高中英语高考复习动词分类讲解(共10类)

高中动词知识点笔记总结一、动词的定义动词是表示行为、状态或变化的词，是谓语的核心，用来表示主语的动作、状态或变化。

二、动词的分类1. 按用法分类（1）实义动词：表示实际的动作或状态，如run、eat、sleep等。

（2）系动词：用来联系主语和表语，表示主语的状态、性质、特征、动作等，如be、seem、appear等。

（3）助动词：用来帮助实义动词构成各种时态、语态、语气等，如do、have、will等。

2. 按构词习惯分类（1）行为动词：表示动作的变化和发展，如run、eat、play等。

（2）状语动词：表示某种状态或情感，如like、love、hate等。

（3）系动词：表示主语的状态或特征，如be、seem、appear等。

3. 按是否能够及物分类（1）及物动词：一般需要与宾语搭配使用，表示动作的对象，如see、read、write等。

（2）不及物动词：一般不需要与宾语搭配使用，表示动作的对象，如run、walk、sleep 等。

4. 按是否能构成被动语态分类（1）及物动词：可以构成被动语态，如see、read、write等。

（2）不及物动词：不能构成被动语态，如run、walk、sleep等。

三、动词的时态1. 现在时表示现在的动作或状态，有简单现在时和现在进行时两种形式。

例如：He often goes to school by bike.（简单现在时）I am reading an interesting book.（现在进行时）2. 过去时表示过去的动作或状态，有简单过去时和过去进行时两种形式。

例如：He played tennis with his friend yesterday.（简单过去时）She was cooking when I arrived.（过去进行时）3. 将来时表示将来的动作或状态，有简单将来时和将来进行时两种形式。

例如：I will call you tomorrow.（简单将来时）They will be playing football at this time tomorrow.（将来进行时）4. 完成时态表示先于某一时点或某一动作发生的动作或状态，有现在完成时、过去完成时和将来完成时三种形式。

高考英语动词分类表◆提示：以下动词的分类并没有绝对的标准。

有的分类只是为了更好地学习英语动词、掌握动词的用法和搭配，以及更好地学好与动词有关的语法。

◆切记：有些动词作不同的意义解释时可以分属于不同种类的动词。

因此，我们要特别注意一词多义现象。

◆ 动词的种类分类总表：（更多更详细的内容请参考其他复习内容.）◆相关动词分类对比与同近义动词的区分（重点内容）◆ 感官动词 hear, see, feel, watch, notice, observe, find, catch, look at; hear;listen to 的用法归纳总结 : （感官动词 + sb. do/ doing // sth done 。

） 1．后接不带 to 的不定式表示一个发生过或者还没发生具体的动作When you go to watch the football match, you will enjoy seeing the Chinese football team win.2．后接 V-ing 形式表示正在进行的动作。

Seeing the sun rising above the surface of the sea, we let out a shout of joy. Hearing this, I felt my heart beating fast. 3．后接 V-ed 形式表示被动意义。

After his return twenty years later, he found his home town greatly changed. Although I had learnt some English, I had never heard a word of it spoken. 试比较（注意理解） :１） I heard him sing a song. ２） I heard him singing asong. 断）。

高考英语动词归类复习一、连系动词二、使役、感观动词三、主动表被动四、只接动名词做宾语的词、词组五、只接不定式作宾语的词、词组六、宾语不同、意义不同七、接动名词、不定式意义区别不大八、宾语不同、语态不同、但意义相同九、接宾语和宾补、形式不同十、接虚拟语气的词十一、瞬间非延续性动词十二、表计划未能实现的动词十三、情感动词类十四、否定前移类十五、不带不定式作复合宾语十六、省略替代类一、连系动词类①变化类:become, get, turn, grow, make, come, go, fall ，go bad / hungry / mad / wrong，fall (fell-fallen) ill / asleep※feel (felt-felt) sick / sleepy②感观类:look, sound, feel, taste, smellHis voice sounds ________.A. wellB. beautifullyC. excellentD. wonderfully③显得类:seem, appear, look It looks as if…It seems as if / that…It appears that…④状态类:keep, stay, remain, lie, sit, stand ★prove, turn out The weather will _____ hot for another two weeks.A. lastB. remainC. getD. turnThe hot weather will ____another two days.A. lastB. remainC. getD. turnThe weather turned out (to be)fine. He proved (to be) honest / an honest person.注：be, become, turn, remain 可带名词He remains a teacher.=He is still a teacher.He became _____ teacher. A. a B. the C. an D. / He turned _______ teacher. A. a B. the C. an D. / 二、使役、感观动词类：let, make, have，see, look at, watch, notice, observe, hear listen to, feelThe boss made them _____12 hours a day.A. workB. to workC. workedD. workingThey were made_______12 hours a day.A. workB. to workC. workedD. workingThe boy was last seen _______football on the playground.A. playB. playingC. to playD. playedHe often heard this song _______by the famous singer.A. singB. singingC. to singD. sungHe had his leg_______.A. breakB. breakingC. to breakD. broken三、主动表被动类：( well, poorly, easily)sell, wash, burn, cook, cut, drive, dress, play, last, open, write, start, translate, run, read, operate, break, measure, weighDry wood burns easily. The cloth washes well. This phrase does not translate well into Chinese.The man always dresses well / poorly. Your composition reads well except for a few spelling mistakes.----Have you got a ticket for the concert? ----No, the tickets____well and they _____out last week.A. sell; were soldB. sell; soldC. sell; have been sold D .are sell; soldDon’t get that ink on your white shirt, for it___.A. won’t wash outB. doesn’t wash awayC. isn’t washing outD. hasn’t washed awayThey tried to get the car ____, but it won’t____.A. started; startB. to start; startC. started; startedD. to start; to start四、只接动名词做宾语的词/词组mind, risk, avoid, enjoy, miss, keep, suggest, appreciate, practise, delay, finish, dislike, excuse, imagine, consider, forbid, escape，admit, advise, allow, put off, give up, be worth, be busy，get down to, devote…to, look forward to, be used to, lead to, succeed in, spend/waste time (in)，have a good/hard time (in) , have difficulty /trouble (in) ，there is no use(in)She looked forward every spring to___ the flower-lined garden.A. visitB. paying a visitC. walk inD. walking inI would appreciate ______back this afternoon.A. you to callB. you callC. your callingD. you’re callingThe day he has looked forward to______ at last.A. comingB. cameC. comeD. comes五、只接不定式作宾语的词/词组decide, expect, hope, wish, order, refuse, promise, pretend, agree, seem, attempt, fail, offer, happen, warn, afford，make up one’s mind to, be determined to，used to, be about to, be able to, have to , would like/ love to=should like/love toI would love ______to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.A. to goB. to have goneC. goingD. having goneMr Smith warned her son ______after drinking.A. never to driveB. to never driveC. never drivingD. never drive She pretended _______me when I passed by.A. not to seeB. not seeingC. to not seeD. having not seen六、宾语不同、意义不同n 1) go on to do / go on doingn 2) stop to do / stop doingn 3) remember to do / remember doingn 4) forget to do / forget doingn 5) mean to do / mean doingn 6) regret to do / regret doingn 7) try to do / try doingn 8) can’t help (to) do / can’t help doingn ★can’t help but do=can’t but do =have to doI can’t help but tell him the truth.---I usually go there by train. ---Why not ______by boat for a change?A. to try goingB. trying to goC. to try and goD. try going---The light in the office is still on. ---Oh, I forgot___.A. turning it offB. turn it offC. to turn it offD. having turned it off He didn’t remember ______him before.A. having metB. have metC. to meetD. to having metGo on ______the other exercise after you have finished this one. A. to do B. doing C. to be doing D .to be done---You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.---Well, now I regret _______that.A. to doB. to be doingC. to have doneD. having done七、接动名词、不定式意义区别不大begin , start, continue, like, love, hate，prefer，It began raining. It is beginning to rain.I prefer staying home to going out. I prefer to stay home rather than go out.Tired as he was, he continued to work. =Though he was very tired, he continued working.He likes playing football, but he doesn’t like to play football today.八、宾语不同、语态不同、但意义相同need, require, want, deserve The room requires to be cleaned. =The room requires cleaning. This sentence needs_________.A. an improvementB. improveC. improvingD. improvedThe baby needs________.A. looked afterB. looking afterC. look afterD. to look after九、接宾语和宾补、形式不同allow, permit, forbid, advise, admit considerWe forbid smoking here. We forbid anybody to smoke here. You are forbidden to smoke here.We are considering _______ to the south.A. goB. to goC. goingD. goneCharles Babbage is generally considered ___the first computer.A.to have inventedB.inventingC.to inventD.having invented十、接虚拟语气的词1)insist 2)order, command 3)advise, suggest, propose , recommend 4)demand, ask, require, requestHe ordered that we (should)leave at once. His order that we (should) leave at once was right.The order was that we (should) leave at once. That we (should) leave at once was his order.He insisted that his brother_____ there.A. goB. wentC. goingD. to goHe insisted that he____ nothing wrong and ____ set free.A. do; beB. had done; wasC. had done; beD. did; wasHis voice suggested that he ______angry.A. isB. beC. wasD. wereHe suggested that the boy _____ sent to hospital at once.A. wasB. beC. isD. were十一、瞬间非延续性动词go, come, leave, start, return, arrive, stop, finish, borrow, lend, open, close, die, become, break, join, kill, marry, graduate, buy,marry--be married seat--be seated hide--behidden engage--be engaged die--be dead begin--beon join--be in borrow--keep come--be/stay leave--be away buy--have=have gotHe died ten years ago, that’s to say, he has __ for ten years.A. been diedB. been deadC. diedD. been dyingWhen Jack arrived he learned Mary ___for almost an hour.A. had goneB. had set off C .had left D. had been awayHe is leaving for Beijing tomorrow. The boy is so sick that he is dying fast. The bus is coming.The train is leaving. I am going.十二、表计划未能实现的动词intend, mean ,hope, plan, expect, think, want, suppose, promiseI had hoped to come here, but I had an unexpected visitor.=I hoped to have come here,…….★Would /should +love / like to have doneHe wants to meet you at the airport. He wanted to have met you at the airport, but he didn’t get there in time.We planned to have done good deeds for the poor people last month. I should (would) like (love) to give her the gift.I should(would) like (love) to have given her the gift. He would like to have played the violin at the concert.十三、情感动词类n 表示人的内在感受的动词encourage, excite, inspire, interest, amaze, satisfy, delight, please, move, frighten, surprise, astonish, shock, disappoint, discourage, puzzle, worry, tire, touch, relaxThe news sounds _____________.(encourage)The play was so ___________ that nearly everybody was _________ to tears.(move)Looking at her paper, she nodded with a___________ smile on her face.(satisfy)He looked at me with a __________ look. (puzzle)十四、否定前移类believe, imagine, suppose, think, feel , guessI don’t think he can finish the work,____?A. can’t heB. can heC. do ID. don’t IWe don’t believe she knows it,______?A. does sheB. doesn’t sheC. do weD. don’t weYou don’t think he can finish it, ______?A. do youB. don’t youC. can heD. can’t he十五、不带不定式作复合宾语hope, agree, suggest, demand, imagine, would ratherI wish him to come.=I hope that he will come.I allowed/permitted him to go there.=I agreed that he can go there. He advised me to do it right now.=He suggested (to me) that I (should) do it right now.I prefer him to go there.=I would rather he went there.I can’t imagine such a girl like Mary doing such a thing.He wanted me to do it.=He demanded that I (should)do it.十六、省略替代类1）believe, think, suppose, expect, guessI think so. I think not = I don’t think so2) hope, fear, be afraid + so / not3) intend, want, plan, wish, like, love, hate, hope, try, would (should) like / love toDo you want to have a rest? Yes, I want to, but I can’t.Did you get the new stamps? No,I tried to, but there wasn’t any left in that post office.I didn’t mean to call you at late night,but I had to as I did have something important to tell you.。

高考英语语法复习动词的分类知识讲解cry 哭泣disappear 消失go 走，趋于live 生存，居住rise 上升，增强shiver 颤抖，哆嗦sparkle 闪耀appear 出现decay 衰退exist 存在happen 发生occur 发生，出现roar 咆哮，喧闹sigh 叹息swim 游泳arise 出现，产生deteriorate 恶化fall 落下hesitate 犹豫scream 尖叫sit 坐，位于travel 旅行collapse 倒塌die 死亡flow 流动laugh 笑quiver 颤抖smile 微笑sneeze 打喷嚏lie 躺，位于，说谎age （使）成熟，变老break 打破（记录）close 关闭，结束decrease 减少，减小end 结束，终止grow 种植，生长meet 满足，对付；相遇shake 动摇，发抖spread 散布，铺开，传播stop 断绝，停止widen 加宽，变宽begin （使）开始burn 烧毁，燃烧continue （使）继续double （使）加倍finish 完成，终结improve 改善，加强open 打开，开始show 演示，说明；显示stand 忍受，抵抗；站立tear 撕毁，流泪stretch （使）伸展；使用，消耗boil （使）蒸发，沸腾change （使）改变cook 烹饪，做菜dry 弄干，变干fly 使飘扬，飞行increase 增加run 经营，运转slow 放慢，阻碍，变慢start 启动，出发turn 使旋转，转动。

动词的分类动词种类实义动词连系动词助动词情态动词（重点）及物动词不及物动词状态系动词持续系动词表像系动词感官系动词变化系动词终止系动词Be DoShall WillhaveCan MayMust Have toShall WillNeed dare动词形式动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词一般时过去时完成时、被动语态进行时、动词词一、动词的分类按照动词在句中的作用，英语动词可分为四类；实义动词，连系动词，助动词和情态动词。

1、实义动词（行为动词）实义动词（行为动词）说明动作或状态，能独立作谓语，可分为及物动词和不及物动词。

（1）及物动词及物动词必须接宾语，才能有完整的意思，这可以有三种情况；①动词+宾语Her father enjoys warm tea very much in summer.她的父亲夏天非常爱喝热茶。

②动词+间接宾语+直接宾语（直接宾语是谓语动词的承受者，间接宾语表示谓语动作的方向（对谁做）或动作的目标（为谁做），间接宾语紧接在谓语动词后，但它不能单独存在。

）Did he give you a present yesterday?May I ask you a question?③动词+宾语+宾补They call her "Little Li".他们叫她小李。

They elected Bush president.他们选布什当总统(2)不及物动词不及物动词本身有完整的意思其后不需要跟宾语。

例如：His mother works in a hospital.（介词短语做地点）She stayed at home yesterday.（介短）A. 记住下面这些可带双宾语的动词buy, bring, build, cook, cut, draw, find, hand, get, leave, lend,make, offer pay, pass, read,return, show, sell, tell, teach, write等。

高中英语必会语法：动词的分类，一篇全覆盖！一. 动词概说1. 动词(verb)是表示动作或状态的词。

1)表示动作：swim游泳；push推2)表示状态：have有；be是2. 英语动词有时态、语态、语气等形式上的变化。

二. 动词的分类1. 谓语动词和非谓语动词从是否能充当句子中的谓语来看，动词有谓语动词和非谓语动词两大类。

1) 谓语动词有人称和数的变化。

如：He is a tractor driver.他是一个拖拉机手。

Facts aremore eloquent than words.事实胜于雄辩。

We havefriends all over the world.我们的朋友遍天下。

An apple fallsby the force of gravitation.地心吸力使苹果落地。

2) 非谓语动词非谓语动词有动词不定式、动名词和分词三种，在句子里都不能单独作谓语，没有人称和数的变化。

如：I am pleased to meet you.我很高兴与你相识。

(动词不定式)Smokingis harmful to the health.吸烟对身体有害。

(动名词)I heard them singingthe Internationale。

我听见他们唱《国际歌》。

(现在分词)Spokenwords are often more powerful than writing.语言往往比文字更有力。

(过去分词)2. 实义动词、连系动词、情态动词和助动词从其含义来分，动词有实义动词(notional verb)，连系动词(link verb)，情态动词(modal verb)和助动词(auxiliary verb)四类。

1) 实义动词实义动词有完全的词义，并能独立作谓语动词。

如：The sun shonebrightly this morning.今天早晨阳光灿烂。

He likesto go for a long walk on sundays.他喜欢星期日出去作长距离散步。

高考英语动词分类一、实义动词1.英语的实义动词又可分为及物动词和不及物动词两大类：后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的叫及物动词；本身意义完整，后面不需跟宾语的叫不及物动词。

2.有些动词通常只作不及物动词。

如：go, come, happen, lie, listen, rise, arrive, hall 等。

有些动词通常用作及物动词。

如：say, raise, lay, find, buy等。

3.大多数动词可以兼作及物动词和不及物动词。

如：study, sing, speak等。

例如：Who is going to speak at the meeting?谁打算在会上发言？(speak作不及物动词)Few people outside China speak Chinese.在中国以外很少人讲汉语。

(speak作及物动词)4.有些动词作及物动词与作不及物动词时的意义有所不同。

如：know, wash等。

例如：It s your turn to wash dishes.轮到你洗碗了。

I had to wash and dress in a hurry.我得赶紧洗漱穿衣。

5.有些动词常和介词、副词或其它词类一起构成固定词组，形成短语动词。

如：listen, reply, wait, look等。

二、连系动词连系动词用来连接主语和表语，连系动词后面常为形容词。

1.表示“是”的动词be。

这个词在不同的主语后面和不同的时态中有不同的形式，is，am，are，was，were，have / has been等要特别予以注意。

例如：He is a teacher.他是个教师。

We are Chinese.我们是中国人。

2.表示“感觉”的词，如look(看起来)，feel(觉得，摸起来），smell(闻起来)，sound(听起来)，taste(尝起来)等。

例如：She looked tired.她看一去很疲劳。

I feel ill.我觉得不舒服。

英语动词的种类◆提示：以下动词的分类并没有绝对的标准。

有的分类只是为了更好地学习英语动词、掌握动词的用法和搭配，以及更好地学好与动词有关的语法。

◆切记：有些动词作不同的意义解释时可以分属于不同种类的动词。

因此，我们要特别注意一词多义现象。

1．实义动词实义动词是指具有完整意义，可以单独作谓语的动词，主要表示主语的动作、状态和品质。

实义动词也可与助动词相结合表示更加复杂的动词意义。

实义动词主要包括及物动词和不及物动词两类。

（1）不及物动词不及物动词指的是后面不能跟宾语的动词。

在英语中大多数动词既可作及物动词，又可作不及物动词。

纯不及物动词很少。

常见的不及物动词有：apologize道歉appear出现arrive到达come来go去run跑walk走die死fall掉flow流淌happen发生rise升起、站起stay呆、留sit坐lie躺stand站cry哭swim游泳e.g.Let's go. 我们走吧！（2）及物动词能跟宾语的动词称为及物动词。

可分为跟单宾语的及物动词、跟双宾语的及物动词、跟复合结构的及物动词等。

①常见的只跟单宾语的及物动词accept接受borrow借bury埋cover覆盖defeat挫败discover发现enjoy喜欢excite使激动interest使感兴趣please使高兴put放worry担心surprise使凉讶forget忘记guess猜测love热爱use运用e.g.Don’t forget to wake me up at six tomorrow morning.别忘了明天早晨六点叫醒我。

You can borrow one book at a time from the library.在图书馆一次只能借一本书。

②常见的跟双宾语的及物动词A．指人的间接宾语在指物的直接宾语后面需加to的动词：bring带来give给hand递pass递pay付款post寄promise答应read读return返还sell卖show表现teach教tell告诉wish祝愿offer提供e.g.I returned him the storybook.(可变为I returned the storybook to him.)我已把故事书还给他了。