英语六级听力新题型模拟听写训练-第3套短文(1)

英语六级听力短文听写模拟试题英语六级听力短文听写模拟试题You may be too cunning for one,but not for all.以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的英语六级听力短文听写模拟试题，希望能给大家带来帮助!Not getting enough sleep doesn't just make you tired. It also makes you fat because of increased food-eating, according to researchers in America.The researchers 1 a study which included eight men and eight women, and found that participants who lacked sleep for a week 2 almost two pounds.To establish a standard, 3 spent the first three nights sleeping up to nine hours a night, and 4 only as many calories as they burned each day. Their daily amount of food and oxygen, and production of carbon dioxide were 5 .Then participants 6 two groups, with one limited to sleeping five hours a night, while the other continued to be allowed nine hours. After five nights, the groups 7 . During this part of the experiment, participants were allowed to eat as much as they wanted.The researchers found that participants burned about 5 percent more calories when their sleep 8 five hours, but they consumed about 6 percent more calories, 9 when they were allowed nine hours.Although the participants ate less at breakfast when they had five hours of sleep, they ate more over the rest of the day; they 10 consumed an increased number of calories after the dinner and finally gained weight. When they shifted to adequate sleep patterns they lose the pounds.【答案解析】1.carried out。

Section A 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

11. A) The woman will bring some food backfor dinner. B) They will go to their friend's home fordinner. C) The woman will fill the refrigeratorbefore dinner. D) They will eat out for dinner after work. 12. A) Take more rest breaks while at work. B) Quit her job and find a new one. C) Ask for a leave from her boss. D) Talk to her boss directly. 13. A) Things on sale may be worth buying. B) Things on sale are not worth buying. C) Things on sale are out of style andseason. D) Things on sale are carefully lookedover. 14. A) She's looking forward to her weekendtrip. B) She will accept the man's invitation. C) She would prefer to go to the Disneylandalone. D) She thinks the kids will enjoy theDisneyland. 15. A) Because he met a heavy traffic onhis way. B) Because a terrible car accident happenedto him. C) Because he had taken a different road. D) Because the road was closed and he hadto wait. 16. A) Change the T-shirts for smaller ones. B) Sell T-shirts for her son. C) Work as an assistant at the store. D) Make these T-shirts smaller. 17. A) Ask a friend for the name of a hairstylist. B) Get her hair cut in the afternoon. C) Make an appointment with someone else. D) Call another hair salon to cut her curlyhair. 18. A) The woman should eat a biggerbreakfast. B) The woman should try to make time forlunch. C) The woman would be busy the whole week. D) The woman should change her scheduleafter she eats lunch. Conversation One 19. A) They are held twice a year. B) They were first held in 1927. C) They are given for excellence in films. D) They are less desired than the GrammyAwards. 20. A) By an anonymous ballot. B) By an open vote. C) By rigid rules. D) By their personal preference. 21. A) One of the academy members. B) Creator of the Oscar statue. C) An Oscar winner. D) A nominee for the Oscar award. 22. A) She had great interest in thehistory of the Oscars. B) She searched the information from theInternet. C) She took a course in the history offilm. D) She majored in motion pictures. Conversation Two 23. A) Give suggestions for revision. B) Write one for her. C) Point out grammatical errors in it. D) Cut some unnecessary materials. 24. A) Law. B) Music. C) Geology. D) Biology. 25, A) Look through her materials. B) Make preparation for the interview. C) Pay attention to the presentation. D) Add something to make herself stand out. SectionB 注意．此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

大学英语六级考试模拟题写作范文、听力原文及答案Part I Writing (30 minutes)The Social Network CrazeAny Internet conscious person may find an increasing number of people, including numerous college students, are taking social networking as a crucial means of communicating with their friends. They spend much time keeping their social networking profiles updated through electronic devices like mobile phones, desk computer, and other portable PCs.The purpose of using social network varies among individual Internet users. For college students, they are keen on employing social network websites to keep in touch with former classmates, lovers or parents. When it comes to professionals, they tend to browse more career-related information by means of social network. What’s more, it is also an ideal way for others to kill time while surfing on the web.In my point of view, the merits of using social network are easy for one to find on his own. However, we should also keep in mind that it is just a tool for keeping in contact with your friends. Therefore, it is not wise for you to spend too much time on social network; instead you should focus on your routine business. Accordingly, we might as well use the social network in a wise way.Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)1. A2. D3. D4. B5. C6. A7. B8.the small sample sizes9.politically selected10.learn to readPart III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes) Section A11.W: I wasn’t able to attend the lecture on psychology yesterday. I was told it was quiteinformative and helpful.M: Well, no worries, you can make it up. Another similar lecture is arranged for the same time next Saturday.Q: What do we learn from this conversation?12.W: I’d certainly like to give more time to review my English lessons, but I have toallocate enough time for other courses too.M: Well, if you used your time more wisely, you would be able to manage it.Q: What do we learn about the woman?13.M: Hi, where did you buy that newest copy of Reader’s Digest? I want to have it, too.W: I bought it online for $10. Actually I bought two copies, one for myself and one for Linda. I think it’s OK to give you one copy now. I’ll get one for Linda later on.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?14.M: Thank you for your helpful assistance. Otherwise, I’d surely have missed thedeadline of handing in my homework. The figures in my exercises are really confusing.W: It was a pleasure discussing mathematic problems with you. If need be, just call me or text me.Q: Why did the man thank the woman?15.W: I’d like to join in some voluntary work with the protection of homeless pets. I hearit is a wonderful way to work with those poor creatures.M: Sure, it is. But as needed in any work, you have to put in much time. So you must set apart much of your spare time for that activity.Q: What do we learn about the woman from the conversation?16.W: Can you tell me when I can leave here, Professor? I have some importantappointments to be taken care of.M: That depends on how much more time it will take for you to finish your exam paper.You may leave as soon as you’re satisfied with your own answers in your test book.It’s up to you, you know.Q: What will the woman most probably do?17.W: Excuse me, would you tell me where I can change American Dollars into Euros?Dollars won’t work in this country here.M: Well, there is a money exchange just five-minute walk from here, but I’m afraid it’s already past its office time, it’s closing time. Why don’t you try the one nearthe subway station?Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?18.M: May I speak to Dr. Jefferson? I had an appointment with him and he told me to callhim today.W: He’s completely tied up with his business right now. Would you like to try and call around 2 p.m.?Q: What does the woman tell the man to do?11. C 12. D 13. A 14. C 15. B 16. A 17. B 18. ALong Conversation 1W: Oh, hi Dave. Long time no see! What’s up?M: Hi Maria. I was in the neighborhood, so I thought I’d drop by and pay a visit to you.W: Come on in, then. Take a seat. Would you like anything to drink? I have got green tea and orange juice. Which one do you prefer?M: Orange juice would be fine. For me, I’m doing okay, but school has been really a headache to me these days, and I haven’t had time to relax. I major in hotel management, as you know. Uh, so, how have you been?W: Oh, not bad. Well, what do you want to do once you graduate?M: Uh... I haven’t decided for sure, but I think I’d like to work for a hotel or travel agency in this area. How about you?W: Well, when I first started college, I wanted to major in French, but I realized I might have a hard time finding a job using the language, so I changed my major to computer science. With the right skills, landing a job in the computer industry shouldn’t be as difficult. M: So, do you have a part-time job to support yourself through school?W: Well, fortunately for me, I received a four-year academic scholarship, that pays for all of my tuition and books.M: Wow. That’s really great for you.W: Yeah. How about you? Are you working your way through school?M: Yeah. I work as a cook three times a week at a restaurant near campus. W:Great. How do you like your job?M: It’s okay. The other workers are friendly, and the pay isn’t bad.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19.What are the two speakers talking about?20.Why did the girl give up leaning French?21.What does the man do for his part-time job?19. D 20. C 21. BConversation 2W: Can you give me our teacher’s website address?M: It’s listed right in the course guide where they describe the course, but if you can’t find it, I’ll give it to you next time. Or I could email it to you-- what’s your address?W:Thatwouldbegreat,***********************.Here,I’llwriteitdownforyou.Did you pick up your textbook yet?M: No. I’ve been looking for a secondhand copy before I buy a new one. It’s expensive-- forty-five bucks!W: They are, aren’t they? Why do poor college students have to pay so much for their textbooks?M: It’s just economics. Nobody reads them except the students that take the courses. The publishers probably didn’t print more than a few hundred copies of our text, you know.W: Still, they could print them in paperback, couldn’t they? That would save us some money.M: Textbooks are useful. Some students do keep them, though, for reference after they graduate, if they’re working in that field. My dad’s still got his college accounting textbooks.W: I suppose you’re right. Where are you going to find a used copy? At the bookstore?M: They don’t have any there now-- I checked. I put up some notes on the bulletin boards yesterday. Maybe someone there has got one they don’t want to keep anymore.W: Well, uh, if you hear about two of them, will you let me know?M: Sure. If I do, I’ll buy it for you and you can pay me back. How much are you willing to pay?W: Oh, anything under thirty-five dollars will be fine. But if you haven’t found one by next Monday, I’ll have to buy a new one then, so email me Sunday night either way, will you? Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22.How will the woman get the teacher’s website?23.Why do they want to have secondhand textbooks?24.Why can’t they find a used copy of the textbook at the bookstore?25.What would the woman probably do if the man can’t find one for her?22. B 23. C 24. A 25. DSection B Passage OneScientists held that what you ate determined your happiness and soundness. The right meat and drink were therefore seen as being crucial to mental wellbeing.Many scientists remain convinced of such a link between food and mood. Dr Sadaf Farooqi, of the Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, believes research supports the idea that food can influence our moods and emotions.Farooqi adds, “So yes, food does affect mood and in different ways. But, it is just very difficult to pinpoint the mechanisms involved.”These points are backed by Professor Andy Smith, of Cardiff University. “Men and women certainly act as if they expect food to affect their behavior – by consuming foods that have no nutritional value at all, such as alcohol or caffeine, because they know these are going to affect their moods.”Smith also believes foods affect mood though he is equally sure these effects are delicate and hard to isolate. Certainly the relationship between nutrition and emotion is faced with methodological problems. “Often, when we appear to have isolated a food that seems to trigger a change in mood, we find what is really going on is the opposite. Mood is affecting choice of food.”Smith looked at studies which suggested that individuals who sat down for carefully cooked breakfasts tended to have more positive outlooks on the day ahead compared with those who did not have breakfasts. From this, it was argued that a good meal sets you up for the day. The idea does not survive detailed examination, however.“We examined those people who had positive outlooks and found they had them whether or not they had breakfast. They were just that kind of person.”Questions 26 to 29 are based on the conversation you have just heard.26.What does Dr. Sadaf Faroqi think of the link between food and mood?27.According to Professor Andy Smith, why do people choose to drink alcohol?28.What did Professor Andy Smith find about the way foods affect mood?29.How does a carefully prepared breakfast influence one’s spirits?26. C 27. A 28. C 29. BPassage TwoFunny, humorous, and confident messages will enhance the attraction between two young lovers. This requires that a boy be original, think creatively, and write with purpose. As an example, when asking a girl for her phone number, you can text her immediately with a short message that says, “Who is that amazing guy you are talking to?” instead of saying “Hi,” “Thanks,” or “Nice to meet you.” Don’t forget, text messages are often reread. Send something that reminds a girl who you are or how you made them feel.Another creative use of text messaging is to send pictures instead of texts. If you happen to know much about girls’ shoes and clothes, and if you’re looking forward to seeing a girl or want her to know that you’re thinking of her, you’ll take a picture of some great shoes and clothes and send it to her with a message that says, “You would look great in these” or “Thinking of you.” In these cases, the messages should be short, confident, and humorous.But, remember this, style almost always destroys the substance of a text message, since anything “substantial” should be said in person. If the message would better be “said” than “read,” then you probably shouldn’t send it.At the beginning of a relationship, first impressions can certainly be ruined by poorly written texts. Words, when used thoughtfully, can produce powerful emotional responses in people. Next time one sends a text, make sure it’s not just making conversation or replacing what should be a phone call. If a boy can do this, chances are that girls will appreciate it, text back, and look forward to hearing from you.Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30.What is the advantage of text messages?31.When will having a face-to-face talk be better than sending messages?32.Why should one be careful with sending messages when starting a new relationship?30. C 31. A 32. CPassage ThreeEmail is increasingly becoming the primary way many of us communicate with one another. Often, people never meet their colleagues or clients face-to-face or even talk to them on the telephone. The only impression others have of us may be the one they get when they read our email messages. That is why it is so important to take great care in composing those messages. Before you hit the send button, ask yourself these questions.First, what does my email address say about me?If you are using your email account to send professional email make sure your address conveys a professional tone. Don’t use an address that is childish or cute. There is no place for that in work-related emails.Second, are the names and email addresses in the “TO:” field correct?Many email websites fill in the “TO:” field for you when you type in the first few letters of an email address or a recipient’s name. Make sure the right name is there. You want to make sure your message reaches its intended destination, or that it doesn’t reach an unintended one.Third, have I properly addressed the recipient?First names are often okay in business, but not always. If this is your first time communicating with the recipient you should use his title, i.e. Mr., Ms., or Dr., and last name. Look at how the recipient signs his messages before you decide whether you should be on a first name basis with him.And, besides, have I used the appropriate tone?As the saying goes, “It’s not what you say but how you say it.” It’s a lot easier to convey the meaning of your words when you speak than when you write. Make sure your tone is polite and friendly, but gets across your intended meaning.Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33.What should one mind while choosing an email address for use at work?34.When sending a first-time email to your client, how could you address him?35.What’s the right tone of emails in business?33. C 34. B 35. BSection CCompetitive pressures placed on young people in U.S. high schools are damaging many promising lives.Nearly a third of students (36) responding to a 2010 national survey of first-year college students reported they were (37) overwhelmed by the heavy workload in their last year of high school.Deborah Stipek, dean of the Stanford University School of Education, is an expert in what (38) motivates students to learn and says they are stressed. She says: “They are not enjoying what can be the (39) incredible satisfaction of learning and developing understandings and skills. Leaning can be an adventure, but instead of an adventure it’s really about the test. It’s about the college (40) application.”Stipek says educators must begin to rethink homework (41) policies, match students with colleges better suited to their interests and listen to what students say.“One of the things that schools are doing is doing (42) yearly surveys of students to find out what their sources of stress and (43) anxiety are and get their ideas on what the schools can do, what kinds of policies can be supportive of them. And (44) this has been amazing, because we’ve gone into schools where they say this isn’t a problem and then they do a survey of the students and they are shocked by what the students say when they are actually asked.”One teenager says she’s consumed by homework. “(45) I really can’t remember the last time I had a chance to go in the back yard and just run around,” she says.Stipek concludes, “These are students who feel under enormous pressure to perform as opposed to learn.”So, (46) educators and parents must respond by helping students to sharpen their interests, engagement and intellectual skills, and at the same time to reduce their stress.36. responding 37. overwhelmed 38. motivates 39. incredible40. application 41. policies 42. yearly 43. anxiety44.this has been amazing, because we’ve gone into schools where they say this isn’t a problem45.I really can’t remember the last time I had a chance to go in the back yard and just run aroundcators and parents must respond by helping students to sharpen their interests, engagement and intellectual skillsPart IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section A47.the urgency of repairs48.wait a week or so49.take care of it yourself50.the “co-parent”51.your appreciationSection B Passage One52.A 53. C 54. B 55. C 56. DPassage Two57. B 58. C 59. A 60. D 61. APart V Cloze (15 minutes)62. A 63. B 64. C 65. B 66. B67. C 68. C 69. D 70. D 71. B72. B 73. A 74. D 75. C 76. C77. C 78. B 79. A 80. A 81. DPart VI Translation (5 minutes)82.can not measure up to / meet the employer’s expectations83.changed forever the course of my life84.would never fulfill her dream of becoming a pop singer85.There’s nothing worse than86.When it comes to being on time。

2021年6月英语六级(第3套)听力真题复合听写Certain phrases one commonly hears among Americans capture their devotion to individualism:经常能从美国人那儿听到的一些常用语，不难看出他们崇尚个人主义：Do your own thing.“自己的事自己做。

”I did it my way.“我按自己的办法做了这件事。

”You'll have to decide that for yourself.“你得自己拿主意。

”You made your bed, now lie in it.“你这是自作自受。

”If you don't look out for yourself, no one else will.“天助自助者。

”Look out for number one.“要谋求自身的利益。

”Closely associated with the value they place on individualism is the importance Americans assign to privacy.美国人对隐私的重视与他们的个人主义价值观密切相关。

Americans assume that people need some time to themselves美国人认为人们“需要一些留给自己的时间”or some time alone to think about things or recover their spent psychological energy.或“一些独处的时间”来考虑事情或者恢复耗尽的心理能量。

Americans have great difficulty understanding foreigners who always want to be with another person, who dislike being alone.美国人很难理解有人总是想同别人在一起，不喜欢一人独处。

冲刺三参考答案Part I Writing【范文】Career or Marriage?A growing number of female college students are choosing to get married soon after they graduate from college. So while other students are busy with seeking jobs, they are busy with blind dating. Of course, most of them are looking for their Mr. Rights who are wealthy.More often, the reason why many new female grads are choosing marriage the time they get out of school is all about the employment pressure. Due to the tough job market, many female grads feel great pressure to find a good job after graduation. They choose to pick rich men as their dates in the hope of living away from the work pressure. Besides, because the future as an adult seems scary, it feels so much easier to face things with a spouse, especially a rich one.In my opinion, college students who are facing an uncertain future may see marriage as a way to make the transition from school to the society easier —but it’s not. There are all kinds of bad, bad reasons to get married, and this is one for them. Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)1. C)2. A)3. C)4. D)5. A)6. B)7. B)8. natural 9. fairly indulgent 10. changePart III Listening ComprehensionSection A11. B) 12. D) 13. C) 14. C) 15. C) 16. D) 17. A) 18. B)19. A) 20. D) 21. C) 22. B) 23. B) 24. A) 25. D)Section B26. C) 27. B) 28. D) 29. B) 30. A) 31. C) 32. D) 33. C) 34. A) 35. D) Section C36.enclosed 37.typical 38.handicrafts 39.uplifting40.experienced 41.celebrated 42.dedicated 43.residence44. These have been handed down over the centuries by a people inclined to live withmystery, with the forces of the supernatural45. Over the last few decades this fabric has made a comeback and is part of the dailylife of this country46. The games involve a spirit that has more to do with brute force than with athletics Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)Section A47.continues to grow48.revised49.Local governments or smaller net firms.50.cause a lot of interference51.rural areasSection B52.A) 53.C) 54.C) 55.B) 56.D) 57.B) 58.C) 59.B) 60.A) 61.A) Part V Cloze62.C) 63.A) 64.B) 65.D) 66.D) 67.A) 68. C) 69.D) 70.B) 71.C) 72.A) 73.B) 74.D) 75.A) 76.C) 77.D) 78.B) 79.C) 80.B) 81.A) Part VI Translation82.that it took us nearly two weeks to solve it83.ranging from clothes and food to computer games84.should we do anything against the will of the people85.nor did we see the shore86.be acquainted with everyone who comes to the store听力录音原文Part III Listening ComprehensionSection A11. M: Say, remember that proposal for an international festival next spring? Do you think there’s any chance it’ll ever get off the ground?W: I don’t think it’s a question of whether it’ll happen. It’s just a matter of where it’ll be held.Q: What does the woman imply about the international festival?12. M: Excuse me. I heard that there were a couple of jobs available in the library. So I’d like to apply for one of them. Can I fill out the applicat ion form at home and bring it back next week?W: Sure, but you should know that we’re about to start looking at the applications, and we hope to make some job offers in a few days.Q: What does the woman imply?13. M: I have a terrible cold and I ca n’t stop coughing. What do you take to cure a cold, Julie?W: Well, over-the-counter medicines never help me, and the doctor refuses to prescribe antibiotics. So I usually rely on old home remedies like honey and whisky.Q: What does the woman suggest for a cold?14. M: The dish is delicious. I never knew that you are so good at cooking.W: Thanks. But the credit should go to Mary. She prepared everything. If it weren’t for her, I’d never cook. Oh, please have some more.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?15. M: I just wonder why Janet never becomes an actress in the advertisement. You know, a lot of famous actresses do that for more fame and fortune. She should at least give it a try.W: I think she has her own ideas and can resist the temptation.Q: What does the woman say about Janet?16. M: I have this camera here that I bought about 12 months ago. But it suddenly doesn’t work.W: Let me have a look at your sales slip. I am sorry, sir. Your warranty’s expired.Q: What does the woman mean?17. W: Welcome to our laboratory. It’s nice to have you with us. I’ll see you at 7: 30 in the morning.M: My goodness. I’m not used to getting up as early as that! In London we start work at 9: 00 a. m.Q: What makes the man feel shocked?18. M: I’d love to come to your birthday party on Sunday. But my sister is arriving from London that day.W: That’s no problem. The more the merrier.Q: What does the woman mean?Now you will hear the two long conversations.Conversation OneW: So, have you found a job yet?M: No, but, I have a few interviews next week, so things are looking up.W: What kind of job are you looking for?M: Actually, I want to work for a Web hosting company.W: What would you do there exactly?M: Well, generally speaking, Web hosting companies provide space for people to store and run their Websites. Can you follow me?W: Oh, yeah, sort of.M: Well, they allow people to without having to buy and maintain their own servers, and I’d like to work in technical sup port, you know, helping customers resolve computer-related problems with their sites.W: So, how’s the pay for that sort of job?M: Well, most people I know start out with a very reasonable salary; you can earn pay increases depending on your performance.W: So, what about benefits?M: Oh, the benefits are pretty good. They often provide health insurance, two weeks of paid vacation a year, and opportunities for advancement.W: Well, is there long-term job security in a job like that?M: That’s hard to tell. I mean, the Internet is booming, and these kinds of companies are sprouting up everywhere, which is a good thing, but you never know how long things will last.W: Well, have you ever thought about going back to school to improve your job skills? You know, you did drop out of college; more training might help you land a better job. M: Well, I don’t have the resources at the moment to do that; however, the job I’m looking at will pay for some classes after I have been with the company for six months.W: Well, it looks like you have things planned out this time.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. In which field is the man looking for a job?20. What are the benefits the company provides?21. What does the future hold for the industry that the man is considering?22. What do we know about the man’s educational background according to the conversation?Conversation TwoM: How is your term paper coming along?W: I have just finished the draft, and handed it in to Miss Harper.M: Wow, you are really a doer. I planned to start writing the main body today. What did Miss Harper say about your draft?W: Well, she suggested I reconsider the whole structure of my paper, as she saw no links between Chapter Three and the whole theme.M: Oh, so what are you going to do?W: Miss Harper advised me to delete Chapter Three, and enrich the other chapters.She also recommended a few books. I think that will be of great help. And I’m going to the library this afternoon.M: I wish I could have Miss Harper be my supervisor. She tends to help her students with patience.W: Who is your supervisor, then?M: Mr. Simpson. You should know that he is famous for being strict, and rather, picky.W: In my opinion, Mr. Simpson is quite responsible, though sometimes he seems to be too direct. All in all, he is quite nice.M: If you were in my shoes, I’m sure you wouldn’t say so. Anyway, I have revised the outline at least three times to meet his requirements. That’s why I fall far behind you.W: Just as the saying goes, a strict master brings up accomplished disciples. You are lucky enough to have Mr. Simpson be your supervisor.M: You’ve got a point there. Do you mind my going to the library with you together?Maybe you could give me some advice on writing the term paper.W: Of course not. I’ll gladly do what I can to help.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. How is the man’s term paper coming along?24. What does the man think of Mr. Simpson?25. What does the man ask the woman to do?Section BPassage OneHow might you drag a good writer’s work down to the lower level? Try the spell-check button. A study at the University of Pittsburgh indicates spell-check software may level the playing field between people with differing levels of language skills, hampering the work of writers and editors who place too much trust in the software.In the study, 33 undergraduate students were asked to proofread a one-page business letter —half of them using Microsoft Word with its red and green lines underlining potential errors. The other half did it in the old-fashioned way, using only their heads. Without grammar or spelling software, students with higher SAT verbal scores made, on average, five errors, compared with 12.3 errors for students with lower scores. Using the software, students with higher verbal scores reading the same passage made, on average, 16 errors, compared with 17 errors for students with lower scores.Dennis Galletta, a professor of information systems at the Katz Business School, said spell-check software is so sophisticated that some have come to trust it too thoroughly. “It’s not a software problem, it’s a behavior problem,” he said. Microsoft technical specialist Tim Pash said grammar and spelling technology is meant to help writers and editors, not solve all their problems. The study found the software helped students find and correct errors in the letter, but in some cases they also changed phrases and sentences flagged by the software as grammatically suspicious, even though they were correct.Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. What are the students asked to do in the study?27. Who made the most mistakes in the study?28. What is the speaker’s opinion of grammar and spelling so ftware?Passage TwoOne of Britain’s few distinctive contributions to world culture may be doomed, according to a survey that suggests holiday postcards are being emailed and texted into extinction. More than half of the 1,000 holiday-makers interviewed said they had decided to send fewer cards, turning instead to their electronic rivals. A quarter of the respondents dismissed postcards as old-fashioned and slow to arrive. A further 14% admitted that thinking of something to fill the space was too challenging, compared with a call home.Thomson Holidays commissioned the poll. Its head, Chris Motters said that if the British postcard did become extinct, they would lose for ever something of great importance to the nation. He was backed by Marie Angelou of Sussex University, who has investigated the importance of sending and receiving postcards. “Postcards are nothing like phone calls, instant texting and direct photo shots via the mobile,” she said. “All these are useful, practical devices, but postcards offer something else, something additional that is not ordinary and simply functional, but imaginative and personal. They can evoke the real atmosphere of your holiday in a way that nothing else can do. They’re also for more than a moment — with some people adding them to collections built up over years and years.”Postcard-collecting is third only to coins and stamps in Britain’s allied tradition of collecting things. The country’s uniquely postcard-related achievements include the invention in 1902 of the “divided back”. With the address taking up half of the writing area, brief postcard scribbles became the pioneer to today’s text messages. Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. What do we learn from the passage?30. What does Marie Angelou think of the electronic communication devices?31. What are the top three collections in Britain?Passage ThreeIn the past industries had more freedom than they have now, and they did not need to be as careful as they must today. They did not need to worry a lot about the safety of the new products that they developed. They did not have to pay much attention to the health and safety of the people who worked for them. Often new products were dangerous for the people who used them; often conditions in the work place had very bad effects on the health of the workers.Of course sometimes there were real disasters which attracted the attention of government and which showed need for changes. Also scientists who were doing research into the health of the workers sometimes produced information which governments could not ignore. At such times, there were inquiries into the causes of the disaster or the problems. New safety rules were often introduced as a result of these inquiries; however, the new rules came too late to protect the people who had died or become seriously ill.Today many governments have special departments which protect customers and workers. In the U.S., for example, there is a department which tests new airplanes and gives warnings about possible problems. It also makes the rules that aircraft producers must follow. Another department controls the foods and drugs that companies sell. A third department looks at the places where people work, and then reports any companies that are breaking laws which protect the health and safety of workers. Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32. Compared with today’s industries, what were the industries in the past like?33. What did the government do years ago?34. What does the speaker say about industries in the U.S. today?35. What is the speaker mainly talking about?Scotland is a unique place. It has some of the most beautiful cities in Europe, a living evidence of a splendid and proud past.Its people’s ancient love to the hard land and their struggle against nature are enclosed within the walls of the Angus Folk Museum. You are able to get a feel of the typical rural atmosphere of times past from the everyday handicrafts displayed in this museum.Perhaps the most uplifting moment for Scottish autonomy is the one experienced inside this ancient abbey (修道院) of Arbroath, where, in 1320, the Declaration of Independence was celebrated, at the instigation (煽动) of King Robert the Bruce. Hecarried out the plan for autonomy drawn up by the great popular hero William Wallace, to whom cinema has dedicated the wonderful film Braveheart, the winner of five Oscars.The Glamis Castle is often remembered for being the residence of King Macbeth and Queen Elizabeth in her childhood. Among the most regular guests here are the inevitable ghosts, which are nourished by ancient popular beliefs. These have been handed down over the centuries by a people inclined to live with mystery, with the forces of the supernatural.The true flag of Scotland, tartan, is recognizable from the brightly colored plaid patterns which are used to distinguish the various clans. Over the last few decades this fabric has made a comeback and is part of the daily life of this country.The typical Scottish garment, the kilt, is socially necessary when the Scots play the Great High land bagpipes, especially when they march in parades.Bagpipes and dancing open the competitions of local sporting events, which are called Highland Gatherings. The games involve a spirit that has more to do with brute force than with athletics.。

第3套试题听力原文第三套试题听力原文Part II Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1 with a single line through the centre.l. M: My back has been aching ever since I started playing tennis on the weekends.W: Haven’t you had that checked out yet?Q: What does the woman imply?A) Tennis players often injure their backs.B) She hadn’t heard about the man’s problem.C) The man should have seen the doctor.D) She’ll check the man’s schedule as soon as possible.[答案] C).听前预测根据选项关键词injure, doctor等推测问题与受伤及看医生有关。

2021年12月英语六级(第3套)听力真题复合听写Adults are getting smarter about how smart babies are.成年人在研究婴儿有多聪明这个问题时，也变得越来越聪明了。

Not long ago, researchers learned that 4-day-old could understand addition and subtraction.不久前，研究人员发现4岁的孩子能够理解加法和减法。

Now, British research psychologist Graham Schafer has discovered that infants can learn words for uncommon things long before they can speak.现在，英国心理学研究者格拉哈姆·谢弗发现婴儿在他们学会说话很久之前就能够学习一些描述罕见事物的词语。

He found that 9-month-old infants could be taught, through repeated show-and-tell,谢弗发现，一个九个月大的婴儿通过展示和陈述的方法to recognize the names of objects that were foreign to them,能够被教会去认知他们没有看到过的事物。

a result that challenges in some ways the received wisdom that,这个结果在一定程度上也挑战了普遍接受的智慧。

apart from learning to identify things common to their daily lives,因为要让婴儿能够从日常模仿学习到自己学会分辨常见事物的跨越是很不容易的。

children don't begin to build vocabulary until well into their second year.小孩子在两岁之前，是不会自己在脑里形成词库的。

2015年6月英语六级真题及答案（第三套）Part I Writing(30 minutes)Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying“If you cannot do great things，do small things in a great way．”You can cite examples to illustrate your point of view．You should write at least l50 words but no more than 200 words．注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

Part II Listening Comprehension(30 minutes)Section ADirections：In this section，you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations．At the end of each conversation，one or，more questions will be asked about what was said．Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once．After each question there will be a pause．During the pause，you must read the four choices marked A.，B.，C. and D.，and decide which is the best answer．Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet，with a single line through the centre．注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

2024年6月大学英语六级考试真题和答案（第3套）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay that begins with the sentence “Nowadays, cultivating independent learning ability is becoming increasingly crucial for personal development.” You can make comments, cite examples or use your personal experiences to develop your essay. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.You should copy the sentence given in quotes at the beginning of your essay.Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A) Read numerous comments users put online.B) Blended all his food without using a machine.C) Searched for the state-of-the-art models of blenders.D) Did thorough research on the price of kitchen appliances.2. A) Eating any blended food.B) Buying a blender herself.C) Using machines to do her cooking.D) Making soups and juices for herself.3. A) Cooking every meal creatively in the kitchen.B) Paying due attention to his personal hygiene.C) Eating breakfast punctually every morning.D) Making his own fresh fruit juice regularly.4. A) One-tenth of it is sugar.B) It looks healthy and attractive.C) One’s fancy may be tickled by it.D) It contains an assortment of nutrients.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. A) How he has made himself popular as the mayor of Berkton.B) How the residents will turn Berkton into a tourist attraction.C) How charming he himself considers the village of Berkton to be.D) How he has led people of Berkton to change the village radically.6. A) It was developed only to a limited extent.B) It was totally isolated as a sleepy village.C) It was relatively unknown to the outside.D) It was endowed with rare natural resources.7. A) The people in Berkton were in a harmonious atmosphere.B) The majority of residents lived in harmony with their neighbors.C) The majority of residents enjoyed cosy housing conditions.D) All the houses in Berkton looked aesthetically similar.8. A) They have helped boost the local economy.B) They have made the residents unusually proud.C) They have contributed considerably to its popularity.D) They have brought happiness to everyone in the village.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)，B)，C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9. A) They have created the smallest remote-controlled walking robot in the world.B) They are going to publish their research findings in the journal Science Robotics.C) They are the first to build a robot that can bend, crawl, walk, turn and even jump.D) They are engaged in research on a remote-controlled robot which uses special power.10. A) It changes its shape by complex hardware.B) It is operated by a special type of tiny motor.C) It moves from one place to another by memory.D) It is powered by the elastic property of its body.11. A) Replace humans in exploratory tasks.B) Perform tasks in tightly confined spaces.C) Explore the structure of clogged arteries.D) Assist surgeons in highly complex surgery.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12. A) She threw up in the bathroom.B) She slept during the entire ride.C) She dozed off for a few minutes.D) She boasted of her marathon race.13. A) They are mostly immune to cognitive impairment.B) They can sleep soundly during a rough ride at sea.C) They are genetically determined to need less sleep.D) They constitute about 13 percent of the population.14. A) Whether there is a way to reach elite status.B) Whether it is possible to modify one’s genes.C) Whether having a baby impacts one’s passion.D) Whether one can train themselves to sleep less.15. A) It is in fact quite possible to nurture a passion for sleep.B) Babies can severely disrupt their parents’ sleep patterns.C) Being forced to rise early differs from being an early bird.D) New parents are forced to jump out of bed at the crack of dawn.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard. 16. A) We have poor awareness of how many controversial issues are being debated.B) No one knows better than yourself what you are thinking about at the moment.C) No one can change your opinions more than those who speak in a convincing tone.D) We are likely to underestimate how much we can be swayed by a convincing article.17. A) Their belief about physical punishment changed.B) Their memory pushed them toward a current belief.C) The memory of their initial belief came back to them.D) Their experiences of physical punishment haunted them.18. A) They apparently have little to do with moderate beliefs.B) They don’t reflect the changes of view on physical punishment.C) They may not apply to changes to extreme or deeply held beliefs.D) They are unlikely to alter people’s position without more evidence.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.19. A) American moms have been increasingly inclined to live alone.B) The American population has been on the rise in the past 25 years.C) American motherhood has actually been on the decline.D) The fertility rates in America have in fact been falling sharply.20. A) More new mothers tend to take greater care of their children.B) More new mothers are economically able to raise children.C) A larger proportion of women take pride in their children.D) A larger proportion of women really enjoy motherhood.21. A) The meaning of motherhood has changed considerably.B) More and more mothers go shopping to treat themselves.C) More mothers have adult children celebrating the holiday.D) The number of American mothers has been growing steadily.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.22. A) Add to indoor toxic pollutants.B) Absorb poisonous chemicals.C) Beautify the home environment.D) Soak up surrounding moisture.23. A) NASA did experiments in sealed containers resembling thesuper-insulated offices of 1970s.B) It was based on experiments under conditions unlike those in most homes or offices.C) NASA conducted tests in outer space whose environment is different from ours.D) It drew its conclusion without any contrastive data from other experiments.24. A) Natural ventilation proves much more efficient for cleaning the air than house plants.B) House plants disperse chemical compounds more quickly with people moving around.C) Natural ventilation turns out to be most effective with doors and windows wide open.D) House plants in a normal environment rarely have any adverse impact on the air.25. A) The root cause for misinterpretations of scientific findings.B) The difficulty in understanding what’s actually happening.C) The steps to be taken in arriving at any conclusion with certainty.D) The necessity of continually re-examining and challenging findings.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.A rainbow is a multi-colored, arc-shaped phenomenon that can appearin the sky. The colors of a rainbow are produced by the reflectionand____26____of light through water droplets (小滴) present in the atmosphere. An observer may____27____a rainbow to be located either near or far away, but this phenomenon is not actually located at any specific spot. Instead, the appearance of a rainbow depends entirely upon the position of the observer in____28____to the direction of light. In essence, a rainbow is an____29____illusion.Rainbows present a____30____made up of seven colors in a specific order. In fact, school children in many English-speaking countries are taught to remember the name “Roy G. Biv” as an aid for remembering the colors of a rainbow and their order. “Roy G. Biv”____31____for: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet. The outer edge of the rainbow arc is red, while the inner edge is violet.A rainbow is formed when light (generally sunlight) passes through water droplets____32____in the atmosphere. The light waves change direction as they pass through the water droplets, resulting in two processes: reflection and refraction (折射). When light reflects off a water droplet, it simply____33____back in the opposite direction from where it____34____. When light refracts, it takes a different direction. Some individuals refer to refracted light as “bent light waves.” A rainbow is formed because white light enters the water droplet, where it bends in several different directions. When these bent light waves reach the other side of the water droplet, they reflect back out of the droplet instead of____35____passing through the water. Since the white light is separated inside of the water, the refracted light appears as separate colors to the human eye.A) bouncesB) completelyC) dispersionD) eccentricE) hangingF) opticalG) originatesH) perceiveI) permeatesJ) ponderK) precedingL) recklesslyM) relationN) spectrumO) standsSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with tenstatements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Blame your worthless workdays on meeting recovery syndromeA) Phyllis Hartman knows what it’s like to make one’s way through the depths of office meeting hell. Managers at one of her former human resources jobs arranged so many meetings that attendees would fall asleep at the table or intentionally arrive late. With hours of her day blocked up with unnecessary meetings, she was often forced to make up her work during overtime. “I was actually working more hours than I probably would have needed to get the work done,” says Hartman, who is founder and president of PGHR Consulting in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.B) She isn’t alone in her frustration. Between 11 million and 55 million meetings are held each day in the United States, costing most organisations between 7% and 15% of their personnel budgets. Every week, employees spend about six hours in meetings, while the average manager meets for a staggering 23 hours.C) And though experts agree that traditional meetings are essential for making certain decisions and developing strategy, some employees view them as one of the most unnecessary parts of the workday. The result is not only hundreds of billions of wasted dollars, but an annoyance of what organisational psychologists call “meeting recovery syndrome (MRS)”: time spent cooling off and regaining focus after a useless meeting. If you run to the office kitchen to get some relief with colleagues after a frustrating meeting,you’re likely experiencing meeting recovery syndrome.D) Meeting recovery syndrome is a concept that should be familiar to almost anyone who has held a formal job. It isn’t ground-breaking to say workers feel fatigued after a meeting, but only in recent decades have scientists deemed the condition worthy of further investigation. With its links to organisational efficiency and employee wellbeing, MRS has attracted the attention of psychologists aware of the need to understand its precise causes and cures.E) Today, in so far as researchers can hypothesise, MRS is most easily understood as a slow renewal of finite mental and physical resources. When an employee sits through an ineffective meeting their brain power is essentially being drained away. Meetings drain vitality if they last too long, fail to engage employees or turn into one-sided lectures. The conservation of resources theory, originally proposed in 1989 by Dr. Stevan Hobfoll, states that psychological stress occurs when a person’s resources are threatened or lost. When resources are low, a person will shift into defence to conserve their remaining supply. In the case ofoffice meetings, where some of employees’ most valuable resources are their focus, alertness and motivation, this can mean an abrupt halt in productivity as they take time to recover.F) As humans, when we transition from one task to another on the job —say from sitting in a meeting to doing normal work—it takes an effortful cognitive switch. We must detach ourselves from the previous task and expend significant mental energy to move on. If we are already drained to dangerous levels, then making the mental switch to the next thing is extra tough. It’s common to see people cyber-loafing after a frustrating meeting, going and getting coffee, interrupting a colleague and telling them about the meeting, and so on.G) Each person’s ability to recover from horrible meetings is different. Some can bounce back quickly, while others carry their fatigue until the end of the workday. Yet while no formal MRS studies are currently underway, one can loosely speculate on the length of an average employee’s lag time. Switching tasks in a non-MRS condition takes about 10 to 15 minutes. With MRS, it may take as long as 45 minutes on average. It’s even worse when a worker has several meetings that are separated by 30 minutes. “Not enough time to transition in a non-MRS situation to get anything done, and in an MRS situation, not quite enough time to recover for the next meeting,” says researcher Joseph Allen. “Then, add the compounding of back-to-back bad meetings and we may have an epidemic on our hands.”H) In an effort to combat the side effects of MRS, Allen, along with researcher Joseph Mroz and colleagues at the University of Nebraska-Omaha, published a study detailing the best ways to avoid common traps, including a concise checklist of do’s and don’ts applicable to any workplace. Drawing from around 200 papers to compile their comprehensive list, Mroz and his team may now hold a remedy to the largely undefined problem of MRS.I) Mroz says a good place to start is asking ourselves if our meetings are even necessary in the first place. If all that’s on the agenda is a quick catch-up, or some non-urgent information sharing, it may better suit the group to send around an email instead. “The second thing I would always recommend is keep the meeting as small as possible,” says Mroz. “If they don’t actually have some kind of immediate input, then they can follow up later. They don’t need to be sitting in this hour-long meeting.” Less time in meetings would ultimately lead to more employee engagement in the meetings they do attend, which experts agree is a proven remedy for MRS.J) Employees also feel taxed when they are invited together to meetings that don’t inspire participation, says Cliff Scott, professor of organisational science. It takes precious time for them to vent their emotions, complain and try to regain focus after a pointless meeting—one of the main traps of MRS. Over time as employees find themselves tied up in more and more unnecessary meetings—and thus dealing with increasing lag times from MRS—the waste of workday hours can feel insulting.K) Despite the relative scarcity of research behind the subject, Hartman has taught herself many of the same tricks suggested in Mroz’s study, and has come a long way since her days of being stuck with unnecessary meetings. The people she invites to meetings today include not just the essential employees, but also representatives from every department that might have a stake in the issue at hand. Managers like her, who seek input even from non-experts to shape their decisions, can find greater support and cooperation from their workforce, she says.L) If an organisation were to apply all 22 suggestions from Mroz and Allen’s findings, the most noticeable difference would be a stark decrease in the total number of meetings on the schedule, Mroz says. Lesstime in meetings would ultimately lead to increased productivity,which is the ultimate objective of convening a meeting. While none of the counter-MRS ideas have been tested empirically yet, Allen says one trick with promise is for employees to identify things that quickly change their mood from negative to positive. As simple as it sounds, finding a personal happy place, going there and then coming straight back to work might be key to facilitating recovery.M) Leaders should see also themselves as “stewards of everyone else’s valuable time”, adds Steven Rogelberg, author of The Surprising Science of Meetings. Having the skills to foresee potential traps and treat employees’ endurance with care allows leaders to provide effective short-term deterrents to MRS.N) Most important, however, is for organisations to awaken to the concept of meetings being flexible, says Allen. By reshaping the way they prioritise employees’ time, companies can eliminate the very sources of MRS in their tracks.36. Although employees are said to be fatigued by meetings, the condition has not been considered worthy of further research until recently. 37. Mroz and his team compiled a list of what to do and what not to do to remedy the problem of MRS.38. Companies can get rid of the root cause of MRS if they give priority to workers’ time.39. If workers are exhausted to a dangerous degree, it is extremely hard for them to transition to the next task.40. Employees in America spend a lot of time attending meetings while the number of hours managers meet is several times more.41. Phyllis Hartman has learned by herself many of the ways Mroz suggested in his study and made remarkable success in freeing herself fromunnecessary meetings.42. When meetings continue too long or don’t engage employees, they deplete vitality.43. When the time of meetings is reduced, employees will be more engaged in the meetings they do participate in.44. Some employees consider meetings one of the most dispensable parts of the workday.45. According to Mroz, if all his suggestions were applied, a very obvious change would be a steep decrease in the number of meetings scheduled.Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Sarcasm and jazz have something surprisingly in common: You know them when you hear them. Sarcasm is mostly understood through tone of voice, which is used to portray the opposite of the literal words. For example, when someone says, “Well, that’s exactly what I need right now,” their tone can tell you it’s not what they need at all.Most frequently, sarcasm highlights an irritation or is, quite simply, mean.If you want to be happier and improve your relationships, cut out sarcasm. Why? Because sarcasm is actually hostility disguised as humor.Despite smiling outwardly, many people who receive sarcastic comments feel put down and often think the sarcastic person is rude, or contemptible. Indeed, it’s not surprising that the origin of the word sarcasm derives from the Greek word “sarkazein” which literally means “to tear or strip the flesh off.” Hence, it’s no wonder that sarcasm is often preceded by the word “cutting” and that it hurts.What’s more, since actions strongly determine thoughts and feelings, when a person consistently acts sarcastically it may only serve to heighten their underlying hostility and insecurity. After all, when you come right down to it, sarcasm can be used as a subtle form of bullying —and most bullies are angry, insecure, or cowardly.Alternatively, when a person stops voicing negative comments, especially sarcastic ones, they may soon start to feel happier and more self-confident. Also, other people in their life benefit even more because they no longer have to hear the emotionally hurtful language of sarcasm.Now, I’m not saying all sarcasm is bad. It may just be better usedsparingly—like a potent spice in cooking. Too much of the spice, and the dish will be overwhelmed by it. Similarly, an occasional dash of sarcastic wit can spice up a chat and add an element of humor to it. But a big or steady serving of sarcasm will overwhelm the emotional flavor of any conversation and can taste very bitter to its recipient.So, tone down the sarcasm and work on clever wit instead, which is usually without any hostility and thus more appreciated by those you’re communicating with. In essence, sarcasm is easy while true, harmless wit takes talent.Thus, the main difference between wit and sarcasm is that, as already stated, sarcasm is often hostility disguised as humor. It can be intended to hurt and is often bitter and biting. Witty statements are usually in response to someone’s unhelpful remarks or behaviors, and the intent is to untangle and clarify the issue by emphasizing its absurdities. Sarcastic statements are expressed in a cutting manner; witty remarks are delivered with undisguised and harmless humor.46. Why does the author say sarcasm and jazz have something surprisingly in common?A) Both are recognized when heard.B) Both have exactly the same tone.C) Both mean the opposite of what they appear to.D) Both have hidden in them an evident irritation.47. How do many people feel when they hear sarcastic comments?A) They feel hostile towards the sarcastic person.B) They feel belittled and disrespected.C) They feel a strong urge to retaliate.D) They feel incapable of disguising their irritation.48. What happens when a person consistently acts sarcastically?A) They feel their dignity greatly heightened.B) They feel increasingly insecure and hostile.C) They endure hostility under the disguise of humor.D) They taste bitterness even in pleasant interactions.49. What does the author say about people quitting sarcastic comments?A) It makes others happier and more self-confident.B) It restrains them from being irritating and bullying.C) It benefits not only themselves but also those around them.D) It shields them from negative comments and outright hostility.50. What is the chief difference between a speaker’s wit and sarcasm?A) Their clarity.B) Their appreciation.C) Their emphasis.D) Their intention.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Variability is crucially important for learning new skills. Consider learning how to serve in tennis. Should you always practise serving from the exactly same location on the court, aiming at the same spot? Although practising in more variable conditions will be slower at first, it will likely make you a better tennis player in the end. This is because variability leads to better generalisation of what is learned.This principle is found in many domains, including speech perception and learning categories. For instance, infants will struggle to learn the category “dog” if they are only exposed to Chihuahuas, instead of many different kinds of dogs.“There are over ten different names for this basic principle,” says Limor Raviv, the senior investigator of a recent study. “Learning from less variable input is often fast, but may fail to generalise to new stimuli.”To identify key patterns and understand the underlying principles of variability effects, Raviv and her colleagues reviewed over 150 studies on variability and generalisation across fields, including computer science, linguistics, categorisation, visual perception and formal education.The researchers discovered that, across studies, the term variability can refer to at least four different kinds of variability, such as set size and scheduling. “These four kinds of variability have never been directly compared—which means that we currently don’t know which is most effective for learning,” says Raviv.The impact of variability depends on whether it is relevant to the task or not. But according to the ‘Mr. Miyagi principle’, practising seemingly unrelated skills may actually benefit learning of other skills.But why does variability impact learning and generalisation? One theory is that more variable input can highlight which aspects of a task are relevant and which are not.Another theory is that greater variability leads to broader generalisations. This is because variability will represent the real world better, including atypical (非典型的) examples.A third reason has to do with the way memory works: when training is variable, learners are forced to actively reconstruct their memories.“Understanding the impact of variability is important for literally every aspect of our daily life. Beyond affecting the way we learn language, motor skills, and categories, it even has an impact on our social lives,”explains Raviv. “For example, face recognition is affected by whether people grew up in a small community or in a larger community. Exposure to fewer faces during childhood is associated with diminished face memory.”“We hope this work will spark people’ s curiosity and generate morework on the topic,” concludes Raviv.“Our paper raises a lot of open questions. Can we find similar effects of variability beyond the brain, for instance, in the immune system?”51. What does the passage say about infants learning the category “dog”if they are exposed to Chihuahuas only?A) They will encounter some degree of difficulty.B) They will try to categorise other objects first.C) They will prefer Chihuahuas to other dog species.D) They will imagine Chihuahuas in various conditions.52. What does Raviv say about the four different kinds of variability?A) Which of them is most relevant to the task at hand is to be confirmed.B) Why they have an impact on learning is far from being understood.C) Why they have never been directly compared remains a mystery.D) Which of them is most conducive to learning is yet to be identified.53. How does one of the theories explain the importance of variability for learning new skills?A) Learners regard variable training as typical of what happens in the real world.B) Learners receiving variable training are compelled to reorganise their memories.C) Learners pay attention to the relevant aspects of a task and ignore those irrelevant.D) Learners focus on related skills instead of wasting time and effort on unrelated ones.54. What does the passage say about face recognition?A) People growing up in a small community may find it easy to remember familiar faces.B) Face recognition has a significant impact on literally every aspect of our social lives.C) People growing up in a large community can readily recognise any individual faces.D) The size of the community people grow up in impacts their face recognition ability.55. What does Raviv hope to do with their research work?A) Highlight which aspects of a task are relevant and which are not to learning a skill.B) Use the principle of variability in teaching seemingly unrelated skills in education.C) Arouse people’s interest in variability and stimulate more research on the topic.D) Apply the principle of variability to such fields of study as the immune system.。

⼤学英语六级考试真题模拟及答案第三套⼤学英语六级考试真题及答案第三套12⽉⼤学英语六级考试真题(第3套)Part I Writing(30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picturebelow.You should focus on the harm caused by misleading information online.You arerequired to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Part ⅡListening Comprehension (30 minutes)听⼒⾳频地址：Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations.At the endof each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what wassaid.Both theconversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After each question there will bea pause.During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C.and D),and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet I with a single line through the centre.1.A.She has completely recovered.B.She went into shock after an operation.C.She is still in a critical condition.D.She is getting much better.2.A.Ordering a breakfast.B.Booking a hotel room.C.Buying a train ticket.D.Fixing a compartment.3.A.Most borrowers never returned the books to her.B.The man is the only one who brought her book back.C.She never expected anyone to return the books to her.D.Most of the books she lent out came back without jackets.4.A.She left her work early to get some bargains last Saturday.B.She attended the supermarket's grand opening ceremony.C.She drove a full hour before finding a parking space.D.She failed to get into the supermarket last Saturday.5.A.He is bothered by the pain in his neck.B.He cannot do his report without a computer.C.He cannot afford to have a coffee break.D.He feels sorry to have missed the report.6.A.Only top art students can show their works in the gallery.B.The gallery space is big enough for the man's paintings.C.The woman would like to help with the exhibition layout.D.The man is uncertain how his art works will be received.7.A.The woman needs a temporary replacement for her assistant.B.The man works in the same department as the woman does.C.The woman will have to stay in hospital for a few days.D.The man is capable of dealing with difficult people.8.A.It was better than the previous one.B.It distorted the mayor's speech.C.It exaggerated the city's economic problems.D.It reflected the opinions of most economists. Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9.A.To inform him of a problem they face.B.To request him to purchase control desks.C.To discuss the content of a project report.D.To ask him to flX the dictating machine.10.A.They quote the best price in the market.B.They manufacture and sell office furniture.C.They cannot deliver the steel sheets on time.D.They cannot produce the steel sheets。