Unit 2《English around the World》Learning about Language学案11(人教版必修1)

Good morning ,everyone. It`s my great pleasure to stand here to present my lesson plan. It is a reading type lesson. The reading material is from PEP NSEFC Module1 Unit2----English around the World. The topic of this unit is English language, its development and different kinds of English. This passage talks about the development of English, from old English to Modern English.The analysis and rearrangement of teaching materialTo help students understand better , I have made following rearrangement .Since Para.1 and para.5 both talk about the English spread in space. Para.3 and para.4 both talk about the development of English in the time order. And para.4 mentioned the difference between British English and American English in spelling , students will follow to learn another difference in para2, ,which is the different English expression. So the teaching order is not from para.1 to para.5 one by one, instead, firstly, para1 and para5, secondly, para3 and para4 and lastly, para2. With the two clear clue, Ss will understand the passage more logically and easily.The analysis of learning conditionAs the center of my class, my students have already acquired a certain amount of words and expressions , and equipped with basic reading skills, which make it possible to generally understand the passage. While they have learned English for several years, they are still in lack of the background knowledge of the English, such as the history of English , how it changes and why. What`s more, they need more chance to practice the reading skills, so that they can use correctly and freely.Concerning of the teaching material and my students` learning condition , I set following achievable and practical Learning ObjectivesBy the end of the lesson, Ss will be able to achieve theLanguage skills1)As a famous linguistic said “reading is a psycholinguistic guessing game”, prediction ability plays an important role on reading effectively and efficiently. So in this lesson, students will continually practice such ability to guess “ road” mean , and based on the understanding of the title to predict the reading content.2)Another main reading skill to develop is to get the main information--- finding the key words in a sentence to summarize the English feature in different time3)Since reading as a input process, students need to transfer the information into their own , so retelling is a good way to check their learning. Students will ask to retell the passage with the help of the offered clues and key words, so their speaking ability will have another practice.2. Language knowledge1)Know the meaning and usage of new words, phrases and sentences properly, such as: rule(used as a verb), make voyage to conquer ect. Whats` more , they can use it correctly and freely2)Ss will have deeper understand the topic of English and Know the difference betweenAmerican English and British English in spelling and expression. And the terms of “first language “ ,” second language , “ foreign language “.3. AffectsStudents will have deeper impression of the popularity of English speaking by being offered the specific figures , so they will realize the importance of learning English and have higher motivation to learn. Additionally, they can consider a language age as an developing process instead of a static one.4. Learning strategies1) communicate strategy:According to the new curriculum criteria, the teaching process should be an interactive process: by interacting with teacher and classmates, students can achieve accomplishments easily and happily . so students will encouraged to communicate with others in English politely and fluently not only in class but also after class.2) resource strategySs can develop their resource strategy by searching the internet to learn more about the English language.5. Cultural awareness1) Since language as the media of culture, students will realize that learning a language and learning its history should be hand in hand. So while learning the development of English, students will consider more about the history. Only by doing so, they will have a wild cultural mind.2) Since many important person played important roles in English development, students will learn from such famous person by getting more information.Language focuses1.Predicting, scanning and retelling2.The new words and expressions and the language points which are associated with them3.The development of EnglishAnticipated difficulties1.Employ different reading skills to understand the text accurately.2.Grasp the knowledge about the development of English and retell it.Teaching methodsAccording to Stanovich `s opinion :reading is an interactive process, involving knowledge of the world and various types of language knowledge , any of which may interact with any other to contribute to text comprehension. So I mainly adopt interactive- compensatory approach. Teaching aidsMultimedia devices and PPT documentsTeaching procedure:Now I will present my teaching procedure. I mainly adopt the three –stage models: pre-reading; wile-reading; post-readinglead in (5mins)At the beginning of the class, I will lead in the reading material by the following two activities: First I will offer two pictures. One is a piece of written paper, which looks like musical composition, and another picture is a ring, on which carves the unfamiliar words . I will ask them to guess what are they , and lead to the answer that they are old English. By creating theinformation gap, students will have a high motivation to learn more about old English .The second activity is that I will encourage students to try to translate four sentences take from Robert burns: red, red rose.During the process, students will not only realize the difference between old English and modern English but also enjoy the pleasure of translation.These two lead-in activities will naturally arouse their motivation to know what has actually happened to English. So, it would be easy for my students to learn that the word”road “in the tile ,which mean the “development”While-readingStep1 fast reading (6mins)Ativity1:After understanding the title, students will ask to predict how would the author illustrate the development of modern English ,if he or she was the writer what aspects of English would be mentioned. Activity2:Then skimming the passage to check their prediction and get that the whole passage can be divide two parts: one is the way of English spread, which is in the space aspect, and the other is about the way of English change, which is in the time order. With this two clues ,students will have a clear understand of the passage.Step2 careful reading p1/5 (10mins)Activity1Before learning the English spread, I will ask students to guess how many people are speaking English ,how many countries take English as their official language. By making the contrast the English use in 16c ,students will realize the popularity of English and the importance of learning English .Activity 2Then students will go though paragraph1 and 5 to list the English spoken countries, and learn the difference of the terms : first language, second language , foreign language .Activity 3Students read paragraph1 and 5 again and find when and why English began to spoken in other countries. So the students will learn about the history of British exploration age and learn the important term “ make voyage to conquer”, and the new word “ colony”Activity 4guess “where am I from”While the spreading, English has borrowed many words from other countries, so students will try to match the words with the country they come from. This interesting activity will help students to realize that if we want to keep a language alive, we must keep a wide mind to keep up with the tome and bring into others` wordStep 3 careful reading p2-4 (15mins)Activity 1.Read p3-4 to find the key time, and fill in the blanks of the table,which is about the English feature in certain time. As the passage mentions many important person who made great contribution to the English change , I will add more personal information to help students better understandActivity 2.Since the p4 mentioned the American English identity, students after learning the different spelling of some words, they will ask to read p2 to learn different expression .Post-reading1.Retell the passage (8mins)You are supposed to be English linguistic teachers, and this is the first class of the new term , you have to give a brief introduction of the development of modern English to your students . Homework (1mins)1.Search the internet or read books to learn more about the English language and the Britishhistory2.Discuss why people all over the world are speaking English, will such phenomena kill thelanguage diversity ?At last, it’s my blackboard design. On the right, they are the key language points. In the mi ddle, it’s the outline of the passage.。

Unit2 English around the world教案示例四The Forth Period ReadingI. Teaching Aims:1.To learn the text“English around the world”.2.To get the students to revise the direct speech and indirect speech.3.Get the students to master the words and expressions in the text.II. Teaching Important Points:1.To get the students to master the words and expressions in the text.2. To revise the direct speech and indirect speech..III. Teaching Difficult Point:The words and expressions in the text.IV. Teaching Methods:1.Fast-reading to train the students’ reading speed.2.Reading comprehension to help the students grasp the main idea of the text.3.Practise getting the students to master what they’ve learned.V. Teaching Aids:1.a recorder2.a projector and some slidesVI. Teaching Procedures:Step Ⅰ.Greetings and RevisionGreet the whole class as usual.To get the students to revise the direct speech and indirect speech.Tell the students what the dos and don’ts are.And then turn to page 12, and look at the part 3first.Page 93---2Step II. Languages.1. However , the number of people who learn English as a foreign language is more than 750 million.the number of …..：。

unit2_English_around_the_world教案Unit 2 English around the worldPeriod 1Warming Up& Pre-readingTeaching aims: To make Ss to get to know some differences between British English and American English.Important and difficult points: To tell and grasp the differences between British English and American English.Teaching procedures:TO arouse the students’ interest and lead in the topic, the teacher can organize some activities. Step1: T：We have learned something about friendship in unit 1. Do you know what problems they will meet if a British boy wants to make friend with an American boy?Step2. Let Ss discuss how many countries use English as their official language and which countries.(教师可通过PPT的形式，借助以英语为官⽅语⾔的国家国旗和世界地图来辅助完成) And do you know that there is more than one kind of English? Ss may list America, Britain, Canada, Australia……Teacher writes “American English, British English, Canadian English, and Australian English……T: Are the Englishes talked around the world all the same? （先让学⽣⾃由讨论，然后⽼师播放⼀段来⾃不同国家的母语为英语的外国⼈的视频）Step3. Get the Ss to discuss in groups about the differences between American English and British English, and give some examples.a. Can you understand the different kinds of English these people are using?Speaker1: Let’s go to the pictures?Speaker2: Ok. But how shall we go to the movies?Speaker1: Why not go by underground?Speaker2: Er, but the subway station is far away.When you hear two native speakers of English, they may still not speak the same kind of English. Situation discussionJack is a British boy. He went to America for a trip in this summer vacation. The first day he went to a restaurant and looked around for a toilet. When he asked the waitress, she told him it is on the second floor. Jack went up two floors only to find empty rooms.Where is the toilet?BSpeaker1: Can you tell me how to spell the word “neighbor”?Speaker2: N-E-I-G-H-B-O-U-R, neighbour.Summary: Main differencesSpelling, pronunciation and vocabularyPeriod 2Reading and ComprehendingTeaching aims:1、To get students to have a general view about the historical development of English.2、To get students to know different kinds of English around the world, especially the differences between British English and American English.3、To i mprove the students’ reading ability.Important points：1、How to improve the students’ reading ability.2、How to make students enlarge their knowledge on English through reading.Difficult points:1、To be able to get the main idea from the text.2、To be able to use the different reading strategies for different purposes.3、Expressing one’s ideas why one should learn English.Teaching procedures:Step1: Lead-in1. Why should we learn English?Step2SkimmingRead quickly to get the main idea of the text.1. The text mainly tells us ___________.A. that old English is different from the English todayB. how Middle English formedC. English and its historyD. that English will keep changing2. The text is developed mainly by ____.A. placeB. timeC. peopleStep3Scanning【答案】 1.England 2.based 3.German 4.vocabulary5．change /doc/5eed1d4e915f804d2b16c193.html cation9.learners10.identityStep4DiscussionWork in groups. Discuss the following question and then ask two groups to report their answers to the class. 1. Why do you think more people in the world now want to learn Chinese?Period 3 Language pointsTeaching aims: To make Ss to know the meanings of the important words and phrases and master their usages. Important and difficult points：To master the important words and phrases.Teaching procedures:1、the road to modern English常与to连⽤的名词：key, answer, entrance, monument……e. g: the key to the bike, the entrance exam to collegeThere stands a Monument to the People’s Heroes on the hill.2、Do you know that there is more than one kind of English？(P9)你知道英语不⽌⼀种吗？more than的⽤法(1)more than ⽤在数字前，意为“⽐…..多；超过……” 意为“不⽌⼀个”（含义为复数，但谓语动词⽤单数）。

Unit 2 English around the worldUnit 2 English around the World Period 4 Learning about Language 1锛嶵eaching aims Ss will be able to use direct speech and indirect speech 2. Teaching important point Summarize the rules of Direct Speech and Indirect Speech. 3. Teaching difficult point Learn about the special cases in which the tenses shouldn鈥檛be changed. 4. Teaching methods Discussing, summarizing and practicing. 5. Teaching procedures Step 1.Discovering useful words and expressions 1. Work in pairs. Do exercises 1, 2, 3 and 4. Then check the answer you鈥檙e your classmates. The teacher helps the students discover the difference in prepositions. 2. Revise the phrases be different from, pay a role(part) in, because of, in/on a team, the number of/a number of, than ever before, even if, comp up to, over time, communicate with, be based on, make use of, have one鈥檚own identity, such as, Only time can tell, native speaker,Step2.Direct and Indirect Speech Revise the grammar of unit 1 Please change the direct speech into indirect speech 1. He said, 鈥淚鈥檓going to Beijing tomorrow. 2. 鈥淲hat a lovely girl!鈥?they said. 3. He asked, 鈥淎re you a teacher?鈥?4. 鈥淭his is the craziest thing I have heard of so far,鈥?she thought. 5. Mr Wang said, 鈥淚was born in China in September, 1972.鈥?6. She said, 鈥淭hey had left when I arrived there.鈥?7. She says, 鈥淟iu Fang is good at English.鈥?8. He said, 鈥淭he plane takes off at 6:30 am.鈥?9. He said, 鈥淲here there is a will, the is a way.鈥?10. 鈥?How much do you think it will cost?鈥?he said. Step3 Discovering useful structures 鈪?Request and command Open your books-------------command Please open your books.------ request (polite) Can you open your books please?--------request (polite) Could / would you please open you books? --------request (polite) 1. Make clear the difference between commands and requests and finish the following exercises: 1锛?Go and collect the wood right now. 2锛?Could you go andget the shopping bags, please? 3锛?Shut the door at once. 4锛?Go and get my coat. 5锛?Would you please get that book for me? 2. Summary commands requests Close the door! Please 鈥︹€︹€?. Get me something to eat! Would you please鈥︹€? Speak louder鈥︹€︹€? Could you please鈥︹€?3. Change the commands into requests. Close the door! Speak louder! Keep silent! Get me something to drink鈪?Change a command into an Indirect Speech. told sb (not) to do sth 鈥淥pen the window,鈥漷he teacher said to the students . ---------The teacher told the studentsto open the window. 鈥淒on鈥檛open the window,鈥?the teacher said to the students. ----------The teacher told the students not to open the window. 鈪?Changea request into an Indirect Speech ask(ed) sb (not) to do sth 鈥淥pen the window, please,鈥?the teacher said to the students. --------The teacher asked the students to open the window. 鈥淒on鈥檛open the window ,please,鈥?the teacher said tothe students --------The teacher asked the students not to open the window. 鐗瑰埆鎻愰啋1.绁堜娇鍙ュ彉涓洪棿鎺ュ紩璇紝涓昏浣跨敤鍔ㄨ瘝涓嶅畾寮忋€?2.璋撹鍔ㄨ瘝瑕佸仛涓€瀹氬彉鍖栥€?鈥?琛ㄧず鍛戒护锛岀敤tell锛宱rder锛宑ommand绛夈€傝〃绀鸿姹傦紝鐢╝sk锛宐eg锛宺equest绛夈€傝〃绀哄繝鍛婏紝鐢?advise銆?Step4 Practice 1.鈥淪hut up,鈥漵he said to him. 2.鈥淪peak louder, please,鈥?he said to her. 鈥淐an you speak louder?鈥?he asked her 3.鈥淭ry the lift,鈥?she said to her. 4.鈥淒on鈥檛wait for me,鈥?he said to them. 5.鈥淪top wasting the time,鈥?she said to him. 6.鈥淐an you tell me a story?鈥?the girl asked her father. 7.鈥淔ollow his instructions,鈥?she said to me. 8.鈥淧lease could you come to the reception desk?鈥?she asked him. 9.鈥淐hange your dirty uniform!鈥?he said to the clerk. 10.鈥淐an you lend me five yuan?鈥?he asked me. 11.The English teacher said to us, 鈥淒on鈥檛speak Chinese, speak English.鈥?12.She said to him, 鈥?Don鈥檛play a trick on me again.鈥?Step 5 Group work 1. In groups of four, think of at least three commands your teachers and parents usually give. You may follow these steps. 1) Choose one who is to give the firstcommand. 2) Ask another person in your group to tell somebody what you said. 3) The third person will change the request or command from direct into indirect speech. 4) Change role so that each person gets the chance to give commands and turn them into indirect speech. Example: T: Please don鈥檛talk in class. S1: What did our teacher tell us? / What did our teacher say? S2: He told/asked us not to talk in class. / She said not to talk in class. Step 6 Homework 1.浣滀笟鏈珹2.鑻辫鍛ㄦ姤。

人教版高一Unit 2 English around the worldPeriod 3 ReadingLearning Aims:1. To get students to know the historical development of English over the past fifty years, developing from a widely spoken national language to a universally spoken world language.2. To get students to realize the importance of English and to do more practice.Learning Procedures:Step I Revision1. Act out the dialogue2. Check the exercises on p7 and p9Step II Pre-readingThere are about 200 countries and regions in the world? But do you know , “How many languages are there in the world? “( More than 5000.) What kinds of languages do you know? Where are they spoken?English (England, America, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland, South Africa)Chinese (China) Japanese (Japan) French (France)German (Germany) Italian (Italy) Russian (Russia)Spanish (Spain).China has an area of 9,600,000 square kilometers with a population of 1.2 billion. Of all the languages, which language has the largest number of native speakers? (Chinese) .Do you think which language is the most widely used all over the world? (English)Ok, let’s turn to our reading text: English around the world. Open your books at P10Step III ReadingListen to the tape and try to find out:1. How many people speak English as a mother tongue?(More than 375 million people)2. How many people speak English as a second language?(More than 375 million people)3. In which countries can we find native speakers of English?The United Kingdom, the United States of America, Canada, Australia, South Africa, Ireland, New Zealand4. From the text we know, in countries such as India, Pakistan, Nigeria, and the Philippines, English is used in a different way. How is English is used there? Please describe the situations in such countries.1. How many people use English as a foreign language? Can you give me an example country.2. But in Hong Kong, the situation there is quite different . How is English used in Hong Kong?7. Why is it becoming more and more important to have a good knowledge of English?(English has developed into the language most widely spoken and used in the world . With more and more people using English around the world in trade/ business, travel/ tourism or international organisations, we need to be able to communicate using the English language.)8. From what we have learned, we know English is a kind of language spoken all over the world.Bb design:Number of speakers Example countriesThe native language More than 375 million The United Kingdom, the United States of America, Canada, Australia, SouthAfrica, Ireland, New ZealandThe second language More than 375 million India, Pakistan, Nigeria, the PhilippinesTheforeign language More than 750 million China….The working language of international organization, international trade and tourism.Step IV Post reading1. We live in China and Chinese is our mother tongue. But we have studied English for more than three years and we can use English every day in different situations. So in what situations do you use(read, listen, write, speak) the languages in your daily life?Listening to and singing pop songs,Playing computer games,Reading web pages,Watching foreign films, VCD/ DVDs and TV programmes,Talking to travelers coming to China,Using the Internet,Reading advertisements2. If you are allowed to choose to learn or not to learn English, what is your choice? And why? Discuss with your partner, give as many reasons as possible. Then invite one of your members to state your views.Step V Language points.1. English is really a language spoken all around the world./ all over the worldE-mail sent by the company arrived just now.The questions asked by him are difficult to answer.He stayed on a deserted island where there were no people at all.2. There are more than 42 countries where the majority ofthe people speak English.The / A majority: most.There are 62 students in our class. The majority of them are boys.Most of the students are boys.Most students are boys.______ the people seem to prefer TV to radio. (D)A. The mostB. MostC. A most ofD. A majority ofThe majority ______ in favour of the suggestion made by him.3. In total, for more than 375 million people English is their mother tongue./ native languageIn total: in all, altogetherTotal: n. vt. adj.Yesterday I bought three books, but I kept it a secret because the books are very expensive and they cost me 500 yuan in total. / The total cost reached a total of 500 yuan./ The cost totalled 500 yuan.(add up to) My husband is in total darkness.He has to work day and night because he has debts ______ more than 20,000 yuan. A. total B. in a total C. totalling D. a total4. An equal number of people learn English as a second language.Be equal to: the same in size, amount, value, number, degree, status, etc.In Women’s Liberation Movement, women thought they were equal to men , so they should demand equal pay for equal work.Bill is good at English. I think Mary is quite equal to him in Brains, so she can also learn English well.Be equal to sth. / doing sth.: have the ability to do sth.I am a teacher. I think I am equal to my job.No one else in the restaurant equals his service.They are of ______ height but I think Mary ______ the job.A. equally, is equalB. equal, is equal toC. equal, equalsD. equally, is equaledWomen are equal to men. = Women are equals of men.5. In only fifty years, English has developed into the language most widely spoken and used in the world.I have read many books on how to learn English, but this is the most useful book. He also said that this book was a most useful one.I have never seen such a good film. / This is the best film I have ever seen.Thank you very much indeed for your help. It’s _____ of you.A. most kindB. the kinderC. the more kindD. the most kind4. With so many people communicating in English every day, we can see that it will be more and more important to have a knowledge of English.I had to stay home with so much homework to do.I like sleeping with lights burning/ turned on/ onWith all these dishes ______, I can’t go and listen to the speech by the famous professor. A. to wash B. to be washed C. washed D. washing5. knowledge [u.]a knowledge of history [n.]Everybody knows that knowledge is power, so a little knowledge is dangerous.He has a wide knowledge of English.6. except but besides except for except thatYour composition is good except for its spellings.Your composition is good except that there are some spellingmistakes in it.We have classes every day except/but on Sunday.What else did you buy besides some books?7. In Chinese, a bathroom means a place where we can havea bath.8. mother tongue: native language9. such as10. the number of / a number of11. To our great joy, he is developing into a good student.14. Listen to English songs on the radio15. communicate with sb. through the Internet16.▲ for the first timeJoe is an American who has come to Britain for the first time.Joe has come to Britain for the first time.It is the first time that Joe has come to Britain.For the first time in life he was defeated in his game.Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master wore his fine green coat and his black silk tie.▲the first timeThe first time I met him, he was helping his friends with their chemistry.▲This/ It/ That is the first/ second/ third/ last/ best …time that sb. has done….This is the third time you’ve asked me the same question▲ He failed his driving test five times.17. direct: without interrupting a journey; using straight routewith no one in betweenTom told me that a student was ill in the classroom. I ran direct from the office to the classroom only to find nobody there. Tom looked directly at me, feeling surprised. Maybe they playeda trick on me and Tom.The train goes there direct.I prefer to deal with him direct.directly : in a direct line or mannerHe looked directly at us.He speaks very directly to people.18. all the wayHer brother was badly ill in bed. Mrs. Nancy came all the way from the United States specially to see him.by the wayget in one’s waymake one’s wayon one’s way tolose one’s way。

u n i t-2-E n g l i s h-a r o u n d-t h e-w o r l d课文及翻译the Road to Modern EnglishAt the end of the 16th century, about five to seven million people spoke English. Nearly all of them lived in England. Later in the next century, people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that, English began to be spoken in many other countries. Today, more people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before.Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English. Look at this example:British Betty: Would you like to see my flat?American Amy: Yes. I’d like to come up to you apartment.So why has English changed over time? Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other. At fist the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today. It was base more on German than the English we speak at present. Then gradually between about AD 800 and 1150, English became less like German because those who ruled England spoke first Danish and later French. These new settlers enriched the English language and especially its vocabulary. So by the 1600’s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before. In 1620 some British settlers moved to America. Later in the 18th century some British people were taken to Australia too. English began to be spoken in both countries.Finally by the 19th century the language was settled. At that time two big changes in English spelling happened: first Samuel Johnson wrote his dictionary and later Noah Webster wrote The American Dictionary of the English language. The latter gave a separate identity to American English spelling.English now is also spoken as a foreign or second language in South Asia. For example, India has a very large number of fluent English speakers because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947. During that time English became the language for government and education. English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa such as South Africa. Today the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly. In fact, China may havethe largest number of English learners. Will Chinese English develop its own identity? Only time will tell.通向现代英语之路16世纪末期大约有5百万至7百万人说英语，几乎所有这些人都生活在英国。

Teaching planTeaching aims:1. Get the students to learn different reading skills.2. Get the students to learn about the English language.Teaching important points:1. Develop the students reading ability and let them learn to use some reading strategies such as skimming, scanning, and so on.2.Enable the students to learn about English language and know different kinds of English so as to communicate with people from different countries.Teaching difficult points:Develop the students’ readi ng ability.Teaching methods :Task-based teaching and learningUnit 2English around the world知识目标：本单元需要学习的重点单词为：include role international native elevator flat apartment rubber petrol gas modern culture AD actually present(adj. )rule(v. ) vocabulary usage identity government Singapore Malaysia rapidly phrase candy lorry command request retell polite boss standard Midwestern southern Spanish eastern southeastern northwestern recognize accent lightning direction ma’am subway block本单元需要学习的重点词组为：play a role in because of come up such as play a part(in) 本单元需要学习的重点句型为：1. World English comes from those countries, where English plays an important role as a first or second language, either because of foreign rule or because of its special role as an international language. (the Attributive Clause; either. . . or. . . )2. Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English. (even if. . . )3. It became less like German, and more like French because those who ruled England at that time spoke French. (those who. . . )4. Today the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly. (the number of+ n. 作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式)5. Believe it or not, there is no such a thing as standard English. (Believe it or not, . . . )6. The US is a large country in which many different dialects are spoken. (the Attributive Clause)7. In fact, an English dictionary like the kind you use today wasn’t made until the time of the Qing Dynasty. (the Attributive Clause; not. . . until. . . )8. These men spent nearly all of their lives trying to collect words for their dictionaries. (spend. . . in doing sth. )9. At the age of fourteen, he left his village school in Scotland and taught himself while working ina bank. (while doing. . . )10. We know that languages develop and change over time and that is why we have new dictionaries from time to time. (that is why. . . )本单元需要掌握的交际功能用语为：语言交际困难(Difficulties in language communication) Pardon?I beg your pardon?I don’t understand.Could you say that again please?Sorry, I can’t follow you.Could you repeat that, please?Could you speak more slowly, please?How do you spell it, please?本单元需要掌握的语法为：祈使句及其间接引语(the imperative sentence and its indirect speech)1. 要求或命令(demands or orders)“Open the door, ” told he.→He told/ordered me to open the door.2. 请求(requests)He said, “Please open the door. /Would you please open the door? ”→He asked me to open the door.能力目标：1. 能运用所学语言知识谈论有关“世界英语”方面的话题。

Unit 2English around the world The history of the English language really started with the arrival of three Germanic tribes(部落)who invaded(侵略)Britain during the 5th century.Old EnglishThe invading Germanic tribes spoke similar languages，which in Britain developed into what we now call Old English.Old English didn't sound or look like English today.Native English speakers now would have great difficulty understanding Old English speakers.However，about half of the most commonly used words in Modern English have Old English roots.Middle EnglishIn 1066，the Norman invaded and conquered England.They also brought with them a kind of French，which became the language of the ruling and business classes.For a period，the lower classes spoke English and the upper classes spoke French.In the 14th century，English became a main language in Britain again，with many French words added.This language is called Middle English.Late Modern EnglishThe main difference between Early Modern English and Late Modern English is te Modern English has many more words，resulting from two mainfactors：firstly，technology development created a need for new words；secondly，the British Empire at its height converted one quarter of the earth's surface，and the English language used foreign words from many countries.Now there are many other varieties of English in the world，suchas Australian English，New Zealand English，Canadian English，South African English，Indian English and Caribbean English.【词海拾贝】1．arrival n．到达2．period n．时期，阶段3．class n．阶层4．result from 因……发生；随……产生5．create v. 生产；制造【问题思考】1．The main idea of the text is _____________________________.答案：the history of the English language2．When is English called Middle English?_______________________________________________________ 答案：In the 14th century3．What's the main difference between Early Modern English and Late Modern English?_______________________________________________________ 答案：Vocabulary.Ⅰ.将单词与其正确释义配对1．official adj.A．本身；本体；身份2．native adj.&n. B．常常；频繁地3．actually ad v. C．官方的；正式的；公务的4．base v t. & n. D．逐渐地；逐步地5．gradually ad v. E．流利的；流畅的6．vocabulary n. F．以……为根据；基部；基地；基础7．spelling n. G．拼写；拼法8．identity n. H．本国的；本地的；本地人；本国人9．fluent adj. I．实际上；事实上10．frequently ad v. J．词汇；词汇量；词表答案：1.C 2.H 3.I 4.F 5.D 6.J7.G8.A9．E10.BⅡ.根据所给汉语提示写出单词1．________adj. 官方的；正式的；公务的2．________n. 航行；航海3．________adj. 本国的；本地的n．本国人；本地人4．________ad v. 事实上；实际上5．________v t. 以……为根据n．基部；基础；基地6．________adj. 逐渐的；逐步的________ad v. 逐渐地；逐步地7．________adj. 较后的；(两者中)后者的；后半的8．________n. 本身；本体；身份9．________adj. 流利的；流畅的________ad v. 流利地；流畅地10．________adj. 频繁的；常见的________ad v. 常常；频繁地答案：1.official 2.voyage 3.native 4.actually5．base 6.gradual tter8.identity 9．fluent fluently10.frequent frequentlyⅢ.根据汉语提示写出正确的单词1．This ________(后者的) point was important.2．The ship—Titanic sank on its first________(航行)．3．They bought some new furniture to furnish their new________(公寓)．4．This tree looks high and strong but________(实际上) its trunk is hollow.5．If your________(词汇) is small，you will be bad in English.6．She received several________(正式的) letters this morning.7．The________(身份) of the killer is still unknown.8．She was born in Germany and her________(本国的)language is German.答案：tter 2.voyage 3.apartment 4.actually5．vocabulary 6.official7.identity8.nativeⅣ.根据语境选词填空1．She has a ______English and can speak English ______，for which we all admire her very much.(fluently/fluent)2．Losing weight is a slow，__________ process，so________she has become slimmer and slimmer.(gradually/gradual)3．The____of the word is difficult，but the correct pronunciation of it can help to________it.(spell/spelling)4．Our efforts are beginning to have an________effect，and ________the effect has made a great difference.(actual/actually) 5．He is a ________ visitor to the house；that is，he visits the house________．(frequent/frequently)6．It is the responsibility of every person to keep certain________principles，which means every action should be________ on a certain principle.(based/basic)答案：1.fluent fluently 2.gradual gradually 3.spellingspell 4.actual actually 5.frequent frequently6．basic basedⅠ.Skimming for the main information1．What does the passage tell us?A．The brief history of the English language.B．The Modern English based more on German.C．The old English based more on French.D．English spoken in English.答案：A2．Find out the main idea of each paragraph.Para.1______ A．All languages change when cultures communicate with one another.So does English.Para.2______ B．How English spread(传播) in the past.Para.3______ C．Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don't speak the same kind of English.Para.4______ D．By the 19th century，two big changes in English spelling happened.Para.5______ E．English is spoken in many countries.答案：Para.1—B Para.2—C Para.3—APara.4—D Para.5—EⅡ.Scanning for detailed information1．How was the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150?A．It was the same as the English spoken at present.B．It was more like French.C．It was based more on German.D．It was more like Danish.2．Why was Shakespeare able to make use of a wider vocabulary by the 1600's?A．Because new settlers enriched the English language and especially its vocabulary.B．Because Shakespeare made up many new words.C．Because British settlers moved to different countries.D．Because a new dictionary was written.3．What happened to American English in the 19th century?A．It became more like British English.B．It became more like German.C．It had its own dictionary.D．Its spelling was given a separate identity.4．Which of the following is NOT true?A．English is one of the official languages in India.B．English developed when new settlers and rulers came to Britain.C．China has the largest number of English speakers.D．Now more people speak English as their first，second or a foreign language.答案：1.C 2.A 3.D 4.CⅢ.Intensive reading to finish the passageAt the end of the 16th century, English was only spoken by people from 1.______．They were native speakers.Today，the largest 2.______ of people speaking English may be in China.A lot of Chinese people speak English 3.______their foreign language.The 4.______ language has changed quite a lot over the last four centuries.Old English sounded more like German for it was 5.______on German，but modern English 6.________ more like French than German because England was once ruled by the French.Those settlers 7.______the language, so Shakespeare could make use of a wider 8.______ by the 1600's.Two people had great effects on the English settlement.One was Samuel Johnson, who wrote his 9.________，and the other was Noah Webster, who later wrote The American Dictionary of the English Language, which gave American English its own 10.______．答案： 1.England 2.number 3.as 4.English5．based 6.sounds7.enriched8.vocabulary9．dictionary10.identity[阅读素养提升]Why do you think people all over the world want to learn English？(various answers)_______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ 答案：They may include any of these reasons：to use computers and the Internet，to trade，to learn in Western universities，to read academic journals，etc.[精读难句透析]1．At first the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today.分析：此句为复杂的简单句。

Unit 2 English around the world English is one of the most widely spoken languages in the world It has become a global language that connects people from different countries and cultures In this unit, we'll explore the diverse aspects of English around the worldLet's start by looking at the geographical spread of English It is the native language in countries like the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand But its influence doesn't stop there English is also widely used as a second language or lingua franca in many other countriesIn countries such as India, Singapore, and South Africa, English plays a crucial role in education, business, and government It enables communication between people of different linguistic backgrounds and helps these countries integrate into the global economyThe variations in English across the world are quite fascinating There are differences in pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammar For example, British English and American English have notable differences in spelling and word usage ＂Colour" in British English becomes ＂color" in American English And the pronunciation of words like ＂tomato" and ＂schedule" can vary tooEven within a single country, there can be regional variations In the United States, the English spoken in the South may have a different accent and certain unique expressions compared to that in the NortheastThe reasons for the global dominance of English are many One of the main factors is the historical influence of British colonialism As the British Empire expanded, it spread the English language to various parts of the worldAnother reason is the role of the United States as a global superpower in the fields of technology, entertainment, and business American movies, music, and software have made English more accessible and popular worldwideEnglish has also had a significant impact on other languages Many languages have borrowed English words and incorporated them into their vocabularies For instance, in Japanese, words like ＂computer" and ＂internet" are commonly usedHowever, the spread of English doesn't mean the decline of other languages On the contrary, efforts are being made to preserve and promote local languages and cultures Language diversity is an important aspect of our global heritageLearning English has become essential for people around the world It opens up opportunities for education, career advancement, and cultural exchange But it's also important to respect and value one's native language and cultural identityIn conclusion, English around the world is a complex and dynamic phenomenon It has brought people closer together while also presenting challenges and opportunities for language and cultural preservation As we continue to live in an increasingly interconnected world, the importance ofEnglish is likely to remain, but so is the need to cherish and protect the rich tapestry of languages and cultures that make our world so vibrant and diverse。