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I •完形填空As a young boy my family was very poor. I would often help do something for the neighbors to ] a little pocket moncy.One day, I 2 on the door of an elderly woman and asked 3 she needed me to clean in the yard・ She asked why I was not in 4 and I showed her my worn 5 , which no longer keep me warm・ She 6 meto work in the yard. When I finished, she looked at me. T suppose you want to be 7 now," she then 8 a big jar filled with dollar bills and said, "I匸m glad youDve done a 9 job today but that is not something you should be doing again. I want you to 10 some new clothes and get back to school. I also want you to come back to 11 me with your report card and I will 12 you wlien I see you have worked hard and have some good 13_・ Now reach out your little hands and take out as much 14 as you can."I reached in the jar and 15 so much money that it was 16 lor me to buy what I needed・ Later, I returned several times to see the woman and she did just as she 17 ・ She looked at my report card and gave me a handful of dollars and some delicious food every time I 18 her I had an "A".【was twelve years old when【moved from that neighborhood・【will never forget the huge 19 this wonderful lady made over my life with her 20 . This is something I hope to do myself in this lifetime over and over agai n.【语篇解读】作者年幼时家庭贫困，不得不给邻居们做事赚点零花钱。
Ⅰ.Match the topic sentence with proper paragraph.Para.1A．We visited the moon in our spaceship!Para.2 B．When we got there, I wanted to explore immediately.Para.3 C．But returning to the earth was very frightening.Para.4 D．Before we left, Li Yanping explained to me ... the most powerful.答案：Paras.1～4ADBCⅡ.Choose the best answers according to the text.1．When we were going up, we felt ________．A．we were pressed against our seatsB．we were lighter than we are on the earthC．as if we were flyingD．the rocket was shaking strongly2．Why can't the spaceship fall back to the earth?A．Because the moon's gravity pulls it up.B．Because it is too far away from the earth.C．Because the earth has no gravity.D．Because the spaceship is not very heavy.3．When I was on the moon, I felt I was ________ than I am on the earth.A．slower B．heavierC．cleverer D．lighter4．If a baby is growing on the moon, when he grows up, he will grow ________ than he is on the earth.A．taller B．shorterC．fatter D．thinner5．The passage mainly talks about ________．A．what the moon isB．my visit to the moonC ．the difference between the earth and the moonD ．Li Yanping, my friend, who is an astronaut答案：1～5 ABDABⅠ.单词拼写1．A truck went out of control and crashed (碰撞) into the back of a bus.2．The young man knows little about Newton's law of gravity (万有引力).3．The smell of new bread floated (飘动) up from the kitchen.4．Don't pull (拉) so hard or the handle will go off.5．Britain has a temperate climate (气候)．6．Eggs are sold by weight (重量)．Ⅱ.拓展词汇1．biology n ．生物学→biologist n ．生物学家2．gentle adj .温和的；文雅的→gently ad v .温和地3．physicist n ．物理学家→physics n ．物理学→physical adj .物理的；物理学的；体力的4．extinct adj .灭绝的；绝种的→extinction n ．灭绝；绝种5．weightlessly ad v .失重地→weightless adj .失重的[巧记单词]Ⅲ.补全短语1．block out 挡住(光线)2．break out 突发；爆发3．cheer up 感到高兴；感到振奋4．now that 既然5．watch out (for) 密切注视；当心；提防6．get the hang of 熟悉；掌握；理解1．[教材原句]When we get closer to the moon, we shall feel its gravity pulling us, but it willnot be as strong a pull as the earth's.当我们更接近月球时，就会感到月球的引力在拉我们。
SectionⅢUsing Language,Assessing Your Progress&Video Time一、单词拼写(咨询) with local residents.(标准) are used for assessing a student’s ability?was larger than the output,so they lost money.(近来).(企盼) it stays that way.(契约) with the(稳定)for the children.(缺陷).planting.making preparations for the conference on educationalunemployment anda new library and resource centre.quantity quality.the plan,but we managed to persuade him.The desire to sleep late can be almost too much to resist at weekends.This Saturday morning,though,there was something important enough to get me up early.Yawning widely,I got out of bed and put on some old jeans and a T-shirt.After combing the house for work gloves,my dad found a pair my mother used for gardening and took them along.We hopped(跳) in the car and headed into Boston.Guided by my directions,Dad managed to get us to our destination:a row of houses.They were in the process of being built,mostly by volunteers like us.After grabbing a huge leather tool belt,I met the people I would be workingwith.Virginia,James and Wilbur were all more than twice my age but treated me like a peer(同龄人).We got to work nailing the frames of walls.By the lunch break I had hit what seemed likeevery tough spot in the whole house,and pried(撬起) countless bent nails.The rest of the day went by quickly as I gained efficiency with my hammer.Soon it was time to pack up.As I was leaving,a woman came into the house.She saw the progress we’d made upstairs and started looking around the rooms.Then I realised who the woman was—her family would be living in the house.As she walked through each room,I could see her planning where furniture would go.Even though I had only been there one short day out of weeks of construction.I felt a great sense of accomplishment.When these houses finished,six families would have nice homes.Thanks to Habitat for Humanity for giving me such an opportunity to make a difference in others’ lives.Habitat for Humanity is an international organisation.You are welcome to join and be part of the change you want to see in your community.1.What is the important thing the author mentioned in paragraph 1?A.Sleeping at weekends.B.Building some houses.C.Gardening with his mother.“...Dad managed...a row of houses...being built,mostly by .”可知,作者提到的重要事情是去义务修建房屋。
Ⅰ.Match the topic sentence with proper paragraph.Para.1 A．We visited the moon in our spaceship!Para.2 B．When we got there, I wanted to explore immediately.Para.3 C．But returning to the earth was very frightening.Para.4 D．Before we left, Li Yanping explained to me ... the most powerful.答案：Paras.1～4 ADBCⅡ.Choose the best answers according to the text.1．When we were going up, we felt ________．A．we were pressed against our seatsB．we were lighter than we are on the earthC．as if we were flyingD．the rocket was shaking strongly2．Why can't the spaceship fall back to the earth?A．Because the moon's gravity pulls it up.B．Because it is too far away from the earth.C．Because the earth has no gravity.D．Because the spaceship is not very heavy.3．When I was on the moon, I felt I was ________ than I am on the earth.A．slower B．heavierC．cleverer D．lighter4．If a baby is growing on the moon, when he grows up, he will grow ________ than he is on the earth.A．taller B．shorterC．fatter D．thinner5．The passage mainly talks about ________．A．what the moon isB．my visit to the moonC．the difference between the earth and the moonD．Li Yanping, my friend, who is an astronaut答案：1～5 ABDABⅠ.单词拼写1．A truck went out of control and crashed (碰撞) into the back of a bus.2．The young man knows little about Newton's law of gravity (万有引力).3．The smell of new bread floated (飘动) up from the kitchen.4．Don't pull (拉) so hard or the handle will go off.5．Britain has a temperate climate (气候)．6．Eggs are sold by weight (重量)．Ⅱ.拓展词汇1．biology n．生物学→biologist n．生物学家2．gentle adj.温和的；文雅的→gently adv.温和地3．physicist n．物理学家→physics n．物理学→physical adj.物理的；物理学的；体力的4．extinct adj.灭绝的；绝种的→extinction n．灭绝；绝种5．weightlessly adv.失重地→weightless adj.失重的[巧记单词]派生词biologist →biology＋去y＋-istgently →gentle＋去e＋-yphysicist →physics＋去s＋-istⅢ.补全短语1．block out 挡住(光线)2．break out 突发；爆发3．cheer up 感到高兴；感到振奋4．now that 既然5．watch out (for) 密切注视；当心；提防6．get the hang of 熟悉；掌握；理解1．[教材原句]When we get closer to the moon, we shall feel its gravity pullingus, but it will not be as strong a pull as the earth's.当我们更接近月球时，就会感到月球的引力在拉我们。
Section D Reading for Writing&AssessingYour Progress必备知识基础练Ⅰ.单句填空1.We make decisions based on facts and (analysis).2.They may only have a (limit) amount of time to get their points across.3.As a result the cutting down of the forests,the country is now short of water.4.If you do these things (regular),then your life is a success.5.When I opened my book,I found a beautiful card(attach) to the first page,giving me best wishes.Ⅱ.短语填空(注意动词的适当形式)1.His car alarm had been going off for two days and,,the battery was flat.2.Experts say it’s an invaluable social practice that big benefits.3.them have admitted that despite their success,they aren’t happy.4.Many animal welfare organisations care and adoption services homeless animals.5.,I want to thank all our sponsors and supporters for what they have done for us.Ⅲ.完成句子1.他们不得不停了下来,因为他们的汽油用完了。
Ⅰ.Read the text quickly and choose the best words to describe the restaurant owner's attitudes towards Henry.1．When asking Henry to pay the bill, he is ________．2．When he finds Henry is a “millionaire”，he is ________．A．sympathetic (怜悯的) B．flattering (奉承的)C．unfriendly D．respectful (敬重的)答案：1.C 2.BDⅡ.Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.1．The passage is mainly about ________．A．Henry lost the bank noteB．Henry's bank note was stolen in a hotelC．Henry's experience after he got the bank noteD．Henry spent his money that he owned2．What food did not Henry order?A．Steak. B．Pineapple.C．Ham and eggs. D．Bread.3．What did Henry find in the envelope?A．Nothing. B．A photo.C．A picture. D．A million pound bank note.4．How did Henry feel when he found the million pound bank note in the envelope?A．Surprised. B．Crazy.C．Glad. D．Sad.答案：1～4CDDA Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Dessert (甜点) is usually served last in the dinner.2．I have a large amount (数量) of work to finish in June.3．As a child, I used to wake up screaming (尖叫) with terror in the middle of the night. 4．Why are you talking in such a strange manner (方式)?5．A friend in need is a friend indeed (真正地)．6．The guilty man bowed (鞠躬) his head in shame.Ⅱ.拓展词汇1．rude adj.粗鲁的；无礼的→rudely ad v.粗鲁地；无礼地→rudeness n．粗鲁；无礼2．genuine adj.真正的；真诚的→genuinely ad v.真正地3．believe v．信任→believable adj.可信的→unbelievable adj.难以置信的[巧记单词]派生词rudely →rude＋-lygenuinely →genuine＋-lyunbelievable →un-＋believe＋去e＋-ableⅢ.补全短语1．take a chance冒险2．in rags 衣衫褴褛3．as for 关于；至于4．a large amount of 大量的5．in a rude manner 粗鲁地；没有礼貌地6．take one's order 点菜1．[教材原句]Well, it is well-known that Americans like to eat a lot.嗯，美国人宠爱吃得多，这是大家都知道的。
2019-2020年人教版高中英语必修三教学案：Unit 4 Section 4(含答案)[原文呈现][读文清障]A VISIT TO①THE MOONLast month I was lucky enough to have a chance to②make a trip③into space with my friend Li Yanping, an astronomer. We visited the moon in our spaceship④！Before we left, Li Yanping explained to me⑤that the force of gravity⑥would change three times on our journey and that the first change would be the most powerful. Then we were off⑦. As the rocket rose into the air, we were pushed back into⑧our seats because we were trying to escape the pull⑨of the earth's gravity. It was so hard that we could not say anything to each other ⑩. Gradually⑪the weight lessened⑫and I was able to talk to him. “Why is the spaceship not falling back to⑬the earth? On the earth if I fall from a tree I will fall to the ground.”I asked.“We are too far from⑭the earth now to feel its pull，”he explained, “so we feel as if there is no gravity at all. When we get closer to⑮the moon, we shall feel its gravity pulling⑯us, but it will not be as strong a pull as⑰the earth's.”I cheered up⑱immediately and floated⑲weightlessly⑳around in our ①名词visit后接to，意为“到……的旅行”，to为介词。
UNIT 4Period Three基础练Ⅰ．单句语法填空1．I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train ________ (catch). 2．We came home after our holiday, only ________ (find) our house stolen.3．The airport ____________ (complete) next year will help promote tourism in this area. 4．________ (save) energy, we turn off the lights for Earth Hour on the last Saturday in March. 5．Tu Youyou became the first Chinese scientist ________ (win) the Nobel Prize in Medicine. 6．Women and children were the first _______ (get) into the lifeboats.【答案】1．to catch2．to find3．to be completed4．To save5．to win6．to get Ⅱ．短语填空stay healthy，so as to，under control，can’t wait to, figure out，give up 1．Have you____________ why she didn’t invite you to her birthday party?2．Doctors examine their patients thoroughly ____________ make a correct diagnosis. 3．The driver tried to keep the car________, but he failed and it crashed into a tree.4．We cannot work all the time if we are going to__________ and enjoy life.5．The doctor told him to ____________ smoking for the sake of his health.6．We ____________ share what we have learned with you!【答案】1．figured out2．so as to3．under control4．stay healthy5．give up6．can’t wait toⅢ．对话填空J＝Jennifer A＝AronA: I have something good 1. ________ (tell) you, Jennifer.J: What’s it?A: After trying my best, I get a chance 2. __________ (have) a ten-day paid leave!J: Wow! How I envy you! Do you have any plans?A: Paris is a good place 3. __________ (go) sightseeing.J: You can take the chance 4. __________ (travel) around Europe. After traveling to France,you can have a tour of Switzerland by train.A: It’s a good idea, but I think the best way 5. __________ (get) there is by plane.【答案】1．to tell2．to have3．to go4．to travel5．to get提升练Ⅰ．语法填空(2023河北承德高一下学期期末)The three astronauts, 1. ________ played a key role in completing the Tiangong space station, shared their experiences and feelings with 2. ________ public on Friday in the first news conference after their orbital journey.3. ________ (speak) at the meeting with reporters, the mission commander Chen Dong said that every day they4. ________ (arrange) for a lot of work by the authority to prepare for and monitor the5. ________ (arrive) of the Wentian and Mengtian lab modules(舱), and conducting a science lecture for students.Chen recalled that he and his teammates met their fellow astronauts in the Shenzhou XV flight inside the Tiangong station. “We had paid much attention 6. ________ the news about the Shenzhou XV mission and the astronauts several days before they set out. When their spacecraft was 7. ________ (actual) launched, we were watching the live broadcast and we were so happy that we kept clapping our 8. ________ (hand) for a long time. ”In the hours before their spacecraft arrived at the station, Chen and his teammates were supposed to have a sleep but none of them really went to bed because they were too 9. ________ (excite) to feel sleepy. The moment Chen was about 10. ________ (open) the hatch(舱门) after their spacecraft connected with the space station, he saw them through the window and he waved his hand to welcome them back. It was the first time that six Chinese had been in a space station at the same time.【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道，讲述了天宫空间站的三名宇航员召开了新闻发布会，指令长陈冬回忆了他们在空间站的日常工作以及神州十五号飞船与空间站接轨的过程。
1 [语法初识] 原句感知 自主探究 ①What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe. ②The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not. ③What is even more important is that as the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface. ④It was not immediately obvious that water was to be fundamental to the development of life. ⑤What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas. ⑥So whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.
(1)以上各句皆为主从复合句，句中黑体部分为名词性从句作主语，称之为主语从句。 (2)what引导主语从句，what在从句中作表语(句①)，主语(句③)，及宾语(句⑤)。 (3)whether引导主语从句，意为：是否(句②⑥)。 (4)可用it作形式主语，真正的主语为名词性从句(句④由that引导主语从句)。
[语法剖析] 语法点一 定义 在主从复合句中充当主语的从句即为主语从句。 What made her happy was that she won the game in such an important match. 令她高兴的是在这么重要的比赛中她获胜了。 It is decided that the meeting has been put off till next Monday. 已经定下来将会议推迟到下周一了。 2
语法点二 主语从句的连接词及其句法功能 1.连接词that和whether/if (1)that在从句中不充当任何句子成分，本身无任何意义，只起连接作用，但不可省略。 That we are invited to the concert this evening is good news to us. 我们被邀请去参加今晚的音乐会，这对我们来说是个好消息。 (2)whether/if在从句中不充当任何句子成分，起连接作用，意为“是否”，不可省略。 Whether the plan will be carried out is still unknown. ＝ It is still unknown if/whether the plan will be carried out. 这个计划是否会实施还不知道。 [点津] whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首也可放在句尾，但if引导的主语从句只能放在句尾，前面需用it作形式主语。
即时演练1 完成句子 ①That_she_could_come_to_help_us made us very happy. 她能来帮助我们使我们很高兴。 ②Whether_he_can_finish_his_task_on_time is of great importance. 他能否按时完成任务非常重要。 2．连接代词(who, whose, whom, what, which, whichever, whoever, whomever, whatever等)。连接代词引导主语从句，在从句中可以作主语、宾语、表语或定语。 Who will go to the concert is unknown. 不知道谁会去听音乐会。 Whoever did this job must be rewarded. 无论谁做了这项工作一定要得到酬谢。 What the lecturer said is of great value. 演讲者所讲的非常有价值。 [点津] who 引导的主语从句表示一件“事情”，而whoever引导的主语从句指“人”。 3．连接副词(when, where, how, why等)。连接副词引导主语从句并在从句中作状语。 When we will have a meeting is an important question. 我们何时举行会议是个重要的问题。 How they will solve the serious problem hasn't been decided. 他们将怎样解决这个严重的问题还没有决定。 [点津] 名词性从句引导词的确定步骤： (1)分析句式结构，明确名词性从句在句中的功能； (2)明确名词性从句所表达的意义； 3
(3)明确名词性从句中所需要的成分及意义； (4)确定从句的引导词。
即时演练2 用连接代词或连接副词填空并写出它们在从句中所作的语法成分 ①Why John was late for the class has been unexplained.状语 ②Which part of the country he will travel to needs discussing.定语 ③Where cars will be parked in the future is a question.状语 ④What we should do next remains unknown.宾语 ⑤Whoever is interested in the activity can sign your names.主语
语法点三 主语从句中用it作形式主语的结构 1.It＋be＋形容词(obvious, true, natural, strange, etc.)＋主语从句 It is doubtful whether she will be able to come to the party. 她是否能来参加聚会还很难说。 It is necessary that a college student (should) master one or two foreign languages. 大学生掌握一两门外语是必要的。 [点津] 在“It＋ be＋形容词＋主语从句”结构中，若形容词为important/necessary/ strange等时，主语从句中的谓语用“(should) do”。 2．It ＋ be＋名词词组(no wonder, an honour, a pity, a/no surprise, etc.)＋主语从句 It's a pity that you missed the film. 你没有看那部电影真是太遗憾了。 3．It ＋be＋过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected, proved, etc.)＋主语从句 It is reported that no passengers were injured in the accident. 据报道在这起事故中没有乘客受伤。 [点津] 在“It ＋ be＋过去分词＋主语从句”结构中，过去分词若为suggested/ordered/ required/advised等时，主语从句中的谓语用“(should) do”。 4．It＋不及物动词(happen, seem, appear, etc.)＋主语从句 It happened that I was out that day. 碰巧那天我不在。 5．It ＋ 及物动词＋宾语＋主语从句 It surprised him why they came to visit him suddenly. 让他吃惊的是他们为什么突然都来看他。 即时演练3 句型转换 4
①That he suddenly fell ill last month surprised us. →It surprised us that he suddenly fell ill last month. ②Whether she will come or not doesn't matter. →It doesn't matter whether she will come or not. ③That light travels in straight lines is known to us all. →It is known to us all that light travels in straight lines.
语法点四 主语从句中应注意的问题 1.从句要用陈述语序 How he succeeded is still a puzzle. 他是如何成功的仍然是个谜。 2．主谓一致 (1)从句作主语时，主句的谓语一般用单数形式。 Where he will get a job after graduation has puzzled him much. 毕业后到哪儿找份工作使他很困惑。 [点津] what引导主语从句时，有时主句谓语动词应与主句中作表语的名词保持一致。 What the school needs most are books. 这所学校最需要的是书。 (2)如果由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句时，谓语动词用单数。 When they will start and where they will go have not been decided yet. 他们将在什么时候动身以及要去哪里还没定下来。 When and where they will hold the meeting is not clear. 他们何时何地召开会议还不清楚。
即时演练4 单句改错 ①When will we set off is still under discussion. will_we→we_will ②What he needs most are money.are→is ③When and where the meeting will be held have not been decided.have→has ④That the coal workers are still alive are a wonder. 第二个are→is
