定语及定语从句
一，定语
句子中修饰名词或代词的成分叫做定语。
定语可以由形容词，名词，不定式，分词，动名词或从句来充当。
eg: She is a beautiful girl. （形容词）
I met someone funny on my way to Beijing. （形容词）（修饰不定代词的定语后置）
He is an English teacher. （名词）
（名词作定语时一般用单数，例外的有sports, 如a sports star）
I have a lot of work to do. （不定式）
The book written by a schoolboy is very popular now. （过去分词短语）
We can see the rising sun. （现在分词）= the sun is rising.
He is in the reading room. (动名词) = the room for reading
The boy who broke the window is Tom’s brother. （从句）
注意：1.形容词作定语一般放在所修饰的词前面；但当形容词修饰的是something, anything, everything, nothing, someone, everyone, everybody, somewhere等不定代词时，要放在这些词的后面。
present (在场的), absent (缺席的)作定语时需要后置。students present / absent
2. 不定式做定语通常要放在被修饰的词后。
3 分词作定语时，即可放在所修饰词前，也可放在所修饰词后
1）分词前置：单独的一个分词作定语，一般放在所修饰词前。
He is a retired worker.他是位退休的工人
2）分词后置分词在以下情况，放在所修饰词的后面
i. 分词词组； There was a girl sitting there.有个女孩坐在那里
ii. 个别分词如given, left；
This is the question given.这是所给的问题
iii. 修饰不定代词something等
There is nothing interesting.没有有趣的东西
过去分词作定语与其修饰的词是被动关系，相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。
Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists.
= Most of the people who were invited to the party were from South Africa
二，定语从句（Attributive Clauses）
在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。
关系副词有：when, where, why等。
I like the books that are written by Mr. Green.
先行词关系词
A．关系词：
关系词通常有三个作用：引导定语从句，指代先行词，在定语从句中充当句子成分。
Anyone who breaks the law will surely be punished.
1. 先行词指人时，定语从句的引导词：
（1）指人时，who和that都可以使用.
（2）who和whom都可以作定语从句宾语，但从句中的介词提前时，不能用who.
He is the man who / whom I talked to you about.
= He is the man about whom I talked to you.
（3）先行词是人时，只用who,不用或少用that的情况：
a. 当先行词是one, ones, anyone时，引导定语从句的关系词一般只用who, 不用that
如果先行词是someone, 也可用that
He is not one who is easily frightened.
I think Joe is the one who borrowed my peo.
The ones who tell lies won’t gain others’ trust.
Anyone who saw the accident should phone the police.
Someone who / that claims to be your uncle wants to see you.
b. 先行词是those时，关系代词一般用who不用that
Those who don’t wish to go need not go.
c. There be 句型中，修饰人的定语从句的关系代词一般只用who来引导
There is a certain old man in the village who none of us likes.
d. 若一个句子中有两个定语从句，第一个已经用that, 则第二个一般用who
The man that is talking with our teacher is the professor who gave us a
report yesterday.
e. 当定语从句与先行词较远时，引导定语从句的关系代词一般只用who
I came across my first teacher in the store yesterday who was still
beautiful.
f 非限定性定语从句只用who来引导, 不用that
He has a son, who is a doctor.
（4）当先行词是人，只用that不用who的情况：
a. 以who开头的特殊疑问句，定语从句的先行词如果是人，关系代词只用that不用who
Who is the girl that said hello to you just now?
b. 当先行词既有人也有物时，定语从句只用that来引导
They ofter talk about the person and things that they remember.
c. 当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时，只用that来引导
He’s c hanged. He is not the man that he was.
d. 当先行词被形容词的最高级修饰时，只用that.
This is the most beautiful lady that I have ever met.
e. 当先行词是other时，定语从句只用that 引导。
You can ask the old man or any other that was there at the time.
2. 先行词是物时that和which一般可以互换使用，但有时不可换用。
（1）下列场合一般用that:
a. 先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, the
one, none等不定代词
We should do all that is useful to the people.
The little that I have seen of his work is satisfactory.
b. 先行词被序数词，形容词最高级以及first, last, any, only, few, much, no,
some, very等词修饰
The first book that I bought in this bookstore is a dictionary.
The last person that I talked with in London is my girlfriend
The best teacher that I have ever met has gone abroad
You can take any seat that is vacant.
c. 先行词有两个：一个指人，另一个指物
I miss all the people and places that we visited last summer
d. 主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句。
e. There be 句型中，There is a seat in the corner that is free.
f. 先行词为数词时
Three buildings have been completed, but there are two that are still
under construction.
（2）下列场合不能用that
a. 在非限定性定语从句中，即逗号后的定语从句不用that引导，指人时用who或whom, 指
物时用which.
b. 在“介词+ 关系代词”结构中不用that, 指人时用whom, 指物时用which.
This is the book about which we are talking.
c. 先行词为that, those时，关系词用which指物，who指人
What’s that which you have got in your hand?
d. 两个定语从句，一个用了that, 另一个则用which.
Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which was
newly open to us.
e. 关系代词后有插入语时，只用which
Here are some stamps which – I think – you can take away.
3. 当关系词在从句中作宾语时，关系词可以省略。
4. 当先行词指时间，地点，原因（the reason）时，且关系词在从句中作状语，用when,
where, why
如果关系词在从句中作主语，表语或宾语，则用that 或which.
I want to visit the place where my mother was born.
= I want to visit the place in which my mother was born.
I still remember the years when I studied in the middle school.
= I still remember the years in which I studied in the middle school.
I don’t know the reason why he didn’t agree with us.
= I didn’t know the reason for which he didn’t agree with us.
5. 当先行词是the way, 并且关系词在从句中作方式状语时，可以用that, in which引导，也可
省略。
最新初中英语定语从句试题经典 一、定语从句 1．–Why are you so worried? -I’ve lost the watch ______ my dad bought me on my birthday. A．what B．who C．whose D．which 【答案】D 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】 句意：——你为什么如此担心？——我把那块我生日时爸爸买给我的手表弄丢了。考查定语从句，先行词是watch表示物，故关系代词只能用which或that；what不引导定语从句；who的先行词是人；whose表示所属；故选D。 2．The last place _______ we visited was Chaoshan Custom Museum. A．where B．that C．when D．why 【答案】B 【解析】 句意：我们参观的最后一个地方是潮汕风俗博物馆。根据句子结构可知，这里考查的是定语从句，where关系副词，指地点；that关系代词，先行词为物；when关系副词，指时间；why关系副词，指原因。定语从句中visited后缺少宾语，故应填关系代词，选B。 3．Do you have books about famous scientists ________ are suitable for children to read? A．what B．which C．who D．whom 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意“你有关于科学家方面的适合小孩子读的书吗？”。本题考查定语从句。A.定语从句中没有what；B.which指物，在从句中作主语和宾语；C.who指人，在从句中作主语和宾语； D.whom指人，在从句中作宾语。根据句意可知，先行词为books指物，在从句中作主语，故选B。 4．This is the dictionary ________ Mum gave me for my birthday. A．which B．what C．whose D．whom 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 句意：这是那本母亲给我作为生日礼物的字典。这里是定语从句，先行词是为物时用
高中定语从句详细讲解 （一）定义 1．定语从句：修饰某一或的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。例：The boy who is clever is Tom. 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有 that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why 关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。例如： The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句 中，是定语从句，修饰先行词，是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词 the man，在定语从句中作。 （二）关系代词引导的定语从句 1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。 Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了 一位迷路的老人。 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的 男孩是一班的。 先行词: 关系词: 定语从句:
Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomo rrow morning. 想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。 先行词: 关系词: 定语从句: 运用定语从句翻译: That is the teacher 那就是教我们英语的老师。2．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。 Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。 The girl ( whom ) the teacher often praises is our monitor. 老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的班长。 翻译: Li Ming is just the boy. 李明正是我想要见的男孩。 The professor has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。 注意：关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替，也可省略。 The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend. 3．Which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜
定语从句 定义 1. 定语从句：在复合句中（一个句子的某一成分由句子充当），修饰某一名词或代词的从句；在句中起定语的作用。 两个首先必须明确的概念：先行词和关系词 Kung Fu Panda is the best cartoon movie (先行词) that/which (关系词) I have watched this year. 关系词分类关系代词： 关系副词： 关系代词的用法 (1) that, which, who的用法 关系代词例句 that在从句中做主语或者宾语(后者可省略) 指___ 1)___________________________________. 2)___________________________________. 指___ 1) ___________________________________. 2) ___________________________________. which在从句中做主语或者宾语(后者可省略) 指___ 1)___________________________________. 2)___________________________________. who在从句中可以做主语或宾语（后者可省略）指___ 1)___________________________________. 2)___________________________________. Whom在从句中做宾语（可 省略） 指人 (2) whose的用法 关系代词whose为关系代词who的所有格形式，用作名词的限定语。 先行词既可为人，也可为物。 如：The girl whose English is very good wrote the novel. Whose=of which 指人的时候 Whose=of whom 指物的时候 例句 1: To those who have been injured, happiness can simply mean a day without pain. 2: The person whom/who my teacher is talking to is my father. 3: I like reading books which were written by O. Henry. 4: I enjoyed the movie which you recommend to me. 5: Their snowy mountaintops form a beautiful picture that surprises him a lot.
高考英语最新定语从句知识点真题汇编附答案 一、选择题 1．I saw a man shouting at a driver, ________ the car is blocking the street. A．whose B．of whom C．of which D．whom 2．Until now, we have raised 100,000 pounds for the poor children, ___________ is quite unexpected. A．that B．which C．who D．it 3．Take an active part in programs you enjoy______you can meet various kinds of people. A．what B．when C．that D．where 4．Optimism is the essential ingredient of top performers,__________we assume separates the high achievers from the rest. A．as B．who C．which D．that 5．The background music is such wonderful music _______ is played in the background to put you in a particular mood. A．what B．that C．as D．which 6．Claims, if any, must be made within 30 days, _____ no claims will be accepted. A．without which B．for which C．during which D．after which 7．He bought a new building _____top is different from those of the others around. A．what B．which C．that D．whose 8．My brother bought a telescope, ______ he could study the star in the night sky. A．of which B．through which C．in which D．on which 9．Sales director is a position _______ communication ability is just as important as sales. A．which B．that C．when D．where 10．We came to a place ______ they had never paid a visit before. A．in which B．to which C．what D．which 11．He pointed out such a crucial detail about the experiment ______ we could never neglect. A．as B．that C．where D．when 12．The reason ________ he didn’t come to school on time is ________ he had to take care of his sick brother at home. A．That; because B．that; that C．why; because D．why; that 13．Allen is good at seizing every opportunity ____ he thinks he can show his best self to others. A．when B．that C．where D．which 14．We won’t forget the heroes ________ lost their lives while fighting against a forest fire. A．who B．whose C．when D．why 15．You were really between a rock and a hard place ______ you had to choose between your career and your relationship. A．when B．where C．before D．until 16．I don't think he is the suitable person，for he____experience，____is essential for the job. A．lacks；which B．lacking；as C．lacks of；which D．lacked；that 17．The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work ________ a good impression is a must.
定语从句 1.1 定语从句的两个重要概念：先行词和关系词： 先行词：被定语从句所修饰的对象称为先行词。 关系词：重复指代先行词，起连接主句和从句的作用，并且在定语从句中充当一定成分的连接词称为关系词。关系词有两个作用： 1.代词的作用：重复指代先行词并且在定语从句中充当一定成分，比如I don’t like people who never keep their word.中的who指代people并且作从句的主语。 2.连接作用：即连接主句和从句，如上句who起着连接主句I don’t like people和从句who never keep their word 的作用 1.2 关系词在定语从句充当的成分 在上一节中，在谈到关系词的“代词作用”时，提到它“重复指代先行词并且在定语从句中充当一定的成分”。因此接下来的分析思路是，以关系词为出发点，从两个角度来谈定语从句：一是关系词在从句中所能充当的各种不同成分；二是关系词与先行词的对应关系，即不同的先行词要由不同的关系词来指代。 1.2.1 关系词用作从句的主语 1. I like guys and they have a good sense of humor. ↓ 2. I like guys w h o have a good sense of humor. 点睛：这里的关系词who取代and they，来引导定语从句who have a good sense of humor,修饰名词guys。这个guys就是先行词。 翻译：我喜欢有幽默感的男生。 3. Anger is a thief who steals away the nice moments. 翻译：愤怒就如同一个窃贼，盗取了我们的幸福时光。 4. He who is not handsome at twenty, nor strong at thirty, nor rich at forty, nor wise at fifty, will never be handsome, rich or wise. 翻译：一个人若在20岁时不俊美，30岁不健康，40岁不富有，50岁时不明智，那么他将永远不会拥有这些。 5. There is this difference between happiness and wisdom: the person who thinks himself the happiest man really is so ; but the person who thinks himself the wisest is generally the greatest fool. 翻译：幸福与智慧区别于此：认为自己是最幸福的，他真的就是最幸福的；而认为自己是最有智慧的，他却往往是最大的傻瓜。 6. Of course I am not talking about easy-come-easy-go friendship. I’m talking about friends who care deeply about each other, who support each other, who make life worth living. 翻译：当然了，我这里所说的的友谊不是那种“来的快去的也快”的泛泛之交，而是那种彼此之间能真正互相关心的朋友，就能够互相支持的朋友，能够让你的人生更有意义的朋友。 1.2.2 关系词用作从句动词的宾语（relative pronoun as object of verb） 关系词除了像上面讨论的在定语从句中作主语外，还可以在从句中作宾语。
BOOK V Module Six Grammar The Relative Clause 课时: 1 编写人：高二英语组审核人: 编号: 6-4 学习目标：复习定语从句及其用法。 1、关系词的应用。 2、关系代词which和that的用法。 3、关系代词which和as的用法 4、介词加关系代词的用法。 5、关系代词和副词的选择。 考点一：关系词的基本用法 导学探究 I.用适当的关系词完成下面的句子，认真体会关系词的意义和用法。 1.Have you ever been to Hangzhou, _____ is famous for the West Lake? 2.Do you still remember the place ____ we visited the painting exhibition? 3.This is the very novel ____ we’ve talked about so much. 4.This is Mr.John ____ son I met in the street yesterday. 5.This is Mr.John ____is teaching in our school. 6.This is the reason _____ the place is always full of women and children. 7.Winter is the time of the year ____ the days are short and nights are long. 8.The girl with ____ he fell in love left him after a few weeks.. 9.Don’t read such books _____ you can’t understand. 10.____ is known to us all, he is a famous film star in the 1980s. 总结：你用到的关系代词： 关系副词： II. 单句改错: 1.Let me have a look at the dictionary that you bought it yesterday. 2.This is the house where I lived in two years ago. 3.Nobody wants the house which roof has fallen in. 4.Guilin is a city where has a history of 2,000 years. 5.She is the only one among us that know French. 6.This is the teacher whom we have learnt a lot. 7.Which we know, more than seventy percent of the earth is covered with water. 8.I don’t like the way which you speak to your mother. 9.It is all what they need for the experiment. 10.The theatre that Lincon was shot is in Washington.D.C. III. 用定语从句连接两个句子，并使意义不变。 1.A girl was injured in the accident. She is now in hospital. The girl ______________________________________________________. 2.A waitress served us. She was very impolite and impatient. The ______________________________________________________________. 3.We saw some people. Their car had broken down. We _________________________________________________________________. 4.We stayed in a hotel. It wasn’t very clean. We _________________________________________________________________.
定语从句 定义 1. 定语从句：在复合句中（一个句子的某一成分由句子充当），修饰某一名词或代词的从句；在句中起定语的作用。 两个首先必须明确的概念：先行词和关系词 Kung Fu Panda is the best cartoon movie (先行词) that/which (关系词) I have watched this 关系代词的用法 (1) that, which, who 的用法 (2) whose 的用法 关系代词whose 为关系代词who 先行词既可为人，也可为物。 如：The girl whose English is very good wrote the novel. Whose=of which 指人的时候 Whose=of whom 指物的时候 例句 1: To those who have been injured, happiness can simply mean a day without pain. 2: The person whom/who my teacher is talking to is my father . 3: I like reading books which were written by O. Henry. 4: I enjoyed the movie which you recommend to me. 5: Their snowy mountaintops form a beautiful picture that surprises him a lot.
6: There are many things that everyone can do to help stop pollution. 7: Don’t get too close to the house whose roof is being repaired. 8: Sam got an e-mail from the woman whose house we visited last week. 由关系副词引导 when在从句中作时间状语、where 在从句中作地点状、why在从句中作原因状语。 1) This was a time when the two countries were at war. 2) Ancient China was a place where states were often at war with each other. 3) This is the reason why he came late to school. ◎如何判断关系代词和关系副词 This is the city I was born. This is the city I visited last year. ◎关系副词与“介词+ which”结构关系： why = for which where = in/ at/ on which when = during/ on/ in which e.g.: O ctober 1, 1949 was the day when the People’s Republic of China was founded. Experience is a school from which you will never graduate. Each of us has a purpose for which we were created. 非限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句起到补充说明作用，缺失也不会影响全句的理解，在非限制性定语从句的前面往往有逗号隔。 Ann received an album from Justin, which surprised her a lot. It is necessary to suggest the existence of an biological clock, which in some way measures and controls the aging process. ◎限制性定语和非限制性定语从句的区别 1: 非限制性定语从句中先行词跟定语从句用逗号隔开，限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，一般不加逗号。 2：He has a brother who is a singer. He has a brother, who is a singer. 3：Ann bought an album, which costed her 100Yuan. Ann bought a lot of albums, which made her mother very furious. Fathers spend less time in housework and childcare, which is regarded by some scientists as a major cause for the stress of employed mothers. 4：引导词的区别 5: 相关考点 I have a lot of friends, some of whom we have not seen each other for a log time. There is a hole, through which I can see everything in that room. ◎由As 作为关系代词引导的定语从句 1）用于限制性定语从句： It’s the same person as we wanted to find yesterday. There is such a warm house as we want to live in Such...as the same ....as 像...一样的和...同样的 2) 引导非限制性定语从句 As we all know, Chinese government is terrible.
最新英语定语从句练习题20篇(1) 一、定语从句 1．--Which is your new neighbor, Liu Hua? --The man _______ T-shirt is red. A．that B．who C．which D．whose 【答案】D 【解析】 【分析】 考点：考查连词辨析。 【详解】 试题分析：句意：——李华，哪个是你的新邻居？——T恤是红色的那个男士。男士的T 恤，表示所有关系，用关系词whose，故选D。 2．This is the dictionary ________ Mum gave me for my birthday. A．which B．what C．whose D．whom 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 句意：这是那本母亲给我作为生日礼物的字典。这里是定语从句，先行词是为物时用which；what不能引导定语从句；先行词指人时用who；当先行词为物主代词时用whose。本题先行词为dictionary，字典是物，所以用关系词which。故选A。 3．-Have you found the information about the famous people ______ you can use for the report? -Not yet. I’ll search some on the Internet. A．who B．what C．whom D．which 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：——你有没有找到一些能够用于报告的名人的信息？——还没有。我将在网上搜索 一些。 考查定语从句。本句先行词information是物，在定语从句中作宾语，故用关系代词which 或that引导定语从句，所以选D。 4．I will never forget the fire ______________ happened in Shanghai last year. A．when B．where C．what D．which 【答案】D
高考英语最新定语从句知识点真题汇编 一、选择题 1．In China, “mythical creatures” is used to describe troublesome schoolchildren ________ behaviors drive their parents crazy. A．whose B．when C．who D．of whom 2．You'll find taxis waiting at the bus station ________ you can hire to reach your host family. A．which B．where C．when D．as 3．Newton is shown as a gifted scientist with every human weakness stood at the point in history magic ended and science began. A．who; where B．which; where C．who; when D．which; that 4．Many nurses, ______ were retired, headed for affected areas to help. A．most of which B．most of whom C．most of them D．most of who 5．Among the many dangers__________ sailors have to face, probably the greatest of all is fog. A．which B．what C．where D．when 6．The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those lives were affected A．whose B．that C．who D．which 7．Optimism is the essential ingredient of top performers,__________we assume separates the high achievers from the rest. A．as B．who C．which D．that 8．In the darkness we felt our way forward, trying to cross the stream _______ it was shallowest. A．in which B．that C．as D．where 9．The background music is such wonderful music _______ is played in the background to put you in a particular mood. A．what B．that C．as D．which 10．They overcame some difficulties and completed the work ahead of time, ________ was something we had not expected. A．that B．which C．it D．what 11．We all have times of insecurity in life, _____ there is nothing to do but bravely face the feelings of doubt. A．which B．when C．where D．that 12．The reason ________ he didn’t come to school on time is ________ he had to take care of his sick brother at home. A．That; because B．that; that C．why; because D．why; that 13．Last week, only two people came to look at the house, _______ wanted to buy it. A．neither of them B．both of them C．none of whom D．neither of whom 14．The other two areas ________ the two varieties differ are spelling and pronunciation.
【篇一】高考英语定语从句知识点 概念引入 欣赏含有定语从句的名言： Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face. 笑是太阳，它从人们的脸上赶走冬天。 Don’t trust the first sign that you see. 不要相信你看见的第一个迹象。 All is not gold that glitters. 发光的未必都是金子。 Nothing is impossible to the man who has will. 世上无难事，只怕有心人。 God helps those who help themselves. 自助者天助。 【篇二】高考英语定语从句知识点 一、定语从句的功用和结构 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词，定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词。 This is the present that he gave me for my birthday. 这是他给我的生日礼物。 Do you know everybody who came to the party? 你认识来宴会的每一位吗？ This is the place where Chairman Mao once lived.
这是毛主席曾经居住的地方。 二、各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法 1. who 指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。 I prefer singers who can write their own lyrics. 我更喜欢能写自己歌词的歌唱家。 These are musicians who make us happy. 这些是能让我们高兴的音乐家。 People who eat a balanced diet are healthier. 平衡饮食的人是健康的。 2. whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语。 Do you know the young man (whom) we met at the gate？ 你认识我们在门口遇到的那个年轻人吗？ Mr. Lee (whom) you want to see has come. 你想见的李先生已经来了。 3. whose 指人，在定语从句中作定语。 The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today. 她妈妈病了的那个女孩今天呆在家。 I know the boy whose father is a professor. 我认识他的父亲是教授的那个男孩。 4. which指物，在定语从中作主语或宾语。 A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words. 字典是给单词释义的一本书。
最新英语定语从句答题技巧及练习题(含答案) 一、定语从句 1．This is the bike_______I lost last week. A．that B．what C．who D．whose 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：句意：这是我上周丢失的那辆自行车。此句是一个定语从句。bike为先行词，当先行词为物时，引导词应该用that/which，故答案为A。 考点：考查定语从句。 2．I like listening to music______ can touch the heart of people. A．that B．who C．where D．what 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 句意：我喜欢听能触动人心的音乐。考查定语从句引导词。what不引导定语从句，可排除。that可指人指物；who指人；where指地点。本句先行词music是物，引导词做从句的主语，需用that引导；根据句意语境，可知选A。 3．I think the film Amazing China is ________film __________I’ve ever seen. A．the most exciting;which B．more exciting;which C．more exciting;that D．the most exciting;that 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意“我认为《厉害了我的国》是我看过的最令人振奋的电影”。根据I’ve ever seen可知，第一空处用最高级，排除B和C；第二空处考查定语从句，先行词为film，且先行词被形容词最高级修饰时，用that，故选D。 【点睛】 在定语从句中先行词that和which都指物，只用that不用which的情况： 先行词为all, much, something, everything, nothing, little, none, the one时。 先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。 当先行词被the only, the very, the just修饰时。 先行词中即有人又有物时。 4．The leaders from eight countries attended the Shanghai cooperation organization summit in Qingdao got the welcome of the Chinese people. A．whom B．what C．who D．which
定语从句 预习:把下面两个简单句合并成定语从句 1.The eggs were not fresh. I bought the eggs yesterday. 2.The friend was not hungry. The friend came to supper last night. 3.He prefers the cheese. T he cheese comes from his parent’s farm. 4.The noodles were delicious. Y ou cooked the noodles 5.I don’t like the people. They smoke a lot. 一. 概念： (1) 定语从句：在主从复合句中用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧接在先行词(antecedent) 二、考点聚焦 1、功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语。 2、位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后 Those who are willing to attend the party, sign here please. 3、先行词：被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词 （1）先行词一般是名词和不定代词，如:some-, any-, every-和no与-boy, -thing 的合成词；或all、none、any、some、that、those等代词。数词也可以作先行词，人称代词也同样可作先行词。 （2）先行词与关系词是等量关系。必须注意两点： ①关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数由先行词而定。 This is the place which is worth visiting. ②关系词在从句句子中充当了成分，其意思就是先行词的意义，所以在从句中不能重复其意。 There are many places we can visit（them）in China. 4、关系词：引导定语从句的都称关系词 关系代词：who, whom, which, that, whose, as。 关系副词：when, where, why。that偶尔也作关系副词。 5、确定关系词的步骤 （1）看先行词指的是什么。 （2）看关系词在从句中所充当的成分。 练习:翻译下列句子 1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman. 2) You must do everything that I do. 3) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about. 4) The man (who/whom )you met just now is my friend. 5) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. 6) He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 7) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. 8) That’s the reason why she left home. 9)I’ll never forget the time when we worked on the farm. 10)The factory where his father works is in the east of the city 6、在定语从句中，当先行词指物时，下列情况的关系词宜用that而不用which （1）先行词被①形容词最高级②序数词③only、any、few、little、no、all、one of等修饰时。 2）先行词为all、much、little、none、few、one、something、anything等不定代词时。 （3）先行词中既有人又有物时。 He was looking pleasantly at te children and parcels that filled his bus. （4）当主句中含有疑问词which时。 Which are the books that you bought for me ? 7、宜用which而不用that的情况 （1）在非限制性定语从句中 （2）在关系词前有介词时 8、关系词who与that指人时，也有不同情况分别用不同的关系词 （1）先行词是为anyone、those、someone、everyone、one等词时，关系词用who。 9、whose作关系词既指人又指物，在从句中作定语。如： Do you know Mr.Smith whose story is very moving ? There is a room, whose window faces the river. There is a room, the window of which faces the river. 10、关系代词as,在从句中作主语、宾语和表语。 无先行词的定语从句用as和which引导。 区别：①意义上：as 含有“正如”“像”。Which 含有“这一点”“这件事”②位置上：as 从句可置句首，也可在另处。Which引导的从句只能放在先行词之后。