票设备，一般安装在地铁车站的非付费区内，用于乘客自动购买单程票。自动售票机接受纸币或硬币，并能自动出票和找零。该设备能存储交易数据，工作状态记录和运营的参数，通过网络和车站计算机，实时上传工作状态和交易数据，接受车站计算机的控制命令并相应执行。 9: TCM：（自动验票机）自动验票机是车站自动售票系统中的自动查询设备，安装在地铁车站的非付费区，为乘客提供车票自动查验服务，可查询车票的有效性（包括密钥的合法性，车票锁闭标志，票种合法性，有效期等），对有效地车票还可查询车票类型，剩余金额或剩余次数（仅对计次票），车票使用有效期以及历史交易信息。自动验票机主要由乘客显示单元，车票读写模板，主控单元，机壳等组成。 10：环控系统：环控系统简称BAS。地铁环境影响乘客和操作人员的舒适性，这些影响因素包括：湿度，温度，空气流动，噪声，灰尘，气味等。因此，要满足人体舒适度而对地铁环境进行控制 11：AW2:客车定员载荷按6人/m^2 12：岛式站台：上下行线分布在站台两侧。站台面积可以得到充分利用，乘客换乘方便。 13：导向标识系统：是指引导乘客安全，便捷地进站，购票，乘车，出站和换乘等行为而连贯设置城轨站外，站内和列车上的一系列标识的总称，包括在紧急情况下进行客流疏散所设的紧急疏散标识。

城市轨道交通词汇

城市轨道交通urban rail transit/mass transit 设计使用年限designed lifetime 运营概念operation concept 旅行速度operation speed 限界gauge Platform Screen Doors (PSD) 安全门 正线main line 辅助线assistant line 联络线connecting line 试车线testing line 轨道结构track structure 轨距gauge of track 无缝线路seamless track 整体道床monolithic track-bed 路基subgrade 站台计算长度computed length of platform 车站公共区public zone of station 无缝线路纵向水平力longitudinal horizontal force of seamless track 无缝线路断轨力broken rail force of seamless track 名挖法cut and cover 盖挖顺筑法cover and cut-bottom up

盖挖逆筑法cover and cut-top down 矿山法mining method 盾构法shield method 沉管法immersed tube method 防水等级grade of waterproof 变形缝deformation joint 刚柔结合的密封区rigid-flexible joint of sealed zone 开式运行open made operation 闭式运行close made operation 活塞通风piston action ventilation 合流制排放combined sewer system 集中式供电centralized power supply mode 分散式供电distribute power supply mode 混合式供电combined power supply mode 主变电所high voltage substation 牵引降压混合变电所combined substation 杂散电流stray current 同步数字传输系统synchronous digital hierarchy transmission system(SDH) 全球定位系统global position system(GPS) 列车自动控制automatic train control(ATC) 列车自动监控automatic train supervision(ATS)

城市轨道交通运营管理专业培养方案

城市轨道交通运营管理专业培养方案

城市轨道交通运营管理专业培养方案 一、培养目标 1、总体目标 本专业培养熟悉城市轨道交通企业生产管理业务，能熟练操作城市轨道交通相关设备设施，掌握城市轨道交通方面的基本理论与实际操作，具有较强的服务沟通能力、较强的服务她人意识和常见英语口语交流的高素质技能型人才。 2、专业培养目标 本专业旨在立足城市轨道交通服务，采取“订单班”培养模式，经过三年的专业课学习，使学生掌握轨道交通基本行车组织知识，客运组织与服务等方面的专业知识，具备城市轨道交通运营管理能力，取得相关岗位职业资格证书。 3、就业岗位 学生经过三年的学习，使本专业学生能够胜任从事城市轨道交通企业一线服务与管理岗位的能力，同时还能够从事交通运输类的辅助性岗位工作。本专业毕业生主要就业单位是城市轨道交通集团和其它城市的交通运输企事业单位及下属企业。 对应的主要岗位有：客运员、站务员、值班员、票务员以及运营管理员等相关岗位。 二、招生对象、学制及毕业要求 1、招生对象：普通初中毕业生 2、学制：三年

3、毕业要求 （1）、修完计划规定的所有课程和实习环节，完成教学规定考试 （2）、经过学校规定的学生德育操行测评 （3）、获得一项以上职业资格技能证书 三、知识结构要求 1. 掌握语文、数学、外语、政治等本专业所需的文化基础知识。 2. 了解交通服务、交通安全、交通法规方面的基本知识。 3. 初步掌握城市轨道交通的运营、安全、管理、调度、组织等方面有关的基础理论知识。 四、能力结构要求 1. 具有一定的计算机办公操作能力。 2．具备一定的城市轨道交通运营服务、组织调度、票务管理、车务管理等专业能力。 3．具有较强的表示、沟通、协调能力。 4. 具有一定的公共安全管理能力。 五、课程设置及教学要求 （一）文化基础课 1. 德育 （1）职业生涯规划 中职毕业生的高就业率一直是社会关注的热点，但就业的稳定性、就业质量不高，主要是因为中职生在专业选择、就业定位和未来发展等方面普遍存在着较大的盲目性，很多学生对自己的未来职业缺少规划，不

2016级城市轨道交通专业2017春季期末考试城市轨道交通安全管理试题和答案

《城市轨道交通安全管理》测试题 本试题共六个大题，总分100分，测试时间90分钟 一.判断题（每题1分，共10个题合计10分；对的在括号内打“√”，错的打“X”）： 1.安全泛指没有危险、不出事故的状态，生产过程中的安全指不发生工伤事故、职业病、设备或财产损失。（） 2.城市轨道交通应急救援体系的应急机制之一“属地为主”是强调“第一反应”的思想和以“现场应急、现场指挥为主”的原则。（） 3.安全生产管理的基本对象仅包括企业的员工。（） 4.我国安全生产工作的基本方针是“安全第一，预防为主”。（） 5.我国城市轨道交通牵引供电系统输送给列车的是交流电。（） 6. 列车司机除熟练掌握列车驾驶知识外，还应经消防专业培训合格 后持证上岗，并应履行其职责。（） 7.需要在轨行区内进行的抢修作业和可能侵入轨行区抢修作业，必须在周末进行。（） 8.城市轨道交通发生火灾比地面建筑物中发生火灾更具有危险性。（） 9. 安全标志的作用是引起人们对不安全因素的注意,以达到预防事故 发生的目的，但不能代替安全操作规章和安全防护措施。（） 10..特种设备作业人员必须持有效《特种设备作业人员证》上岗操作

设备。（） 二．单项选择题（每题2分，共14个题合计28分；把唯一正确答案填写在括号内）： 1.根据我国相关法律规定的规定，（）是我国城市轨道交通系统运营的安全管理方针。 服从领导D. 预防为主C. 安全第一B. 安全第一，预防为主A. 2.在车站、车辆基地内所有与行车、调车作业有关的危机人身和设备安全的事件属于（）。 A .行车事故 B.客运事故 C.自然灾害事故 D.人为事故 3.安全标志是用来表达特定安全信息的标志，由图形符号、（）、几何边框和或文字构成。 A.安全色 B.红色 C.背景色 D.对比色 4.施工计划按时间的不同可分为临时补修计划、月计划、周计划、（）。 A.日计划 B.年计划 C.日补充计划 D.补充计划 5.关于施工批准权限，若是在车辆段内且影响了正线的施工，不仅要找车辆段调度，还要找（）批准。 A.车站 B.车辆段调度 C.站长 D.行车调度 6.抢修工作执行部门原则上在工程车到达后（）分钟内完成装载设备、物品等工作，并安排跟车人员上车。

城市轨道交通常用词汇缩写汇总

本帖最后由吴伟益于 2010-5-29 23:30 编辑 自己整理的哦，希望对大家有用~有兴趣的可以看看~ 城市轨道交通专业词汇缩写 AC：信标 ADM：系统管理器 ADU：特征显示单元 AF：音频 AM：列车自动运行驾驶 AMU：ATO匹配单元 AP：接入点、轨旁无线单元 APAM:ATO功率放大板块 API：应用程序接口 APR：绝对位置参考应答器、信标 AR：自动折返驾驶 ARS：列车进路设定 AS：管理服务器 ASK：数字调幅、幅移键控 ATC：列车自动控制系统 ATI：列车到达时刻显示器 ATO：列车自动运行 ATP：列车自动防护 ATR：列车自动调整‘ ATS：列车自动监控 AXC：计轴器 B&A：操作和显示 BAS：环境与设备监控系统 Bd：波特 bond：棒 BUMA：总线控制板 CA:控制中心自动控制模、中央自动模式 CAN：现场总线 CAZ：冲突防护区域’ CBI:计算机联锁 CBN：通信系统

CBTC：基于通信的移动闭塞制式；基于通信的列车控制CCTV：闭路电视 CD：载频检测模块 CDM：电码检测模块 CDTA：中央数据传输系统 CE：控制设备 CENELEC：欧洲电工标准委员会 CESB：中央紧急停车按钮 CER：控制室 CG：编码发生器 CH：校核信号 CI：计算机联锁 CLC：线路控制器 CM：编码人工驾驶模式‘ COM：通信服务器 CPISA：通信处理器 CPS：条件电源块 CPU：中央处理单元 CRC：循环冗余校验 CRT：阴极射线显示器 CS：中央服务器 CSEX：电码系统模拟器扩展 CTC：调度集中 CTS：光数据传输系统 DCC；元件接口模块 DCS:数据通信系统 DCU：数据储存单元 DCR：车站综合控制室 DDS：数字频率合成技术、 DDU：诊断和数据上载单元、诊断和数据更新单元DEBLIMO：闪光元件接口模块 DEM：调节器 DESIMO：信号机元件接口模块 DEWEMO：道岔元件接口模块 DI：列车发车时刻显示器 DIOM：离散输入、输出板块 DOC：驱动输出模块 DOT：倒换方向 DPU：车辆段程序单元 DS：模拟MMI、演示系统、数据服务器 DSP：数字信号处理技术 DSIT：接口控制模块 DT：VCC数据传输 DTC：数字轨道电路