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7. 据说类动词： say, consider, think, report, know, believe, suggest, understand, hope, etc. 如：It is said that… There is said to be… Sth./Sb. is said to… 8.主动形式表被动 ① 感官动词：sound,taste,smell,fell,look, seem等主语是物时； ② 一些vi主动形式表被动含义 open, close, shut, read, write, translate, wash, clean, lock, sell, wear, cut, cook, eat, weigh, drink, pay, draw, etc.
பைடு நூலகம்
Summary：
1. 什么时候用主动语态或被动语态？
2. 主动语态和被动语态的动词结构是怎样的？
语态动词 时态 结构 一般现在时 一般过去时
主动语态
被动语态
3. 主动语态句子变成被动语态句子哪三个部 分要变？怎么变？
1.I washed my clothes once a day.
I was washed my clothes once a day. X My clothes was washed (by me) once a day. √
3. 情态动词的被动语态。是由情态V+be+ p.p.构成 They can not find him. He can not be found. You must pay me for this. I must be paid for this.
4. 有些动词用主动形式表被动含义. The goods sells well. The door can't open. 5.有些词如want,need,require和 be worth后面 v-ing形式 为主动，意义为被动。 The room needs/wants/requires cleaning. The book is worth reading. 6.主动语态中的宾语是从句，变成被动时使 用形式替代 词it. We know that Britain is an island country. It's known that Britain is an island country.
• 2.They took Jim to the hospital.
They was took Jim to the hospital. X Jim was taken to the hospital by them. √
• 3.Tom closed the shop just now.
The shop closed Tom just now. X The shop was closed (by Tom) just now. √
③不定式to blame,to let（出租）作表语时， 被动含义 You are to blame. The house is to let. ④表（sth）需要的need ,want, require等后的 主动形式表被动含义 The house needs /wants/require repairing
I heard her move about in her room upstairs last night. She was heard to move about in her room uptairs last night. Did you see Jack take away the magazine? Was Jack seen to take away the magazine?
主动语态 我们用木头做家具。
那只老鼠被猫抓住了
被动语态
被动语态 相机是用来照相的。
Discusion 2:
the active voice 主动语态
& the passive voice被动语态
语态动词 时态 结构 the active voice the passive voice v am v+ s is + p.p. 一般现在时 es are
2 含有复合宾语的主动句，宾补不变。
（ 1）
将宾语变为主语，宾补不变。 They call her XiaoLi. She is called XiaoLi.
（2) make, let, have, hear, watch, see, feel, notice. H 既动词后变做宾补的不定式一般不 加to,变为被动,必须加to . My brother often made me do this and that when I was young. I was often made to do this and that by my brother when I young.
Passive Voice
一. 何时使用被动语态 1. 不知道谁是动作的执行者或没有必要 Paper is made from wood. He was wounded in the fight. 2. 需要强调动作的承受者时
Books and newspapers in the reading room mustn't be taken away. He was awarded first prize in that contest.
These photos were taken last week.
2. 这本书是鲁迅写的。
This book was written by Lu Xun.
3. 史密斯一家被邀请参加了派对。 The Smiths were invited to the party. 4. 长江也叫扬子江。 The Changjiang River is also called theYangteze River.
⑤be worth后的动名词主动形式表被动含义
The book is worth reading.
Discusion: the active voice 主动语态 & the passive voice被动语态 1. 什么时候用主动语态或被动语态？ 2. 主动语态和被动语态的动词结构是怎样的？
语态动词 时态 结构 一般现在时 一般过去时 主动语态 被动语态
3. 主动语态句子变成被动语态句子哪三个部分 要变？怎么变？
Discusion 1: the active voice 主动语态
& the passive voice被动语态 什么时候用主动语态或被动语态？ 主语是动作的执行者就用主动语态
主语是动作的承受者就用被动语态
We study English at school.
English is studied by us at school.
3. People speak English all over the world.
is spoken by people all over the world. English ______ _______
Exercise ：translate the following sentences
1. 这些照片是上星期拍的 。
3为了使语气婉转，避免提及自己或对方而使 用被动语 态，或由于修饰的需要，使用被动 语态，使句子得以更好的安排。
The construction of the new lab must be completed by the end of next month.
Electricity is used to run machines.
The room was cleaned ( by her).
Exercise ： 1.They play basketball in their school.(改为被动语态) is played Basketball______ _______in their school by them. 2. The naughty boy broke the window. was _______ broken by the naughty boy. The window ______
passive
Exercise ：
1.The key ______for locking the classroom door. B es B. is used C.is using e B 2.A new school _______over there two years ago. A. built B. was built C. build D. builds 3.The lost child ______ A on October 7,1998. A.was found B. is found C. found D. find C 4.A talk on Chinese history________in the school hall yesterday. A.is given B.give C.was given D. gave
was
一般过去时
p.t. were
+ p.p.
Decide if these sentences are active or passive.
1. We call the doctor. 2. People don’t play football here. 3. The truck was cleaned yesterday. 4. Mr Chen teaches us English. 5. The classroom was cleaned. active active passive active
Disscusion 3:
the active voice 主动语态
