英语中考常用一词多义词资料讲解

一轮复习:七下U11 词汇+语法讲解【单词默写】【单词变形】【单词变性】exciting形容词变动词__________________ interested形容词变动词__________________ slow形容词变副词__________________ luckily副词变形容词__________________ painting名词变动词__________________【一词多义】1. dark ___________ ____________It’s getting dark.He likes dark green.2. fire ___________ _____________Everyone should be careful in case it is on fire.“Fire” sometimes is used in a battle.3. farm _______________ ___________Farmers work on the farm every day.The family has farmed here for years.4. grow _____________ ___________ _______________ We grow one tree every year on Trees Planting Day. Everyone will grow up no matter what happens.Maybe most ladies don't want to grow old.5. milk _______________ ____________Having a cup of milk before going to bed helps good sleep. The farmer is milking the cow now.【词汇用法】1. exciting: adj./sth. be exciting/sb. be exciting相关词辨析: exciting vs. excitedexciting: adj./sth. be exciting/sb. be excitingexcited: adj./sb. be excited同类型的词:2. hear: v./hear sth./hear about/hear of/hear from/hear sb. do/doing sth.近义词辨析: sound vs. listen to vs. hearsound: v./sound +adj./表状态listen to: v./listen to sb./sth./表过程hear: v./hear sth./hear about/hear of/hear from/hear sb. do/doing sth./表结果相关词辨析: watch vs. see vs. hearwatch: watch sth./watch sb. do/doing sth./watch outsee: see sb. do/doing sth./see sb. offhear: hear sb. do/doing sth./hear of sb./hear about sth./hear from sb.3. pick: v./pick sth./pick up/pick out4. worry: v./be worried about/worry sb./worry about【攻占语法】时态(一般过去时)一、一般过去时的基本形式: ________________________二、一般过去时的动词变化规则三、一般过去时的动词不规则变化1. AA型(动词原形与过去式同形)2. AB型(动词原形与过去式不同形)三、一般过去时的意义1. 陈述过去时间发生的事情2. 表示过去阶段性发生的动作四、一般过去时的时间状语1. 时间状语: last year, three days ago, the next day, the other day, after three years, three days later2. 频率: once a week, twice a month, every day, every other day3. 状语从句: if, when 引导的状语从句4. 宾语从句: 主句为一般过去时，从句用相对应的过去时态【词汇练习】1.Did you do a ________ fun during the summer vacation?2.The dress is not only nice but also c ________. It only cost me $30.3.It's too d ________ in the room. I can't see anything. Let's turn on the light.4.The sports meeting is a great success, and e ________ is going fine.ng Lang is an e ________ pianist. He has won many competitions.6.Mr. Black is a TV reporter. His job is quite e ________, but a little tired.7.The bag is too e _________. I don't think I have enough money to afford it.8. F ________ are not the only ones suffering as the river slowly becomes polluted.9.In the sports meeting, Lucy jumped f ________ of all the girls. So she won the first prize.10.I often help my mother f_________ chickens on rice in my spare time.11.The air was so clean that and we saw many green trees and beautiful f ________ in the mountain.12.The tea is g________ by farmers on the side of mountains.13.I learned a lot after listening to the tour g ________ introduction of the history museum.14.Have you ever h________ of the movie Returning? It is worth watching.15.I am looking forward to h ________ from you. I miss you so much.16.My mother is very i ________ in cooking. She always makes different kinds of dishes for me.17. A car hit a boy on this road just now. L ________, the boy wasn’t hurt badly.18.The Palace M ________ is in Beijing, and it’s so big and beautiful.19.Alice always thinks more of others than herself, so she has made q ________ a few friends.20.Some snake r ________ in India are able to help search for the people in fallen buildings.21.Could you please speak more s ________? I didn’t quite catch you.22.I was terribly w ________ about the children when they didn’t come home from school.23.If you w ________ someone about something such as a possible danger or problem, you tell them about it sothat they are aware of it.24.He arrived late for school y ________, so this morning he got up earlier than any other day.25.Jack won the first prize in the speech contest, so he felt q ________ excited.【语法练习】1.Jim has made many friends since he________ (come) to China.2.Cathy was so careless that she_____ (hurt) her right arm when she practiced volleyball.3.I called you, but nobody answered. Where___ (be) you?4.Tony ____ (play) football every weekend when his was young.5.After Steven sent some e-mails, he ____ (start) surfing the Internet.6.Our team ____ (beat) the students from Motel School in the championship! That’s because Super Jimmy wason the school team!7.He doesn’t need to look after his mother any longer because she____ (die) two days ago.8.I thought to myself that this lady is so under-appreciated(未被赏识的) and needs recognizing for all her hardwork. So I _______________(write) a note telling her that the students appreciated everything she did and that her contribution to our school made a difference in all of our lives.9.I asked all of my professors but no one knew her name. I finally went to ask the lady at student services and______________(tell) that her name was Kathy.10.To make money, many students looked for part-time jobs and _________________(experience) how hard lifewas.11.Soccer fans have been crazy about him since 2003, when he _____________(join) a professional sports team inthe United States.12.At school many students played jokes on him because he looked different from everyone else. He_________________(refuse) to be others’ friend.13. A boy on a bike ________(catch) my attention . He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms.14.One day, Nick invited his friends to supper. He ________(cook) some delicious food in the kitchen.15.The hardest part ________________(lie) in my oral presentation from my memory, for to read from the paperwas not allowed.16.The first time I __________________(stand) in front of an audience I was scared.17.He turned around and ________(rush) into the pay telephone again.18.For example, I ordered a digital camera online the other day and _____________(spend) $50, $20 cheaper.19.I called out his name and ________(look) in all the back streets. But I didn’t see him again.20.It was enough to know that the sun was out. That ________(mean) it was daytime.【参考答案】exciting形容词变动词excite interested形容词变动词interest slow形容词变副词slowly luckily副词变形容词lucky painting名词变动词paint1. dark 黑的深的It’s getting dark.He likes dark green.2. fire 火开火Everyone should be careful in case it is on fire.“Fire” sometimes is used in a battle.3. farm 农场务农Farmers work on the farm every day.The family has farmed here for years.4. grow 种植长大变老We grow one tree every year on Trees Planting Day. Everyone will grow up no matter what happens.Maybe most ladies don't want to grow old.5. milk 牛奶挤奶Having a cup of milk before going to bed helps good sleep. The farmer is milking the cow now.1. exciting: adj./sth. be exciting/sb. be exciting相关词辨析: exciting vs. excitedexciting: adj./sth. be exciting/sb. be excitingexcited: adj./sb. be excited同类型的词:一、一般过去时的基本形式: did二、一般过去时的动词变化规则三、一般过去时的动词不规则变化1. AA型(动词原形与过去式同形)2. AB型(动词原形与过去式不同形)【词汇练习】Anything cheap dark everything excellent easy expensive Farmers farthest feeding flowers grown guide’s heard hearing interested Luckily Museum quite robots slowly worried worry yesterday quite【语法练习】came hurt were played started beat died wrote told experienced joined refused caught cooked lay stood rushed spent looked meant。

一词多义归纳（三）1.work作品2.yield:屈从于或者妥协3.plague:烦扰，肆虐4.plain:十足，彻底，浅显易懂,平凡。

5.plant:（重工业）工厂，电站；造纸厂 paper plant；power plant 发电厂6.Play：戏剧7.plug away at something:埋头。

8.plunge:急速下降，下跌。

9.point:目的，意义。

10.poke fun at someone:拿… 寻开心。

11.policy:原则。

12.p olish:雕琢，完善。

13.pop:pop up含义为“突然出现”。

14.pose:造成，形成，通常表达消极的含义15.post:“岗位，职位”。

v.邮寄，寄送；刊登，发布在 poster海报16.power:电力，动力。

Power failure 断电；17.practice:惯例，（长期一贯的）做法。

18.practise:长期，大范围地开展。

19.prescribe:规定，命令。

20.press:“出版社，新闻界”。

The Press Conference 记者招待会21.present:出席的，在场的 be present at the conference.22.preserve:n. 权利，所专有的东西 special preserves 特殊的权利25.program:“教学或其他重要的活动和项目”。

26.project:作为名词的含义是“ 大型建设项目”，与program “大型活动性项目”正好相对。

27.promise:动词是“有前途，有指望”，因此“ promising ”是形容词，“有前途的”含义。

28.prompt:“敦促，鼓励”。

29.propose:动词是“提议”，比如“ propose a toast ”是“提议大家干一杯”。

30.provided that:连词，“只要”。

31.province n. 领域，范围34.panel n. 面，板；控制板，仪表盘；专门小组 Judge panel 裁判团。

英语一词多义的词语100个work 工作，作品expect 预计预料期待盼望time 时间，次数，倍数patient 耐心的，病人treasure 财富，珍惜treat 对待，治疗occupy 占领，使忙于apply 申请，应用，把……涂……act 一幕，表现，行为fair 公平的，集市pretty 秀丽的，很，非常enter 进入，参加wicked 缺德的，很棒的cool 凉爽的，酷的as 当，因为，作为，按照copy 一份，复制，拷贝own 自己的，拥有fan 粉丝，扇子stamp 邮票，跺脚just 仅仅，只是刚刚glass 玻璃，玻璃杯square 平方的，广场about 大约，关于introduction 引进，采用，推行stick 树枝，粘贴show 展示，节目present 礼物，颁发，目前character 人物，角色，汉字figure 数字，人物，身材，认为approach 靠近，方法suit 一套衣服，适合observe 庆祝，注意到，观察到stress 重音，压力强调seat 座位使就座容纳position 位置，职位stand 站立，货摊，忍受mine 我的矿井，采矿channel 海峡，频道desert 沙漠，遗弃master 硕士，大师，精通，掌握degree 度数，学位compose 组成，作曲favor 较喜欢有利于n 帮助支持shade 色度，阴凉处step 脚步，台阶，措施folk 民间的民俗的人们，大伙motion 运动，提议，手势abstract 抽象的，摘要，概要distant 遥远的，心不在焉的natural 大自然的，正常的wonder 奇观，好奇，想知道sign 迹象，招牌，签字remain 停留，仍然deliver 递送，发表over 结束，超过lie 躺着，谎言will 将要，意志realize 意识到，实现rest 休息，其余的operate 手术，操作miss 想念，未出现simply 简单地，仅仅，只manage 设法做成，管理order 命令，秩序，点菜，订购rule 规则，统治deal 协议，处理point 分数，观点，指向result 产生，结果cause 起因，导致fix 修理，固定review 复习，评论memory 记忆，内存break 休息，打破form 形式，表格，形成direct 直接的，v 导演fly 飞，苍蝇relative 相对的，亲戚subject 主题，科目jam 果酱，堵塞concern 忧虑，担心，牵连，涉及tear 眼泪，撕扯contribute 捐赠，投稿press 按压新闻界seal 密封海豹crowd 人群，拥挤league 里格，联赛charge 负责，充电，要价claim 宣称，（战争，事故等）夺去生命lap (坐着时的)大腿跑道的一圈sound 声音，听起来sight 景色，视力commit 投入，花费，承诺board 板子，寄宿digest 消化，摘要，文摘access 通路，入口v 进入，使用访问equip 装备，配备，使有能力solid 坚实的，固体adapt 适应，改编adopt 收养，采纳ticket 车票，罚单process 过程，处理。

一词多义一词多义（polysemy）是语言的普遍现象。

在英语中，除了术语以外，单义词（monosemic words）是很少的；多数的词都是多义词（polysemic words），而且在名词、动词、形容词、副词中，往往词的使用频率越高，词义就越多，它的生命力就越强。

《牛津英语词典》中get一词的义项竟达150多个。

多义词的各个词义尽管纷繁复杂，但还是构成一定的关系，主要有：原始意义与引申意义，普遍意义与特殊意义，抽象意义与具体意义，字面意义与比喻意义。

因此，根据不同语境正确选词是翻译的一项最基本技能。

英译汉例子：1) He got all the credit for the discovery.2) The ledger shows 300 pounds on the debit side and 50 pounds on the credit side.3) The availability of cheap long term credit would help small businesses.4) They sold grain on credit during time of famine.5) How much do I have to my credit?6) They cannot obtain credit at all in the trade.7) They have opened the covering credit with the Bank of China, London. 以上七个句子都包含有“credit”这个词，但每个句子中“credit”，其词义都有所区别：1）他由于这项发现而获得各种荣誉。

2）从分类帐上可以看出，发生金额借方300英镑，贷方50英镑。

3）低息长期贷款可以扶持小型企业。

4）饥荒季节，他们则赊销粮食。

5）我们银行户头上还有多少存款？6）他们生意信誉已荡然无存。

【致胜中考2021】一轮复习:七下U10 词汇+语法讲解【单词默写】【单词变形】【单词变性】different形容词变名词_______________ lucky形容词变名词_______________ special形容词变副词_______________【一词多义】1. large ____________ ____________China has a large population of 1.4 billion.A large ball gets in my way.2. if _____________ ______________If it rains tomorrow, we won’t go out.I want know if it will rain tomorrow.3. order ____________ ___________ ____________Can I have your order please?The command orders that we should stop here for a rest.The books on the shelf are in order.4. answer ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________The student quickly answered the question.I rang last night, but nobody answered.I don't know the answer to the question.Can anyone answer the phone?【词汇用法】1. different: adj./be different from2. yet: adv./用于现在完成时/not…yet3. if: conj./主将从现/主情从现/主祈从现/宾语从句连接词4. age: 表示年龄:20几岁: _______________ _________________ ________________ ____________________ ________________5. blow: v./blow out the candle【攻占语法】情态动词(would)一、would 的意思:1. 与will的关系: ___________________________2. 用于___________________________时3. 在现在时中表示________________________The price of Iphone would be expensive二、would的搭配1) would rather do2) would you like to do3) would you please4) would you like something to drink?三、would的用法1. 表示请求时的委婉语气，希望得到对方的肯定回答Would you pass me some salt please?2. 表示一般现在时，表示通常的情况The price of Iphone would be expensive3. 在宾语从句中，主句为一般过去时时，一般将来时相对应的过去时态He said that he would come here before nine.【词汇练习】1.The number of the candles is the person’s a ________.2.I called you last night, but you wasn’t in, your mother a ________ the phone.3.Jason likes meat very much, like b ________, pork and fish.4.There was a storm yesterday evening and the wind b ________ down several big trees.5.Do you like c ________? We all know rabbits love them.6.Without the power, we lit the c ________ and they lit the room.7.In some ways my sister and I look the same, but in some ways we look d ________.8.There are all kinds of f ________ in the sea. I’m really interested in them.9.They are very clever and they often have many great i ________.10.Which country has the l ________ population, China, India or Russia?11.If anyone eat a cake with the candy in the UK, he or she will be l ________.12.In China, we like eating n ________ on birthday because they mean long life.13.Sue is busy so she o ________ some fast food and has a quick lunch.14.Baseball is more p ________ than any other sport in Japan. Japanese people like it best.15.The skirts come in three s ________, small, medium and large.16.The second Sunday in May is s ________ for mothers because it is Mother’s Day.17.In 1916, the United States started the w___________ first national park system. Then many other countriesfollowed.18.Sorry, I don’t know how to find a way to solve the problem y ________.19.Carol is b ________ out all the candles in one go, I think her wish will come true.20.What would people like to eat on New Year’s Day? The a ________would be different.【语法练习】1.Days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but ______say where he was.A. mustn'tB. shouldn'tC. wouldn'tD. mightn't2.—Why didn’t you come to Simon’s party last night?— I wanted to, but my mom simply _________ not let me out so late at night.A. couldB. mightC. wouldD. should3.John promised his doctor he not smoke, and he has never smoked ever since.A. mightB. shouldC. couldD. would4.The door open , no matter how hard she pushed.A. shouldn’tB. couldn'tC. wouldn'tD. mightn't5.I still remember my happy childhood when my mother ______ take me to Disneyland at weekends.A. mightB. mustC. wouldD. should【参考答案】意思单词词性意思单词词性不同的different adj.想法，主意idea n.大号的，大的large adj.(可食用的)肉meat n.幸运的lucky adj.羊肉mutton n.受欢迎的，普遍的popular adj.面条noodle n.特别的，特殊的special adj.洋葱onion n.yet adv.烙饼，薄饼pancake n. (常用语否定句或疑问句)还，仍然如果if conj.粥，面糊porridge n. (表示愿意) 愿意would modal v.土豆，马铃薯potato n.年龄age n.大小，尺码size n.答案answer n.特色菜，特价品special n.牛肉beef n.英国the UK n.碗bowl n.豆腐tofu n.different形容词变名词difference lucky形容词变名词luck special形容词变副词specially1. large 大的大的China has a large population of 1.4 billion.A large ball gets in my way.2. if 如果是否If it rains tomorrow, we won’t go out.I want know if it will rain tomorrow.3. order 菜单命令顺序Can I have your order please?The command orders that we should stop here for a rest. The books on the shelf are in order.4. answer 回答应门答案接电话The student quickly answered the question.I rang last night, but nobody answered.I don't know the answer to the question.Can anyone answer the phone?【词汇用法】4. age: 表示年龄:20几岁: in one’s twenties, when I was 20, on my twentieth birthday, at the age of twenty一、would 的意思:1. 与will的关系: will 的过去式2. 用于过去将来时3. 在现在时中表示会The price of Iphone would be expensive【词汇练习】Age answered beef blew carrots candles different fishes ideas largest lucky noodles orders popular size special world’s yet blowing answer【语法练习】CCDCC。

初中英语核心单词解析之work一词多义与常考短语学生初中英语学习问题安老师您好，考试总是被这个词困惑住，请问单词work的考点是什么，可数名词和不可数分别有哪些应用？多谢。

安颖老师答疑安颖老师：您好，我把这个单词给您做一个梳理。

单词work核心考点与一词多义：work n.工作;劳动;作品,著作;工厂v.工作,用功;生效;运转短语: work out=figure out解决,计算出;实现;制定出;弄懂;锻炼out of work=lay off失业,下岗The phoneisn’t working.这部电话坏了。

The pills the doctor gave me aren’t working.医生给我的药片不管事。

She’s an artist whose work I really admire.她这位艺术家的作品令我赞赏不已。

I work out regularly to keep fit.我经常锻炼以保持健康。

I couldn’t work out the problem.我解决不了这个问题。

I’ve never been able to work her out.我从未能弄懂她的秉性。

He was out of work when the factory closed.他在工厂倒闭后失业了。

初中英语词汇的深入理解与记忆一直困扰着同学们。

很多同学英语学不好，就是词汇量不过关，一篇阅读文章有太多单词、固定搭配不知道啥意思，或作文会说不会写，像考高分是不可能的。

我把我写的辅导书初中英语自诊断推荐给同学们。

在这本书中我把中考英语最常考的最核心的五百词汇做了整理，而且每个词我都录制了视频，扫单词旁码即可查看我的讲解。

视频中我会详细与同学们解析，这个单词有多少个意思，有几种固定搭配，有哪些典型例句，这个词和哪些词拼写相似，容易混淆。

除了核心词汇与固定搭配的梳理外，初中英语自诊断这本书还配有供同学们演练的典型题，通过阅读理解和完形填空来帮同学们进一步巩固强化词汇，并提高阅读分析和判断能力。

常用英语一词多义in the absent of 缺少，没有be absorbed in 专心从事abuse v. 辱骂，过量使用have access to 可以获得或使用account n. 解释，解说，叙述account for 解释说明in action 起作用adapt v. （将某个领域的研究成果）应用于（另一领域）address sb. 对某人说话，发言adopt v. 收养advocate n. 倡导者agree with 适合，使觉得舒适allow sb. to do 让某人做某事ambitious adj. （中性）野心或雄心anchor v. 定位，固定appeal to 吸引appeal to (court) 上诉apply v. 涂抹，申请，应用approach n. 方法, 解决处理办法acquisition n. （企业）兼并argue v. 认为argue for 支持argue against 反对argument n. 观点arrest v. 吸引（注意力等）art n. 技术，技艺associate v. 联想assume v. 承担（任务，角色等）attachment n. 依恋，依赖attend to sb. 伺候，照顾authorities n. 政府，（由上下文决定的）最高机构bargain v. 讨价还价bargain v. 物超所值的商品American based adj. 位于美国，总部在美国的bear v. 装载bearing v. 方向best v. 优于，胜过better v. 优于，胜过beyond prep. 无法…bid v. 命令，bid n. 企图board n. 委员会boast v. 以…著称，拥有bold v. 粗体（字）boom v. 兴旺发达be born to do 天生be bound to 一定bridge the gap 缩短差距by accident 偶然的by chance 偶然的campaign n. （有益的大型）活动at capacity 全速，完全地capture v. 吸引cast v. 投掷，铸造challenge v. 提出疑问challenging adj. 不服权威的chance n. 偶然性channel v. 引导charge n. 费用，电流be in charge 负责check v. 阻止，遏止chip n. 芯片claim v. 要…的命climate n. 风气，风俗coach n. 长途客车，教练code n. 法规，规则colony n. （微生物）群command v. 掌握，通晓，负责be committed to sth 决心做某事commitment n. 决心community n. 社会，（学术）界company n. 同伴composition n. 作文，成分be conditioned to 被限制在conduct v. 做（有益的事）confidential adj. 机密的constitution n. 组成（成分），宪法be content with 满足于contract v. 得（急病）convention n. 惯例，公约copy v. 模仿，效仿corner v. 追问，围追堵截count v. 算数，起作用count on 指望course n. （河流）路径court v. 追求credit v. 归功于cross adj. 生气的cushion v. 缓解，减轻cut v. 削减cut and dried 顺手做的far cry 相差甚远damage n. 赔偿金date v. （男女之间的）约会dawn n. 开始decode v. 理解degree n. 程度deliberate v. 沉思deliver v. 送货上门，做（演讲）deposit n. 存款，押金desert v. 抛弃deserted adj. 荒无人烟的detached adj. 超然物外的digest v. 理解direct v. 指导，命令discipline n. 学科disorder n. （身心，机能）失调，轻病dispose v. 处理（废物）disposal n. 垃圾document v. 记录dramatically adv. 剧烈地，大幅度的drastically adv. 大幅度的drive n. 动力drily adv. 冷冰冰地due adj. 到期duty n. 关税dwell upon 深思easy adj. 安逸舒适的economy n. 节约effect v. 产生，导致engage sb. 雇佣be entitled to sth. 享有escape n. 远离喧嚣establish v. 公认establishment n. 机构，建筑物in the event of 如果evident adj. 明显的execute v. 执行exhaust v. 耗尽（自然资源）expense n. 代价be expert in 精通be exposed to 接触fabricate v. 编造faculty n. 大学全体教工，天赋fall back on 依靠feed on 以…为食figure out 计算，估计finance v. 资助flood v. 充满，充斥forge v. 伪造，塑造friendly adj. 赞成，支持fund v. 资助game n. 规则gear to 适合于get by 侥幸度过gift n. 天赋be gifted with 有…天赋give rise to 引起，引发grant n. 资助，助学金hit n. 流行一时的东西hold v. 认为horizon n. 眼界，见识in that 在于，因为on installment 分期付款institution n. 制度，机构，思维方式instrument n. 方式，手段interests n. 利益，利害关系inventory n. 存货（清单）inviting adj. 有吸引力的item n. （量词）一件（商品）juicy n. 丰富的，翔实的just adj. 公正的know down 降价lane n. （马路的）行车道launch v. 展开（大型活动）learned adj. 博学的liability n. 责任义务，倾向light adj. 清淡的，易消化的literally adv. 实际上literature n. 文献材料，印刷品live adj. 实况转播的lodge v. 提出（投诉，诉讼）long v. 渴望，盼望be at loss 不知所措maintain v. 维护，保养margin n. 余数，余量，差额marginal adj. 极小的marked adj. 显著的，明显的market v. 销售measure n. 措施in…measures 在…程度上at the mercy of 由…支配控制merit v. 值得meter n. 仪表might n. 巨大的威力mine v. 开采minister v. 管理minute adj. 微小的mouth v. 说话move n. 动议move v. 卖，销售nature n. 本质，本性negotiate v. 费力地完成net adj. 净（重，收入等）note v. 记录novel adj. 新奇的，新颖的be obliged to 不得不做observe v. 遵守，庆祝occur v. 出现office n. （公共）职务oriented adj. 以…为中心的over prep. 胜过，优于be particular about 挑剔peace n. 内心的平和，宁静perform v. 表现，执行perspective n. 观点，看法，前景piece together 拼凑pick up 不经意的学得，获得plant n. （重工业）工厂，电站policy n. 原则polish v. 雕琢，完善pose v. 造成（不好的情况）post n. 岗位，职位practically adv. 实际上practice n. 惯例，（长期一贯的）做法press n. 出版社，新闻界prime n. 鼎盛时期，青壮年时期produce n. （农副）产品profoundly adv. 非常地program n. （教学或其它）项目project v. 投射，放映promising adj. 有前途的prompt v. 敦促，鼓励race v. 运行，行进raise v. 养育，养殖rate n. 速度，比率at any rate 无论如何rear v. 抚养rear adj. 后部，后面的reason with sb. 和某人理论refined adj. 有修养的reflect v. 反映，仔细思考hold…in high regard 尊敬with regard to 就…而言regular adj. 定期的relate v. 叙述relieve v. 救济remedy n. （补救）办法remove v. 消除，撤（职）render v. 使得，给repeat v. 模仿reproduce v. 繁殖resort n. （旅游）胜地resort to 诉诸，借助respect n. 方面with respect to 关于，谈到rest on/upon 在于rewarding adj. 有收获的rich adj. 油腻的roll n. 花名册routine adj. 一成不变，无聊的rule v. 统治be saddled with 承受…的负担scale n. 秤，规模school n. （学术）流派；水生动物种群screen v. 阻挡secure v. 获得make sense 有道理make sense of 理解sensible adj. 合理的，讲道理的setting n. 背景show off 炫耀size up 估计，揣度skirt n. 边缘（地带）slim adj. （机会）微小solution n. 溶液sophisticated adj. （机械设备）复杂的sound adj. 健全的，合理的spare v. 节省出，饶恕spark v. 引发，激起spell n. 咒语, 一段时间spot n. 现场spot v. 无意发现，偶然看到stage n. 阶段stand out 显眼start v. 令…吃惊station v. 安置，驻扎stay v. 保持stem from 来自于stress v. 强调stress n. 压力stroke v. 抚摸stroke n. 中风stuff v. 塞满subject n. 被测试对象be subject to 从属于，受…制约suit n. 法律案件sympathetic adj. 有同感的tackle v. 处理，解决tailor v. 使适合于take care of 教训，处置tap v. 开发利用tell v. 显现think tank 智囊团tip v. 倾斜toast v. 庆祝by the same token 由于同样原因top adj. 最好的trade n. 手艺treat v. 请客treat n. 有乐趣的事情trim v. 少量削减uniform adj. 统一的get the upper hand 占上风value v. 重视versatile adj. 用途多的version n. （变化，不同的）形式virtually adj. 实际上wage v. 展开（战争，大运动）want v. 缺少wind up （商业活动等）结束翻译与写作常用短语精选Education 教育input in education 教育投入communal participation 社会参与enhance the moral awareness of 提高……的思想品德professional ethics 职业道德credit system 学分制guarantee job assignments 包分配multi-disciplinary 多学科的key university 重点大学national expenditure on education 国家教育经费account for…% 占百分比intercultural communication 国际文化交流equal stress on integrity and ability 德才兼备to become educated through independent study 自学成材compulsory education 普及教育preschool/elementary/secondary/higher/ education 学前/初等/中等/高等教育adult education 成人教育vocational and technical education 职业技术教育institutions of higher learning 高等学校in-service training course 在职进修班compulsory/optional course 必修/选修课record of formal schooling 学历diploma 文凭，学历证明Economy and Reform 经济与改革GNP (gross national product) 国民生产总值per capita 人均give incentive to 鼓励improve economic environment 改善经济环境rectify economic order 整顿经济秩序control inflation 控制通货膨胀invigorate enterprises 搞活企业poor management/poorly managed 管理不善primary/secondary/tertiary industry 第一/第二/第三产业foreign funded enterprises 外资企业joint venture 合资企业wholly foreign owned funded enterprises 独自企业living standard 生活水平Industry 工业fixed assets 固定资产Sino-foreign joint venture 中外合资企业autonomy in operation 经营自主deficit 亏空，赤字economic strength 经济实力total industrial and agricultural output value 工农业总产值national economic system 国民经济体系to work for more and better economic result 提高经济效益national revenue 国民收入consumption level 消费水平Foreign Trade and Special Economic Zones 对外贸易和经济特区interior areas 内地trading partner 贸易伙伴corporate income tax 企业所得税export/import duty 出口/进口关税to coordinate the development 协调发展to be approved by the state 国家批准balance of payment 收支平衡transnational corporation 跨国公司economic and technological development zone 经济技术开发区utilize foreign investment 利用外资direct foreign investment 国外直接投资to improve investment environment 改善投资环境technology and knowledge intensive project 技术密集，知识密集型项目favorable/unfavorable trade balance 顺差/逆差Women and Children 妇女儿童legal system 法制enact 制定，颁布minor 未成年人self recognition 对自我价值的认识only child 独生子女self-centered 以自我为中心的The Elderly and the Family 老人和家庭life expectancy 预期寿命to become common practice 蔚然成风well-being 幸福，福利respecting the old and loving the young 尊老爱幼Population and Family Planning 人口与计划生育incentive 鼓励，刺激curb 限制，抑制consumption 消费institute 设立，制定penalty 惩罚census 人口普查population density 人口密度densely/sparsely populated 人口稠密/稀少aging of population 人口老化family planning 计划生育to practice family planning 实行计划生育to curb population growth 控制人口增长to have fewer and but healthier children 少生优生baby boom 生育高峰Environment Protection 环境保护ecological 生态的prerequisite/precondition 先决条件sustain 维持exploit/develop 开发，利用perspective 观点，看法extinction （生物）灭绝deteriorate 恶化urbanization 都市化vegetation coverage 植物覆盖marine life 海洋生物discharge 排放to protect rare animals and plants 保护珍稀动物和植物wild animal/wild life 野生动物renewable/non-renewable resources 可更新/不可更新资源ecological balance 生态平衡natural reserve 自然保护区ecosystem 生态系统environmental pollution 环境污染integrated control of environmental pollution 环境污染综合防治afforestation 植树造林shelterbelt 防护林带soil erosion 水土流失desertification 沙化acid rain 酸雨Foreign Policies 对外政策cornerstone 基石reiterate 重申observe/abide by 遵守in compliance with 遵照open vast vistas 开辟广阔的前景confrontation 对抗to seek common grounds while reserving differences 求同存异friendly exchanges 友好往来NA TO 北约UNESCO 联合国教科文组织UN 联合国OPEC 世界石油输出国组织APEC 亚太经合组织WTO 世界贸易组织IMF 国际货币基金组织翻译与写作例句精选Education1.We must establish a socialist education system with distinct Chinese characteristics thatmeets the needs of socialist modernization and is oriented to the 21st century.我们必须建立一个适应社会主义现代化建设需要，面向二十一世纪，具有中国特色的社会主义教育体系。

一轮复习:七下U4 词汇+语法讲解【单词默写】【单词变形】【单词变性】dirty形容词变名词_________________ important形容词变名词_________________ noisy形容词变名词_________________terrible形容词变副词_________________quiet形容词变副词_________________luck名词变形容词_________________arrive动词变名词_________________feel动词变名词_________________follow动词变名词_________________keep动词变名词_________________learn动词变名词_________________listen动词变名词_________________read动词变名词_________________【一词多义】1. read ____________ _______________ __________________ Students like to read books in the library.Could you read the words for me?Mary read the degree of the use of electricity every month.There is a note on the door, which reads, “No knocking.”【词汇用法】1. important: adj./important +n./it is important for sb. to do sth.2. sorry: adj./be sorry to do sth./feel sorry to do sth./I’m sorry to hear that3. strict: adj./be strict with sb./be strict at sth./a strict teacher4. rule: n./classroom rules/traffic rules/follow the rules/break the rules/keep the rules5. arrive: v./arrive at/arrive in sp.近义词辨析: arrive vs. get to vs. reacharrive: v./arrive at/arrive in sp.get to: v./get to sp.reach: v./reach sp.6. bring: vt./bring sb. sth./bring sth. to sb.1) bring的短语:bring up_______________bring out_______________ bring in_______________2) 近义词辨析: bring vs. take vs. get vs. fetch vs. carrybring: bring sb. sth./bring sth. to sb./bring out/bring up/bring intake: take sth. to sb./sp.get: get sth. from sb./sp.fetch: fetch sth.carry: carry sth.7. feel: v./feel +adj./feel like doing sth.相关词辨析: sound vs. look vs. taste vs. smell vs. feelsound: sound+adj.look: look+adj.taste: taste+adj.smell: smell+adj.feel: feel+adj.8. follow: vt./follow sb./be followed by/follow the rules9. keep: vt./keep (on) doing sth./keep sb. from doing sth./keep+adj./keep a pet/keep sth.相关词辨析: keep vs. stay vs. remainkeep: v./keep +adj.stay: v./stay +adj.remain: v./remain +adj.近义词辨析: keep vs. borrow vs. lendkeep: vt./keep sth./表延续性意义borrow: vt./borrow sth. from sb./表借来，表短暂lend: vt./lend sth. to sb./表节奏，表短暂keep的短语:keep up_____________________keep up with____________________ keep in touch_____________________10. learn: vt./learn sth. from sb./learn sth.11. listen: vi./listen to sth.近义词辨析: sound vs. listen to vs. hearsound: v./sound +adj./表状态listen to: v./listen to sb./sth./表过程hear: v./hear sth./hear about/hear of/hear from/hear sb. do/doing sth./表结果12: remember: remember to do sth./remember doing sth.相关词辨析: stop vs. continue vs. forget vs. rememberstop: stop to do/stop doingcontinue: continue to do/continue doingforget: forget to do/forget doingremember: remember to do/remember doing13. wear: wear clothes/a necklace/a watch/a pair of glasses/a smile近义词辨析: dress vs. put on vs. wear vs. be on vs. be indress: vt./dress oneself/dress sb./be dressed in/get dressed input on: vt./put on sth./表示动作wear: vt./ wear clothes/a necklace/a watch/a pair of glasses/a smile表示状态be on: sth. be on sb.be in: sb. be in sth.14. fight: vi./fight for sb./fight against sb./fight with sb.15. practice: vi./practice doing sth.【攻占语法】句型(祈使句)1. 祈使句的形式: 以__________________________开头的句子, 或者No+doing/n.2. 祈使句的否定: 在句子前+ _____________________________________ be quiet!______________ talk loudly at school!3. 对比Jane, _______________(close) the door._________________(close) the door, Jane.Jane ____________(close) the door.4. 祈使句的反义疑问句:Be quiet, _________________________?Stop talking, ___________________________?Let’s have a party, _______________________?Let us have a party, __________________________?【词汇练习】1.We will a ________ at the train station in an hour.2.As the old saying goes, “Old habits die hard.” So start exercising b ________ it’s too late.3.As an excellent teacher, he is always trying his best to b_______ out the best in his pupils.4.Tom, your clothes are d ________. You’d better wash them.5.Julia helps her mom do the d ________ after meals every day.6.Peter has too many rules at home and at school. I know how Peter f ________.7.He often f ________ with others. People say he is not friendly.8.It’s not difficult to f ________ the rules, if you know they are helpful.9.As kids, we always f ________ for toys in the kindergarten, but now we’re pretty good friends.10.The little girl always keeps her h ________ short, just like a boy.11.Being polite to others is very i ________. It shows who you are.12.Although Martin is 70 years old, he still k ________ active in sports.13.Mother was cooking in the k ________ when I came home.14.What’s Bo doing? He is l ________ to play the guitar.15.Tom, l ________ carefully to what the teacher says.16.We have 30 books on the teacher’s desk, but there are 35 students in our class. We need 5 m ________ books.17.Who is talking n ________ right now in the classroom?18.I forgot to take o ________ the rubbish for Mum when I left home this morning.19.When we go o ________, we often take cameras to take photos.20.Remember to p ________ speaking English every day.21.Don’t talk, Alan. You must be q ________ in the library.22.People can enjoy r ________ many books online with the first “WeChat library” in Hangzhou.23.We have too much homework to do every day. But after that, we can r ________.24.R ________ to call 110 when you are in danger.25.Remember the r ________, and don't break them.26.I’m very s ________ for using your computer without asking.27.My father is s ________ with me, but I love him and listen to him.28.I am t________ sorry for what I have done.29.It’s Sunday today, so you don’t need to wear your school u ________.30.The little girl’s always w ________ a dress in the summer. She doesn’t like trousers.【语法练习】1._____ (check)your composition carefully, and some spelling mistakes can be avoided.2.____(keep) the window open, it’s so hot in the room.3._______ (find) ways to get on well with your classmates, or you will get yourself very lonely.4._____ (work) hard and you’ll make progress in English.5.________ (let) me go! It’s of importance for me.6.______(try) your best, I think, and you can work out the problem easily.7.Jane, ______________(work) hard and you’ll make great progress in English.8.Mark, _______________(dress) yourself quickly. It’s time for school.9.Mary ________________(take) her homework to school.10.Hey, Little boy, _______________(pick) up that rubbish.【参考答案】dirty形容词变名词dirtimportant形容词变名词importancenoisy形容词变名词noiseterrible形容词变副词terriblyquiet形容词变副词quietlyluck名词变形容词luckyarrive动词变名词arrivalfeel动词变名词feelingfollow动词变名词followingkeep动词变名词keeperlearn动词变名词learnerlisten动词变名词listenerread动词变名词reader1. read 阅读朗读读数写着Students like to read books in the library.Could you read the words for me?Mary read the degree of the use of electricity every month. There is a note on the door, which reads, “No knocking.”6. bring: vt./bring sb. sth./bring sth. to sb.1) bring的短语:bring up抚养长大bring out带出来bring in引进9. keep: vt./keep (on) doing sth./keep sb. from doing sth./keep+adj./keep a pet/keep sth.相关词辨析: keep vs. stay vs. remainkeep: v./keep +adj.stay: v./stay +adj.remain: v./remain +adj.近义词辨析: keep vs. borrow vs. lendkeep: vt./keep sth./表延续性意义borrow: vt./borrow sth. from sb./表借来，表短暂lend: vt./lend sth. to sb./表节奏，表短暂keep的短语:keep up坚持keep up with与某人并驾齐驱keep in touch保持联系1. 祈使句的形式: 以动词原形开头的句子, 或者No+doing/n.2. 祈使句的否定: 在句子前+ don’tDon’t be quiet!Don’t talk loudly at school!3. 对比Jane, close(close) the door.Close close) the door, Jane.Jane closes(close) the door.4. 祈使句的反义疑问句:Be quiet, don’t you?Stop talking, don’t you?Let’s have a party, shall we?Let us have a party, will you?【词语练习】Arrive before bring dirty dishes feels fights follow fought hair important keeps kitchen learning listen more nosily out outside practice quiet reading relax remember sorry strict terribly uniform wears【语法练习】Check Keep Find Work Let Try Work Dress takes pick。