SAT阅读真题下载

2014年1月份SAT考试真题（回忆版）本次考试整体难度适中，没有特别的偏题和难题出现，作文也是中规中矩的创新和守旧话题。

在阅读部分，文章难度都比较适中，没有超过我们在平时给同学们训练时使用的材料难度，尤其是长对比文章，比平时训练的要简单不少。

数学：但是此次考试中的数学考察比以前要更加灵活，对考生要求更高。

比如说考到了函数图像的对称、一次函数线性规划、圆内三角形，对整数的奇偶性、表格式函数，指数函数的考察仍然遵循了以前的模式，甚至有一些题目与历年真题中的形式几乎一模一样，只是稍微做了数字和形式的变换。

本次填空考试中考察到的一些重点词汇：abrasiveness\acclaim\accuse\affable\ameliorate\antipathy archaic\assiduous\bias\blunder\camouflage\candid\chicanerycliche\coax\composed\copious\decry\demeanor\dissenrning eccentric\fidelity\gullible\haughty阅读部分内容如下：第一个长篇讲的是一个叫Aju的人，有一次去访问一个最近认识的朋友，在她那里他发现了一本旧书，而这本书正是Aju的舅舅，也是他的养父送给这个朋友的父亲的，Aju显得非常激动，而女士则显得十分淡定，文章主要描述的就是这种态度上的巨大差异。

第二篇长篇讲的是一个考古学家，和一群朋友一起去沙漠深处探险。

在有一个地方，他们发现了水源，而且有巨大的石洞可供居住，于是作者选择在这里舒适地呆一下午，本来打算看看书的他发现了一个制作精巧的石头，很明显是古人留下的，他因此想到了这些古人当年可能的生活。

最后开始了他对于生活的思考，他区分了两个概念“wants”和“needs”，一个是欲望，一个是需求，主要表达的是活在当下，节制欲望的主题，表达作者对于简单生活的向往和渴望。

SAT数学真题精选1. If 2 x + 3 = 9, what is the value of 4 x – 3 ?(A) 5 (B) 9 (C) 15 (D) 18 (E) 212. If 4(t + u) + 3 = 19, then t + u = ?(A) 3 (B) 4 (C) 5 (D) 6 (E) 73. In the xy-coordinate (坐标) plane above, the line contains the points (0,0) and (1,2). If line M (not shown) contains the point (0,0) and is perpendicular （垂直） to L, what is an equation of M?(A) y = -1/2 x(B) y = -1/2 x + 1(C) y = - x(D) y = - x + 2(E) y = -2x4. If K is divisible by 2,3, and 15, which of the following is also divisible by these numbers?(A) K + 5 (B) K + 15 (C) K + 20 (D) K + 30 (E) K + 455. There are 8 sections of seats in an auditorium. Each section contains at least 150 seats but not more than 200 seats. Which of the following could be the number of seats in this auditorium?(A) 800 (B) 1,000 (C) 1,100 (D)1,300 (E) 1,7006. If rsuv = 1 and rsum = 0, which of the following must be true?(A) r < 1 (B) s < 1 (C) u= 2 (D) r = 0 (E) m = 07. The least integer of a set of consecutive integers (连续整数) is –126. if the sum of these integers is 127, how many integers are in this set?(A) 126 (B) 127 (C) 252 (D) 253 (E) 2548. A special lottery is to be held to select the student who will live in the only deluxe room in a dormitory. There are 200 seniors, 300 juniors, and 400 sophomores who applied. Each senior’s name is placed in the lottery 3 times; each junior’s name, 2 time; and each sophomore’s name, 1 times. If a student’s name is chosen at random from the names in the lottery, what is the probability that a senior’s name will be chosen?（A）1/8 (B) 2/9 (C) 2/7 (D) 3/8 (E) 1/2Question #1: 50% of US college students live on campus. Out of all students living on campus, 40% are graduate students. What percentage of US students are graduate students living on campus?(A) 90% (B) 5% (C) 40% (D) 20% (E) 25%Question #2: In the figure below, MN is parallel with BC and AM/AB = 2/3. What is the ratio between the area of triangle AMN and the area of triangle ABC?(A) 5/9 (B) 2/3 (C) 4/9 (D) 1/2 (E) 2/9Question #3: If a2 + 3 is divisible by 7, which of the following values can be a?(A)7 (B)8 (C)9 (D)11 (E)4Question #4: What is the value of b, if x = 2 is a solution of equation x2 - b · x + 1 = 0?(A)1/2 (B)-1/2 (C)5/2 (D)-5/2 (E)2Question #5: Which value of x satisfies the inequality | 2x | < x + 1 ?(A)-1/2 (B)1/2 (C)1 (D)-1 (E)2Question #6: If integers m > 2 and n > 2, how many (m, n) pairs satisfy the inequality m n < 100?(A)2 (B)3 (C)4 (D)5 (E)7Question #7: The US deer population increase is 50% every 20 years. How may times larger will the deer population be in 60 years ?(A)2.275 (B)3.250 (C)2.250 (D)3.375 (E)2.500 Question #8: Find the value of x if x + y = 13 and x - y = 5.(A)2 (B)3 (C)6 (D)9 (E)4Question #9:US UK Medals3 2 gold1 4 silver4 1 bronzeThe number of medals won at a track and field championship is shown in the table above. What is the percentage of bronze medals won by UK out of all medals won by the 2 teams?(A)20% (B)6.66% (C)26.6% (D)33.3% (E)10% Question #10: The edges of a cube are each 4 inches long. What is the surface area, in square inches, of this cube?(A)66 (B)60 (C)76 (D)96 (E)65Question #1: The sum of the two solutions of the quadratic equation f(x) = 0 is equal to 1 and the product of the solutions is equal to -20. What are the solutions of the equation f(x) = 16 - x ?(a) x1 = 3 and x2 = -3 (b) x1 = 6 and x2 = -6(c) x1 = 5 and x2 = -4 (d) x1 = -5 and x2 = 4(e) x1 = 6 and x2 = 0Question #2: In the (x, y) coordinate plane, three lines have the equations:l1: y = ax + 1l2: y = bx + 2l3: y = cx + 3Which of the following may be values of a, b and c, if line l3 is perpendicular to both lines l1 and l2?(a) a = -2, b = -2, c = .5 (b) a = -2, b = -2, c = 2(c) a = -2, b = -2, c = -2 (d) a = -2, b = 2, c = .5(e) a = 2, b = -2, c = 2Question #3: The management team of a pany has 250 men and 125 women. If 200 of the managers have a master degree, and 100 of the managers with the master degree are women, how many of the managers are men without a master degree?(a) 125 (b) 150 (c) 175 (d) 200 (e) 225Question #4: In the figure below, the area of square ABCD is equal to the sum of the areas of triangles ABE and DCE. If AB = 6, then CE =(a) 5 (b) 6 (c) 2 (d) 3 (e) 4Question #5:If α and β are the angles of the right triangle shown in the figure above, then sin2α + sin2β is equal to:(a) cos(β) (b) sin(β) (c) 1 (d) cos2(β) (e) -1 Question #6: The average of numbers (a + 9) and (a - 1) is equal to b, where a and b are integers. The product of the same two integers is equal to (b - 1)2. What is the value of a?(a) a = 9 (b) a = 1 (c) a = 0 (d) a = 5 (e) a = 11Question #1: If f(x) = x and g(x) = √x, x≥ 0, what are the solutions of f(x) = g(x)?(A) x = 1 (B)x1 = 1, x2 = -1(C)x1 = 1, x2 = 0 (D)x = 0(E)x = -1Question #2: What is the length of the arc AB in the figure below, if O is the center of the circle and triangle OAB is equilateral? The radius of the circle is 9(a) π (b) 2 ·π (c) 3 ·π (d) 4 ·π (e) π/2Question #3: What is the probability that someone that throws 2 dice gets a 5 and a 6? Each dice has sides numbered from 1 to 6.(a)1/2 (b)1/6 (c)1/12 (d)1/18 (e)1/36Question #4: A cyclist bikes from town A to town B and back to town A in 3 hours. He bikes from A to B at a speed of 15 miles/hour while his return speed is 10 miles/hour. What is the distance between the 2 towns?(a)11 miles (b)18 miles (c)15 miles (d)12 miles (e)10 miles Question #5: The volume of a cube-shaped glass C1 of edge a is equal to half the volume of a cylinder-shaped glass C2. The radius of C2 is equal to the edge of C1. What is the height of C2?(a)2·a /π (b)a / π (c)a / (2·π) (d)a / π (e)a + πQuestion #6: How many integers x are there such that 2x < 100, and at the same time the number 2x + 2 is an integer divisible by both 3 and 2?(a)1 (b)2 (c) 3 (d) 4 (e)5Question #7: sin(x)cos(x)(1 + tan2(x)) =(a)tan(x) + 1 (b)cos(x)(c)sin(x) (d)tan(x)(e)sin(x) + cos(x)Question #8: If 5xy = 210, and x and y are positive integers, each of the following could be the value of x + y except:(a)13 (b) 17 (c) 23 (d)15 (e)43Question #9: The average of the integers 24, 6, 12, x and y is 11. What is the value of the sum x + y?(a)11 (b)17 (c)13 (d)15 (e) 9Question #10: The inequality |2x - 1| > 5 must be true in which one of the following cases?I. x < -5 II. x > 7 III. x > 01.Three unit circles are arranged so that each touches the other two. Find the radii ofthe two circles which touch all three.2.Find all real numbers x such that x + 1 = |x + 3| - |x - 1|.3.(1) Given x = (1 + 1/n)n, y = (1 + 1/n)n+1, show that x y = y x.(2) Show that 12 - 22 + 32 - 42 + ... + (-1)n+1n2 = (-1)n+1(1 + 2 + ... + n).4.All coefficients of the polynomial p(x) are non-negative and none exceed p(0). If p(x)has degree n, show that the coefficient of x n+1 in p(x)2 is at most p(1)2/2.5.What is the maximum possible value for the sum of the absolute values of the differencesbetween each pair of n non-negative real numbers which do not exceed 1?6.AB is a diameter of a circle. X is a point on the circle other than the midpoint ofthe arc AB. BX meets the tangent at A at P, and AX meets the tangent at B at Q. Show that the line PQ, the tangent at X and the line AB are concurrent.7.Four points on a circle divide it into four arcs. The four midpoints form a quadrilateral.Show that its diagonals are perpendicular.8.Find the smallest positive integer b for which 7 + 7b + 7b2 is a fourth power.9.Show that there are no positive integers m, n such that 4m(m+1) = n(n+1).10.ABCD is a convex quadrilateral with area 1. The lines AD, BC meet at X. The midpointsof the diagonals AC and BD are Y and Z. Find the area of the triangle XYZ.11.A square has tens digit 7. What is the units digit?12.Find all ordered triples (x, y, z) of real numbers which satisfy the following systemof equations:xy = z - x - yxz = y - x - zyz = x - y - z。

新SAT写作考试要求同学们进行“分析性写作”，简单来说就是在读懂“作者写了什么”的基础上能够分析作者“怎么写的”及“为何这么写“，并用严谨而准确的书面英语表达出来。

主要分为以下几大步：步骤一：阅读（关键词法）拿到文章后，怎样既快又准地读懂文章呢？通常，第一遍阅读时为了通晓文意，我们不需要，也没有足够的时间，去逐字逐句慢慢品读，因此我们应该拿起笔，边读边划，划出能让我们记住这个段落主旨的词句。

根据论说文的共性特点，通常每段话的首句往往是“主题句”（也有例外），主题句尤其值得关注，因为整个段落通常围绕主题句展开。

然而，有些句子很长很复杂，这时，划出“关键词”对于快速领会句子意思有十分重要的作用。

对“关键词”的选择具有一定主观性，但是真正懂得阅读的人基本上会达成一些共识，我们的课堂上会具体展开学习，如何学会抓关键词，在主观因素存在的情况之下，有哪些相对客观的标准值得我们考虑和遵循。

步骤二：分析（贴标签法）分析是为第三步“写作”而准备素材的。

在进行分析性写作时，我们要记住一个字“精”。

“精”首先指的是精确，一篇文章可写的方面非常多，不要妄图面面俱到，而是选择令你影响最深刻的几个切入点展开即可。

这一点在官方指南OG中第179页有鲜明的提示。

（“Your Essay does not have to address the author’s use of allthree components…in order to earn high scores. An Essay that provides strong analysisof fewer but well-chosen points will likely score better than an essay thatprovides little analysis of a long list of points. ”）“精”还指精细，分析性写作的目的不只是“概括”文章内容(summarizing)，而更侧重于探讨作者写作的方式和意图及其同文章主旨目的的相关性。

新SAT阅读真题原文解析新SAT阅读真题原文来啦~和小编一起来看看SAT阅读都考了哪些内容吧!Unfortunately or fortunately, Nawab hadmarried early in life a sweet woman of unsurpassed fertility, whom he adored,and she proceeded to bear him children spaced, if not less than nine monthsapart, then not that much more. And all daughters, one after another afteranother, until finally the looked-for son arrived, leaving Nawab with acomplete set of twelve girls, ranging from toddler to age eleven, and one oddpiece. If he had been governor of the Punjab, their dowries would have beggaredhim. For an electrician and mechanic, no matter how light-fingered, thereseemed no question of marrying them all off. No moneylender in his right mindwould, at any rate of interest, advance a sufficient sum to buy the necessaryitems for each daughter: beds, a dresser, trunks, electric fans, dishes, sixsuits of clothes for the groom, six for the bride, perhaps a television, and onand on and on.Another man might have thrown up hishands—but not Nawabdin. The daughters acted asa spur to his genius, and helooked with satisfaction in the mirror each morning at the face of a warriorgoing out to do battle. Nawab of course knew that he must proliferate hissources of revenue—the salary he received from K. K. Harouni for tending thetube wells would not even begin to suffice. He set up a one-room flour mill,run off a condemned electric motor—condemned by him. He tried his hand atfish-farming in a pond at the edge of one of his master’s fields. He boughtbroken radios, fixed them, and resold them. He did not demur even when asked tofix watches, although that enterprise did spectacularly badly, and earned himmore kicks than kudos, for no watch he took apart ever kept time again.K. K. Harouni lived mostly in Lahore andrarely visited his farms. Whenever the old man did visit, Nawab would placehimself night and day at the door leading from the servants’ sitting area intothe walled grove of ancient banyan trees where the old farmhouse stood.Grizzled, his peculiar aviator glasses bent and smudged, Nawab tended thehousehold machinery, the air-conditioners, water heaters, refrigerators, andpumps, like an engineer tending the boilers on a foundering steamer in anAtlantic gale. By his superhuman efforts, he almost managed to maintain K. K.Harouni in the same mechanical cocoon, cooled and bathed and lighted and fed,that the landowner enjoyed in Lahore.Harouni, of course, became familiar with thisubiquitous man, who not only accompanied him on his tours of inspection butcould be found morning and night standing on the master bed rewiring the lightfixture or poking at the water heater in the bathroom. Finally, one evening atteatime, gauging the psychological moment, Nawab asked if he might say a word.The landowner, who was cheerfully filing his nails in front of a cracklingrosewood fire, told him to go ahead.“Sir, as you know, your lands stretch fromhere to the Indus, and on these lands are fully seventeen tube wells, and totend these seventeen tube wells there is but one man, me, yourservant. In yourservice I have earned these gray hairs”—here he bowed his head to show thegray—“and now I cannot fulfill my duties as I should. Enough, sir, enough. Ibeg you, forgive me my weakness. Better a darkened house and proud hungerwithin than disgrace in the light of day. Release me, I ask you, I beg you.”The old man, well accustomed to these sortsof speeches, though not usually this florid, filed away at his nails and waitedfor the breeze to stop.“What’s the matter, Nawabdin?”“Matter, sir? Oh, what could be the matter inyour service? I’ve eaten your salt for all my years. But, sir, on the bicyclenow, with my old legs, and with the many injuries I’ve received when heavymachinery fell on me—I cannot any longer bicycle about like a bridegroom fromfarm to farm, as I could when I first had the good fortune to enter yourservice. I beg you, sir, let me go.”“And what is the solution?” Harouni asked,seeing that they had come to the crux. He didn’t particularly care one way orthe other, except that it touched on his comfort—a matter of great interest tohim.“Well, sir, if I had a motorcycle, then Icould somehow limp along, at least until I train up some younger man.”The crops that year had been good, Harounifelt expansive in front of the fire, and so, much to the disgust of the farmmanagers, Nawab received a brand-new motorcycle, a Honda 70. He even managed toextract an allowance for gasoline.The motorcycle increased his status, gave himweight, so that people began calling him Uncle and asking his opinion on worldaffairs, about which he knew absolutely nothing. He could now range farther,doing much wider business. Best of all, now he could spend every night with hiswife, who early in the marriage had begged to live not in Nawab’s quarters inthe village but with her family in Firoza, near the only girls’ school in thearea. A long straight road ran from the canal headworks near Firoza all the wayto the Indus, through the heart of the K. K. Harouni lands. The road ran on thebed of an old highway built when these lands lay within a princely state. Somehundred and fifty years ago, one of the princes had ridden that way, going to awedding or a funeral in this remote district, felt hot, and ordered thatrosewood trees be planted to shade the passersby. Within a few hours, he forgotthat he had given the order, and in a few dozen years he in turn was forgotten,but these trees still stood, enormous now, some of them dead and loomingwithout bark, white and leafless. Nawab would fly down this road on his newmachine, with bags and streamers hanging from every knob and brace, so that thebike, when he hit a bump, seemed to be flapping numerous small vestigial wings;and with his grinning face, as he rolled up to whichever tube well neededservicing, with his ears almost blown off, he shone with the speed of hisarrival.。

2The passages below are followed by questions based on their content; questions following a pair of related passages may also be based on the relationship between the paired passages. Answer the questions on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passages and in any introductory material that may be provided.Questions 9-12 are based on the following passages. Passage 1The intelligence of dolphins is well documented by sci-ence. Studies show that dolphins are able to understandsign language, solve puzzles, and use objects in their environment as tools. Scientists also believe that dolphins5 possess a sophisticated language: numerous instances havebeen recorded in which dolphins transmitted informationfrom one individual to another. A recent experiment provedthat dolphins can even recognize themselves in a mirrorsomething achieved by very few animals. This behavior10 demonstrates that dolphins are aware of their own indi-viduality, indicating a level of intelligence that may bevery near our own.Passage 2Are dolphins unusually intelligent? Dolphins havelarge brains, but we know that brain size alone does15 not determine either the nature or extent of intelligence.Some researchers have suggested that dolphins have bigbrains because they need them for sonar and soundprocessing and for social interactions. Others have arguedthat regardless of brain size, dolphins have an intelligence20 level somewhere between that of a dog and a chimpanzee. The fact is, we don¡¯t know, and comparisons may not be especially helpful. Just as human intelligence is appropri-ate for human needs, dolphin intelligence is right for the dolphin’s way of life. Until we know more, all we can say25 is that dolphin intelligence is different.9. In lines 2-8, the author of Passage 1 mentions activities that suggest dolphinsA are unusually sensitive to their environmentB do not generally thrive in captivityC have a unique type of intelligence .D are uncommonly playful animalsE have skills usually associated with humans10.The author of Passage 2 would most likely respond to the last sentence of Passage 1 byA suggesting that intelligence in animals is virtually impossible to measureB observing that intelligence does not mean the same thing for every speciesC questioning the objectivity of the studies already conductedD noting that dolphin activities do not require a high level of intelligenceE arguing that little is actually known about dolphin social behavior11 . The two passages differ in their views of dolphin intelligence in that Passage 1 states that dolphinsA share a sophisticated culture, while Passage 2contends that dolphin intelligence is roughly equal to human intelligenceB are as intelligent as humans, while Passage 2 notes that dolphins outperform other animalsC are more intelligent than most other animals, while Passage 2 points out that dolphins are less intelligent than other mammalsD are highly intelligent, while Passage 2 suggests that there is not enough evidence to understand dolphin intelligence fullyE have large brains, while Passage 2 argues that brain size does not signify intelligence12.Which generalization about dolphins is supported by both passages?A They display self-awareness.B They are more emotional than other animals.C They learn at a rapid rate.D They have a certain degree of intelligence.E They have shown the ability to use tools.Questions 13-24 are based on the following passage.The following passage appeared in an essay written in 1987 in which the author, who is of Native American descent, examines the representation of Native Americans during the course of United States history.In many respects living Native Americans remain as mysterious, exotic, and unfathomable to their contempo-raries at the end of the twentieth century as they were to the Pilgrim settlers over three hundred fifty years ago. Native5 rights, motives, customs, languages, and aspirations are misunderstood by Euro-Americans out of a culpable igno-rance that is both self-serving and self-righteous. Part ofthe problem may well stem from the long.b standing ten-dency of European or Euro-American thinkers to regard10 Native Americans as fundamentally and profoundlydifferent, motivated more often by mysticism than byambition, charged more by unfathomable visions thanby intelligence or introspection.This idea is certainly not new. Rousseau’s* “noble15 savages” wandered, pure of heart, through a pristine world. Since native people were simply assumed to be incompre-hensible, they were seldom comprehended. Their societies were simply beheld, often through cloudy glasses, andrarely probed by the tools of logic and deductive analysis 20 automatically reserved for cultures prejudged to be“civilized .”And on those occasions when Europeansdid attempt to formulate an encompassing theory, it was not, ordinarily, on a human-being-to-human-being basis,but rather through an ancestor-descendant model. Native 25 Americans, though obviously contemporary with theirobservers, were somehow regarded as ancient, examplesof what Stone Age Europeans must have been like.It’ s a great story, an international crowd pleaser, butthere is a difficulty: Native Americans were, and are,30 Homo sapiens sapiens. Though often equipped with a shovel-shaped incisor tooth, eyes with epicanthic folds,or an extra molar cusp, Native American people have hadto cope, for the last forty thousand years or so, just like everyone else. Their cultures have had to make internal35 sense, their medicines have had to work consistently andpractically, their philosophical explanations have had to be reasonably satisfying and dependable, or else the ancestorsof those now called Native Americans would truly havevanished long ago.40 The reluctance in accepting this obvious fact comesfrom the Eurocentric conviction that the West holds a monopoly on science, logic, and clear thinking. Toadmit that other, culturally divergent viewpoints areequally plausible is to cast doubt on the monolithic45 center of Judeo-Christian belief: that there is but oneof everything God, right way, truth ---and Europeans alone knew what that was. If Native American cultures were acknowledged as viable, then European societieswere something less than an exclusive club. It is little50 wonder, therefore, that Native Americans were perceivednot so much as they were but as they had to be, from aEuropean viewpoint. They dealt in magic, not method.They were stuck in their past, not guided by its precedents.Such expedient misconception argues strongly for the55 development and dissemination of a more accurate, more objective historical account of native peoples a goaleasier stated than accomplished. Native American societies were nonliterate before and during much of.the early periodof their contact with Europe, making the task of piecing60 together a history particularly demanding. The familiar and reassuring kinds of written documentation found in European societies of equivalent chronological periods do not exist,and the forms of tribal record preservation available oral history, tales, mnemonic devices, and religious rituals-65 strike university-trained academics as inexact, unreliable, and suspect. Western historians, culture-bound by theirown approach to knowledge, are apt to declaim that next to nothing, save the evidence of archaeology, can be knownof early Native American life. To them, an absolute void70 is more acceptable and rigorous than an educated guess.However, it is na to assume that any culture’s historyis perceived without subjective prejudice. Every modern observer, whether he or she was schooled in the traditionsof the South Pacific or Zaire, of Hanover, New Hampshire, 75 or Vienna, Austria, was exposed at an early age to one oranother form of folklore about Native Americans. For some, the very impressions about Native American tribesthat initially attracted them to the field of American history are aspects most firmly rooted in popular myth and stereo- 80 type. Serious scholarship about Native American culture andhistory is unique in that it requires an initial, abrupt, andwrenching demythologizing. Most students do not startfrom point zero, but from minus zero, and in the process are often required to abandon cherished childhood fantasies of 85 superheroes or larger-than-life villains.* Rousseau was an eighteenth-century French philosopher.13. The reference to “the Pilgrim settlers”(lines 3-4) is used to(A) invite reflection about a less complicated era(B) suggest the lasting relevance of religious issues(C) establish a contrast with today’s reformers(D) debunk a myth about early colonial life(E) draw a parallel to a current condition14. In line 12, “charged” most nearly means(A) commanded(B) indicated(C) replenished(D) inspired(E) attacked15. In line 14, the reference to Rousseau is used to emphasize theA philosophical origins of cultural biasB longevity of certain types of misconceptionsC tendency to fear the unknownD diversity among European intellectual traditionsE argument that even great thinkers are fallible16. The phrase “international crowd pleaser” (line 28) refers toA an anthropological fallacyB an entertaining noveltyC a harmless deceptionD a beneficial errorE a cultural revolution17. Th e “difficulty”referred to in line 29 most directly underminesA the ancestor-descendant model used by European observers .B the possibility for consensus in anthropological inquiryC efforts to rid popular culture of false stereotypesD theories based exclusively on logic and deductive reasoningE unfounded beliefs about early European communities18. Lines 34-37 (“Their cultures . . . dependable”) describeA customs that fuel myths about a societyB contradictions that conventional logic cannot resolveC characteristics that are essential to the survival of any peopleD criteria that Western historians traditionally use to assessculturesE preconditions that must be met before a culture can influence others19. The two senten ces that begin with “They” in lines 52-53 serve to express theA way one group perceived anotherB results of the latest researchC theories of Native Americans about EuropeansD external criticisms that some Native Americans acceptedE survival techniques adopted by early human societies20. In lines 66-70, the author portrays Western historians asA oblivious to the value of archaeological researchB disadvantaged by an overly narrow methodologyC excessively impressed by prestigious credentialsD well meaning but apt to do more harm than goodE anxious to contradict the faulty conclusions of their predecessors21. The “educated guess”mentioned in line 70 would most likely be based onA compilations of government population statisticsB sources such as oral histories and religious ritualsC analyses of ancient building structures by archaeologistsD measurements of fossils to determine things such asphysical characteristicsE studies of artifacts discovered in areas associated withparticular tribes22. The geographical references in lines 74-75 serve tounderscore theA influence Native American culture has had outside theUnited StatesB argument that academic training is undergoingincreasing homogenizationC universality of certain notions about Native AmericanpeoplesD idea that Native Americans have more in common withother peoples than is acknowledgedE unlikelihood that scholars of Native American historywill settle their differences23.The passage suggests that “Most students” (line 82) need to undergo a process of(A) rebelliousness(B) disillusionment(C) hopelessness(D) inertia(E) self-denial24.In line 83, “minus zero” refers to the(A)nature of the preconceptions held by most beginning scholars of Native American culture(B) quality of scholarship about Native American cultures as currently practiced at most universities(C) reception that progressive scholars of Native American history have received in academia(D) shortage of written sources available to studentsof Native American history(E) challenges that face those seeking grants to conductoriginal research about Native American history5Each passage below is followed by questions based on its content. Answer the questions on the basis of what is stated or implied in each passage and in any introductory material that may be provided.Questions 6-7 are based on the following passage.Sometimes the meaning of old phrases is self-evident,as with to move like greased lightning and a close shave.But quite often we are left with language that seems tohave sprung out of the blue and does not appear to signify5 anything in particular even steven, fit as a fiddle, or topaint the town red. Explanations are frequently positedbut are too often unpersuasive. One popular dictionary, for example, suggests that to be joshing might be connected tothe humorist Josh Billings, but in fact the term was current10 as early as 1845. Josh Billings was unknown outside his neighborhood until 1860.6. Which of the following phrases would the author he most likely to add to the list in lines 5-6?A To take a chanceB To jump for joyC To lend an earD To talk through your hatE To flareup7. The last sentence of the passage primarilyserves toA cite a well-known factB invalidate a theoryC make a veiled accusationD note a puzzling incidentE explain the origins of a phrase Questions 8-9 are based on the following passage.The following study is concerned with Western citiesfrom the Middle Ages up to the twentieth century, in termsof who did what, why, where, and when. It aims to startwith the functions that have drawn people to cities, and to5 work outward from them to the spaces and buildings thatgrew up to cater to them. Savoring cities in ignorance or drinking them in visually is not enough; I want to find outnot just who designed the buildings and when they werebuilt but why they were built.8. Which of the following would most likely be found at the beginning of this study?A A statistical analysis of crime rates in severalancient Western citiesB A discussion of the role of central market- places in the early Middle AgesC A series of portraits of famous people who have chosen city lifeD An account of the architectural challenges involved in building large cathedrals.E An essay on ancient archaeological sites worth visiting today9. The primary purpose of the passage is toA criticize a studyB justify an expenseC explain an approachD depict an eraE defend a decisionQuestions 10-18 are based on the following passage.In this passage, a British novelist and critic recalls afavorite painring.The first painting I ever bought was by Sheila Fell Iwent to her studio in Redcliffe Square feeling uncom-fortable and even embarrassed, thinking how awful to bean artist. having to put up with prospective buyers coming5 to gape, whereas writers never need to see anyone readtheir books. I kept wishing, all the way up the steep flightsof stairs, that I could go and look without Sheila beingthere. I imagined she must be feeling the same.I was wrong. Sheila didn’t care who looked at her10 paintings or what they thought of them or whether she sold them. She was perfectly at ease, seemed to me to enjoy showing her work. There was a confidence about how she propped up canvas after canvas tha(made me in turn relax.I don t know why I d been so apprehensive after all,15 we had Cumberland in common, there was no need for meto explain why I was drawn to her work. What I missed,exiled in London, she missed: the landscape of where wehad both been born and brought up.The painting was of a haystack in a field. The haystack20 had clearly just been made. it was golden and the field flooded with a red-gold light. the whole atmospheremellow and rich.It was a large painting and I realized as soon as it arrived at my home,that however much 1 loved it I had no wall and 25 no room to do it justice. I put it on the largest wall we hadin the biggest room and still I felt I was insulting it ---thepower of the picture was too huge to be contained in ourordinary house. And the light was wrong. The paintingcouldn’t glow. as it wanted to it needed a vast, empty30 room and a great distance in front of it. One day, 1 hoped,I’d take it back to Cumberland and find a house therewhere it could settle happily. But when, after thirty years, we found that house, the painting was failed again. Thewalls were no bigger and neither were the rooms. So I sold 35 the painting and bought another, smaller hei1a Fell.It was a terrible mistake. The moment The painting had been taken away I realized how stupid I¡¯d been. So it hadbeen overwhelming, too large, too dramatic to contain ineither house but I shouldn’t have let that matter, I should40 have found a way to keep it. I grieved for it and wished I could buy it back, marry it again after the folly of a divorce.But it was too late. And then, in I 990, 1 went to the Sheila Fell Exhibition at the Royal Academy and there, in prideof place, at the end of the longest room, the room it had45 always needed, was my painting. Its beauty was stunning. People stopped and stared and admired and I wanted toshout that what they were looking at was mine. I am notat all possessive by nature but suddenly I felt fiercelypossessive. This glorious painting had been part of my life 50 for so very long and I didn’t seem to be able to grasp that Ihad willfully let it go.I went back to the exhibition day after day and on the last one became almost maudlin at saying my goodbyes.I don’ t know who owns the painting now it merely said55 “Private Collection¡± in the catalog -- but I doubt if I’ll ever.see it again. In a way, that’s better than being able to goand look at it hanging in a public gallery I’d only go on torturingiyse1f with wanting it back. I can see every detail ofit in my mind’s eye anyway. It lives in my head. I can60 recite it like a poem, and so in a sense I can never lose it. 10. Which statement best summarizes the description of the hypothetical group of people in lines 45 compared to that ofthe actual group in line 46 ?A The first is uneducated; the second has professional training.B The first slights the artist; the second is overly respectful.C The first is somewhat intrusive; the second is apparently appreciative.D The first rejects the artist’s methodology; thesecond praises it. . .E The first is acquisitive; the second is generous and giving.11. Line 8 (“I imagined . . . the same”) suggests that the narratorA believes that most artists feel as she does in the presence of an audienceB is as excited about Sheila Fell’s work as she is about her ownC is insecure about promoting her books in front of prospective buyersD regards Sheila Fell’s attitude as eccentricE enjoys the company of artists and writers12. The central contrast between the first paragraph (lines 1-8) and the second (lines 9-18) is best described in which terms?A Idealism versus practicalityB Expectation versus realityC Speculation versus investigationD Anticipation versus disappointmentE Generosity versus possessiveness13 In line 25, the author assumes that “justice” would beA recognizing the unique achievements of an artistB ensuring that a work of art reaches the widest possible audienceC displaying a work of art to its best advantageD enhancing one’s daily life with beautiful artE providing elegant surroundings for exceptional paintings14. “It was a terrible mistake”(line 36) because the narratorA had no other souvenirs of CumberlandB allowed pragmatic concerns to override her fondness for the paintingC did not realize how valuable the painting would become to collectorsD felt that she had betrayed Sheila Fell’s trustE was unable to appreciate the smaller Sheila Fell painting15 In line 41, the metaphor describing “folly” suggests that paintings canA lose their aura when seen too often in familiar surroundingsB reinforce misleading recollections of childhood placesC arouse strong emotions in their ownersD provoke artists to make premature decisions p bring backE painful memories of what they depict16 The narrator says that for her the painting is “like a poem”(line 60) because itA may be shared with others as a source of pleasureB is essential to the narrator’s sense of identityC represents the narrator’ s longing for beautiful objectsD makes a powerful firm impression upon the narratorE is preserved vividly within the narrator’s mind17 In the closing paragraphs, the narrator uses the language of human interaction in describing the painting in order to emphasize theA empathy she feels with its creatorB difficulty she encounters in maintaining itC pressure she feels to “divorce”D it extent to which she feels its lossE quality of her nostalgia for what it depicts18. The passage serves mainly toA discuss the influence of environment on artistic achievementB defend the works of a controversial artist explore the emotionalC context of a particular series of eventsD argue against placing undue emphasis on the economic value of artE stimulate interest in an overlooked artistic genreQuestions 19-24 are based on the following passage.The following passage is excerpted from a review of a book about aviation’s early years.Aviation belonged to the new century in payt becausethe engineering that went into flying machines was utterly. different from that of the Industrial Revolution. Nineteenth-century engineering revolved around the steam engine. It5 was about weight and brute power beautifully machined heavy steel, burnished bronze, polished copper pipes,ornamental cast iron everything built, with no expense spared, to withstand great pressures and last any number oflifetimes. Airplane construction was the opposite of all that;10 it was about lightness.The Wright brothers, who created 4rne of the first airplanes, started out making bicycles, which were all therage at the turn of the century. They knew about thin-wallsteel tubes, wire-spoked wheels, chain droves, and whatever 15 else it took to construct efficient machines that weighed as little as possible. In effect, they were practical engineers atthe cheap end of the market, but they happened to befascinated by flight. Says one writer, “Wilbur [Wright]spent his time studying the flight of vultures, eagles,20 ospreys, and hawks, trying to discover the secret of theirability to maneuver with their wings in unstable air.Tothose who later asked him how he learned to fly, he lovedto reply through his scarcely opened lips: ‘Like a bird.’”This is the point at which engineering intersects with the 25 imagination, with humanity’s ancient dream of freeingitself from gravity. Until the first fliers got to work, thebody was earthbound,but it enclosed a soul that flew--- inmeditation, in poetry, and, as the seventeenth-centuryEnglish poet Andrew Marvell showed, sometimes30 spectacularly in both:Casting the body’ s vest asideMy soul into the boughs does glide:There, like a Bird, it sits and sings,Then whets and combs its silver wings,35 And, till prepared for longer flight,Waves in its plumes the various light.At the beginning of this century, the new light engineering that allowed people to fly seemed to theuninitiated a kind of poetry . In 1913 , a writer in the40 Atlantic Monthly claimed that “machinery is our new artform” and praised “the engineers whose poetry is too deepto look poetic” and whose gifts “have swung. their soulsfree . . . like gods.” One of Wright’s most eloquent admirers called him a poet and compared him to one of45 “those monks of Asia Minor who live perched on the topsof inaccessible mountain peaks. The soul of Wilbur Wright is just as high and faraway.” Wright was, in fact, “deeplymiddle-class and unheroic,¡” writes one biographer, butthose obsessed with the glamour of flight pretended not to 50 notice.19.The primary purpose of the passage is toA profile the unique personalities of aviation pioneersB examine the theme pf flight in contemporary poetryC survey the effects of aviation on twentieth-centurylifestylesD explain important principles of flight in nontechnical languageE discuss how early aviation captured people’s imagination20. In lines 3-9, the description of the steam engine is primarily intended to illustrateA how train engineers provided a model that aviation engineers could followB how the Industrial Revolution accelerated society’s interest in travelC a form of engineering that emphasized immense mass and strengthD a twentieth-century preoccupation with style over practicalityE an inefficient mode of transportation whose value was overrated21. The author refers to “the cheap end of the market” (line17) to make the point thatA aviation’s progress was hindered by people who had little concern for qualityB the public could afford to fly because airplanes used inexpensive materialsC aviators were the target of unwarranted and petty criticismD the pioneers of aviation had modest technological beginningsE nineteenth-century engineering methods were too extravagant22 In lines 3 1 -36, the author quotes Marvell’s poetry primarily to illustrateA the contrast between imaginative and practical engineeringB the solution to the mystery of flightC how the advantages of flight outweigh its dangersD how those who analyze the mechanics of flight overlook its beautyE humanity’s deep longing to be able to fly23. The quotation in lines 41-42 (“t he engineers. . . poetic”) serves to reinforce the point thatA machines can be as inspiring as works of artB technology and poetry are both misunderstoodC scientific practicality is more important than artistic creativityD the technical language of engineers has a lyrical qualityE artistic pretensions are not suitable for engineers24. In lines 47-48, the inclusion of the biographer’s remarks is intended toA criticize an instance of unimaginative thinkingB demystify the image of an individualC reiterate a generally accepted viewD reassess the importance of an inventionE perpetuate the legacy of a scientific hero8The two passages below are followed by questions based on their content and on the relationship between the two passages. Answer the questions on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passages and in any introductory material that may beprovided.Questions 7-19 are based on the following passages.The narrator of Passage I describes the behavior of hisf riend Jerry, with whom he is rooming in an unspecified African country. In Passage 2, a different narrator describes himself while visiting an English couple in London. Both. fictional works were published in the early 1980’s.Passage 1Jerry was deceitful, but at the time I did not think hewas imaginative enough to do any damage. And yet his was not the conventional double life that most White people led in Africa. Jerry had certain ambitions: ambition makes 5 more liars than egotism does. But Jerry was so careful, his lies such modest calculations, that he was always believed. He said he was from Boston. “Belmont actually,” he told me. when I said I was from Medford. His passport said Watertown. He felt he had to conceal it. That explained10 a lot: the insecurity of living on the lower slopes of the long hill, between the smoldering steeples of Boston and the clean, high-priced air of Belmont. We are probably nomore class-conscious than the British, but when we make class an issue, it seems more than snobbery. It becomes15 a bizarre spectacle, a kind of attention-seeking, and I can- not hear an American speaking of his or her social position without thinking of a human fly, one of those tiny peoplein grubby capes whom one sometimes sees clinging to the brickwork of a tall building.20 What had begun as fantasy had, after six months of his repeating it in our insignificant place, made it seem like fact. I had the impression that it was one of the reasons Jerry wanted to stay in Africa. If you tell enough lies about your- self. they take hold. It becomes impossible ever to go back, 25 since that means facing the truth. In Africa, no one could dispute what Jerry.said he was: a wealthy Bostonian, from a family of some distinction, adventuring in philanthropy before inheriting his father’s business.Passage 2Anna and Chris made me at ease the first day in their 30 polished living. room -though I was not sure why these people would bother putting themselves out for me at all. And when they kept inviting me back for dinner partiesand extending their hospitality; I wondered if maybe they were bored, or if their ignorance of American types was35 such that they failed to see that I was not at all of their social class: 1 kept expecting some crude regional expression to betray me; and, once 1 thought of it in those terms, I knew 1 would have to make sure they saw that side of me--- todo less would be like trying to ¡°pass.¡±.Yet whatever I said 40 seemed to make no difference in their acceptance. 1 thensuspected that my rough-edgedness itself was entertainingto them as a source of vitality, their diversion-of-the-month. This would have made more sense if the Hodgkinsons were bored, dried-up people who needed to feast on any new45 stranger, but they were not; they were in the world andleading stimulating lives and I finally had to come to the anxious conclusion that they simply liked me.The truth was 1 had changed, though I was perhapsthe last to see it. While still feeling myself a child from50 the slums; I had gotten a university education, acquireda taste for esoteric culture; and now. when I thought backto my students in East Harlem, where I felt I should really belong, it seemed that I was a stranger there as well. Yet Idid no fit in with people born to middle-class comfort either.55 It see4ied there was no group at all in which I could feel athome.Perhaps anyone with the tiniest sensitivity comes tothat banal conclusion. But what I was seeing now with horror,in the accepting eyes of those a class above me, was that。

SAT真题0601S61. Black Americans in Flight, a mural honoring several aviation pioneers, also ______ the 1992 spaceflight of astronaut Mae Jemison.A. discernsB. introducesC. approximatesD. commemoratesE. asserts2. The new antifungal has such ______ uses from treating Dutch elm disease to rescuing water-damaged works of art from molds, that it is considered one of the more ______ antibiotics.A. disturbing…explicitB. innova tive…precipitou sC. mysterious…recognizedD. varied…versatile3. The child had a tendency toward aggressive behavior, a ______ fighting rather than resolving differences amicably.A. propensity forB. confusion aboutC. disregard ofD. hostility towardE. compunction about4. Physical exercise often has a ______ effect, releasing emotional tension and refreshing the spirit.A. pejorativeB. debilitatingC. catharticD. retentiveE. tenacious5. Because rap and hip-hop offer such ______ commentary on contemporary issues, they are often said to be sharp-edged musical genres.A. nebulousB. trenchantC. circumspectD. prosaicE. benignEach passage below is followed hy questions based on its content. Answer the questions on the basis of what is stated or implkxl in each passage and in any introductory material that may be provided.Questions 6-7 are based on the following passage."Mechanical pencils rule,'" my fifteen-year-old grandniece, Genevieve, declared when I invited her to be her generation's voice on school supplies. "Nobody Line sharpens anymore." Then, continuing with a fashion maven's hyperbole and arbitrary imperatives, she gave a passionate disquisition on types of clickers, new grips, smaller lead sizes, and other niceties of pencil selection. As she consigned the yellow-painted wooden pencil to the wastebasket of history. I felt a rush of nostalgia for the perfumed sharpener shavings of my youth.6. In lines 4-5, the author refers to a "fashion maven's" tone primarily in order to(A) imply that Genevieve has only a superficial appreciation of mechanical pencils(B) suggest that Genevieve is excessively concerned about her clothing(C) illustrate some of the exaggerated claims made bymechanical pencil manufacturers(D) emphasize the unpredictability of trends in consumer tastes(E) indicate that Genevieve expresses her opinions with authority and flair7. The author mentions "sharpener shavings" (line 10) in order to portray a mood of(A) unrestrained joy(B) sentimental reminiscence(C) bitter disappointment(D) cautious optimism(E) dark forebodingQuestions 8-9 are based on the following passage.Black holes are the most efficient engines of destruction known to humanity. Their intense gravity is a one-way ticket to oblivion, and material spiraling into them can heat up to millions of degrees and glow brightly. Yet, they are not all-powerful. Even supermassive black holes are minuscule by cosmic standards. They typically account for less than one percent of their galaxy's mass. Accordingly, astronomers long assumed that supermassive holes, let alone their smaller cousins, would have little effect beyond their immediate neighborhoods. So it has come as a surprise over the past decade that black hole activity is closely intertwined with star formation occurring farther out in the galaxy.8. Which best describes the function of the statement in lines 10-13 ("So it. . . galaxy") ?(A) It summarizes the points made in the first four lines of the passage.(B) It provides support for the argument asserted in thepreceding statement.(C) It introduces a new view of information presented earlier in the passage.(D) It challenges recent scientific findings.(E) It offers examples to support a theory.9. Which of the following most resembles the relationship between "black hole activity" and "star formation" (lines 11-12) as described in the passage?(A) A volcanic eruption on one continent results in higher rainfall totals on another continent.(B) Industrial emissions in one region lead to an increase in airborne pollutants in ceut regions.(C) A drought in a wilderness area causes asignificant loss of vegetation in that area.(D) Decreased oil production in one country results in higher gas prices in oil-dependent countries.(E) Overfishing in a gulf leads to an increase in the population of smaller aquatic organisms.Questions 10-15 are based on the following passage.The following passage is an excerpt from a 1909 novel. Georgia, the main character, is a reporter in an otherwise all-male newsroom.Georgia was to be married. It was the week before Christmas, and on the last day of the year she would become Mrs. Joseph Tank. She had told Joe that if they were to be married at all they might as well get it over with this year, and still there was no need of being married any earlier in the year than was necessary. She assured him that she married him simply because she was tired of having paper bags waved before her eyes every where she went and she thought if she were once officially associated withhim people would not flaunt his idiosyncrasies at her that way. And then Ernestine, her best friend, approved of getting married, and Ernestine's ideas were usually good. To all of which Joe responded that she certainly had a splendid head to figure it out that way. Joe said that to his mind reasons for doing things weren't very important anyhow; it was doing them that counted.Yesterday had been her last day on the paper. She had felt queer about that thing of taking her last assignment, though it was hard to reach just the proper state, for the last story related to pork-packers, and pork-packing is not a setting favorable to sentimental regrets. It was just like the newspaper business not even to allow one a little sentimental harrowing over one's exodus from it. But the time for gentle melancholy came later on when she was sorting her things at her desk just before leaving, and was wondering what girl would have that old desk—if they cared to risk another girl, and whether the other poor girl would slave through the years she should have been frivolous, only to have some man step in at the end and induce her to surrender the things she had gained through sacrifice and toil.As she wrote a final letter on her typewriter—she did hate letting the old machine go—Georgia did considerable philosophizing about the irony of working for things only to the end of giving them up. She had waded through snowdrifts and been drenched in pouring rains, she had been frozen with the cold and prostrated with the heat, she had been blown about by Chicago wind until it was strange there was any of her left in one piece, she had had front doors—yes, and back doors too—slammed in her face, she had been the butt of the alleged wit of menials and hirelings, she had been patronized by vapid women as the poor girl who must make her living some way, she hadbeen roasted by—but never mind—she had had a beat* or two! And now she was to wind it all up by marrying Joseph T ank, who had made a great deal of money out of the manufacture of paper bags. This from her—who had always believed she would end her days in New York, or perhaps write a realistic novel exposing some mighty evil!* the area regularly covered by a reporter10. Based on information presented in the passage, which best describes w hat Georgia was "tired of” (line 8)?(A) Being forced to earn a living(B) Being leased about Joseph Tank(C) Being considered a hack writer by some of her colleagues(D) Being betrayed by her supposed friends(E) Being the only woman in the newsroom11.The second paragraph suggests that Georgia believes the "proper state" (line 19) would be one of(A) excitement(B) wistfulness(C) amusement(D) annoyance(E) relief12. In line 27, “poor” most nearly means(A) pitiable(B) indigent(C) inferior(D) humble(E) petty13. Which most resembles the "irony" mentioned in line 34?(A) A worker moving to a distant state to take a job, only to be fired without warning(B) An executive making an important decision, only to regret it later(C) An athlete earning a starting position on a good team, only to quit in midseason(D) A student studying for a major exam, only to learn that it has been postponed(E) A person purchasing an expensive umbrella, only to lose it on the first rainy day14. The description in lines 35-45 (“She . . . two!") primarily serves to(A) suggest that Georgia envied those women who did not have to work(B) imply that Georgia would be unlikely ever to consider working as a reporter again(C) indicate the role that weather plays in the everyday life of a reporter(D) exaggerate Georgia's reluctance to relinquish her job(E) show the adversities Georgia had to overcome as a reporter15. In context, the phrase "This from her" (lines 47-48) helps to suggest that a(A) specific feeling is quite heartfelt(B) stated viewpoint is highly personal(C) certain decision is out of character(D) particular behavior is extremely upsetting(E) given attitude is unsurprisingQuestions 16-24 are based on the following passage.The following passage is adapted from a book about television and popular culture.Ridiculing television, and warning about its inherent evils, isnothing new. It has been that way since the medium was invented, and television hasn't exactly been lavished with respect as the decades have passed. I suspect, though, that a lot of the fear and loathing directed at television comes out of a time-honored, reflexive overreaction to the dominant medium of the moment. For the past several decades, television has been blamed for corrupting our youth and exciting our adults, distorting reality, and basically being a big, perhaps dangerous, waste of time. Before TV radio and film were accused of the same things. And long before that—in fact, some 2.500 years earlier—philosophers were arguing that poetry and drama should be excluded from any ideal city on much the same grounds.In Book 10 of the Republic, Plato (428-348 B.C.) attacks epic poet Homer (c. 850 B.C.) and the tragedians on several grounds, all of which have a familiar ring. "Their productions are appearances and not realities," he gripes. "Drawing, and in fact all imitation . . . [is] quite removed from the truth." The audience, as well as the art form, troubled Plato, whose remarks are colored by an implied disdain for the popularity of public performances. The "common people," as Plato so charitably calls them, are drawn to "peevish and diverse" characters—such as Odysseus and other heroes in the Iliad and the Odyssey— who (to Plato, anyway) engage in such questionable displays of emotion as "spinning out a long melancholy lamentation" or "disfiguring themselves in grief." To Plato, baring such intimate sorrows is not to be condoned. (Clearly, he would have given thumbs down to the central characters of Shakespeare's Hamlet and Macbeth.) "If you receive the pleasure-seasoned Muse' of song and epic," Plato warns, "pleasure and pain will be kings in your city, instead of law." Finally, Plato sums up his anti-arts argument with the cold,sweeping pronouncement that "poetry is not to be taken seriously." One academic who has studied and written extensively about both Plato and television suggests that Plato, rather than being anti-arts, was merely an elitist. Plato wanted to ban poetry readings and live theater, the argument goes, because, being free and accessible and raucous and extremely popular, they were the mass entertainment of that era. "If, instead of 'tragedy' and 'poetry,' and 'Homer' and 'Aeschylus,'2 you read 'mass entertainment' or 'popular media,' you'll recognize Plato's arguments as the ancestor of all the reasons we have today for being suspicious of television."To wit: poetry, by which Plato means drama, confuses us between appearance and reality. The action it presents is too extreme and violent. Most important, it's a corrupting influence, perverting its audience by bombarding it with inferior characters and vulgar subjects—and con- stituting, in Plato's own words, "a harm to the mind of its audience."If Plato's Republic had become reality, it would have been a republic with a lot of empty libraries, theaters, and museums—if, indeed, those repositories of the arts would have survived at all. Plato's personal utopia never came to pass—but throughout the centuries, wherever and whenever a new medium of artistic expression attracted a lot of people, someone has been ready, waiting, and eager to attack its content and fear its impact.1 The Muses inspired poetry and song in Greek mythology.2 Aeschylus (525-456 B.C.) was a Greek tragic dramatist.16. The opening paragraph primarily serves to(A) criticize the way television distorts the truth(B) examine the evolution of television as a medium(C) place contemporary criticism of television in a historicalcontext(D) directly compare television and drama as art forms(E) explain why television, radio, and drama appeal to the masses17. Which of the following television shows would be LEAST vulnerable to the criticism expressed in lines 8-11 ("For. . . time") ?(A) A melodrama in which police detectives attempt to solve crimes(B) A soap opera depicting interpersonal conflicts in a fictional law firm(C) A comedy whose primary characters are supernatural(D) A documentary on the state of education in the nation(E) A talk show that encourages people to confront each other in front of a studio audience18. In line 26, "drawn" most nearly means(A) brought(B) depicted(C) selected(D) attracted(E) shaped19. Which of the following best characterizes Plato's view of the heroes mentioned in line 27?(A) Admiration(B) Curiosity(C) Distrust(D) Disappointment(E) Contempt20. The "'academic'" (line 39) indicates that Plato was primarily characterized by his(A) insight(B) artistry(C) cynicism(D) irreverence(E) snobbishness21. The primary purpose of the statements in lines 39-45 ("One . . . that era") is to(A) provide an interpretation of a viewpoint described in the previous paragraph(B) show how Plato's view of politics should be understood in today's terms(C) put divergent interpretations of Plato into historical perspective(D) acc ount for the appeal of Plato’s writings(E) signal a digression in the passage22. The fourth paragraph (lines 50-56) indicates that Plato's principal objection to "poetry" (line 50) was its(A) confusing language(B) widespread popularity(C) depiction of turbulent events(D) influence on people's morals(E) misrepresentation of historical figures、23. The author of the passage would probably agree with which of the following statements about the "Utopia" referred to in line 60 ?(A) It would have encouraged new artistic ventures.(B) It would have stifled human creativity.(C) It is an ideal that we should continue to work towards.(D) It may come to pass because of the popularity of television.(E) It was a notion rejected by Greek philosophers.24. The comment about "a new medium of artistic expression" (line 62) primarily suggests that(A) the author holds a fatalistic view of the future for artistic expression(B) certain societies in the past have been slow to accept new art forms(C) people often disguise their true feelings when it comes to art(D) the popular response to a new art form will often overcome opposition to it(E) a popular new art form will always receive some form of negative response。

SAT阅读的中国式解读暨真题检验——2008年5月份SAT考题分析一．文章类型1.双短：写物——记叙文+记叙文——对立2.中长——自然科学类——地下湖的发现及作用3.双中长——公共生活类——不同方面——不同人对景点广告的评价4.短篇——议论文——直接表达观点——对电视迷你剧的评价5.短篇——记叙文——记物——对新型马戏团的记叙6.长篇——记叙文——回忆录/小说——对自己童年生活的回忆7.长篇——社会科学类——公共生活类-抽象概念解释及讨论——在沙漠旅行的“精神升华”从文章类型来看，这次题目明显简单，因为在长篇部分本应该是小说部分的题目结果却换成了一篇回忆录，对中国学生来说文章难度降低，毕竟读英文小说要比随笔性散文和回忆录要难的多，一方面是小说是节选，只给你高潮部分，需要你边读边做推理，另外很多小说要么用小词（我们平常不注意的表示人物特定动作和感情的词语），要么会出现很多高级词汇（表示人物态度和评价的词语）。

二．题目类型在文章比较简单的情况下，只能靠加大难题的比例来保证总体难度的稳定性，但万变不离其综，基本上来说只要平时复习的到位，各种题型的解法都非常熟稔的情况下，难题的比例加大对考生不会有什么大的影响。

三．总体评价总的来说，2008年5月份的题目对中国考生来说，实际难度是低的（与之相比的是ETS答案参考标准阅读难度还是稳定的149）。

唯一比较难的一篇文章是双中长对比阅读，但是因为题目数量很少，所以不会对考生总成绩造成很大影响，同时没有令中国考生头疼的小说，但是尽管分析起来题目简单，笔者所遇到的2008年5月份的大部分考生并没有认为自己考到了自己理想的分数，归其原因，无非一点，即平时训练的不熟练，还没有达到在短时间内把固定题型固定解法像庖丁解牛一样在考场释放的程度，所以加强训练—总结—再训练的做题方式尤其显得重要。

Section4题目分析：1.文章类型：相同文章类型-OG-PT2-S5-P466-对农场生活的叙述；2.题目类型：取非（6），取非（7），单篇（词汇题）（8），取非（9）3.易错题目：整套题里错误率比较高的一道题是第8题，笔者的很多学生会选择D，针对这道题相同出题思路的题目我们列举一下所有和“绘画”方面相关的一些词汇题，以期发现规律：（1）OG-P525-9题:The belief that it is harmful to the Black community for authors to explore the humanity of our leaders can have troubling effects……If our paintings of that life are stock and cramped,their colors draband predictable,the representations of our culture are likely to be untrue.Questions:“paintings”are best understood as a reference toA.Realistic sculpturesB.Historical biographiesC.Whimsical novelsD.Political cartoonsE.Colorful theorems评析：这道题在这里显然用的是“paintings”的比喻义，而且根据文章使用环境只有B是合适的。

SAT阅读真题及答案解析（三）SAT考试真题是很重要的备考资料，那么，很早以前的真题资料还有参考性吗其实大家可以先以最近真题为主，以前的真题资料为辅进行练习。

下面文都国际小编为大家整理了一篇SAT阅读真题及答案解析，供大家参考。

In this passage adapted from a novel, a Canadian woman recalls her childhood during the 1960s. Originally from China, the family traveled to Irvine, Ontario, Canada, where the parents opened a restaurant, the Dragon Cafe.As a young child I never really thought about my parents' lives in Irvine, how small their world must have seemed, never extending beyond the Dragon Cafe. Every day my parents did the same jobs in the restaurant.I watched the same customers come for meals, for morning coffee, for afternoon soft drinks and French fries. For my parents one day was like the next. They settled into an uneasy and distant relationship with each other. Their love, their tenderness, they gave to me.1. In the opening paragraph, the narrator emphasizes primarily which of the following about her parents 主旨题(A) Their work ethic(B) Their evolving relationship(C) Their routine lives(D) Their resourcefulness(E) Their dependability分析：根据第一段字面意思可选择出答案。

1. The outbreak of disease could not be labeled pandemic since despite its rapid ______ it remained confined to one small region.A. spreadB. concentrationC. fadingD. symptomsE. improvement2. The author's theory about modern design had an enormous impact when first published, but as ______ as it was then, it is now clearly ______.A. scholarly…eruditeB. lackluster…impressiveC. influential…outdatedD. primitive…antiquarianE. pr estigious…masterful3. Texas is known for its wild orchids, whose ______ is evident in their ______ colors: 52 species have been catalogued, ranging from pure white to bright red.A. novelty…traditionalB. diversity…myriadC. stature…uniformD. starkness…v ibrantE. toxicity…varying4. In 1974 the committee overseeing the Pulitzer Prize in Literature was ______ so much ______ that it bestowed no award at all that year.A. plagued but…concordanceB. afforded with…esteemC. exempt from…debateD. racked with…dissensionE. emboldened by…scrutiny5. Pablo Picasso was ______ youth: his extraordinary artistic talent was obvious at a very early age.A. an articulateB. an immatureC. a disturbedD. a precociousE. a callow6. Jared has the habits of ______: he lives simply and donated most of his income to local charities.A. a skepticB. a punditC. a dilettanteD. an insurgentE. an asceticSECTION 9The passage below is followed by questions based on its content. Answer the questions on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage and in any introductory material that may be provided.Questions 7-19 are based on the following passage.This passage, taken from an early nineteenth-century novel, presents two characters—Shirley Keeldar, a young woman of twenty-one who has inherited a fortune and land in Yorkshire, England, and Mr. Sympson, the uncle who was her guardian until she reached adulthood.Miss Keeldar and her uncle had characters that would not harmonize,—that never had harmonized. He was irritable, and she was spirited; he was despotic, Line and she liked freedom; he was worldly, and she, perhaps, 5 romantic.Not without purpose had he come down to Yorkshire: his mission was clear, and he intended to discharge it conscientiously: he anxiously desired to have his niece married; to make for her a suitable match; give her in10 charge to a proper husband, and wash his hands of her for ever.The misfortune was, from infancy upwards, Shirley and he had disagreed on the meaning of the words "suitable" and "proper." She never yet had accepted15 his definition; and it was doubtful whether, in the most important step of her life, she would consent to accept it.The trial soon came.Mr. Wynne announced to Mr. Sympson that his family wished to arrange a marriage between his son, Samuel20 Fawthrop Wynne, and Miss Keeldar."Decidedly suitable! Most proper!" pronounced Mr. Sympson. "A fine unencumbered estate; real substance; good connections. // must be donel"He sent for his niece to the oak-parlor; he shut25 himself up there with her alone; he communicated the offer; he gave his opinion; he claimed her consent.It was withheld."No: I shall not marry Samuel Fawthrop Wynne." "I ask why? I must have a reason. In all respects 30 he is more than worthy of you."She stood on the hearth; she was pale as the white marble slab and cornice behind her; her eyes flashed large, dilated, unsmiling."And / ask in what sense that young man is worthy35of me?"He has twice your money,—twice your common sense;—equal connections,—equal respectability,""Had he my money counted five score times, I would take no vow to love him."40 "Please to state your objections.""He has run a course of despicable, commonplace profligacy. Accept that as the first reason why 1 spurn him.""Miss Keeldar, you shock me!"45 "That conduct alone sinks him in a gulf of immeasur¬able inferiority. His intellect reachesno standard I can esteem:—there is a second stumbling block. His views are narrow; his feelings are blunt; his tastes are coarse; his manners vulgar."50 "The man is a respectable, wealthy man. To refuse him is presumption on your part.""I refuse, point-blank! Cease to annoy me with the subject: I forbid it!""Is it your intention ever to marry, or do you prefer55 celibacy?""I deny your right to claim an answer to that question.""May I ask if you expect some man of title—some ' peer of the realm—to demand your hand?" "I doubt if the peer breathes on whom I would 60 confer it.""Were there insanity in the family, I should believe you mad. Your eccentricity and conceit touch the verge of frenzy.""Perhaps, ere I have finished, you will see me over-65 leap it.""I anticipate no less. Frantic and impracticable girl! Take warning! I dare you to sully our name by a misalliance!""Our name! Am / called Sympson?"70 "God be thanked that you are not! But be on your guard!—I will not be trifled with!" "What, in the. name of common law and common sense, would you, or could you do, if my pleasure led me to a choice you disapprove?"75 "Take care! take care!" (warning her with voice and hand that trembled alike.)"Why? What shadow of power have you over me? Why should I fear you?"'Take care, madam!"80 "Scrupulous care I will take, Mr. Sympson. Before I marry, I am resolved to esteem—to admire—to love.""Preposterous stuff! indecorous! unwomanly!""To love with my whole heart. 1 know I speak85 in an unknown tongue; but 1 feel indifferent whether I am comprehended or not.""And if this love of yours should fall on a beggar?""On a beggar it will never fall. Mendicancy is not estimable."90 "On a low clerk, a play-actor, a play-writer, or—or—"'Take courage, Mr. Sympson! Or what?""Any literary scrub, or shabby, whining artist.""For the scrubby, shabby, whining, I have no taste: 95 for literature and the arts, I have. And there i wonder how your Fawthrop Wynne would suit me? He cannot write a note without orthographical errors; he reads only a sporting paper; he was the booby of Stilbro' grammar school!"100 "Unladylike language! To what will she come?" He lifted hands and eyes toward the heavens. ' "Never to the altar with Sam Wynne.""To what will she come? Why are not the laws more stringent, that I might compel her to hear reason?"105 "Console yourself, uncle. Were Britain a serfdom, and you the czar, you could not compel me to this step. / will write to Mr. Wynne. Give yourself no further trouble on the subject."7. The episode presented in the passage is best described as a(A) setback in an otherwise warm family relationship(B) disappointment experienced by a young and ambitious woman(C) confrontation between people whose differences seem irreconcilable(D) collaboration between two individuals whose goals are similar(E) conversation about the need for unity within an extended family8. In context, the contrasts in lines 3-5 suggest that Miss Keeldar is "perhaps, romantic" in that she(A) seems attractive and mysterious to others(B) is overly concerned with finding a good husband(C) has passionate and unconventional ideas about life(D) prefers to read books and poetry about love(E) is the subject of fancifully exaggerated stories9. The list in lines 8-11 (he anxiously ... ever") suggests that Mr. Sympson is primarily motivated by(A) anticipation of a project on which he and his niece can collaborate(B) eagerness to help his niece realize her ambitious goals(C) apprehension about his family's tarnished reputation(D) frustration with the limited opportunities available to his niece(E) impatience to free himself of a perceived family responsibility10. Mr. Sympson's comments in lines 22-23 ("A fine ... connections") indicate that a marriage is suitable when it(A) meets the emotional needs of both partners(B) promises to benefit the local community(C) has the approval of all family members(D) involves formal ceremonies and celebrations(E) brings social and financial advantages11. Miss Keeldar1 s first objection to Mr. Wynne (lines 41-43) is that he(A) wastes his time in reckless, undignified pursuits(B) expresses no regret for damage caused by his actions(C) fails to treat others with the respect they deserve(D) is dependent on his family for financial support(E) lacks the imagination and sensitivity of an artist12. Miss Keeldar responds to the question posed in lines 54-55 by doing which of the following?(A) Denying the accusation that she is secretly engaged(B) Challenging the idea that she must address the question(C) Correcting the exaggerations implicit in the question(D) Contradicting her earlier claim of complete independence(E) Asserting her right to live without marrying13. The passage as a whole suggests that the implied threat in lines 70-71 ("But be ... with") is(A) implausible, because Miss Keeldar can outwit Mr. Sympson(B) serious, because Miss Keeldar's decisions must be approved by Mr. Sympson(C) misleading, because Mr. Sympson is genuinely concerned about Miss Keeldar's happiness(D) baseless, because Mr. Sympson has no real power over Miss Keeldar(E) absurd, because Miss Keeldar herself is trying to intimidate Mr; Sympson14. In lines 80-82 ("Scrupulous... love"), Miss Keeldar deflects the warning from Mr. Sympson by(A) deliberately misunderstanding his meaning(B) scornfully turning the blame back on him(C) childishly mocking the tone of his comment(D) lamenting his failure to sympathize with her(E) justifying her previously sensible behavior15. Miss Keeldar uses the expression "an unknown tongue" (line 85) to suggest that Mr. Sympson is(A) mistrustful of anything new and unfamiliar(B) ignorant of Wynne's reputation in the community(C) inclined to speak in an obscure manner(D) incapable of understanding her sentiments(E) unwilling to acknowledge their family's mistakes16. Mr. Sympson poses the question in line 100 ("To... come") as a(A) warning about financial losses(B) prediction of a bleak future(C) confession of his own relief(D) plea for an unexpected diversion(E) condemnation of conventional lifestyles17. Miss Keeldar responds to the question in line 100 ("To ... come") as if it were an(A) unreasonable request for an explanation(B) appeal to her sense of fair play(C) inquiry about her future course of action(D) expression-of moral uncertainty(E) attempt to understand her family's history18. Her remarks to Mr. Sympson indicate that Miss Keeldar views love as a(A) natural consequence of prolonged companionship(B) crucial prerequisite for a satisfactory marriage(C) desirable element in an independent woman's daily life(D) fortunate accident that sometimes results from marriage(E) sentimental delusion thai is potentially harmful19. Miss Keeldar and Mr. Sympson would most likely agree on which point?(A) She must seek marriage with an aristocratic man.(B) She should feel honored by the attentions of the Wynne family.(C) She needs to become more mature before she marries.(D) She must not act against her most deeply held beliefs.(E) She should not marry a man who is both poor and undignified.。