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2020届临沂市第四中学高三英语上学期期末考试试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ACitisport inNewportWe at Citisport aim to improve sports training and facilities inNewport, giving you more opportunities to try both new and traditional sports.GolfWe are pleased to be able to offer lessons at Kingsway Golf Centre just outsideNewport. These are run by experienced golf professionals, and are held on an all-weather practice area. The adult lessons are open to anyone aged 13 and over, and are suitable for all levels from beginners upwards. These take place on Wednesdays from 3:00 to 4:00 pm over a period of six weeks. Children’s lessons for 7-12 year old are held from 2:00 to 3:00 pm on Saturdays during term time.TennisThe Citisport tennis courses provide an opportunity for local people to develop their skills on the brand-new indoor tennis court at Newport Leisure Centre. All equipment can be provided, but please feel free to use your own racket (球拍) if you prefer. Our Starter course is held on Mondays from 7:00 to 8:00 pm, and is for beginners of 12 years and over. Our Improver course, which takes place on Tuesdays from 8:00 to 9:00 pm, is for players with some experience.Football for girlsBy popular request, Citisport is holding another one-day girls-only football course. This aims to give local girls the chance to learn essential skills and develop more advanced ones. The course will take place on Saturday, 9th November from 9:00 am to 5:00 pm, and is open to all girls aged 10-14 years living in theNewportarea.GymnasticsThis course is for beginners aged 8-14 and will provide an introduction to basic skills. There is a maximum of six pupils per coach in each class. At the end of the course there is a demonstration for friends and family of all the skills learnt there. The course will take place on Thursdays from 6:00 to 7:00 pm.1. What can we know about the Citisport golf lessons?A. You can take lessons at Kingsway Golf Centre insideNewport.B. The golf lessons can take place only in good weather.C. Teenagers can attend golf lessons on Wednesday afternoons.D. Children’s lessons usually last 2 or 3 hours on Saturday afternoons.2. Which of the following statements is true about the Citisport tennis courses?A. You can get the skills in an open-air court.B. You must take your own racket during the course.C. You can take the Monday course if you are a green hand.D. You can become an experienced player after the courses.3. Which course lasts only one day according to the text?A. Golf.B. Tennis.C. Football for girls.D. Gymnastics.BIn order to develop the pandemic-stricken economy, China recovered the street vendors（商贩）in a new nation-wide method known as “street stall economy'', allowing residents to set up open-air shops on the sidewalks or other available public spaces.Street vendors were once an important part ofChina's economy and urban landscape. However, sinceChina's economy took off in the last decade, street vendors have gradually disappeared from the streets and many of them opened shops of their own.Fast forward to today, street vendors have come into our sight again after cities such asChengduand Yantai succeeded in creating hundreds of thousands of jobs by giving street stalls permission to operate.China's tech industry was quick to jump on the street vendor trend, with tech giants including Alibaba, Tencent, Meituan and flocking todish outcheap loans, offer support and payment solutions to millions of owners of newly established small businesses.Ant Financial, Alibaba's fintech arm, promised its mobile wallet app Alipay will give interest-free loans to 30 million vendors, and 70 billion RMB of interest-free credit line to consumers to make purchases everywhere, including street vendors. provided 50 billion RMB worth of quality goods for street vendors, and provided each one of them with a maximum 100,000 RMB interest-free loan to stock up.Tencent's WeChat announced to offer payment solutions, marketing supports and even training for up to 50 million street vendors, with the end goal of digitally transforming them to increase their income.Guangzhoucity partnered with WeChat this month to hold a live streaming shopping festival to improve salesof local produce. In attempts to promote various live streaming platforms, many tech CEOs also made their own live streamed e-commerce debuts（首次亮相）selling goods coming from all over the country.4. What does the underlined part “dish out" in Paragraph 3 mean?A. turn down.B. provide with.C. pay off.D. apply for.5. Compared with and Tencent, what unique measure did Ant Financial take?A. It provides interest-free loans for vendors.B. It offers interest-free credit line to customers.C. It provides quality goods for street vendors.D. It offers marketing support to businessmen.6. What's the purpose of the cooperation between WeChat andGuangzhoucity?A. To volunteer to train street vendors.B. To give away free goods to the poor.C. To promote to develop the local economy.D. To help CEOs make their own streaming platforms.7. What can be the best title for the text?A. Chengdu and Yantai Succeeded in Creating Job OpportunitiesB. "Street Vendor Economy” Greatly Increases People's IncomeC. The Whole Nation Are Involved in a New Economy ModelD.China's Major Tech Companies Are Helping With "Street Vendor Economy”CEarthquakes are a natural disaster—except when they're man-made. The oil and gas industry has forcefully used the technique known as hydraulic fracturing (水力压裂法) to destroy sub-surface rock and liberate the oil and gas hiding there. But the process results in large amounts of chemical-filled waste water. Horizontal drilling (水平钻孔) for oil can also produce large amount of natural, unwanted salt water. The industry deals with this waste water by pumping it into deep wells.On Monday, the US Geological Survey published for the first time an earthquake disaster map covering both natural and “induced” quakes. The map and a report show that parts of the central United States now face a ground-shaking disaster equal to the famously unstable terrain (不稳定地形) of California.Some 7 million people live in places easily attacked by these man-made quakes, the USGS said The list ofplaces at highest risk of man-made earthquakes includes Oklahoma, Kansas, Texas, Arkansas, Colorado, New Mexico, Ohio and Alabama. Most of these earthquakes are ly small, in the range of magnitude (震级) 3, but some have been more powerful, including a magnitude 5.6 earthquake in 2011 in Oklahoma that was connected to waste water filling.Scientists said they do not know ifthere is an upper limit on the magnitude of man-made earthquakes; this is an area of active research Oklahoma has had prehistoric earthquakes as powerful as magnitude 7.It's not immediately clear whether this new research will change industry practices, or even whether it will surprise anyone in the areas of newly supposed danger. In Oklahoma, for example, the natural rate of earthquakes is only one or two a year, but there have been hundreds since hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling, with the waste water filling, became common in the last ten years.8. What kind of human activities can cause earthquakes?A. The man-made produced waste water in the factories.B. The process of digging deep wells in those poor areas.C. The advanced techniques used to deal with waste water.D. The oil or gas industry's work connected with the earth.9. What does the underlined word “induced” in paragraph 2 mean?A. Man-made.B. Reduced.C. Newly-built.D. Controlled.10. How much magnitude can man-made earthquakes reach?A. It's been said as small as magnitude 3.B. It has been said as high as magnitude 7.C. It's being studied without a final conclusion.D. It has risen by an average of magnitude 5. 6.11. What is the best title for the text?A. Natural Earthquakes in America Are Disappearing NowB. 7 Million Americans at Risk of Man-Made EarthquakesC. Time for Oil and Gas Industry Change Their Working PracticeD. More Often Earthquakes as Powerful as Magnitude 7 in AmericaDThe COVID-19 vaccination（接种疫苗）rate in the US has fallen to newlows in recent weeks, threateningPresident Joe Biden’s goal of having 70 percent of American adults with at least one shot by July 4.With just less than one month from July 4, the current vaccination rate will put the US at somewhere between 67 percent and 68 percent of the adult population with at least one dose（剂量）by Independence Day. To reach 70 percent by July 4, around 1.6 percent of the population needs to get their first dose per week from now until July 4.The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention（CDC）reported last week that 63 percent of adults hadreceived their first dose of a COVID-19 vaccine. That was up slightly from 62 percent from the report a week before. The additional 1 percent of adults completing their first dose is the lowest since the CDC started tracking the vaccination rate in mid-February.On average, fewer than 1 million shots are given out per day, a decline of more than two-thirds from the peak of 3.4 million in April, The Washington Post reported. In South Carolina, about 71,000 residents got a shot in the week leading up to June 3, compared to a high of nearly 300,000 in one week in early April, according to data from the CDC.The slowdown is moreprominentacross the South and Midwest. Twelve states have seen vaccinations fall to 15 daily shots per 10,000 residents. Less than a quarter of black Americans had received their first COVID-19 shot as of June 7.James Hildreth, CEO of Meharry Medical College, told Politico, “We need to make a stronger effort to bring the vaccine to the communities, rather than relying on the communities to come to vaccination centers.”The sharp decline in vaccination began in mid-April when federal officials temporarily stopped the use of the Johnson＆Johnson vaccine while they investigated rare blood-clotting（凝血）reactions.The “low-hanging fruit—thosepeople who ly want to get vaccinated without you telling them anything” have already been vaccinated, which has led to the slowdown, Dr Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, said on a White House-organized call with community leaders last week, according to the Post.12. What can we learn from the text?A. Dr Anthony Fauci is in charge of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.B. In South Carolina, about 300,000 residents got a shot in the week leading up to June 3C. In mid-April federal officials temporarily suspended the Johnson＆Johnson vaccine.D. Less than one fourth of Americans had received their first COVID-19 shot by June 7.13. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “prominent” in Para. 5?A. Meaningful.B. Obvious.C. Inspiring.D. Complex.14. How can America increase the COVID-19 vaccination rate according to James Hildreth?A. By giving the vaccine shot at the communities.B. By offering the vaccine to the public for free.C. By frequently informing the public of the vaccine.D. By urging the communities to come to vaccination centers.15. What can be the best title for the text?A. Biden wishes to have 70% of adults with one shot by July 4B. CDC has been trackingthe vaccination rate since mid-FebruaryC. Some Americans need to get vaccinated without telling them toD. Biden’s July 4th vaccine goal may be missed第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届临沂市第七中学高三英语上学期期末考试试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThe Rechargeable Go!☑The digital sound processing chip(芯片) provides clear sound and makes speech easier to understand with less whistling sound☑Never replace batteries again!Full Charge Gives 16 Hours of Use! (Free Charging Station Included)☑Easy On/ Off Button☑Automatic Noise Reduction and Feedback Canceler☑100% Money Back Guarantee5 Star Reviews☑☑☑☑☑Amazing!"My sisters had all given up hope that our elderly mother would hear us clearly again. And then we took a chance. We're so glad we did. They've been amazing for her, and for our entire family."-Karen M.The new HearClear GO Rechargeable Digital Hearing Aids feature advanced digital technology at an unbelievably affordable price! The GO has the same key elements that all high-end digital hearing aids share while leaving out fancy bells and whistles that increase cost and require expensive adjustments. You'll be happier saving much money!Your lightweight GO hearing aids are amazingly convenient! With the GO'S charging station, you won't have to keep replacing tiny hearing aid batteries, and the GO is pre-programmed for most mild to moderate hearing loss-no costly professional adjustments needed.You can spend thousands on an expensive hearing aid, or you can spend just $ 239 on a hearing aid that's great for most mild to moderate hearing loss (only $ 199 each when you buy a pair). We're so sure you'll be happy with your new hearing aids.1. Which is the feature of the GO?A. It removes noises.B. It has separate on/ off buttons.C. It includes small batteries.D. It focuses on practical functions.2. Why does the author refer to Karen?A. To prove the GO's popularity.B. To explain the GO'S function.C. To convey the family's amazement.D. To show the GO'S high performance.3. How much do you pay for a pair of the GO?A. $ 199.B. $ 239.C. $ 398.D. $ 478.BPigeons inLondonhave a bad reputation. Some people call them flying rats. And many blame them for causing pollution with their droppings. But now the birds are being used to fight another kind of pollution in this city of 8.5 million.“The problem for air pollution is that it’s been largely ignored as an issue for a long time,” says Andrea Lee, who works for the London-based environmental organization Client Earth. “People don’t realize how bad it is, and how it actually affects their health.”London’s poor air quality is linked to nearly 10,000 early deaths a year. Lee says, citing(引用)a report released by the city manager last year. If people were better informed about the pollution they’ re breathing, she says, they could pressure the government to do something about it.Nearby, on a windy hill inLondon’s Regent’s Park, an experiment is underway that could help—the first week of flights by the Pigeon Air Patrol. It all began when Pierre Duquesnoy, the director for DigitasLBi, a marketing firm, won a London Design Festival contest last year to show how a world problem could be solved using Twitter. Duquesnoy, fromFrance, chose the problem of air pollution.“Basically, I realized how important the problem was,” he says. “But also I realized that most of the people around me didn’t know anything about it.” Duquesnoy says he wants to better measure pollution, while at the same time making the results accessible to the public through Twitter.“So”, he wondered, “how could we go across the city quickly collecting as much data as possible?” Drones were his first thought. But it’s illegal to fly them overLondon. “But pigeons can fly aboveLondon, right?” he says. “They live—actually, they are Londoners as well. So, yeah, I thought about using pigeons equipped with mobile apps. And we can use not just street pigeons, but racing pigeons, because they fly pretty quickly and pretty low.”So it might be time for Londoners to have more respect for their pigeons. The birds may just be helping to improve the quality of the city’s air.4. What can we infer aboutLondon’s air quality from Paragraph 2?A. Londoners are very satisfied with it.B. The government is trying to improve it.C Londoners should pay more attention to it.D. The government has done a lot to improve it.5. Duquesnoy attended the London Design Festival to _________.A. entertain Londoners.B. solve a world problem.C. design a product for sale.D. protect animals like pigeons.6. Why did Duquesnoy give up using drones to fly acrossLondon?A. Because they are too expensive.B. Because they fly too quickly.C. Because they are forbidden.D. Because they fly too high.7. Which can be the best title for the text?A. Clean air inLondon.B. London’s dirty secret.C. London’s new pollution fighter.D. Causes of air pollution inLondon.CAccording to Oxford Dictionaries, morality means: “Principles concerning the distinction between right and wrong or good and bad behavior.” Though morality is a rather subjective subject, there are some principles that are universal across all cultures found by an Oxford University study: “help your family, help your group, return favors, be brave, obey superiors, divide resources fairly, and respect others’ property”. The fact that these morals are found across 60 cultures from around the world demonstrates that morality, though subjective, is the cornerstone of keeping our societies together. Here are some reasons to be moral: without morality, a social life is almost impossible to maintain; having a good reputation and having a clear conscience is psychologically healthy; and most philosophies regard unselfish and principled behavior as important.There is no doubt that without morals, a society cannot function effectively. A confused situation would appear, According to the Society of Morality, “We are social animals, and the actions we take-the things we do and the things we don’t do-have consequences on our environments and on the others around us. As a result, we need to be able to govern our behavior in the near term so as not to injure ourselves or our community in the long term. This system of controlling our actions and our thoughts in order to operate in a community is what we oftenrefer to as morality”. Therefore, we need a set of morals in order to operate within a social circle and a social environment. Acting immoral usually results in being excluded from social activities or being avoided by a society based on laws and cultural standards. Besides acting moral having a sociological need, it also has a psychological basis. Most people are concerned to some extent about their reputation. According to PsyPost, “A lot of economic models of human behavior assume that people are only rational (理性的) when they narrowly pursue their own self-interest, but history shows us that people are also tremendously concerned with being and appearing moral”. So, the fear of one’s reputation being damaged is often a strong motivator to be moral. And if someonehas been immoral,most people go out of their way to make sure no one finds out, or to correct the behavior in order to not be caught. This goes in line with conscience as well. People generally feel in a better psychological state if they feel that their conscience is clean. A dirty conscience can result in a lack of sleep, anxiety, internal stress, and even illness.On the side of philosophy, the study of ethics (伦理) comes into play. Most philosophers agree that one should rationally choose a set of standards of behavior in order to function. Though there is moral relativism, there are universal anthropological (人类学的) morals, as mentioned in the introduction. By the nature of our societies and cultures, we choose what we believe is right and wrong. But surprising, this rational behavior comes to a general agreement on morals. So, there is a fine line between moral relativism and moral absolutism. But the main thing to take away from this discussion is that philosophers generally believe that each individual has the right to rationally come up with a set of ethics to live by, and that it is healthy to do so.8. The author discusses morality (paragraph 1) in order to ________.A. explain the relationship between morality and cultureB. describe the moral rules found all around the worldC. contrast the distinction between right and wrongD. introduce the definition, principles and reasons of morality9. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.A. acting moral allows us to fit into group betterB. morality brings the system of controlling behaviorC. contrast the distinction between right and wrongD. introduce the definition, principles and reasons of morality10. Which of the following is the psychological basis for acting moral?A pursuit of self-interest. B. a clean conscience.C. The concern about reputation.D. a dirty conscience.11. What does the author advise us to do according to the last paragraph?A. To reach a general agreement on morals based on ethics.B. to carve one’s own sense of ethics to operate in this world.C. To choose between moral relativism and moral absolutism.D. To exclude philosophers’ beliefs and solution as well.DThe relationship between humans and the Amazon Rainforest has not always been a harmonious one. However, recent research suggests that the native peoples ofthe Putumayo region helped to protect the rainforest, leaving it unchanged for 5,000 years. Perhaps humans’ coexisting with nature is possible after all.The study, published in PNAS, looked at soil samples in the Putumayo region of the Amazon in Peru to find how humans influenced the land. The researchers found that the trees still growing in the region today have been growing there for the last 5,000 years — evidence that the area has not been home to cities and farmland in that time. Traces of charcoal(木炭) found in the, soil, however, indicate that people did live there; they just did so in a way that had minimum influence on their environment.To come to these conclusions the team dug a 0.6-0.9 meter deep column into the ground, taking samples of soilfrom different heights along the column. Back in the lab, samples were carbon- dated to determine their age and then sorted under a microscope to look for microscopic mineral particles, known as phytoliths (植硅体). Phytoliths are essential evidence of plants— they remained in the soil thousands of years after the plant died. So researchers can use them to tell which plants have grown in an area in the past.Over 5,000 years’ worth of samples, no species loss was detected. These findings suggest that contrary to common belief, the Amazon is not untouched by humans, but rather has been protected by them for thousands of years. The management of the rainforest by native peoples appears to have been vital in preserving its biodiversity and will continue to be important in the fight to prevent it from acollapse.As Nigel Pitman, a co-author on the paper, said: “Since this particular forest is still being protected by native peoples, I hope this study reminds us all how important it is to support their work.”12. How did native peoples deal with the rainforest in the region of Putumayo?A. They always destroyed the rainforest.B. They had a side effect on the rainforest.C. They never lived in the area of the forest.D. They had been in harmony with the forest.13. What did the researchers try to find in the Amazon forest in Peru?A. The diversity of the plants in the rainforest.B. The evidence of human influence on the forest.C. The nutrition of the soil samples in the rainforest.D. The survival age of growing trees in the rainforest.14. What does the underlined word “collapse” mean in Paragraph 4?A. Sudden decrease.B. Bad management.C. Poor preservation.D. Over development.15. What can be inferred from Nigel Pitman's words?A. Native peoples should protectthe rainforest.B. We should help protect the Amazon Rainforest.C. More science research should be done on rainforest.D We should make good use of the Amazon Rainforest.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
高三期末检测英语试题注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
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第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
AIs it possible to build muscle and meanwhile lose fat?Please allow us to bring the following two facts to your attention first.Fact 1：Losing fat requires a caloric deficit(亏损)，which means consuming less calories than your body needs so that stored body fat is used for energy instead.Fact 2：Building muscle requires a caloric surplus(盈余)，which means consuming more calories than your body needs so that new muscle tissue can be created.And it’s this realization that leads those of us who want to build figure and l ose fat ideally at the exact same time to wonder just how we’re supposed to make it happen?The 4-week Online Workout Course professionally designed by Super Fitness will perfectly resolve the conflict，making it possible for you to both build muscle and lose fat.Targeted groups：●Male and female willing to be athletic.You’re promised to：●Simply follow us along and keep your ears open to the tips and suggestions we keep giving while working out. The videos are follow-along. We’11 also immediately reply to any doubts or questions.●Be able to lose two pounds of fat per week and get super fit.●Save a lot of time by taking on-line course. No gym means no traffic!●Save a ton of money with 25％off at the Year End Promotion.You’re only required to：●Eagerness for a perfect figure.●Willingness to tolerate some discomfort.Contact Super Fitness by clicking here!1. What’s the purpose of mentioning the conflict of building muscle and losing fat?A. To bring out the course.B. To clear confusion.C. To stress importance.D. To warn the danger.2. How many pounds of fat in all does the course promise to lose?A. 2.B. 4.C. 6.D. 8.3. Where is the text 1ikely to be taken from?A. A newspaper.B. A website.C. A fitness book.D. A biology magazine.【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B【解析】本文是一篇广告。
2020年临沂市第四中学高三英语期末考试试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWe are proud to present a showcase for kid inventions from children chosen from the Kid's Forum at Blue Print Earth. We hope you enjoy the ideas expressed here and join us in supporting the next generation.Eater of Natural DisastersMy invention cansave your home by sucking up all-natural disasters. The government will not own this machine, but by you so there will be no taxes on it. Order Now! The Eater of Natural Disasters will run on renewable batteries. It will cost 50 dollars to make and I will sell it for just $ 75.Created by Matthew Szekeresh —Mt.WashingtonElementary, 5th Grade.Pick-up-Pollution BombMy invention is called the Pick-up-Pollution Bomb. It will just pick up pollution and it won't hurt anything else like people, animals, property, playgrounds, and parks. The reason why I made it is that I think there is too much pollution on the Earth. It sells for $100 apiece, and if you buy this now, I will send you another one for free.Created gratefully by Lauren Newberry — Mt. Washington Elementary, 5th GradeFlying HouseMy invention is a home that will blast off in space. For example, if there were an earthquake people would immediately blast off, or if there were a flood it would take off. Only for $ 400.99.Created by David Turner —Mt.WashingtonElementary, 5th GradeBug RobotMy invention is a robot that catches little bugs, eats little bugs, sucks up pollution, sucks up natural disasters, and turns them into food solving the problems of too many little bugs, natural disasters, pollution and starvation. My product is worth $500. My invention works on 2 triple — A batteries. And if you order one today I'll throw in 4 rechargeable triple-A batteries.Created by Cassie Courtey —Mt.WashingtonElementary, 5th Grade1. Why is the Flying House created?A. To explore the space.B. To clean the air.C. To prepare people for earthquakes.D. To help people escape from natural disasters.2. Which invention can turn pollution into food?A. The Bug Robot.B. The Pick-up-Pollution Bomb.C. The Flying House.D. The Eater of Natural Disasters.3. What can we infer about the four inventions?A. They are very easy to build.B. They are ideas from kids in the same school.C. They are expensive but of practical use.D. They are being used by people.BA new study has discovered that meditation (冥想) and oxygen sport together reduce depression. The Rutgers University study found that this mind and body combination, done twice a week for only two months,reduced the symptoms for a group of students by 40 percent.“We are excited by the findings because we saw such a meaningful improvement in both clinically depressed and non-depressed students,” said lead author Dr. Brandon Alderman. “It is the first time that both of these two behavioral ways have been looked at together for dealing with depression.”Researchers believe the two activities have an interactive effect on combatingdepression. Alderman and Dr. Tracey Shors discovered that a combination of mental and physical training (MAP) enabled students with major depressive disorder not to let problems or negative thoughts defeat them.Rutgers researchers say those who participated in the study began with 30 minutes of focused attention meditation followed by 30 minutes of oxygen sport. They were told that if their thoughts drifted to the past or the future they should refocus on their breathing, enabling those with depression to accept moment-to-moment changes in attention.Shors, who studies the productionof new brain cells in the hippocampus—part of the brain involved in memory and learning—says scientists have shown in animal models that oxygen sport exercise keeps a large number of certain cells alive.The idea for the human intervention (干预) came fromher laboratory studies, she says, with the main goal of helping individuals acquire new skills so that they can learn to recover from stressful life events.By learning to focus their attention and exercise, people who are fighting depression can acquire new learning skills that can help them process information and reduce the overwhelming recollection of memories from the past, Shors says.“We know these treatments can be practiced over a lifetime and that they will be effective in improving mental health.” said Alderman. “The good news is that this intervention can be practiced by anyone at any timeand at no cost.”4. What made the research so different?A. Adopting a way of meaningful talk.B. Combining the two behavioral ways to treat depression.C. Treating depression with special medicine.D. Comparing the depressed with the non-depressed.5. The underlined word “combating” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by ______.A. fightingB. identifyingC. distinguishingD. examining6. What did the participants do in the research?A. They did oxygen sport half an hour before thinking.B. They thought quietly and then took exercise.C. They took exercise longer than they thought.D. They took exercise while thinking quietly.7. What is Shors’ main purpose of her studies?A. To find out certain brain cells of humans.B. To study the production of new brain cells.C. To offer people a new method to treat stress.D. To decide the links between stress and exercise.CIn the summer of 2016, I gave a talk at a small conference in northernVirginia. I began by admitting that I’d never had a social-media account; I then outlined arguments for why other peopleshould consider removing social media from their lives. The event organizers uploaded the video of my talk to YouTube. Then it was shared repeatedly on Facebook and Instagram and, eventually, viewed more than five million times. I was both pleased and annoyed by the fact that my anti-social-media talk had found such a large audience on social media.I think of this event as typical of the love-hate relationships many of us have with Facebook, Instagram, and other social-media platforms. On the one hand, we’ve grown cautious about the so-called attention economy, which, in the name of corporate(公司的) profits, destroys social life gradually and offends privacy. But we also benefit from social media and hesitate to break away from it completely. Not long ago, Imet a partner at a large law firm in Washington, D.C., who told me that she keeps Instagram on her phone because she misses her kidswhen she travels; looking through pictures of them makes her feel better.In recent months, some of the biggest social-media companies, Facebook and Twitter, in particular, have promised various reforms. In March, Mark Zuckerberg announced a plan to move his platform toward private communication protected by end-to-end encryption(端对端加密); later that month, he put forward the establishment of a third-party group to set standards for acceptable content.All of these approaches assume that the reformation of social media will be a complex, lengthy, and gradual process. But not everyone sees it that way. Alongside these official responses, a loose collective of developers that calls itself the IndieWeb has been creating another alternative. They are developing their own social-media platforms, which they say will preserve what’s good about social media while getting rid of what’s bad. They hope to rebuild social media according to principles that are less corporate and more humane(人道的).8. Why did the author feel annoyed when his video was spread online?A. His video caused many arguments.B. His video was shared without his permission.C. His talk was opposed by a large amount of people.D. His video’s popularity on social media is against his talk.9. Why does the author mention the story of his partner in paragraph 2?A. To prove that social media has some benefits.B. To advise people to break away from social media.C. To tell the negative effects social media may produce.D. To describe people’s complicated relationships with social media.10. What is the purpose of the reform made by some social-media companies?A. To attract more users.B. To improve network environment.C. To make more profits.D. To provide more convenientservice.11. What does the IndieWeb intend to do?A. Develop new social-media platforms.B. Remove social media from people’s lives.C. Improve the existing social-media principles.D. Help social-media companies to make reformation.DA PhD student inMichigandefended her paper while wearing a skirt madeof rejection letters she receivedwhile studying. 29-year-old Caitlin Kirby printed out 17 of her rejection letters — from scholarships, academic journals, and conferences — then folded each one into a fan. She connected them in rows, and by the end she designed the item into a skirt and wore it.She said that the idea behind her unique clothing item came out of a desire to normalize rejection and take pride in overcoming it. "The whole process of revisiting those old letters and making that skirt sort of reminded me that you have to apply to a lot of things to succeed," she said. "A natural part of the process is to get rejected along the way."Caitlin's adviser, Julie Libarkin, a professor of earth and environmental science atMichiganStateUniversity, also encourages the acceptance of failure in her students. Libarkin believes it's important for students to get into habit of applying for things, and to get used to the feeling of rejection, so she encourages them to chase after any opportunity that comes their way. If a student doesn't get the grant or the spot in the academic journal, that's okay. They'll still have learned something in the process.As for Caitlin? Her rejections over the years have led to great things: Since her doctorate, she's won a scholarship to do further research on urban agriculture inGermany.Currently, she's a post-doctoral researcher at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. As for what the future holds? "I'm prepared to receive a few more rejection letters along the way," she joked heartily, "Maybe I'll make a longer skirt."12. What can we learn about Caitlin Kirby's rejection letters?A. She received 17 rejections in total.B. 29 of her rejections were from journals.C. The rejections were connected into a fan.D. She made some rejection letters into a skirt.13. What is Julie Libarkin's attitude towards Caitlin's action?A. Favorable.B. Ambiguous.C. Skeptical.D. Opposed.14. Which of the following words can best describe Catlin?A. Creative and considerate.B. Caring and determined.C. Optimistic and humorous.D. Generous and intelligent.15. Which of the following may Caitlin agree with?A. Hard work pays off.B. Education is the entrance to success.C. Self-respect earns more respect.D. One needs to normalize failures.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届临沂市第二中学高三英语期末考试试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWhat to Eat—and What to Skip—When It Comes to Takeout FoodIf the burden on your wallet doesn't bother you much, the effect your takeout habit can have on your waistline just might arouse your attention. Here's the best and worst of the lot for your belly.Steamed Vegetable Dumplings: Order This.When she orders Chinese, registered dietitian nutritionist Elisa Zied gets an order of steamed vegetable dumplings. "I often pair them with either chicken and broccoli in brown sauce（I ask for a little saucemade without sugar）or steamed shrimp dumplings," she tells us.Crab Wontons: Not That!When you deconstruct crab wontons, it's easy to see why they're a "Not That!" The inside is filled with crabmeat and cream cheese（which is just a fancy, spreadable fat）.The wonton is made of refined flour, egg and salt and the crispy（脆的）coating is a result of a deep oil bath.Peking Duck: Order This.Most of the fat from the skin flows out of the duck over the course of cooking, making this a healthier choice than most of the stir-fry dishes available. Order a side of steamed vegetables and serve it with a small scoop of brown rice. Done and done!Sweet and Sour Anything: Not That!Anything with “sweet and sour” in its title is a powerful cue that something has been deep-fried and covered in a sickly-sweet pink sauce. If you pair your selection with a side of rice, you're looking at a 1,000-calorie meal.Summer Roll: Order This.Summer rolls are steamed instead of fried—and typically filled with lean proteins and vegetables, making them a winning appetizer in our book. Pair them with an order of edamame（毛豆）and a broth-based soup for a satisfying, filling meal.Spring Roll: Not That!Spring=deep-fried, which is why we say to skip them! They're filled with fat and calories your belly doesn't need.1.What kind of cooking method should be skipped according to the text?A.Steaming.B.Stir-frying.C.Deep-frying.D.Boiling.2.Which of the following suits as a good starter for a meal?A.Chicken and broccoli.B.Steamed vegetable dumplings.C.Peking duck.D.Summer rolls.3.Where can the text be found?A.In a recipe.B.In a guidebook.C.In a science fiction.D.In a health magazine.BBe it from the mouths of foreigners who have lived here for a few years or from stories on travel websites, one of the most common qualities that people list about Shanghai is the infectious energy that courses through the city.For some, this energy is defined by the way of life—Shanghai is a city that never sleeps. In the day, the streets arc always bustling with people from all over the world. After all, the city has long been China’s most cosmopolitan city, having been the epicenter of trade and cultural exchange between Chinese and foreigners since the city was forced to open its door to the world in 1843 after the First Opium War (1840-42).Shanghai’s ubiquitous delivery people can be found on the roads even past midnight, rushing from point to point on their trusty electric scooters to satiate the hunger of night owls. Even before the break of dawn, pensioners can be found gathering in parks, ready to kick start their day with a tai chi session.For others, this energy is generated from the friction between the contrasts the city has. Indeed, it does not take long for one to realize that Shanghai's charmlies in it being a binary of old and new.Here, charming neoclassical architecture and art deco structures stand alongside modem buildings with shimmering glass and metal facades, rustic (质朴的)lane houses and shikumen buildings. Humble mom-and-pop shops that look stuck in time can often be found right next tohipdining venues or industrial-chic fashion stores selling designer apparel.One of the best places to get an overview of these surreal contrasts is none other than the tallest building in the city — the Shanghai Tower in Lujiazui. Measuring a dizzying 632 meters in height, this architectural marvel boasts having the world's highest observation deck within a building or structure. It also comes with the world's fastest elevators which would get you from the bottom to the top at 20.5 meters per second.On the other side of the Huangpu River is where you would find the Bund, which is home to magnificent neoclassical buildings. The Bund is to Shanghai what Times Square is to New York or what the Champs-61ysees is to Paris. A trip to Shanghai would not be complete without exploring this iconic waterfront promenade.Autumn is the best time to experience Shanghai on foot, not merely because the weather is conducive for walking, but because this is when the roads and sidewalks in many areas are blanketed with a layer of color1 ful fallen leaves.4. Why is the example of delivery man mentioned?A. To make a contrast with pensioners’ biological clock.B. To illustrate the vibrant energy of modern Shanghai.C. To highlight the diligence and consideration of delivery man.D. To feature the courier delivery service in full swing.5. Which of the following is TRUE about the contrast of Shanghai?A. The contrast mainly arises from the First Opium War.B. The design of the Shanghai Tower stands for a contrast.C. A marked contrast is shown in the use of building materials.D. The dishes served in mom-and-pop shops represent the outdated flavor.6. The underlined word “hip” in paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to________.A. photographicB. modestC. peculiarD. stylish7. Which of the following will be most probably discussed following the last paragraph?A. Stunning views of the Shanghai skyline.B. The best places to view the seasonal spectacle.C. The walking path thathugs the Huangpu River.D. Must-try dishes and food items typical of Shanghai.CIn order to develop the pandemic-stricken economy, China recovered the street vendors（商贩）in a new nation-wide method known as “street stall economy'', allowing residents to set up open-air shops on the sidewalks or other available public spaces.Street vendors were once an important part ofChina's economy and urban landscape. However, sinceChina's economy took off in the last decade, street vendors have gradually disappeared from the streets and many of them opened shops of their own.Fast forward to today, street vendors have come into our sight again after cities such asChengduand Yantai succeeded in creating hundreds of thousands of jobs by giving street stalls permission to operate.China's tech industry was quick to jump on the street vendor trend, with tech giants including Alibaba, Tencent, Meituan and flocking todish outcheap loans, offer support and payment solutions to millions of owners of newly established small businesses.Ant Financial, Alibaba's fintech arm, promised its mobile wallet app Alipay will give interest-free loans to 30 million vendors, and 70 billion RMB of interest-free credit line to consumers to make purchases everywhere, including street vendors. provided 50 billion RMB worth of quality goods for street vendors, and provided each one of them with a maximum 100,000 RMB interest-free loan to stock up.Tencent's WeChat announced to offer payment solutions, marketing supports and even training for up to 50 million street vendors, with the end goal of digitally transforming them to increase their income.Guangzhoucity partnered with WeChat this month to hold a live streaming shopping festival to improve sales of local produce. In attempts to promote various live streaming platforms, many tech CEOs also made their own live streamed e-commerce debuts（首次亮相）selling goods coming from all over the country.8. What does the underlined part “dish out" in Paragraph 3 mean?A. turn down.B. provide with.C. pay off.D. apply for.9. Compared with and Tencent, what unique measure did Ant Financial take?A. It provides interest-free loans for vendors.B. It offers interest-free credit line to customers.C. It provides quality goods for street vendors.D. It offers marketing support to businessmen.10. What's the purpose of the cooperation between WeChat andGuangzhoucity?A. To volunteer to train street vendors.B. To give away free goods to the poor.C. To promote to develop the local economy.D. To help CEOs make their own streaming platforms.11. What can be the best title for the text?A. Chengdu and Yantai Succeeded in Creating Job OpportunitiesB. "Street Vendor Economy” Greatly Increases People's IncomeC. The Whole Nation Are Involved in a New Economy ModelD.China's Major Tech Companies Are Helping With "Street Vendor Economy”DResearchers at CU Boulder have developed a wearable device that changes the human body into a biological battery. The device is stretchy(弹性的) enough that you can wear it like a ring, sport band or any other thing that touches your skin. It also taps into a person's natural heat-employing thermoelectric generators to change the body's internal temperature into electricity. "In the future, we want to be able to power your wearable electronics without having to include a battery," said Jianliang Xiao, an associate professor at CU Boulder.The concept may sound like something out of The Matrix film series, in which a race of robots have enslaved humansto harvest their precious organic energy. Xiao and his colleagues aren't that ambitious: Their devices can generate about 1 volt (伏特) of energy for every square centimeter of skin space-less volt per area than what most existing batteries provide but stillenough to power electronics like watches or fitness trackers.Scientists have previously experimented with similar wearable devices, but Xiao's is stretchy, can heal itself when damaged and is fully recyclable-making it a cleaner alternative to traditional electronics. "Whenever you use a battery, you're depleting(消耗) that battery and will, eventually, need to replace it," Xiao said. "The nice thing about our device is that you can wear it, and it provides you with constant power."Just pretend that you're out for a jog. As you exercise, your body heats up, and thatheat will radiate out to the cool air around you. Xiao's device captures that flow of energy rather than let it go to waste. "The thermoelectric generators are in close contact with the human body, and they can use the heat that would normally be sent into the environment," Xiao said.12. What does Xiao expect of his device at present?A. It will be used for medical purposes.B. It will be made smaller and wearable.C. It will change natural power into electricity.D. It will supply constant power to wearable devices.13. Why does the author mentionThe Matrixseries in the text?A. To give an explanation.B. To make a comparison.C. To introduce a topic.D. To analyze the cause.14. What does the third paragraph mainly talk about?A. The strengths of Xiao's device.B. The convenience of using a battery.C. The replacement of wearable devices.D. The development of traditional electronics.15. What do we know about Xiao's device from the text?A. It operates with plenty of power.B. It is designed for practical use.C. It benefits people's health in a way.D. It's based on traditional electronics.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年山东省临沂市高三上学期期末考试英语试卷及答案第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
AIs it possible to build muscle and meanwhile lose fat?Please allow us to bring the following two facts to your attention first．Fact1：Losing fat requires a caloric deficit(亏损)，which means consuming less calories than your body needs so that stored body fat is used for energy instead．Fact2：Building muscle requires a caloric surplus(盈余)，which means consuming more calories than your body needs so that new muscle tissue can be created．And it’s this realization that leads those of us who want to build figure and lose fat ideally at the exact same time to wonder just how we’re supposed to make it happen?The4-week Online Workout Course professionally designed by Super Fitness will perfectly resolve the conflict，making it possible for you to both build muscle and lose fat．Targeted groups：●Male and female willing to be athletic．You’re promised to：●Simply follow us along and keep your ears open to the tips and suggestions we keep giving while working out．The videos are follow-along．We’11also immediately reply to any doubts or questions．●Be able to lose two pounds of fat per week and get super fit．●Save a lot of time by taking on-line course．No gym means no traffic!●Save a ton of money with25％off at the Year End Promotion．You’re only required to：●Eagerness for a perfect figure．●Willingness to tolerate some discomfort．Contact Super Fitness by clicking here!1．What’s the purpose of mentioning the conflict of building muscle and losing fat?A．To bring out the course．B．To clear confusion．C．To stress importance．D．To warn the danger．2．How many pounds of fat in all does the course promise to lose?A．2．B．4．C．6．D．8．3．Where is the text1ikely to be taken from?A．A newspaper．B．A website．C．A fitness book．D．A biology magazine．BYesterday，I drove my23-year-old daughter to the nearby counseling center，to attempt once again to complete the treatment．I did my best to encourage and give her inspiring support as she was feeling anxious ofthe whole process．While we were waiting，just minutes before the center opened their door，a young girl the same age as my daughter，came in．She had a beautiful smile I remember，and spoke of her desire to make a difference for others like my daughter from a11she learned through her past drug abuse．I felt that she was sincere in her desire．It had been two weeks since her stopping the use of drugs．My daughter was standing next to me and focused on doing her best to stay calm on the outside，while inside she was feeling quite anxious，so she barely noticed what this girl was saying．Yet，she did manage to open up and talk with her a bit about the noisy ceiling fan in the hall where we were waiting．Next Friday，it will be a new opportunity for my daughter to try once again，as well as the possibility of being there for this young girl，too．I continue the example ot sell-love for my daughter，strengthening this skill，while encouraging my daughter’s positive changes．I noticed yesterday，my daughter called her friends，“I am a strong woman!”This made me smile，as a sudden gift to me from when I had been speaking to her enthusiastically about how we are strong women，trying our best，and we overcome and win through our life challenges．Let her know I believe in her．While she was focused on the physical，in that moment，I think she was likely feeling strength in all ways，too．I hope so．4．What was the problem with the author’s daughter?A．She was seriously i11．B．She lost bravery to face life．C．She had to receive an operation．D．She was suffering from drugs．5．What did the author’s daughter talk about with the young girl?A．The room facility．B．The anxiety of treatment．C．The crowded waiting hall．D．The noisy patients around．6．What do we know about the author’s daughter from the last paragraph?A．She made friends with the girl．B．She was cured completely．C．She regained confidence．D．She respected her mother．7．What may be the best title for the text?A．We’re Enough，Waiting For ChallengesB．We’re The World，Winning The FutureC．We’re Strong Women，Trying Our BestD．We’re On The Hard Way，Lacking Self-LoveCAll animals—from humans to birds，worms and crocodiles—sleep，however，not all species sleep alike．Scientists have long puzzled over which aspects are truly fundamental．Now a new study on lizards(蜥蜴)suggests that sleep states once thought to occur only in mammals and birds have much older evolutionary origins．Scientists had long doubted that birds and mammals are the only vertebrates(脊椎动物)to experience rapid eye movement(REM)，a sleep state in which the body is mostly immobile but the brain is overworking．During REM sleep，the brain produces high-frequency waves of electrical activity and the eyes turn suddenly from time to time．In humans，REM is closely linked to dreaming．REM is a pattern of slow-wave sleep，a state in which brain activity weakens and the waves become more consistent．This slower state is widely thought to be important to memory formation and storage．“But scientists who looked for signs of REM and slow-wave sleep in reptiles(爬行动物)have had ‘confusing’results，”says Gilles Laurent，a neuroscientist at the Max Planck Institute for Brain Research in Frankfurt，Germany．So he and his colleagues had planned to examine how the lizards—a common pet in Germany use visual information to chase treats．Using camera，the team found that the sleeping lizards’eyes twitched during the REM-like stage，just like other animals．They also found a very familiar pattern within the slower phase of the lizards’brain waves．Some scientists believe these waves help transform new information into memories by replaying past events quickly．Although more studies are still needed to determine whether the function of these brain wave patterns is the same across species，the results suggest that these REM and slow-wave sleep patterns could date all the way back to the common ancestor of reptiles，birds，and mammals．8．What does paragraph2mainly talk about?A．The origin of human dream．B．The definition and effect of REM．C．The features and course of memory．D．The advantages and disadvantages of REM．9．Which of the following can best replace the underlined word“twitched”in paragraph3?A．opened wide B．moved quicklyC．stayed closed D．kept still10．How does the lizards’brain waves turn information into memories according to some scienfists?A．By increasing their frequency slowly．B．By changing their pattern occasionally．C．By playing back the past events quickly．D．By connecting visual information effectively．11．What can we infer from the1ast paragraph?A．The function of the brain wave is the same．B．All the animals have the common ancestor．C．The sleep pattern of all the animals is the same．D．The study about sleep pattern has a long way to go．DA good way to look at failure straight in the face is by writing a failure resume(简历)or CV．Like social media，there，we usually only see our friends’“highlight part”．When we look at others’resumes，we get scared and think how ours doesn’t measure up．But even the most accomplished people have plenty of failure behind them —we just don’t see it．Stefan felt this deeply as a scientist，so she wrote a different CV which of course boasted(夸耀)about her good grades，PhD，and published papers．But the way she deals with her failure CV is a model of what we could a11do．“My CV does not reflect my great academic efforts—it does not mention the exams I failed，my unsuccessful PhD or scholarship applications，or the papers never accepted for publication．During the interviews，I talk about the one project that worked，not about the many that failed，”writes Stefan in a column for ．Stefan suggests keeping a draft on which you log，casually but regularly，every unsuccessful application，refused grant proposal and rejected paper．And that’s the point：not to consider what we got wrong，but to use that information to both look at failure and realize it’s really okay，and also to use our failures for another purpose：as learning tools．The point is to be real—with ourselves and about how the world works．Being real means taking an honest，critical，but also kind look at what we didn’t get right，and then doing our best to change what we can．Instead of focusing on how that failure makes you feel，take the time to step back and analyze the practical，operational reasons that you failed．So，prctice being okay with failure，and turning your failures into lessons learned．And yes，sometimes we have to learn those lessons more than once，letting go of what you can’t change．And keep moving forward to success．12．What does the underlined word“it”in the first paragraph refer to?A．Plenty of failure．B．A failure resume．C．Highlight part．D．Social media．13．What did Stefan intend to tell us in paragraph3?A．A11her failures in her career．B．Benefits she got from her failures．C．The content of her own resume．D．The difference between her resume and others’．14．What does Stefan advise us to do in our careers?A．Regard failures as part of our life．B．Keep a record of our failures．C．Value our achievements．D．Long for failures．15．Which of the following best describes the author’s opinion?A．No pains，no gains．B．A11roads lead to Rome．C．Where there is a will，there is a way．D．Failure is the mother of success．第二节(共5小题；每小题2．5分，满分12．5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届临沂市第二中学高三英语期末考试试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIf you had the opportunity to live forever, would you take it? Keeping your body alive indefinitely still seems like an impossibility, but some scientists think that digital technology may have the answer: creating a digital copy of your “self” and keeping it “alive” online long after your physical body has ceased to function.In effect, the proposal is to clone a person electronically. Unlike the familiar physical clones — children that have identical features as their parents, but that are completely separate organisms with a separate life — your electronic clone would believe itself to be you. How might this be possible? The first step would be to mapthe brain.How? One plan relies on the development of nanotechnology (纳米技术). Ray Kurzweil — one of the kings of artificial intelligence — predicts that within two or three decades we will have nano transmitters that can be put into the bloodstream. Inthe capillaries (毛细血管) of the brain, they would line up alongside the neurons and detect the details of the cerebral (大脑的) electronic activity. They would be able to send that information to a receiver inside a special helmet, so there would be no need for any wires sticking out of the head.As a further step, Ray Kurzweil also imagines the nano transmitters being able to connect you to a world of virtual reality on the Internet, similar to what was shown in the film “Matrix”. With the nano transmitters in place, by thought alone, you could log on to the Internet and instead of the pictures coming up on your screen, they would play inside your mind. Rather than send your friends e-mails you would agree to meet up on some virtual tropical beach.Some peoplebelieve that they can enjoy life after death. But why wait for that when you could have a shot of nanobots (纳米机器人) and upload your brain onto the Internet and live forever as a virtual surfer?One snag: to exist on the net you will have to have your neural network parked on the computer of a web-hosting company. These companies want real money in real bank accounts every year or they will wipe your bit of the hard disc and sell the space to someone else. With your body six feet underground how will you pay?1. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Nano transmitters can help map the human brain.B. Electronic clones recreate the original human body.C. Electronic clones may put their physical selves into movies.D. Nano transmitters use a helmet to detect the cerebral activities.2. What is the author’s attitude towards electronic clones?A. Optimistic and careful.B. Interested and unconvinced.C. Excited and confused.D. Assured and critical.3. The author asks “how will you pay?” at the end of the article, because ________.A. you can’t pay to exist on the Internet if you are physically deadB. you can’t pay for hard disc space if you don’t have a bank accountC. you can’t pay for a special service if too many people want to use itD.you can’t pay the web-hosting company if you don’t have a neural networkBThe prevalence of melanoma (黑素瘤) has been rapidly rising around the world for nearly a century. While some of the increase may be due to better detection, researchers also believe it’s because we’re spending more time outdoors in the sun, vacationing to warmer climates during the winter and using tanning beds. That rise is concerning, since melanoma is the most dangerous kind of skin cancer.Most of us know to cover up and apply sunscreen on hot, sunny days, but when fall arrives, we tend to drop those habits. Experts warn that’s a mistake. Though there’s less need for sun protection after summer ends, exposure to UV rays still adds up.What precautions you should take to defend against melanoma during the cooler months depends on where you are in the world. That’s because the further away you are from the equator, the more UV rays weaken in the winter. “In southern England or Canada, the daily dose of UVA on a clear summer day is 6.5 times higher than on a clear winter day,” says Professor Brian Diffey of the British Association of Dermatologists. “People in those countries typically receive only about 5% of their annual UV exposure in the winter months.”But no matter where you are, even during colder, lower risk months, it’s a mistake to put your sun-protection habits on ice. “It’s important to wear sun-screen when there is a lot of glare from the snow,” says Victoria Mar, director of the Victorian Melanoma Service at Alfred Hospital in Melbourne, Australia.Finally, you should monitor your moles(痣). “Early detection of melanoma is vital for successful treatment,” says Diffey. If it’s caught before it spreads to other parts of the body, the patient will have 99 % of chance to survive for five years. If it’s caught late, that can drop to 25%. Warning signs are a mole that’s changing size, shape or colour, or one that’s asymmetrical — sometimes referred to as “ugly duckling” moles. If you have concerns, talkto your doctor.4. What’s the main cause of the rise ofmelanoma?A. The climate change.B. Better detection.C. More exposure to the sun.D. The increase ofskin cancer.5.What’s a mistake according to experts?A. Applying sunscreen in summer.B. Wearing sun-screen when there is snow.C. Using sunscreen during lower risk months.D. Dropping sun-protection habits in winter.6. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. Prevention is better than cure.B. Health is better than wealth.C. A disease known is half cured.D. When the sun comes in, the doctor comes out.7. What is the best title of the text?A. Detect Melanoma.B. Beware Winter Rays.C. Monitor Your Moles.D. Spend Less Time Outdoors.CTOKYO—Japanese Prime Minister Yoshihide Suga told the media on Monday if any places hosting events of the Tokyo Olympics and Paralympics declare a state of emergency due to the COVID-19 epidemic during the games, the events will continue to beheld but without spectators (观众). With one month to go before the games are due to begin on July 23, Suga is again showing his administration’s determination to hold the Olympic Games as planned, despite so much pressure from various parties urging it tocancel the event.Although the Japanese government regards the Tokyo Olympics as an important opportunity to improve its soft power, the Japanese people’s enthusiasm for the Games has been continuously dented (挫伤) since they were postponed last year. The resurgence (再猖獗) of the novel coronavirus in some places is Japan in recent months has cast a shadow over people’s confidence that the Olympics will not give rise to new clusters (群) of infections, and there are fears that the Games will provide new channels for the virus’ global transmission.Some torchbearers from Japan have withdrawn from the Olympic torch relay in the country. And the latest survey indicates only 34 percent of Japanese people support holding the games as scheduled. Predictably, theSuga administration will do all it can to try to ensure the games go ahead. But it remains to be seen whether it can stand the tests of the uncertainties related to epidemic prevention and control that might happen during the Games.Since it has not yet got the virus under control at home, the people have reasons to question is ability to deal with the prevention and control work when large numbers of participants will be flocking to Japan from around the world in a short time. It is to be hoped that Japan can draw lessons from the organization of epidemic prevention and control work during the ongoing UEFA European Championship, carry out strict epidemic prevention and control measures, and be prepared for emergencies to guarantee the safety and success of the Olympics at this special time.It should be a common wish of the whole world that the Tokyo Olympics can become a stage showing unity and resolve of human beings in their fight against the virus. That willendowthe games with special meaning beyond sports.8. What is the second paragraph mainly about?A. The virus’ global transmission.B. People’ worry about the infections.C. The resurgence of the novel coronavirus.D. The benefit of holding the Tokyo Olympics.9. How do about one third of Japanese people like holding the games as planned?A. Uncertain.B. Negative.C. Approving.D. Indifferent.10. Which of the following words can replace the underlined word “endow” in the last paragraph?A. Compare.B. Equip.C. Provide.D. Charge.11. What can be the best title for the news report?A. Japan can ensure Olympics go aheadB. Olympics big test for Japanese governmentC. Japanese people’s enthusiasm for the GamesD. Japan to carry out strict epidemic prevention during the GamesDResearchers at CU Boulder have developed a wearable device that changes the human body into a biological battery. The device is stretchy(弹性的) enough that you can wear it like a ring, sport band or any other thing that touches your skin. It also taps into a person's natural heat-employing thermoelectric generators to change thebody's internal temperature into electricity. "In the future, we want to be able to power your wearable electronics without having to include a battery," said Jianliang Xiao, an associate professor at CU Boulder.The concept may sound like something out of The Matrix film series, in which a race of robots have enslaved humansto harvest their precious organic energy. Xiao and his colleagues aren't that ambitious: Their devices can generate about 1 volt (伏特) of energy for every square centimeter of skin space-less volt per area than what most existing batteries provide but stillenough to power electronics like watches or fitness trackers.Scientists have previously experimented with similar wearable devices, but Xiao's is stretchy, can heal itself when damaged and is fully recyclable-making it a cleaner alternative to traditional electronics. "Whenever you use a battery, you're depleting(消耗) that battery and will, eventually, need to replace it," Xiao said. "The nice thing about our device is that you can wear it, and it provides you with constant power."Just pretend that you're out for a jog. As you exercise, your body heats up, and thatheat will radiate out to the cool air around you. Xiao's device captures that flow of energy rather than let it go to waste. "The thermoelectric generators are in close contact with the human body, and they can use the heat that would normally be sent into the environment," Xiao said.12. What does Xiao expect of his device at present?A. It will be used for medical purposes.B. It will be made smaller and wearable.C. It will change natural power into electricity.D. It will supply constant power to wearable devices.13. Why does the author mentionThe Matrixseries in the text?A. To give an explanation.B. To make a comparison.C. To introduce a topic.D. To analyze the cause.14. What does the third paragraph mainly talk about?A. The strengths of Xiao's device.B. The convenience of using a battery.C. The replacement of wearable devices.D. The development of traditional electronics.15. What do we know about Xiao's device from the text?A. It operates with plenty of power.B. It is designed for practical use.C. It benefits people's health in a way.D. It's based on traditional electronics.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
高三期末检测英语注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。
写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
AIs it possible to build muscle and meanwhile lose fat?Please allow us to bring the following two facts to your attention first．Fact 1：Losing fat requires a caloric deficit(亏损)，which means consuming less calories than your body needs so that stored body fat is used for energy instead．Fact 2：Building muscle requires a caloric surplus(盈余)，which means consuming more calories than your body needs so that new muscle tissue can be created．And it’s this realization that leads those of us who want to build figure and lose fat ideally at the exact same time to wonder just how we’re supposed to make it happen?The 4-week Online Workout Course professionally designed by Super Fitness will perfectly resolve the conflict，making it possible for you to both build muscle and lose fat．Targeted groups：●Male and female willing to be athletic．You’re promised to：●Simply follow us along and keep your ears open to the tips and suggestions we keep giving while working out．The videos are follow-along．We’11 also immediately reply to any doubts or questions．●Be able to lose two pounds of fat per week and get super fit．●Save a lot of time by taking on-line course．No gym means no traffic!●Save a ton of money with 25％off at the Year End Promotion．You’re only required to：●Eagerness for a perfect figure．●Willingness to tolerate some discomfort．Contact Super Fitness by clicking here!1．What’s the purpose of mentioning the conflict of building muscle and losing fat?A．To bring out the course．B．To clear confusion．C．To stress importance．D．To warn the danger．2．How many pounds of fat in all does the course promise to lose? A．2．B．4．C．6．D．8．3．Where is the text 1ikely to be taken from?A．A newspaper．B．A website．C．A fitness book．D．A biology magazine．BYesterday，I drove my 23-year-old daughter to the nearby counseling center，to attempt once again to complete the treatment．I did my best to encourage and give her inspiring support as she was feeling anxious of the whole process．While we were waiting，just minutes before the center opened their door，a young girl the same age as my daughter，came in．She had a beautiful smile I remember，and spoke of her desire to make a difference for others like my daughter from a11 she learned through her past drug abuse．I felt that she was sincere in her desire．It had been two weeks since her stopping the use of drugs．My daughter was standing next to me and focused on doing her best to stay calm on the outside，while inside she was feeling quite anxious，so she barely noticed what this girl was saying．Yet，she did manage to open up and talk with her a bit about the noisy ceiling fan in the hall where we were waiting．Next Friday，it will be a new opportunity for my daughter to try once again，as well as the possibility of being there for this young girl，too．I continue the example ot sell-love for my daughter，strengthening this skill，while encouraging my daughter’s positive changes．I noticed yesterday，my daughter called her friends，“I am a strong woman!”This made me smile，as a sudden gift to me from when I had been speaking to her enthusiastically about how we are strong women，trying our best，and we overcome and win through our life challenges．Let her know I believe in her．While she was focused on the physical，in that moment，I think she was likely feeling strength in all ways，too．I hope so．4．What was the problem with the author’s daughter?A．She was seriously i11．B．She lost bravery to face life．C．She had to receive an operation．D．She was suffering from drugs．5．What did the author’s daughter talk about with the young girl?A．The room facility．B．The anxiety of treatment．C．The crowded waiting hall．D．The noisy patients around．6．What do we know about the author’s daughter from the last paragraph?A．She made friends with the girl．B．She was cured completely．C．She regained confidence．D．She respected her mother．7．What may be the best title for the text?A．We’re Enough，Waiting For ChallengesB．We’re The World，Winning The FutureC．We’re Strong Women，Trying Our BestD．We’re On The Hard Way，Lacking Self-LoveCAll animals—from humans to birds，worms and crocodiles—sleep，however，not all species sleep alike．Scientists have long puzzled over which aspects are truly fundamental．Now a new study on lizards(蜥蜴)suggests that sleep states once thought to occur only in mammals and birds have much older evolutionary origins．Scientists had long doubted that birds and mammals are the only vertebrates(脊椎动物)to experience rapid eye movement(REM)，a sleep state in which the body is mostly immobile but the brain is overworking．During REM sleep，the brain produces high-frequency waves of electrical activity and the eyes turn suddenly from time to time．In humans，REM is closely linked to dreaming．REM is a pattern of slow-wave sleep，a state in which brain activity weakens and the waves become more consistent．This slower state is widely thought to be important to memory formation and storage．“But scientists who looked for signs of REM and slow-wave sleep in reptiles(爬行动物) have had‘confusing’results，”says Gilles Laurent，a neuroscientist at the Max Planck Institute for Brain Research in Frankfurt，Germany．So he and his colleagues had planned to examine how the lizards—a common pet in Germany use visual information to chase treats．Using camera，the team found that the sleeping lizards’eyes twitched during the REM-like stage，just like other animals．They also found a very familiar pattern within the slower phase of the lizards’brain waves．Some scientists believe these waves help transform new information into memories by replaying past events quickly．Although more studies are still needed to determine whether the function of these brain wave patterns is the same across species，the results suggest that these REM and slow-wavesleep patterns could date all the way back to the common ancestor of reptiles，birds，and mammals．8．What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?A．The origin of human dream．B．The definition and effect of REM．C．The features and course of memory．D．The advantages and disadvantages of REM．9．Which of the following can best replace the underlined word“twitched”in paragraph 3 ? A．opened wide B．moved quicklyC．stayed closed D．kept still10．How does the lizards’brain waves turn information into memories according to some scienfists?A．By increasing their frequency slowly．B．By changing their pattern occasionally．C．By playing back the past events quickly．D．By connecting visual information effectively．11．What can we infer from the 1ast paragraph?A．The function of the brain wave is the same．B．All the animals have the common ancestor．C．The sleep pattern of all the animals is the same．D．The study about sleep pattern has a long way to go．DA good way to look at failure straight in the face is by writing a failure resume(简历)or CV．Like social media，there，we usually only see our friends’“highlight part”．When we look at others’resumes，we get scared and think how ours doesn’t measure up．But even the most accomplished people have plenty of failure behind them—we just don’t see it．Stefan felt this deeply as a scientist，so she wrote a different CV which of course boasted (夸耀)about her good grades，PhD，and published papers．But the way she deals with her failure CV is a model of what we could a11 do．“My CV does not reflect my great academic efforts—it does not mention the exams I failed，my unsuccessful PhD or scholarship applications，or the papers never accepted for publication．During the interviews，I talk about the one project that worked，not about the many that failed，”writes Stefan in a column for ．Stefan suggests keeping a draft on which you log，casually but regularly，every unsuccessful application，refused grant proposal and rejected paper．And that’s the point：not to consider what we got wrong，but to use that information toboth look at failure and realize it’s really okay，and also to use our failures for another purpose：as learning tools．The point is to be real—with ourselves and about how the world works．Being real means taking an honest，critical，but also kind look at what we didn’t get right，and then doing our best to change what we can．Instead of focusing on how that failure makes you feel，take the time to step back and analyze the practical，operational reasons that you failed．So，prctice being okay with failure，and turning your failures into lessons learned．And yes，sometimes we have to learn those lessons more than once，letting go of what you can’t change．And keep moving forward to success．12．What does the underlined word“it”in the first paragraph refer to?A．Plenty of failure．B．A failure resume．C．Highlight part．D．Social media．13．What did Stefan intend to tell us in paragraph 3?A．A11 her failures in her career．B．Benefits she got from her failures．C．The content of her own resume．D．The difference between her resume and others’．14．What does Stefan advise us to do in our careers?A．Regard failures as part of our life．B．Keep a record of our failures．C．Value our achievements．D．Long for failures．15．Which of the following best describes the author’s opinion?A．No pains，no gains．B．A11 roads lead to Rome．C．Where there is a will，there is a way．D．Failure is the mother of success．第二节(共5小题；每小题2．5分，满分12．5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
山东省临沂市2020届高中英语素养水平监测（期末考试)试题(含解析）本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。
满分150分.考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：1。
答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上.2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。
写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分)第一节（共5小题；每小题1。
5分，满分7。
5分)听下面5段对话.每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题.每段对话仅读一遍。
1。
What does the man want to eat?A. Eggs。
B. Toast。
C。
Pancakes.2. What time is it now?A. 4:00. B。
4:30. C. 4:50。
3。
Where might the speakers be？A. In a theater. B。
In an office。
C. In their house.4。
What are the speakers talking about?A。
How the man got sick.B。
Where the food truck is.C. How the meat should be cooked。
5。
What does the woman dislike about her new neighborhood?A。
The park. B. The restaurants. C。
The neighbors.第二节（共15小题；每小题1。
5分，满分22。
5分）听下面5段对话或独白.每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项.听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
2019-2020学年下学期高一质量检测英语试题本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）。
考试时间120分钟，满分150。
注意事项：1．答第I卷前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考号和科类填写在答题卡和试卷规定的位置上。
2．第I卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the woman drinking?A. Coffee with sugar.B. Coffee with cream.C. Coffee with milk.2. How does Ray feel?A. Disappointed.B. Satisfied.C. Excited.3. What’s the relationship between the speakers?A. Dentist and patient.B. Classmates.C. Teacher and student.4. What is the woman looking for?A. Drinks.B. Vegetables.C. Potato chips.5. Why is Lucy having Friday off from school?A. Because of the school trip.B. Because of the building repairs.C. Because of her father's birthday.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）请听下面5段对话或独白。
