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动词不定式的用法总结

动词不定式的用法总结
动词不定式的用法总结

动词不定式的用法总结

动词不定式在中学英语中应用非常广泛,一方面在句中可起名词、形容词或副词的作用,同时也可在句中作主语、宾语、定语、状语和宾语补足语。接下来为大家提供了以下:动词不定式的用法总结一

动词不定式的形式一般是to +动词原形,但to有时要省去。

而动词不定式在具体运用时用不用to,取决于谓语动词的用法。

现就以下几方面介绍如下。

一、不定式结构

1. 带to的不定式结构

能直接跟带to的不定式结构的动词主要有:want, ask, tell, hope, learn, try, decide, forget, remember, like, love, stop, go, come等。

如:

I want to go to the movies with you.

我想跟你一起去看电影。

Don’t forget to turn off the light before you leave.

在你离开之前别忘了关灯。

注意:动词不定式的否定形式是在不定式前直接加not,即not to do sth.。

如:

Dave told me not to wake up Kate.

大卫告诉我别叫醒凯特。

2. 不带to的不定式结构

以下几种情况使用不带to的动词不定式:

(1)在固定词组had better之后。

注意:had better的否定形式是had better not do sth.。

如:

You had better go home now.

你最好现在回家。

It’s cold outside. You’d better not go out.

外面很冷,你最好不要出去。

(2)在let, make, see, feel, watch, hear等感官或使役动词后,要跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。

如:

I made them give me the money back.

我迫使他们把钱还给我。

I didn’t see you come in.

我没看见你进来。

(3)在引导疑问句的why not之后。

Why not+不带to的不定式是Why don’t you do的省

略,可以用来提出建议或劝告。

如:

Why not study with us?

为什么不和我们一起学呢?

Why not take a holiday?=Why don’t you take a holiday?

为什么不休个假呢?

(4)不定式动词在介词but, except, besides后面时,如这些介词前有实义动词do的各种形式,则后接不带to的不定式,否则带to。

如:

I have no choice but to accept the fact.

除了接受这个事实我别无选择。

What do you like to do besides swim?

除了游泳你还喜欢做什么?

(5)为了避免重复,不定式可省去to。

如:

I’m really puzzled what to think or say.

对于想什么或说什么,我真的很困惑。

二、不定式的时态

不定式常用的时态有一般时、完成时、进行时和完成进行时四种,常用的为前三种。

1. 一般时

动词不定式的一般式表示不定式的动作或状态与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生或在之后发生。

如:

I plan to attend the meeting.

我计划参加这次会议。

2. 完成时

不定式的完成式表示不定式的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。

如:

I am sorry to have kept you waiting.

很抱歉让你久等了。

3. 进行时

不定式的进行式表示不定式的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。

如:

They are said to be working hard.

据说他们工作得很努力。

4. 完成进行时

不定式的完成进行式表示不定式的动作在谓语动词之前已经发生,并且一直进行着。

如:

He is said to have been working in that factory for twelve years.

据说他已在那家工厂工作12年了。

三、动词不定式在句中的作用

1. 作主语

如:To live is to work.

生活就是工作。

To save time is to lengthen life.

节约时间就等于延长了人的生命。

不定式结构作主语时,现代英语倾向于采用it作形式主语,而把不定式结构后置的形式。

如:

It is important for students to study English.

学好英语对学生来说是很重要的。

2. 作定语

(1)不定式作定语,要放在它所修饰的名词或代词的后面。

如:

I have nothing to say on this question.

对这个问题我无可奉告。

(2)如果不定式是不及物动词,后面就应有必要的介词。

如:

Give me a piece of paper to write on. 给我一张纸写字。

(3)有些名词常可用不定式作定语。

如:

Our teacher had no time to think about rest.

我们老师根本没时间考虑休息一下。

3. 作宾语

I wish to be a college student.

我希望成为一名大学生。

有的及物动词要求跟复合宾语(宾语+宾语补足语)。

如果其中的宾语是不定式短语,则必须将形式宾语it 放在宾语的位置上,而将不定式短语(真正的宾语)放在宾语补足语之前。

如:

I find it useful to learn English well.

我发现学好英语很有用。

4. 作宾语补足语

动词不定式作宾语补足语是动词不定式用法的一个重点,学习时要注意以下三种情况。

(1)作动词ask, like, tell等的宾语补足语时,动词不定式符号to不可以省略。

如:

He asked me to talk about English study.

他请我谈谈英语学习。

(2)作使役动词let, have, make以及感官动词feel, hear, see, watch等的宾语补足语时,动词不定式符号to 要省略。

如:

The teacher made him say the word like this.

老师让他像这样说这个单词。

(3)作动词help的宾语补足语时,动词不定式符号to 可以带,也可以不带。

如:

Could you help me (to) carry the heavy box?

你能帮我搬这个重箱子吗?

5. 作状语

动词不定式及其短语具有副词的特性,可在句中作状语。

(1)作目的状语。

如:

He stopped to have a rest.

他停下来休息。

(2)作结果状语。

如:

He woke up to find everybody gone.

他醒来发现大家都走了。

(3)在某些表示喜、怒、哀、乐等的形容词后作原因状语。

如:

I’m sorry to hear your grandma is ill.

听到你奶奶生病真遗憾。

(4)在带有enough或too的句子里作状语,表程度。

如:

He is old enough to go to school.

他到了上学年龄了。

(5)强调动词不定式所表示的目的时,动词不定式可用in order to或so as to +动词原形,so as to不用于句首。

如:

The bus stopped so as to pick up passengers.

公共汽车停下来以便接乘客。

动词不定式的用法总结二

英语中的动词不定式在考试中是比较常见的。

不定式在句子中可做主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补语。

以下是动词不定时的用法解析。

1)动词不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。

To complete the 30 storied building in one year was quite a difficult task.

To do that implies taking responsibility.

当主语较长,谓语较短时,常用it做形式主语,而将不定式放到谓语的后面。

It is important for modern young people to master at least two foreign languages.

It做形式主语,不定式放在谓语动词之后常用于下列结构中:

a) It is+形容词(easy, important, difficult, foolish, inconvenient, unnecessary, right, wrong...)+( for/of sb.)+不定式

It is essential to reserve a table in advance of Christmas Eve.

It is hard to put my hopessintoswords.

It is not easy to catch fish with your hands only. It is important for us young people to learn English and master it.

b) It is+名词(a pleasure, a pity, a pleasant thing,

one’s du?ty, an honor, a shame, a crime, no easy job...)+不定式

It is a sheer waste of time to read that kind of trash.

It is a pity to have to go without her.

It is a glorious death to die for the people.

c) It takes (sb.) some time (hours, months, days, a lot of time, patience...)+不定式

It takes me three hours to learn English each day. It took them half the night to get home in the snow.

2)动词不定式作表语不定式作表语常表示将来的动作,主语常常是表示意向、打算、计划的词,如wish, idea, task, purpose, duty, job等。

The most important thing for one’s health is to have plenty of exercise.

My chief purpose has been to point out the difficulties of the matter.

The purpose of the organization is to greet all new comers to the city and to provide them with any necessary information.

What I wanted was to get the work done as quickly

as possible.

3)动词不定式作宾语不定式常在下列动词后面作宾语: afford, agree, apply, arrange, ask, attempt, beg, begin, care, choose, claim, consent, demand, decide, desire, determine, expect, fail, hope, hesitate, hate, intend, learn, like, manage, mean, neglect, offer, plan, prepare pretend, promise, refuse, resolve, seek, tend, threaten, want等。

I like to go out for walks in the warm sunshine in spring.

My mother hates to move from place to place, for she feels tired.I decide to work hard and get doctor’s degree.

The room is designed to be my study, but now it has to be used as a bedroom for the children.

She failed to finish the assignment in time, and she was worried about it.

There is a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means( )trouble. (CET-4 1997, 1)

A) making

B) to make

C) to have made

D)shavingsmade

mean后面一般加不定式,所以A和D可以排除。

根据句意,他看起来非常生气,他想找麻烦,不定式的动作还没有实施,应用一般式,因此答案为B。

不定式作宾语还常用在下面结构中;主语+动词+it+形容词+不定式。

We found it impossible to get everything ready in time. I think it important to learn English well in college. 使用这种句型的常见动词有:believe, consider, declare, feel, find, guess, imagine, prove, realize, suppose, think,等。

4)“wh?word+不定式”结构不定式前加一个疑问代词(what, which, who, whom, whose)或疑问副词(where, when, how, why),以及连词whether构成特殊的不定式短语,其作用相当于一个从句,这样的不定式短语常在某些动词后面作宾语。

常见的可以接这种动词不定式短语的动词有:

know, see, decide, tell, ask, consider, discover, explain, findout, forget, guess, hear, imagine, inquire, learn, observe, perceive, remember, think,

understand, wonder等。

I couldn’t decide which book to choose. I can tell youswheresto get this book.They found it hard to decide whether to go swimming next Sunday or to visit Aunt Sally in New Year. “wh?word+不定式”结构除了作宾语外,还可以在句中作主语或者表语。

When to start the program remains undecided. The question is how to put the plansintospractice.

5)动词不定式作状语

a)不定式作状语表示目的。

或用于so as和in order之后,来强调这种目的。

To learn a foreign language well, you must make painstaking efforts.

Mother saved every cent she could spare to pay for my schooling.We must develop science and technology at high speed so as to raise scientific and cultural level of our country.

Insgroupsto get a high mark in Band 4, he did a lot of exercises both in grammar and reading comprehension.

b)动词不定式表示结果,特别是在so...as to, such...as to, only to...以及too...to等结构中的不定式表示结果。

I rushed to the station as fast as I could, only to find the train already gone.

She left her hometown with her beloved man, never to return.No one is too old to learn.

Would you be so kind as to carry the luggage for me?

c)动词不定式常用来修饰形容词,构成下列词组:be able to, be afraid to, be apt to, be bound to, be certain to, be easy to, be eager to, be fit to, be likely to, be ready to, be sure to, be unable to, be unwilling to, be willing to等。

Chinese team is bound to win the World Cup.

It is likely to rain today, for it is very cloudy.

I am willing to help you with your homework, for we are friends.

6)动词不定式作宾语补语不定式常跟在下列动词之后作宾语补语:ask, advise, allow, beg, cause, compel,

command, enable, encourage, expect, feel, force, find, hear, have, inform, invite, let, make, mean, notice, order, permit, persuade, remind, require, request, teach, tell, urge, watch, warn, watch等。

Because of the complexity of the modern equipments, most offices require secretaries to have specified training.

动词不定式的用法总结三

动词不定式在句子中可充当主语、宾语、表语和宾语补足语和状语(包括目的状语,结果状语和原因状语。)

1. 作主语

To dance with you makes me happy.

和你跳舞令我高兴。

It is difficult to drive in the mountains. (=To drive in the mountains is difficult.)

在山里开车很困难。

2. 作宾语

(1)后接不定式作宾语的及物动词多是表示“意愿” “企图”等的动词,如:hope, want, wish, desire, like, decide, try, promise, refuse.

I want to talk with her.

我想和她谈谈。

She has decided to go.

她已决定要走。

(2)在feel, find, think, consider, make等动词后如果是不定式作宾语,而补语是形容词,则通常用it作形式宾语,而把真正的宾语即不定式移至形容词之后。

如:

I find it impossible to forget her.

我发现忘掉她是不可能的。

He thought it necessary to take an umbrella.

他认为带把伞是必要的。

3. 作表语

Her wish is to be a teacher.

他的愿望是成为一名教师。

Your duty is to clean the classroom.

你的任务是打扫教室。

4. 作宾语补足语

He wants me to come earlier.

他想要我来得更早些。

The policeman ordered them to turn around.

警察命令他们转过身。

5. 作目的状语

She opened the window to let some fresh air in.

她打开窗子好让新鲜空气进来。

I went there to see her yesterday.

昨天我去那儿看她了。

6. 作结果状语

He is too tired to go any further.

他太累了,不能再走了。

He is not old enough to join the army.

他年龄太小,不能参军。

7. 作原因状语

不定式跟在表示“喜、怒、哀、乐”的形容词之后,可以表示引起这些情感的原因。

I’m sorry to trouble you.

真抱歉给你带来麻烦。

I’m glad to see you.

见到你真高兴。

高中英语动词不定式用法大全

高中英语动词不定式用法大全(名师总结必考语法知识点,值得下载) 英语动词的非谓语形式为三种:动词不定式、动名词和分词。非谓语动词没有人称和数的变化。 动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式,其结构为“to+动词原形”,其中to 不是介词,而是动词不定式的符号,称为小品词,动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成不定式短语,在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。 一. 作主语例如: To be a doctor is hard. 做医生很难。 To learn English well is not easy. 学好英语不容易。 To say is to believe.眼见为实。 动词不定式(短语)作主语时,为了避免句子的头重脚轻,可以用“it”作形式主语,而把真正的主语--动词不定式(短语)放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示为: It is hard to be a doctor. It is not easy to learn English well. 再如: It’s important to pla nt trees in spring. 如果动词不定式的动作是谁做的,可以在动词不定式前面加一个由介

词for引导的短语,称为不定式的复合结构。例: It’s good for us to read English aloud in the morning. 对我们来说每天早晨大声读英语是很有益的。 It is important for students to use English every day. 对学生来说每天使用英语是很重要的。 二. 作表语:(在形式上,位于系动词后的就是表语。从含义上讲,表语是回答主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的语法成分。) 动词不定式(短语)作表语常用于系词be的后面。例: His work is to drive a car. 他的工作是开车。 My job is to feed animals. 我的工作是饲养动物。 Her ambition is to be a doctor. 她的理想是当医生。 三. 作宾语 动词不定式(短语)可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语,能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有:begin, start, want, forget, remember, show, learn, like, hate, love, ask等。例: I want to tell you a story. 我想给你讲个故事。 They begin to work at eight every morning. 他们每天早晨8点开始工作。 Don’t forget to lock the door.别忘了锁门。 Would you like to go and have a picnic with us tomorrow?明天和我们一

动词不定式用法归纳

动词不定式用法归纳 动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,在句中不能独立作谓语。但动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词特征,在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、表语和状语等多种成分。另外,动词不定式具有动词特点,可以有自己的宾语和状语,组成动词不定式短语。动词不定式的肯定形式是to+do;其否定形式是not to+do。 1.作主语 可以直接作主语。如: To see is to believe. 但在英语中,常用it作形式主语,真正的主语即动词不定式放在后面。如: It's wrong to play tricks on other people. It's our duty to keep our environment clean and tidy.(Lesson 10). 点击规律:动词不定式在句中作主语时,常放在It is +adj.(形容词)+to do sth.或 It is +n.(名词)+to do sth.句型中,it仅作形式主语。 2.作宾语 a.以下动词只能to do 作宾语。 attempt企图 enable能够 neglect忽视 afford负担得起 demand要求 long渴望 arrange 安排 mean意欲,打算 begin开始 expect期望 appear似乎,显得 determine决定 manage设法 cease停止 hate憎恨,厌恶 pretend假装 ask问 need需要 agree同意 desire愿望 love爱 swear宣誓 volunteer志愿 wish希望 bear承受 endeavor努力 offer提供 beg请求 fail不能 plan计划 bother扰乱;烦恼 forget忘记 prefer喜欢,宁愿 care关心,喜欢 happen碰巧 prepare准备 decide决定 learn学习 regret抱歉,遗憾 choose选择 hesitate犹豫 profess表明 claim要求 hope希望 promise承诺,允许 start 开始 undertake承接 want想要 intend想要 refuse拒绝 decide决定 learn学习 contrive设法,图谋 incline有…倾向 propose提议 seek找,寻觅 try试图 b.love,like ,begin,start,hate ,prefer等词后面可以接不定式。 点击规律:上述动词后面除接不定式外,还可以接动名词,意思无很大区别。 提示板:like doing指经常性动作,而like to do指一次性的动作。如: I like swimming,but I don't like to swim now.我喜欢游泳,但我现在不想游。 c.stop,forget,remember,go on ,try等词或短语后面可以接不定式。 点击规律:上述动词后面接不定式和接动名词意思大不相同。 1)stop to do sth.:停止一件事,去做另一件事。 stop doing sth.:停止正在做的事。 例句:When the teacher came in,the students stopped talking;when he came out,the students stopped to talk. 当老师走进来时,学生们停止说话;当老师走出去时,学生们又开始说话。 2)思考:forget,remember,go on,try等词或短语后面接不定式和动名词用法有何区别d.在find/feel+it+adj.+to do sth.句型中,it是形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。如: The man downstairs found it difficult to get to sleep. I feel it easy to recite the text. 点击规律:某些动词或短语后面既可以接动词不定式作宾语,又可接动名词作宾语,二者用法上的区别可以通过造句子加以区分,如上面stop例句。 3.作宾语补足语 a.下面的动词要求不定式做宾补:动词+宾语+动词不定式 ask要求,邀请 get请,得到 prompt促使 allow允许 forbid禁止 prefer喜欢,宁愿 announce

动词不定式用法 经典例句总结知识分享

动词不定式用法经典 例句总结

(语态)动词和参与此动作的主语之间关系的一个术语。当主语是动作的发起者(或之一)时,称为主动语态; 如果动词不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者,不定式一般要用被动语态形式。如: It's a great honour to be invited to Mary's birthday party.(不定式作主语是被动语态to be invited是被邀请)It was impossible for lost time to be made up.(不定式作主语) I wish to be sent to work in the country.(不定式作宾语) Can you tell me which is the car to be repaired?(不定式作定语) He went to the hospital to be examined.(不定式作状语) My work is to clean the room every day.(不定式作表语) 在There be结构中,修饰主语的不定式可用被动,也可用主动。如:There are still many things to take care of (to be taken care of).但有时两种形式表达的意思不同,如:There is nothing to do now.( We have nothing to do now.) There is nothing to be done now.(We can do nothing now.) 形式 1) 现在式:一般现在时表示的动词,有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生,有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。一般为:动词+ to do sth He seems to know this. I hope to see you again. = I hope that I'll see you again.我希望再见到你。 2) 完成式:表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。 I'm sorry to have given you so much trouble. He seems to have caught a cold. 3)进行式:表示动作正在进行,与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。 He seems to be eating something. 4)完成进行式: She is known to have been wreaking on the problem for many years. 一般在表示情绪的动词后加to do也表将来 疑问词 疑问词who,what,which,when,where,whether,how后可接不定式构成不定式短语,在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。如: ①When to leave for London has not been decided yet. (不定式在句子中做主语) ②Mr. Smith didn't know whether to leave or stay there. (不定式在句子中做宾语) ③I asked Professor Xu how to learn English well. (不定式在句子中做直接宾语) ④The question was where to get the medicine needed. (不定式在句子中表语) 以上例句中疑问词+不定式部分,均可转换为相应的从句形式。如:①When we shall leave…③…how I could learn……

动词不定式用法大全

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八年级英语动词不定式用法梳理

八年级英语动词不定式用法梳理 动词不定式是由“不定式符号to+动词原形”构成的一种非 谓语动词结构。有些动词不定式不带to,动词不定式可以作 句子的主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语、状语或单独使用。不定式保留动词的某些特性,可以有自己的宾语、状语等。动词不定式和它后面的宾语、状语等一起构成短语,叫作不定式短语。 一、用作主语 多数情况用it作形式主语,把真正的主语一一动词不定式置于句末,特别是不定式短语较长时。动词不定式作主语,谓 语动词用第三人称单数形式。疑问词+不定式短语作主语可 置于句首,复合不定式结构作主语常置于句末。如: 1.1 t is our duty to try our best to deal With these problems. 2. The head teacher Said it WaS necessary to talk With his mother. 3. HOW to learn EngIiSh well is important. 4. To See iS to believe.(眼见为实;百闻不如一见) 二、用作表语 动词不定式作表语,常说明主语的内容、性质、特征。如: 1. The best Way is to join an EngIiSh club. 2. The first thing is to IiSten to the teacher carefully. 三、用作宾语 1. 可以接带to的

动词不定式作宾语的动词主要有:要求选择 同意(ask, choose, agree)期望决定学习(expect, hope, decide, Iearm,宁可假装知道(prefer, pretend, know),希望想要愿意(wish, want, would like / love)。女口: 1) We decided to talk to SOme StudentS about Why they go there. 2) He PreferS to eat White bread and rice. 3) Id love to ViSit Mexico. 2. 动词decide, know, learn, show, teach, tell...,介词结构on... 可用疑问词带to的不定式短语作宾语,但Why后面的不定 式不带to。女口: 1) Could you PIeaSe tell me Where to Park my car? 2) It gives advice on What to do in lots of different SitUations. 3. 动词feel, find, make, think等后面,可以用it作形式宾语 代替真正的宾语--- 动词不定式,句子结构是…feel / find / make / ... it+adj. / n.+to do...。女口: 4. 感知动词like, love, know等一般不用进行时态。 5. 后接动词不定式或Ving形式作宾语,意思差别较大的动词有forget, remember等。后接不定式作宾语,表动作尚未发 生;后接Ving形式作宾语,表动作已经发生。stop to do停

动词不定式的基本用法

动词不定式的基本用法 一、概述 动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式,它能起名词、形容词和副词的作用,在句子中作主语、宾语、定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。其形式如下:(主动形式) ◆一般式(not)to do 一般现在时表示的动词有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生,有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。 He seems to know this. 我希望再见到你。_____________________________________________________ ◆完成式(not)to have done 完成时:表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。 He seems to have caught a cold. 很抱歉给你带来这么多的麻烦。____________________________________________ ◆进行式(not)to be doing 进行时:表示动作正在进行,与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。 He seems to be eating something. 他假装在学习。_______________________________________________________________ 二、动词不定式的语法功能 (一)作宾语 1) 动词+ 不定式 The driver failed to see the other car in time. 司机没能及时看见另一辆车。 我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案。 ____________________________________________________________________ ★常用的动词有afford, aim, appear, agree, arrange, ask, decide, bother, care, choose, come, dare, demand, desire, determine, expect, hope, fail, happen, help, learn, long(渴望), mean, manage, offer, ought, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, seem, tend, wish… 2)动词+疑问词+ to Please show us how to do that. 请演示给我们如何去做。

动词不定式的用法荟萃

动词不定式的用法荟萃 不定式在句子中可做主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补语。 1)不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。 【例如】 To complete the 30storied building in one year was quite a difficult task. To do that implies taking responsibility. 当主语较长,谓语较短时,常用it做形式主语,而将不定式放到 谓语的后面。 【例如】 It is important for modern young people to master at least two foreign languages. It做形式主语,不定式放在谓语动词之后常用于下列结构中: a) It is+形容词(easy, important, difficult, foolish,

inconvenient, unnecessary, right, wrong...)+( for/of sb.)+ 不定式 【例如】 It is essential to reserve a table in advance of Christmas Eve. hard to put my hopessintoswords. It is not easy to catch fish with your hands only. It is important for us young people to learn English and master it. b) It is+名词(a pleasure, a pity, a pleasant thing, one’s du ty, an honor, a shame, a crime, no easy job...) +不定式 It is a sheer waste of time to read that kind of trash. It is a pity to have to go without her. It is a glorious death to die for the people.

(完整版)省略to的动词不定式用法归纳

省略to的动词不定式用法归纳 一、使役动词与to的省略 当不定式用于let, make, have等使役动词后作宾语补足语,不定式必须省略to。如: Let me have another cup of tea.给我再来一杯茶。 She had him dig away the snow.她让他把雪挖走。 They made him tell them everything.他们强迫他把一切全告诉他们。 但是,当使役动词用于被动语态时,其后的不定式则必须要带to。如: 他被迫一天工作20小时。 误:He was made work twenty hours a day. 正:He was made to work twenty hours a day. 注意,表示使役意义的let和have很少用于被动语态。 另外注意,force, oblige等虽然也表示“使”,但它们后用作宾语补足语的不定式必须带to。如: They forced her to sign the paper.他们强迫她在文件上签字。 The law obliged parents to send their children to school.法律要求父母送子女上学。 考例: 1.The teacher forbade ________ our seats. https://www.doczj.com/doc/a65410381.html, to leave https://www.doczj.com/doc/a65410381.html, leaving C.to leave D.to leaving 2.Mary had her friend ________ the best one. A.choose B.chosen C.chose D.to choose 3.The girl was ma de _________ she didn’t love at all. A.marry a man B.to marry a man C.to marry with a man D.married with a man 二、感觉动词与to的省略 当不定式用于表示感觉的动词feel, hear, notice, observe, see, watch, look at, listen to等作宾语补足语时,不定式必须省略to。如: We all felt the house shake.我们都感觉这房子在震动。 I heard him go down the stairs.我听见他下楼了。 Did you notice her leave the house?她离开屋子你注意到了吗? I watched her get into the car.我看着她上了车。 但是,当feel后用作宾语补足语的不定式为to be时,则不能省略to。如:They all felt the plan to be unwise.他们都认为这个计划不明智。 注意,当这些动词变为被动语态时,不定式前的to不能省略。如: They were heard to break a glass in the next door.听见他们在隔壁打破了一个

动词不定式用法及练习题-L105

动词不定式用法小结 动词不定式用法小结 动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式,其结构为“to+动词原形”,其中to不是介词,而是动词不定式的符号,称为小品词,动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成不定式短语,在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。 一. 作主语例如: To be a doctor is hard. 做医生很难。 To learn English well is not easy.学好英语不容易。 动词不定式(短语)作主语时,为了避免句子的头重脚轻,可以用“it”作形式主语,而把真正的主语--动词不定式(短语)放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示为: It is hard to be a doctor. It is not easy to learn English well. 再如: It’s important to plant trees in spring. 如果动词不定式的动作是谁做的,可以在动词不定式前面加一个由介词for引导的短语,称为不定式的复合结构。例: It’s g ood for us to read English aloud in the morning. 对我们来说每天早晨大声读英语是很有益的。 It is important for students to use English every day. 对学生来说每天使用英语是很重要的。 二. 作表语: 动词不定式(短语)作表语常用于系词be的后面。例: His work is to drive a car.他的工作是开车。 My job is to feed animals.我的工作是饲养动物。 Her ambition is to be a doctor.她的理想是当医生。 三. 作宾语 动词不定式(短语)可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语,能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有:begin,start,

非谓语动词之动词不定式(todo)的用法

非谓语动词之动词不定式(to do)的用法 非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词,主要形式有:不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词)。 “to do”动词不定式的变形 动词不定式的用法 充当主语(一般会用it 当形式主语) To swim here is dangerous. = It is dangerous to swim here. To pass this English exam is unlikely. = 充当表语(多数情况下,可以转换成动词不定式做主语) My job is to help with your English learning. To help with your English learning is my job. 充当宾语(只能做某些动词的宾语,一般不做介词的宾语;有时用“it”做形式宾语) I decided to attend this meeting last night. I find it necessary to learn a foreign language. 注意:当以下动词欲接动词作宾语时,只能跟不定式作宾语。 decide, determine, learn, wish, hope agree, plan, pretend, dare, refuse, fail prepare, try, manage, help, promise offer, beg, demand, afford, arrange, be supposed

充当宾语补足语 I persuaded him to make a speech in public. 注意:在感官动词/使役动词/help后(see, hear, watch, notice, make, have, let后不定式做宾补时,可省略“to”) I saw them have a disagreement on who should sweep the floor. (我看到了他们争论的整个过程) 但,感官动词后面也可接Ving形式,表示正在进行。 I saw them arguing about who should sweep the floor. (我看到他们正在争论谁该扫地,并不一定看到了整个过程) 充当状语(目的,原因,结果状语,其逻辑主语与句子主语一致) I wrote him a letter to further explain this matter. (目的状语) I’m sorry to bother you.(原因状语) He queued for hours at the box office only to find that the show was sold out. (结果状语,only + to find/realize/discover表示出乎意料的结果) 充当定语(不定式作定语,要放在所修饰的词的后面) I have a lot of dishes to wash. Do you have anything to say There are 3 questions to answer. 一些固定句型中不定式省略“to” had better would rather do… than do… why not do “except/but” 有“do” 无“to”,有”to”无“do” have nothing to do but do… do everything but/except have no choice but to want nothing but/except to 当两个或多个作用相同的不定式并列(and/or/than)时,通常只保留第一个不定式的“to”. He told me to stay there and wait for him. It’s easier to persuade people than force them. To try and fail is better than not to try at all. (否定式中“to”不能省略)

(完整版)动词不定式的用法总结

动词不定式的用法总结 动词不定式在中学英语中应用非常广泛,一方面在句中可起名词、形容词或副词的作用,同时也可在句中作主语、宾语、定语、状语和宾语补足语。接下来为大家提供了以下:动词不定式的用法总结一 动词不定式的形式一般是to +动词原形,但to有时要省去。 而动词不定式在具体运用时用不用to,取决于谓语动词的用法。 现就以下几方面介绍如下。 一、不定式结构 1. 带to的不定式结构 能直接跟带to的不定式结构的动词主要有:want, ask, tell, hope, learn, try, decide, forget, remember, like, love, stop, go, come等。 如: I want to go to the movies with you. 我想跟你一起去看电影。 Don’t forget to turn off the light before you leave. 在你离开之前别忘了关灯。 注意:动词不定式的否定形式是在不定式前直接加not,即not to do sth.。

如: Dave told me not to wake up Kate. 大卫告诉我别叫醒凯特。 2. 不带to的不定式结构 以下几种情况使用不带to的动词不定式: (1)在固定词组had better之后。 注意:had better的否定形式是had better not do sth.。 如: You had better go home now. 你最好现在回家。 It’s cold outside. You’d better not go out. 外面很冷,你最好不要出去。 (2)在let, make, see, feel, watch, hear等感官或使役动词后,要跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。 如: I made them give me the money back. 我迫使他们把钱还给我。 I didn’t see you come in. 我没看见你进来。 (3)在引导疑问句的why not之后。 Why not+不带to的不定式是Why don’t you do的省

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