英语16种时态超经典整理
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英语中的16种时态(全)动词16个时态一、一般现在时1.概念:表示经常发生的情况;有规律出现的情况;总是发生的;和事实真理。
2.时间状语:Always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…),once a week(day, year, month…),on Sundays(on Mondays …),3.基本结构:动词原形(如主语为第三人称单数,动词上要改为第三人称单数形式)4.否定形式:主语 + am/is/are + no t + 其他;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。
5.一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首;用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。
6.例句:It seldom snows here.这里很少下雪。
He is always ready to help others.他总是乐于帮助别人。
Action speaks louder than words.事实胜于雄辩。
二、一般过去时1.概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
2.时间状语:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last(year, night, month…),in 1989,just now, at the age of 5,one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.3.基本结构:主语 + 动词的过去式或be的过去式+名词4.否定形式:主语 + was/were + not + 其他;在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。
5.一般疑问句:was或were放于句首;用助动词do的过去式did提问,同时还原行为动词。
英语十六时态表格总结很全面英语中的时态是语法学习的重要部分,掌握好时态对于准确表达意思和理解英语语言至关重要。
下面为大家带来一份全面的英语十六时态表格总结。
|时态|构成|用法|例句||::|||||一般现在时|主语+动词原形(当主语为第三人称单数时,动词加 s 或 es)|表示经常发生的动作、习惯性的动作、客观事实、真理等|I go to school every day He likes playing football||一般过去时|主语+动词的过去式|表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态|I went to Beijing last year She was a teacher ten years ago||一般将来时|主语+ will/shall +动词原形主语+ be going to +动词原形|表示将来要发生的动作或存在的状态|I will visit my grandparents next week They are going to have a party tomorrow||过去将来时|主语+ would/should +动词原形主语+ was/were going to +动词原形|表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或存在的状态|He said he would come here the next day They thought they were going to have a meeting||现在进行时|主语+ am/is/are +现在分词|表示现在正在进行的动作|I am reading a book now They are playing basketball on the playground||过去进行时|主语+ was/were +现在分词|表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作|I was watching TV at eight o'clock last night They were having a meeting when I came in||将来进行时|主语+ will/shall be +现在分词|表示将来某一时刻正在进行的动作|I will be sleeping at this time tomorrow They will be waiting for you at the airport||过去将来进行时|主语+ would/should be +现在分词|表示从过去某一时间来看将来某一时刻正在进行的动作|He said he would be working at this time the next day They thought they would be having a party at that time||现在完成时|主语+ have/has +过去分词|表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果;过去发生的动作一直持续到现在|I have finished my homework He has lived here for ten years||过去完成时|主语+ had +过去分词|表示在过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作|I had learned 5000 words before I entered this school They had left before I arrived||将来完成时|主语+ will/shall have +过去分词|表示到将来某个时间为止已经完成的动作|I will have finished this work by the end of next month They will have been married for ten years by 2025||过去将来完成时|主语+ would/should have +过去分词|表示从过去某一时间来看,到将来某个时间为止已经完成的动作|He said he would have finished the work by the end of the next month They thought they would have been married for ten years by 2025||现在完成进行时|主语+ have/has been +现在分词|表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作,并且这个动作可能还会继续下去|I have been waiting for you for two hours They have been working on this project for a long time||过去完成进行时|主语+ had been +现在分词|表示过去某一时间之前一直在进行的动作|I had been studying English for five years before I went to college They had been waiting for the bus for half an hour when it finally came||将来完成进行时|主语+ will/shall have been +现在分词|表示到将来某个时间为止一直在进行的动作,并且这个动作可能还会继续下去|I will have been teaching for 30 years by the end of 2030、 They will have been building the bridge for two years by next month||过去将来完成进行时|主语+ would/should have been +现在分词|表示从过去某一时间来看,到将来某个时间为止一直在进行的动作,并且这个动作可能还会继续下去|He said he would have been waiting for me for two hours by the time I arrived They thought they would have been working on this project for a long time by the end of the year|为了更好地理解和掌握这些时态,我们可以通过大量的阅读、写作和口语练习来加深印象。
英语十六种时态详细表1. 一般现在时 (Simple Present Tense)- 表示经常发生的动作或状态。
- 格式:主语 + 动词原形 (+ 其他成分)- 例句:I study English every day.2. 现在进行时 (Present Continuous Tense)- 表示现在正在进行的动作。
- 格式:主语 + be 动词 + 现在分词 (+ 其他成分)- 例句:She is writing a letter now.3. 一般过去时 (Simple Past Tense)- 表示过去发生的动作或状态。
- 格式:主语 + 动词过去式 (+ 其他成分)- 例句:They played soccer yesterday.4. 过去进行时 (Past Continuous Tense)- 表示过去的某个时间正在进行的动作。
- 格式:主语 + be 动词过去式 + 现在分词 (+ 其他成分)- 例句:He was studying when I called him.5. 现在完成时 (Present Perfect Tense)- 表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或仍然持续的动作。
- 格式:主语 + have/has + 过去分词 (+ 其他成分)- 例句:I have visited Paris.6. 过去完成时 (Past Perfect Tense)- 表示过去某个时间或动作之前发生的动作。
- 格式:主语 + had + 过去分词 (+ 其他成分)- 例句:She had already left when I arrived.7. 将来时 (Simple Future Tense)- 表示将来要发生的动作或状态。
- 格式:主语 + will/shall + 动词原形 (+ 其他成分)- 例句:We will visit our grandparents tomorrow.8. 现在完成进行时 (Present Perfect Continuous Tense)- 表示过去某个时间开始的动作一直持续到现在,并可能继续下去。
16种英语时态总结归纳英语中有16种时态,每种时态有不同的用法和语法规则。
1. 现在时态:- 简单现在时:表示经常性或客观事实。
- 现在进行时:表示现在进行的动作。
- 现在完成时:表示过去某个时间开始,一直持续到现在的动作。
2. 过去时态:- 简单过去时:表示过去发生的动作或状态。
- 过去进行时:表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作。
- 过去完成时:表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作。
3. 将来时态:- 简单将来时:表示将来将发生的事情。
- 将来进行时:表示将来某个时间正在进行的动作。
- 将来完成时:表示将来某个时间之前已经完成的动作。
4. 过去将来时态:- 过去将来时:表示过去某个时间将要发生的动作。
5. 过去进行将来时态:- 过去进行将来时:表示过去某个时间正在进行,将来会继续进行的动作或状态。
6. 过去完成将来时态:- 过去完成将来时:表示过去某个时间之前将会完成的动作。
7. 现在完成进行时:表示过去某个时间开始,一直持续到现在,并可能会继续进行的动作。
8. 现在完成完成时:表示过去某个时间开始,一直持续到现在,并已经完成的动作。
9. 过去完成进行时:表示过去某个时间之前已经开始,一直持续到过去某个时间的动作。
10. 现在完成将来时:表示将来某个时间之前已经开始,一直持续到现在,并将会继续进行的动作。
11. 过去完成将来进行时:表示过去某个时间将要发生的,将会持续到一个将来某个时间的动作。
12. 过去完成将来完成时:表示过去某个时间将会完成的动作。
13. 不定式:表示动作的目的、愿望、命令等。
14. 进行不定式:表示正在进行的不定式动作。
15. 完成不定式:表示已经完成的不定式动作。
16. 进行完成不定式:表示将来要完成的不定式动作。
时态(Tense)是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。
因此,当我们说时态结构的时候,指的是相应时态下的动词形式。
英语时态分为16种,如下表所示:各时态结构及用法1. 一般现在时(do/does; is/am/are)①表示现在的情况、状态和特征。
例:He is a student.他是一个学生。
②表示经常性、习惯性动作。
例:He always helps others.他总是帮助别人。
③客观事实和普遍真理。
例:The earth moves the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
④表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作。
(常用于列车、客车、飞机或轮船时刻表)例:The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon.下一趟火车今天下午3点开车。
⑤主将从现:在时间、条件和让步状语从句中经常用一般现在表示将的来事情。
例:If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.如果明天下雨,我们会待在家里。
2. 现在进行时(am/is/are doing)①表示此时此刻正在发生的事情。
例:He is listning to the music now.他现在正在听音乐。
②表示目前一段时间内一直在做的事情,但不一定此时此刻正在做。
例:I am studying by using Qisu English APP this term.这个学期我一直在使用奇速英语APP学习。
③现在进行时可以表示将来的含义。
瞬时动词的进行一定表将来。
例:I am leaving.我要离开了。
持续动词的进行只有有将来的时间状语或有将来语境中才表将来。
例:I am travelling next month.下个月我要去旅行。
④现在进行时与频度副词连用,表示说话者或褒义或贬义的感情色彩。
例:He is always helping others.他总是帮助别人。
高中16种英语时态总结归纳1. Simple Present Tense:- Used for regular actions or habits, and general truths.- Form: Base form of the verb (e.g. I go, he/she/it goes).2. Present Continuous Tense:- Used to describe actions happening at the moment of speaking, or for future arrangements.- Form: am/is/are + present participle (e.g. I am writing, he/she/it is reading).3. Present Perfect Tense:- Used for actions that happened at an unspecified timein the past, and have relevance to the present.- Form: has/have + past participle (e.g. I have seen,he/she/it has done).4. Present Perfect Continuous Tense:- Used for actions that started in the past and continue into the present, and emphasize duration.- Form: has/have been + present participle (e.g. I have been waiting, he/she/it has been working).5. Simple Past Tense:- Used for actions that started and finished at aspecific time in the past.- Form: Past form of the verb (e.g. I went, he/she/it played).6. Past Continuous Tense:- Used to emphasize the duration of an action in the past, or for two actions happening simultaneously in the past.- Form: was/were + present participle (e.g. I was sleeping, he/she/it was writing).7. Past Perfect Tense:- Used to describe an action that happened before another action in the past.- Form: had + past participle (e.g. I had seen, he/she/it had finished).8. Past Perfect Continuous Tense:- Used to show the duration of an action that happened before another action in the past.- Form: had been + present participle (e.g. I had been waiting, he/she/it had been studying).9. Simple Future Tense:- Used to talk about actions that will happen in the future.- Form: will/shall + base form of the verb (e.g. I will go, he/she/it will eat).10. Future Continuous Tense:- Used to describe actions that will be ongoing at a specific time in the future.- Form: will/shall be + present participle (e.g. I will be waiting, he/she/it will be working).11. Future Perfect Tense:- Used for actions that will be completed before another action in the future.- Form: will have + past participle (e.g. I will have finished, he/she/it will have left).12. Future Perfect Continuous Tense:- Used to emphasize the duration of an action that will be completed before another action in the future.- Form: will have been + present participle (e.g. I will have been waiting, he/she/it will have been studying).13. Present Unreal Conditional:- Used to talk about hypothetical situations in the present or future, expressing results that are unlikely or impossible.- Form: if + simple past, would + base form (e.g. If I were rich, I would travel the world).14. Past Unreal Conditional:- Used to talk about hypothetical situations in the past, expressing results that didn't happen.- Form: if + past perfect, would have + past participle(e.g. If I had studied harder, I would have passed the test).15. Mixed Tenses:- Used to describe actions that happen at the same time but in the past and present or future.- Form: Mix of different tenses.16. Future Time Clauses:- Used to indicate two actions happening in the future, with the main clause in the future and the time clause in the present.- Form: Present tense in the time clause, will/shall or other future tense in main clause (e.g. When I am 25, I will have graduated).。
16种英语时态总结归纳英语中有16种时态,每种时态都有不同的用法和含义。
下面是对这些时态进行总结和归纳。
一、一般现在时 (Simple Present)1. 表示经常性、习惯性动作:I go to school every day.2. 表示客观事实或普遍真理:The sun rises in the east.3. 表示常态情况:He likes chocolate.二、现在进行时 (Present Continuous)1. 表示正在进行的动作:I am studying English.2. 表示暂时的情况或计划:She is staying at a hotel until she finds an apartment.三、一般过去时 (Simple Past)1. 表示过去发生的动作:I visited my grandparents last weekend.2. 表示过去的经历:She studied in France for two years.四、过去进行时 (Past Continuous)1. 表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作:They were watching a movie when I called.2. 表示过去同时发生的两个动作:I was cooking dinner while he was cleaning the house.五、一般将来时 (Simple Future)1. 表示将要发生的动作:I will meet you at the park tomorrow.2. 表示决定或打算:We are going to have a party next weekend.六、将来进行时 (Future Continuous)1. 表示将来某一时刻正在进行的动作:They will be traveling to Europe this time next year.2. 表示持续性的动作:I will be working late tonight.七、现在完成时 (Present Perfect)1. 表示过去发生但与现在有关的动作:I have finished my homework.2. 表示经历或经验:He has traveled to many countries.八、过去完成时 (Past Perfect)1. 表示在过去某一时刻之前已经完成的动作:They had already left when I arrived.2. 表示顺序:She had read the book before watching the movie.九、将来完成时 (Future Perfect)1. 表示将来某一时刻之前完成的动作:I will have finished my project by tomorrow.2. 表示结果:They will have arrived by the time we get there.十、现在完成进行时 (Present Perfect Continuous)1. 表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作:I have been studying for three hours.2. 表示强调动作的持续性:He has been working all day.十一、过去完成进行时 (Past Perfect Continuous)1. 表示过去某一时刻之前一直持续到过去的动作:She had been waiting for two hours when the bus finally arrived.2. 表示强调动作的持续性:They had been playing tennis all afternoon.十二、将来完成进行时 (Future Perfect Continuous)1. 表示将来某一时刻之前持续进行的动作:I will have been studying for five hours by the time the exam starts.2. 表示强调动作的持续性:They will have been working on the project for a month.十三、虚拟现在时 (Present Unreal)1. 表示与现在事实相反的假设:If I were rich, I would buy a mansion.2. 表示建议或要求:I suggest that he study more.十四、虚拟过去时 (Past Unreal)1. 表示与过去事实相反的假设:If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.2. 表示遗憾或后悔:I wish I had bought that dress.十五、虚拟将来时 (Future Unreal)1. 表示与将来事实相反的假设:If I won the lottery, I would travel the world.2. 表示不可能实现的愿望:I wish she would become a famous singer.十六、过去将来时 (Future in the Past)1. 表示过去某一时刻之后将要发生的动作:He said he would call me later.2. 表示过去的计划:I thought we were going to have dinner together.以上是对16种英语时态的总结归纳。
英语十六时态表格总结很全面英语时态是英语语法中的重要部分,掌握好时态对于正确表达意思、理解英语句子有着至关重要的作用。
下面为大家带来一份全面的英语十六时态表格总结。
|时态|构成|用法|例句||::|::|::|::||一般现在时|主语+动词原形(当主语为第三人称单数时,动词加 s 或 es)|1、表示经常发生的动作、习惯或存在的状态。
2、表示客观事实、真理。
3、用于时间、条件、让步状语从句中,代替一般将来时。
|I go to school every day The earth moves around the sun If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home||一般过去时|主语+动词过去式|1、表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。
2、表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
|I played basketball yesterday He often went fishing when he was a child||一般将来时|1、 will +动词原形 2、 be going to +动词原形|1、表示将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。
2、 be going to 表示打算、计划、准备做某事。
|I will visit my grandparents next week She is going to have a party||过去将来时|1、 would +动词原形 2、 was/were going to +动词原形|表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。
|He said he would come back the next day They were going to start at six o'clock||现在进行时|主语+ am/is/are +现在分词|1、表示现在正在进行的动作。
2、表示现阶段正在进行的动作,但说话时不一定正在进行。
十六种时态知识点总结一、一般现在时1. 定义:一般现在时用于描述习惯性的动作、事实、真理或普遍性陈述。
2. 结构:主语+动词原形(第三人称单数加-s)+其他。
3. 例句:He goes to school every day.(他每天去上学。
)二、一般过去时1. 定义:一般过去时用于描述过去发生的事情或状态。
2. 结构:主语+动词过去式+其他。
3. 例句:She played basketball yesterday.(她昨天打篮球。
)三、一般将来时1. 定义:一般将来时用于表示将来发生的动作或状态。
2. 结构:主语+will/shall+动词原形+其他。
3. 例句:I will go to the movies tomorrow.(我明天会去看电影。
)四、一般现在进行时1. 定义:一般现在进行时用于描述当前正在进行的动作或状态。
2. 结构:主语+am/is/are+动词-ing+其他。
3. 例句:They are watching TV now.(他们现在正在看电视。
)五、一般过去进行时1. 定义:一般过去进行时用于描述过去某个时间点正在进行的动作或状态。
2. 结构:主语+was/were+动词-ing+其他。
3. 例句:She was studying at 8 o'clock last night.(昨晚八点她在学习。
)六、一般将来进行时1. 定义:一般将来进行时用于表示将来某个时间点正在进行的动作或状态。
2. 结构:主语+will be+动词-ing+其他。
3. 例句:They will be playing soccer at 3 o'clock tomorrow.(明天三点他们将在踢足球。
)七、一般现在完成时1. 定义:一般现在完成时用于描述过去发生的动作对当前的影响或结果。
2. 结构:主语+have/has+动词过去分词+其他。
3. 例句:She has finished her homework.(她已经完成了她的作业。
16种时态及语态总结动词时态和语态是语法中的重要概念,不仅决定了句子表达的时间和动作的发出者,还对句子的结构和语气产生影响。
本文将对16种时态及语态进行总结,并对其用法进行深入解析。
1. 现在简单时态现在简单时态表示经常性、习惯性或客观真理等情况,一般形式为:主语 + 动词原形(第三人称单数形式需加-s)。
例句:The sun rises in the east.(太阳从东方升起)2. 过去简单时态过去简单时态表示过去某个具体时间发生的动作或状态,一般形式为:主语 + 动词过去式。
例句:She called me yesterday.(她昨天给我打电话)3. 将来简单时态将来简单时态表示将要发生的动作或状态,一般形式为:主语 +will + 动词原形。
例句:I will visit my parents next week.(下周我会去看望我的父母)4. 现在进行时态现在进行时态表示现在正在进行的动作,一般形式为:主语 +am/is/are + 动词的现在分词。
例句:They are studying in the library now.(他们现在正在图书馆学习)5. 过去进行时态过去进行时态表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作,一般形式为:主语 + was/were + 动词的现在分词。
例句:I was watching TV when he called me.(他给我打电话的时候,我正在看电视)6. 将来进行时态将来进行时态表示将来某一时刻正在进行的动作,一般形式为:主语 + will be + 动词的现在分词。
例句:She will be studying abroad this time next year.(明年这个时候她将在国外留学)7. 现在完成时态现在完成时态表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或状态,一般形式为:主语 + have/has + 动词的过去分词。
例句:He has already finished his homework.(他已经完成了作业)8. 过去完成时态过去完成时态表示过去某个时间或动作发生之前已经完成的动作,一般形式为:主语 + had + 动词的过去分词。
英语的16种时态1.一般现在时the present tense2.一般过去时the past tense3.一般将来时the future tense4.一般过去将来时the past future tense5.现在进行时the present continuous tense6.过去进行时the past Continuous Tense7.将来进行时the future continuous tense8.过去将来进行时the past future continuous tense9.现在完成时the Present Perfect Tense10.过去完成时the Past Perfect Tense11.将来完成时the future perfect tense12.过去将来完成时the past future perfect tense13.现在完成进行时the present perfect continuous tense14.过去完成进行时the past perfect continuous tense15.将来完成进行时the future perfect continuous tense16.过去将来完成进行时the past future perfect continuous tense1、一般现在时(1)一般现在时表示没有时限的持久存在的动作或状态或现阶段反复发生的动作或状态,常和副词usually,often,always sometimes,regularly,near,occasionally,every year, every week 等连用。
例如:1)The moon moves round the earth..2)Mr. Smith travels to work by bus every day.(2)在由after,until,before,once,when,even if,in case,as long as,as soon as,the moment 以及if,unless 等引导的时间状语从句或条件状语从句中,通常用一般现在时代替将来时。
例如:1)I will tell him the news as soon as I see him.2)I will not go to countryside if it rains tomorrow.(3)某些表示起始的动词,可用一般现在时表示按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作,这类动词有:be,go,come,start,depart,arrive,begin,leave 等。
例如:1)The plane leaves at three sharp.2)The new teachers arrive tomorrow.(4)在由why,what,where,whoever,who,that,as 等引导的从句中,也常用一般现在时代替将来时。
例如:1)Free tickets will be given to whoever comes first.2)You’ll probably be in the same train as I am tomorrow.2.一般过去时(1)表示过去某一特定时间所发生的、可完成的动作或状态,常与表示确切过去时间的词、短语或从句连用。
例如:We went to the pictures last night and saw a very interesting film.(2)表示过去习惯性动作。
例如:1)He always went to class last.2)I used to do my homework in the library.(注意与be used to doing短语的区别)3.一般将来时1)表示将来打算进行或期待发生的动作或状态。
例如:I shall graduate next year.2)几种替代形式:1)be going to +v在口语中广泛使用,表示准备做或将发生的事情。
例如:I’m going to buy a house when we’ve saved enough money.2)be to +v表示计划安排要做的事,具有“必要”的强制性意义。
例如:I am to play tennis this afternoon.3)be about to +v表示即将发生的事情。
例如:He was about to start.4)be due to +v表示预先确定了的事,必定发生的事。
例如:The train is due to depart in ten minutes.5)be on the point/verge of +v –ing 强调即将发生的某种事态。
例如:The baby was on the point of crying when her mother finally came home.1.现在进行时(1)表示现在正在进行的动作,常与now,right now,at the mother,for the time being,for the present等连用。
例如:Don’t disturb her. She is reading a newspaper now.(2)表示现阶段经常发生的动作,常与always,continually,forever,constantly等连用。
例如:My father is forever criticizing me.(3)表示根据计划或安排在最近要进行的事情。
具有这种语法功能的动词仅限于过渡性动词。
即表示从一个状态或位置转移到另一个状态或位置上去的动词。
常用的有:go,come,leave,start,arrive,return等。
例如:They are leaving for Hong Kong next month.(4)有些动词不能用进行时,这是一类表示“感觉,感情,存在,从属”等的动词。
如:see,hear,smell,taste,feel,notice,look,appear,(表示感觉的词);hate,love,fear,like,want,wish,prefer,refuse,forgive(表示感情的动词);be,exist,remain,stay,obtain(表示存在状态的动词);have,possess,own,contain,belong,consist of,form(表示占有与从属的动词);understand,know,believe,think,doubt,forget,remember(表示思考理解的动词)。
但是如果它们词义改变,便也可用进行时态。
例如:1)Tom looks pale. What’s wrong with him?(look 在此为联系动词,意为“显得,看上去”)2)Tom is looking for his books.(look 在此为实义动词,意为“寻找”)2.过去进行时过去进行时表示一个过去的动作发生时或发生后,另一个过去的动作正在进行,或表示过去反复的习惯,常与always,continually,constantly等动词连用。
例如:1)We were discussing the matter when the headmaster entered.2)Whenever I visited him, he was always writing at the desk.3.将来进行时将来进行时主要表示将来某一时刻正在进行的动作,或表示要在将来某一时刻开始,并继续下去的动作。
常用来表示礼貌的询问、请求等。
例如:1)This time next day they will be sitting in the cinema.2)What will you be doing at six tomorrow evening?4.完成进行时(现在、过去、将来)完成进行时是(现在、过去、将来)完成时的强调形式,将放在完成时态部分讲述。
完成时态通常表示已完成或从事的动作。
它可分为:1.现在完成时(1)现在完成时用来表示对目前状况仍有影响的,刚刚完成的动作(常与yet,already,just连用),或者过去某一时刻发生的,持续到现在的情况(常与for,since连用)。
例如:1)I have just finished my homework.2)Mary has been ill for three days.(2)常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有:since, for, during, over等引导出的短语;副词already, yet, just, ever, now, before, often, lately, recently等;状语词组this week (morning, month, year), so far, up to now, many times, up to the present等。
例如:1)I haven’t been there for five years.2)So far, she hasn’t enjoyed the summer vacation.3)There have been a lot of changes since 1978.(3)完成时态可用在下列结构中:This (That, It) is (was) the first (second…) time +定语从句;This (That, It) is (was) the only (last) + n +定语从句;This (That, It) is (was) +形容词最高级+ n +定语从句。
如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时,从句的谓语动词通常用现在完成时;如果主句谓语动词是一般过去时,从句谓语动词通常用过去完成时。
例如:(1)This is one of the rarest questions that have ever been raised at such a meeting.(2)There was a knock at the door. It was the second time someone had interrupted me that evening.2.过去完成时(1)表示过去某时间前已经发生的动作或情况,这个过去的时间可以用by,before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示;或者表示一个动作在另一个过去动作之前已经完成。