一般将来时
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一般将来时
A． 构成
a) be going to + do
b) will/shall + do
c) be to + do
d) be about to + do
e) be + doing
f) 一般将来时表将来
B． 用法及句式
a) be going to + do : 表示打算、计划做的事情，或者表示说话人根据已有的迹象认为很可能要发生的事情。
e.g. What are you going to do this weekend?
I’m going to help my brother with maths.
Look at those clouds! It’s going to rain.
e.x. We are going to have a new subject this year. ________________
I’m not going to have breakfast with my mother tomorrow. ________________
Are you going to clean the classroom this afternoon? ________________
Who is she going to talk with? ________________
Who is going to do that? ________________
b) will/shall + do : 表示未来的事实或对将来的预测。在美式英语中，所有的人称都可以用will，在英式英
语中，主语为第一人称（I，we）时，常用shall。
e.g Will she be back in these days?
Yes, she will. / No, she won’t.
e.x. I shall study harder at English. ________________
I’ll come and see you every Sunday next year. ________________
He will not have a meeting next Monday. ________________
What will they do for you? ________________
Who will be at home this evening? ________________
C． 常见的时间状语
a) 时间状语： tomorrow ( tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening, the day after tomorrow)
this, next (this afternoon/evening, next year/month/week/Sunday)
in + 一段时间 (in two weeks)
from now on (50 years from now on)
b) 状语从句：
i. 时间状语从句 -- 由when, as soon as等引导的时间状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用现在时
表将来。
e.g When I am here, I will let you know.
I’ll call Li Lei as soon as I get some information about his brother.
ii. 条件状语从句 – 由if, unless 等引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用现在时表将来。
e.g If he studies hard, he will get good grades.
You will fail to arrive there in time unless you start earlier.
D． 提升拓展
a) 一般将来时的其他表达法
i. 现在进行时表将来：表示位置移动的动词 (go, come, leave, fly, etc.)， 可以用现在进行时表示将要
发生的动作。
e.g. The bus is coming.
I’m leaving for Shanghai tomorrow.
ii. 一般现在时表将来：一些表示起始动作的动词可用于表示预先计划、安排的肯定要发生的动作，主要
是一些瞬间动词( come, go, start, begin, return, arrive, stop, close, etc.)
e.g. The final exams begin in three days.
b) There be 句型的将来时表达法: There is/are going to be … / There will be …
e.g. There is going to be an English film this evening.
There are going to be two parties tonight.
There will be more tall buildings in my hometown next year.
c) be going to, will/shall 的区别
i. be going to 指当前的。已计划过或思考过的意图和打算。Will/shall表示未事先思考或思考过的意
图，但如果不清楚是否经过事先考虑时，二者都可以使用。
ii. be going to还可表示客观迹象，表明马上要发生，儿will则表示说话者的观点，主观意愿。
iii. will 可以表示纯粹的客观现实。
iv. will 还可作情态动词用，表示感情色彩。
e.x. I am going to see a film. But if you need my help, I am sure to help you instead.
-- Who is knocking at the door?
-- I’ll go and see.
Look at the clouds in this sky. It is going to rain soon.
I hope it’ll be warm tomorrow.
It’ll be Christmas Day soon.
--Don’t forget to give my best wishes to your parents.
--Thanks. I won’t.
d) will, shall 的用法区别
i. will 可与各种人称连用，shall一般与第一人称连用。Shall I/we … ? 可用于相对方提出建议。
e.g. I shall write to you again at the end of the month.
My friends will go to the Centre Park.
Shall we go to the meeting together?
