新概念英语第三册逐句精讲第课最早的日历复习课程

新概念英语第三册逐句精讲第课最早的日历新概念英语第三册逐句精讲:第38课最早的日历lesson38 The first calendar 最早的日历新概念3课文内容：Future historians will be in a unique position when they come to record the history of our own times. They will hardly know whichfacts to select from the great mass of evidence that steadily accumulates. What is more, they will not have to rely solely on the written word. Films, videos. CDs and CD-ROMs are just some of the bewildering amount of information they will have. They will be able, as it were, to see and hear us in action. But the historianattempting to reconstruct the distant past is always faced with a difficult task. He has to deduce what he can from the few scantyclues available. Even seemingly insignificant remains can shed interesting light on the history of early man.Up to now, historians have assumed that calendars came into beingwith the advent of agriculture, for then man was faced with a real need to understand something about the seasons. Recent scientific evidence seems to indicate that this assumption is incorrect.Historians have long been puzzled by dots, lines and symbolswhich have been engraved on walls, bones, and the ivory tusk of mammoths. The nomads who made these markings lived by hunting and fishing during the last Ice Age, which began about 35,000 B.C. and ended about 10,000 B.C. By correlating markings made in various parts of the world, historians have been able to read this difficult code. They have found that it is connected with the passage of days and the phases of the moon. It is, in fact, a primitive type of calendar. It has long been known that the hunting scenes depicted on walls werenot simply a form of artistic expression. They had a definite meaning, for they were as near as early man could get to writing. It is possible that there is a definite relation between these paintingsand the markings that sometimes accompany them. It seems that man was making a real effort to understand the seasons 20,000 years earlier than has been supposed.新概念英语3逐句精讲：1.Future historians will be in a unique position when they come to record the history of our own times.未来的历史学家在写我们这一段历史的时候会别具一格。

语言点1:句子结构分析:when引导时间状语从句，从句中的of our own times充当history的后置定语。

语言点2:come to do的意思是“要做”。

2.They will hardly know which facts to select from the great mass of evidence that steadily accumulates.对于逐渐积累起来的庞大材料，他们几乎不知道选取哪些好。

语言点1:句子结构分析:which引导宾语从句，交代know的内容。

That引导定语从句，修饰evidence。

语言点2:hardly know可直译“几乎不知道”。

3.What is more, they will not have to rely solely on the written word.而且，也不必完全依赖文字材料。

语言点1:句子结构分析:what is more为承上启下的过渡语。

语言点2:rely on的意思是“依靠，依赖”，相当于depend on。

4.Films, videos. CDs and CD-ROMs are just some of the bewildering amount of information they will have.电影、录像、光盘和光盘驱动器只是能为他们提供令人眼花缭乱的大量信息的几种手段。

语言点:句子结构分析:定语从句they will have的前面省去了关系代词that,修饰information。

5.They will be able, as it were, to see and hear us in action.他们能够身临其境般地观看我们做事，倾听我们讲话。

语言点:句子结构分析:as it were作插入语，意思是“可以说”。

In action作宾语us的补足语。

6.But the historian attempting to reconstruct the distant past is always faced with a difficult task.但是，历史学家企图重现遥远的过去可是一项艰巨的任务。

语言点1:句子结构分析: attempting to reconstruct the distant past 为现在分词短语，作后置定语，修饰historian。

语言点2:be faced with的意思是“面对”，相当于be confronted with。

7.He has to deduce what he can from the few scanty clues available.他们必须根据现有的不充分的线索进行推理。

语言点:句子结构分析:what引导宾语从句，说明deduce的内容。

8.Even seemingly insignificant remains can shed interesting light on the history of early man.即使看起来微不足道的遗物，也可能揭示人类早期历史的一些有趣的内容。

语言点1:句子结构分析:shed的本意是“使…流出”，在本句中引申为“揭示”，相当于reveal。

语言点2:shed light on的意思是“揭示…方面的事情，把…弄清楚”。

9.Up to now, historians have assumed that calendars came into being with the advent of agriculture, for then man was faced with a real need to understand something about the seasons.历史学家迄今认为日历是随农业的问世而出现的，因为当时人们面临着了解四季的实际需要。

语言点1:句子结构分析:up to now放在句首，后面谓语的时态一定是现在完成时，这是约定俗成的语法要求。

That引导宾语从句，交代assumed的内容。

For引导原因状语从句，说明历史学家为什么会这么认为。

语言点2:come into being是固定搭配，意为“产生，出现”。

10. Recent scientific evidence seems to indicate that this assumption is incorrect.但近期科学研究发现，好像这种假设是不正确的。

语言点1:句子结构分析:that引导宾语从句，交代indicate的内容。

语言点2:indicate的本意是“指出”，在此引申为“发现”。

11. Historians have long been puzzled by dots, lines and symbols which have been engraved on walls, bones, and the ivory tusk of mammoths.长期以来，历史学家一直对雕刻在墙壁上、骨头上、古代长毛象的象牙上的点、线和形形色色的符号感到困惑不解。

语言点1:句子结构分析:这句话的核心结构是sb.be puzzled by sth.（某人对某事感到困惑不解）。

Which引导定语从句，修饰dots,lines and symbols。

语言点2:engrave on的意思是“在…上雕刻”。

12. The nomads who made these markings lived by hunting and fishing during the last Ice Age, which began about 35,000 B.C. and ended about 10,000 B.C.这些痕迹是游牧人留下的，他们生活在从公元前约35，000年到公元前10，000年的冰川期的末期，以狩猎、捕鱼为生。