2019年北师版英语高考一轮复习专题5 动词时态、语态和语气
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专题五动词时态、语态和语气[全国卷考情分析](对应学生用书第262页)[先试做题组]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.(2017·哈师大附中月考)—Do you know if Betty will go hiking this weekend?—Betty? Never! She hates(hate) strong sunlight.2.(2017·安徽安庆五校联考)—I was very angry with Kelvin yesterday.—I know your feelings,but if you forgive him,you will be(be) a bigger man.Ⅱ.单句改错In 2016,I feel I needed a new challenge so I decided to take a film-making course.feel→felt[再解读要点]一、一般现在时1.一般现在时的构成主要用动词原形构成。
动词be 的第一人称单数形式用am ,第三人称单数形式用is ,其他人称形式均用are 。
动词have 的第三人称单数形式用has 。
实义动词的第三人称单数形式的变化规则是:(1)表示经常发生的、习惯性的、反复出现的动作或状态。
常与表示习惯的副词(词组)always ,every time ,now and then ,occasionally ,often ,seldom ,never ,sometimes ,usually ,every day/night 等连用。
He often goes to work by bus ,and he takes a walk with his wife after dinner every day.他经常乘公共汽车去上班,而且每天饭后和妻子一块散步。
(2)按时间表、时刻表、日程表等安排将要发生的动作。
专题五动词的时态与语态一般时态一般时态一般现在时一般过去时分别表示现在、过去的经常性、习惯性动作或存在的状态一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态,或将来某一段时间内经常发生的动作或存在的状态过去将来时表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作所谓一般时态,表示既不“进行”,又不“完成”。
We have meals three times a day.我们一日吃三餐。
(现在的习惯)He is always ready to help others.他总是乐于助人。
(现在的状态)When I was a boy, I often went to play in that park.我小时候常去那个公园玩。
(过去的习惯)1.一般现在时(1)一般现在时的构成①一般现在时主要用动词的原形表示,如果主语为第三人称单数,则一般在动词原形后加-s或-es,其变化规则如下表所示:情况规则例词一般情况加-s helps, eats, rises, reads 以-s, -sh, -ch, -x, -o结尾的动词加-esdiscuss→discussesteach→teaches以辅音字母加y结尾的动词变y为-iescarry→carriesfly→flies②be的变化:am, is, are。
③have的变化:has, have。
(2)一般现在时的用法一般现在时除了可以表示现在的经常性、习惯性动作或存在的状态外,还可表示:①客观真理、科学事实及自然现象。
此用法即使出现在过去语境中,也用一般现在时。
The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起。
②用于here, there开头的倒装句中,一般现在时表示现在正在发生的动作或存在的状态。
There goes the bell.铃响了。
Here comes the bus.公共汽车来了。
2.一般过去时(1)一般过去时的构成①一般过去时用动词的过去式表示,其规则动词变化方法如下表所示:情况规则例词一般情况加-ed pack→packed以辅音字母加y结尾的动词变y为-ied carry→carriedmarry→married以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词双写辅音字母加-edplan→plannedchat→chatted以不发音的-e结尾的动词直接加-dlike→likedprovide→provided②was用于第一、三人称单数,were用于其他人称。
锁定咼考1. (2019 •新课标I , 62) So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for- profit PandaBase, where ticket money helps pay for research. I__________ (allow) to get up close to these cuteani mals at the 600-acre cen tre.2. (2019 新课标川,62)Truly elegant chopsticks might _________ (make) of gold and silver withChin ese characters.3. (2019 四川,69)The n, after two and a half years, the mother ________ (drive) the you ng pan daaway.4. (2019 浙江,5)While online shopping ______ (change) our life, not all of its effects have beenpositive.5. (2019 北京,21)Jack _____ (work) in the lab when the power cut occurred.6. (2019 天津,3)When walking down the street, I came across David, whom I ______ (see) foryears.7. (2019 新课标I , 61)It was raining lightly when I _____ (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.But I did n't care.8. (2019 新课标n , 68)This cycle ____ (go) day after day : The walls warm up during the dayand cool off during the night and thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures.9. (2019 福建,26)To my delight, I ______ (choose) from hundreds of applicants to attend theope ning cere mony.10. (2019 湖南,22)As you go through this book, you ____ (find) that each of the millions of peoplewho lived through World War n had a different experienee.【答案及解析】1.wasallowed【解析】句意:..... 在这个占地六百英亩的中心,我被允许靠近这些可爱的动物。