语法术语中英文

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语法术语中英文

1. Noun (名词)

countable uncountable (可数名词、不可数名词)

Number of N (名词的数)

Irregular plurals (不规则复数)

Genitive case of N (名词的所有格)

Double genitive (双重所有格)

2. Pronoun (代词)

Personal pronoun (人称代词)

Possessive pronoun (物主代词)

Reflexive pronoun (反身代词)

Interrogative pronoun (疑问代词)

Indefinite pronoun (不定代词)

3. Numeral (数次)

Cardinal 、ordinal numbers (基数词、序数词)

Percentage (百分数)

Fraction (分数)

Decimal (小数)

Multiple (倍数)

4. Determiner (限定词)

Definite, indefinite, zero articles (定冠词,不定冠词,零冠词)

Quantifiers (数量词)

5. Preposition (介词)

6. Adjective (形容词)

Attributive 定语

Predicative 表语

Adverb clause equivalent 副词性从句

7. Adverb (副词)

Modifier of Adj / Adv / Prep-phrase / N-Phrase / Adverb-clause (形容词、副词、介词短语、副词性从句的修饰语)

The comparative and superlative degrees of Adj / Adv (形容词和副词的比较级和最高级)9. Verb classes (动词)

Notional verbs(实义动词)

Transitive and intransitive verbs (及物动词和不及物动词)

Auxiliaries and modal auxiliaries (助动词和情态动词)

Semi-auxiliaries (半助动词)

Phrasal verbs (短语动词)

10. Tense (时态)

Simple present, past, future and with modals (一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时和情态助动词加动词)

Present and past progressive (现在进行时和过去进行时)

Future progressive and with modals (将来进行时和情态动词加进行时)

Present and past perfect (现在完成时和过去完成时)

Future perfect and with modals (将来完成时和情态动词加完成时)

Present perfect progressive (现在完成进行时)

Past perfect progressive (过去完成进行时)

11.Passive voice (被动语态)

Passive voice in simple tense (被动语态的一般时态)

Passive voice in perfect and progressive tenses (被动语态的完成和进行时态)

Passive voice of phrasal verbs (短语动词的被动语态)

12. Subjunctive mood (虚拟语气)

13. To V (Infinitive 动词不定式)

as subject, object and complement (用作主语,宾语和补足语)

Indicating purpose / result (表示目的和结果)

Modifying adjective (修饰形容词)

as post modifier in a noun phrase (后位修饰名词)

to be + V-ed2, to have + V-ed2, to be + V-ing (不定式的被动式,完成式和进行式)

14. V-ing (Gerund 动名词)

object, subject and predicative(宾语,主语和表语)

N / Pronouns or their possessive + V-ing as subject and object(名词/ 代词或其所有格加动名词作主语和宾语)

Prep + N / Pronouns or their possessive + V-ing(介词加名词/ 代词或其所有格加动名词)being + V-ed2, having + V-ed2, having been + V-ed2 as a noun equivalent(动名词的被动式,完成式和完成被动式起名词作用)

15pre-modifier and post modifier in a noun phrase 现在分词和过去分词)

as complement (补足语)

as an adverb clause equivalent(作状语)

When / while, etc. + V-ing / V-ed2 (When / While 等加现在分词或过去分词)

(with) N + V-ing / V-ed2 ( [ with ] 名词加现在分词或过去分词)

Dangling V-ing as adverb clause equivalent(无归属现在分词作状语)

being + V-ed2, having + V-ed2, having been + V-ed2 as an adverb or adjective clause equivalent(现在分词的被动式、完成式和完成被动式作状语或定语)

16. Basic sentence patterns and sentence elements(基本句型和句子成份)

Pattern 1: S + V