在职研究生英语历年真题与答案

2023年在职硕士联考英语真题试题及答案(A卷)Part I Dialogue CommunicationSection A1.Man: Jane, you won’t believe it. I won the lottery.Woman: __________.Man: No, it’s true. When I found out, I was shocked.A.So what?B.Does it really count?C.Are you putting me on?D.Immagine that!2. Man: It’s raining cats and dogs outside. Did you remember to bring the umbrella?Woman: Oops. __________.A.everything is fineB.you can count on meC.it’ll clear up soonD.it slipped my mind this morning3. Man: ________. How can I possibly review all this material by next week?Woman: Take it easy. I’ll help you with it.A.I’m going crazy!B.Can’t wait.C.I’m glad it’s finally over.D.What a load off!4. Man: G et a move on. We need to be at the airport in an hour.Woman: Come on! There’s plenty of time. Remember, we’re going on this trip to relax, __________.A.we’re in the same boat.B.not the other way aroundC.so let’s goD.so forget it5. Wife: Can you come over here please? Which one is better?Husband: __________.Wife: Come on, can’t you make u p your mind for once?A.I have no ideaB.I have nothong more to sayC.I don’t careD.I don’t like itSection B6. Man: I heard you’ve got a wonderful job in a post office. How is your new job going?Woman: I just feel like a fish out of water.Question: What does the woman feel about her new job?A.she is satisfied with itB.she feels uncomfortable itC.she feels it’s her dream come trueD.she finds it demanding7. Man: Hi, Linda. Are you going to teach after you graduate from that university?Woman: Where did you get the idea like that?Question: What can be concluded about Linda?A: She has no desire to teachB. She likes teaching very muchC. She has no idea about teachingD. She may choose to teach8. Man: Why, you have to ask your parents to pay your rent?Woman: Well, I am unable to make ends meet.Question: What do we know about the woman?A: She is unable to manage her moneyB. She can’t g et her parents to pay her rent.C. She can’t help her parents outD. She is financially in trouble9. Man: Ken and Sandra hope to sell their houses for $3 million.Woman: Yeah. They always think big.Question: What does the woman think of Ken and Sandra’s plan?A.It’s worth trying.B.It’s realistic.C.It’s not going to work.D.It’s ridiculous.10. Man: Excuse me. Do you need some help?Woman: Well… I’m trying to get to the railway station. But I can’t make heads or tails of this ticket machine.Question: What is the woman’s problem?A.She doesn’t have the small change with her.B.She doesn’t know how to use the machine.C.She is not sure how much the trip will costD.She is unable to get the ticket in time.Part II11. Discipline cannot be ______ until the last day of school has passed.A. lessenedB. reducedC. relaxedD. lowered12. some people argue that _____ regulations for water pollution will drive up costs and put jobs at risk.A. firmB. tightC. tenseD. close13. To keep her job, she has to ______ the bad temper of her boss.A. put up withB. take up onC. make up forD. come up with14. Student journalists are taught how to be ______ when writing in a limited space.A. convincingB. briefC. appealingD. expressive15. The discussion was so _____ that at intervals the speakersstopped for refreshments.A. exhaustedB. exhaustingC. excitedD. exciting16. The popularity of these schools is growing steadly _____ their tuition fees.A. instead ofB. in favor ofC. in spite ofD. in place of17. It is often not easy to _______ the marked generation gap which exists between the young and their elders.A. broadenB. breakC. bridgeD. build18. The drive from England to Scotland provides the tourist with many pleasant changes of ______.A. sceneryB. sightC. perspectiveD. scene19. This ambitious project, ______ scores of organizations around the world, will take at least ten years to be acomplished.A. indicatingB. composingC. containingD. involing20. Because of the popularity of the region, visitors are advised to book hotels _____.A. in orderB. in personC. in turnD. in advance21. He purposely ignored her call beca use he just didn’t feel like ______.A. disturbingB. to disturbC. being disturbedD. to be disturbed22. Do you really think Bill will help you write the report? Don’t count your chickens ____ they are hatched.A. asB. afterC. beforeD. while23. If you want a thing _____ well, do it yourself.A. doneB. doingC. to doD. being done24. The committee members agreed to the proposal that theissue _____ to immediate voting.A. is to be putB. be putC. should putD. must be put25. So loudly ______ that even people in the next room could hear him.A. did he speakB. does he speakC. he spokeD. he speaks26. To master a foreign language like French requires hard work, so you ____ study too hard.A. shouldB. mustC. can’tD. may not27. Gaining a new customer costs _____ keeping an old one.A. as many as five timesB. five times as many asC. as much as five timesD. five times as much as28. People with glasses are perceived to be up to ten IQ pointsmore intelligent than ____.A. those withoutB. that withoutC. these withoutD. one without29. Reading books, _____ takes the reader to other worlds, is a wonderful way to “escape”.A. thatB. whatC. asD. which30. Take 60mg up to four times a day, _____ advised otherwise by a doctor.A. ifB. untilC. thoughD. unlessPart III Reading ComprehensionPart III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A,B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Passage OneThe rich have traditionally passed their wealth on to their children. But an increasing number of billionaires are choosing not to. The reason? They want their children to live on themselves—and not to turn into spoiled successors.Nicola Horlick or “supermum”, a famous British billionaire, owing to fact that she has high-flying jobs and five kids has spent her career making a reported £250m. She now seems determined to throw off large parts of it. She already gives away about 25% of her income each year; she has just revealed, in a report on the state of charity in the city, that she will not be leaving most of the remainder to her children. “I think it is wrong to give too much inherited wealth to children,” Horlick told the report’s authors. “I w ill not be leaving all my wealth to my children because that would just ruin their lives.”She is by no means the first to go public with this conviction. Bill Gates has put an estimated $30bn into the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. This was supplemented, in 2023, by another $24bn or so from his friend Warren Buffett.Buffett has always been colorful, quotably clear on where he stands. His daughter often tells a story of finding herself without change for a car parking ticket—her father lent her $20, then promptly made her write him a check. “To suggest that the children of the wealthy should be just as wealthy,” he has said, “is like saying the members of America’s 2023 Olympic team should be made up only of the children of the 1980 Olympic team.”Anita Roddick, the late founder of the Body Shop, told her kids that they would not inherit one penny. The money that she made from the company would go into the Body Shop Foundation, which isn’t one of those awful tax shelters, like some in America. It just functions to take themoney and give it away.31.The billionaires mentioned in the passage don’t want toleave much of their wealth to their children because ________.A. they prefer to give their wealth to charityB. they want their business to go on healthilyC. they believe too much wealth will harm their childrenD. they hope their children can make more money themselves32.What do we learn about Nicola Horlick?A.She has already given away about 25% of her wealth.B.She is the first one who declares to give away her wealth.C.She will leave only a small portion of her wealth to her kids.D.She inherited most of her wealth from her parents.33.Buffett distinguishes himself for ________.A.his clear-cut positionB.being strict with his childrenC.his talent in financial managementD.being a giant in the stock market34.According to Buffett’s daughter, her father ________.A.refuses to lend her moneyB.wants her to invest in the Olympic GamesC.never gives her more money than necessaryD.always makes sure that she returns his money35.It is implied in the last paragraph that some foundations are used by the rich to ________.A.provide shelter for the poorB.build good fameC.avoid paying taxD.support their businessPassage TwoIt is football time again. Currently, the qualifying rounds are being played to decide which countries will send teams to the 2023 World Cup. Soccer is becoming more and more popular on a worldwide scale and these qualifying legs are causing much excitement.The game is popular at club level as well. Many fans go every week to support their team, whether the event is a home or away one, hoping to get a result. They all hope an attacking game, with a lot of goals being scored. Obviously, they do not want to see a boring, defensive match where the players are aimlessly passing the ball to each other.Sadly, not all the action always takes place on the ground. All too frequently, there is action in the stands, too. Football supporters, most of whom declare their loyalty by wearing their team’s colours, in the form of shirts, are not known for their quiet behaviour. They are often very noisy,shouting noisy encouragement to their team and singing deafening songs.There is much rivalry between supporters. Mostly, this is good-natured, but trouble can easily arise. Fans get angry if they feel that a referee has made a wrong decision, perhaps giving one of their team a red or yellow card unfairly, or perhaps failing to notice a foul (犯规) committed by a member of the other team.When trouble breaks out in a football crowd, it can be difficult to control. Stadium officials often seat the opposing fans in separate parts of the ground as a precaution against fighting. However, preventing trouble is more difficult outside the ground. In the worst cases, riot police have to be called in.Unfortunately, there are some fans who enjoy this violent aspect of football. These football hooligans (流氓) really enjoy a running battle with the police, and call up other people to throw stones and bottles at them. Theyregard football not as a sport, but as an excuse for troublemaking. Inevitably, their behaviour spoils the reputation of the game.36.The qualifying rounds are played to _______.A.attract soccer fansB.select the best teams for the next roundsC.raise funds for the organizersD.decide which players are the best37.What do the football fans hope to see?A.A home game.B.A defensive game.C.An evenly matched game.D.An exciting game.38.Fans get angry when they think _______.A.the referee is unfairB.their team is losingC.their team is not playing wellD.there is an intentional foul39.Riot police are called in _______.A.to separate the opposing fans inside the groundB.as a precaution against trouble inside the groundC.to stop fighting occurring outside the groundD.as a precaution against fighting outside the ground40.It is implied in the last paragraph that _______.A.football fans enjoy spoiling gamesB.football hooligans are crazy about the gamesC.football can be an excuse for troublemakingD.football has a poor reputationPassage ThreeOur sense of smell, which we normally take for granted, is nowadays being increasingly used for purposes which might surprise us if we were aware of them. Onearea in which smells are created to achieve particular results is marketing. For some time manufacturers have taken advantage of our sense of smell with regard to household goods. Millions of dollars are spent on product research in the hunt for the right smell as it is believed perfume influences the way consumers perceive a brand. In a survey in the United States, when people were asked what was the most important factor in their choice of detergent (洗衣粉), smell was rated highly, above ingredients and price.Now stores are becoming even more direct in their use of smell. The smell of fresh bread in a supermarket tends to encourage people to buy, and people selling their houses are recommended to have coffee being heated when potential buyers arrive. Suddenly smell is becoming big business. One company specializing in the use of smells to attract customers now has many large stores on its own list of customers. They find that when pleasant smells are filtered through a store’s air conditioning system, people tend tospend longer in the store and buy more.Research shows that smells can increase people’s view of the value of a product. In a test, people looked at the same types of shoes in two rooms—one filled with purified air, the other with a smell of mixed flowers. 84% of the people preferred the shoes in the room with the smell of flowers. In fact, many said they would be prepared to pay up to US$10 more for a pair.Smells also have other potential uses. Some companies are experimenting with different smells to produce different effects in their workers according to the time of day. For example, early in the morning they might put the smell of lemon in the air conditioning system to wake people up. In the middle of the morning, when the atmosphere tends to become more tense, the smell of wood could be used to calm people down. Before lunchtime the smell of melting butter would encourage people to go to lunch on time. After lunch, when people often begin to lose concentration, thesmell of mint (薄荷) would increase their alertness.41.Which is the most appropriate title for the passage?A.How to avoid being affected by smellsing smells to influence peopleC.The power of our sense of smellD.New smells in supermarkets42.In the survey, when selecting detergent, people considered smell ________.A.not importantB.as important as priceC.less important than ingredientsD.more important than price43.To attract more customers, some large stores ________.A.employ a company specializing in the use of smellsB.provide free coffee for themC.filter purified air through air conditioningD.decorate themselves with fresh flowers44.The majority of people in the test (Para. 3) preferred ________.A.the smell of shoes to that of flowersB.the smell of flowers to that of shoesC.the shoes in the room with purified airD.the shoes in the room with appealing smells45.To produce a calming effect, some companies use thesmell of ________.A.lemonB.woodC.melting butterD.mintPassage FourThe First Rule of Finance is to live within your means by spending no more than 80% of your take-home pay. If you take home $100 per week, spend no more than $80.But ever look at what people spend their money on? I have relatives and friends deeply in debt, spending $12 forevery $10 they earn instead of the $8 you know they should be spending. When I see them, they’re proud of their new whatever. “What do you think of my new truck?” asked one from the driver’s seat. “Do you like my new shoes?” asked another on high heels. “Check out my new big screen,” said a third while holding the remote in his living room. We’ve all heard people fishing for compliments on their new toys.Every one of them was proud of what they’d finance d. They seem to have bought it for the purpose of being proud, of showing off, of keeping up with the Joneses. “Look at my new…” is everybody’s favorite phrase, even when the object in question isn’t theirs at all and won’t be new when they’ve finally paid for it, if they ever do.They’re proud of being stupid. They think it’s cool to drive the financed car, wear the financed shoes, and watch the financed TV, but to smart people, whose opinions are the only ones we should respect, these people look dumb as rocks.The Joneses, nine times out of 10, are financially stupid. That’s why they have all that stuff, on borrowed money. Why try to copy them? Worse, why try to impress them? Copy and impress smart people, the ones who own their stuff. If you want to impress smart people, debt is the last way to go about it. Trying to impress a money-smart person by going into debt is like trying to impress Olympic swimming champion Michael Phelps by drowning in a pool. Michael Phelps is impressed by good swimming, and a money-smart person by good money management.46.According to the author, the new truck, shoes and bigscreen mentioned in Para. 2 are ________.A.indicators of wealthB.necessities to the buyersC.just a waste of moneyD.examples of showing off47.“… the object in question isn’t theirs” (Para. 2) means ______.A.it is bought for other peopleB.it is bought with loaned moneyC.it will finally be owned by the bankD.it will finally be owned by the buyers48.According to the author, buying new objects on borrowed money is ________.A.unwiseB.shamefulC.understandableD.impressive49.“Smart people” in the last paragraph refer to ________.A.clever businessmenB.people with high IQsC.fashionable wealthy peopleD.people good at money management50.The purpose of this passage is to ________.A.show sympathy with poor consumersB.criticize consumption of luxuriesC.advise people to become money-smartD.persuade people to keep off fashionsPart IV Cloze Test (15 minutes, 10 points)Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.There is one fairly standard reason why some thinkers regard the meaning-of-life question as being itself meaningless. They argue __51___ meaning is a matter of language, not objects. It is a __52__ of the way we talk about things, not a feature of things themselves, __53___ shape, weight or color. A cabbage or a computer is not meaningful in itself; it becomes __54___ only by being caught up in our conversation. On this theory, we can make life __55__ by our talk about it; but it cannot have a meaning in itself, __56___ than a cloud can. It would not __57__ sense, for example, to speak of a cloud as being true or false. ___58__, truth and falsehood are functions ofour humman judgements about clouds. However, there are problems with this argument, __59___ there are with most philosophical arguments. We shall be __60___ a few of them later on.51. A. that B. how C. if D. what52. A. means B. question C. problem D. method53. A. with B. for C. like D. as54. A. this B. that C. such D. so55. A. rich B. important C. meaningful D. colorful56. A. not more B. far moreC. much moreD. any more57. A. make B. bring C. take D. give58. A. Hence B. Rather C. Still D. Therefore59. A. when B. since C. as D. for60. A. writing about B. hunting forC. listening toD. looking at英语试卷二Part V Translation (30 minutes, 10 points)Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.Human friends may come and go, but a horse could be one of your most loyal, long-term friends if you treat it right.Horses understand words better than expected, since horses can hear the human voice better than even dogs can, due to their particular range of hearing. And scientists predict that trainers could have greater success if they use more verbal commands in their horse training programs.Horses possess excellent memories, which allow horses to not only recall their human friends after a long period of separation but also to remember some complex human instructions for ten years or more. The bonds with humans are likely an extension of horse behavior in the wild, since horsesvalue their own horse relatives and friends, and are also open to new, non-threatening acquaintances. Horses maintain long-term bonds with several members of their family group, but they also interact temporarily with members of other groups when forming herds.Part VI Writing (30 minutes, 15 points)Directions: You are to write in no less than 120 words on the topic of “The Country I Would Like to Visit”. You may base your composition on the clues given below:1.假如有机会到国外度假两周，你会选择哪个国家?2.请至少给出三个理由。

在职研究生英语考题与答案25页1、2、101、今晚她很可能给我打电话。

（likely）1.She is very likely to ring me tonight.2、我看不懂这篇文章（beyond）2.Understanding this article is beyond my capacity.3、新刷的一层油漆可使房间焕然一新（transform）3. A fresh coat of paint can transform a room.4、做事不先考虑总会导致失败。

（result in）4.Acting before thinking always results in failure.5、他估计那项工作需要三个月。

（estimate）5.He estimated that the work would take three months.6、我们相信这个协议将会积极地促进两国之间的贸易。

（promote）6.We believe that this agreement will positively promote the trade between our two countries.7.新机场必将推动这个地区的旅行业。

（push ahead）7.The new airport will certainly push ahead the tourism in this region.8、网络经济将对人们的生活产生重要的影响。

（have significant influence on） economy will have significant influence on the people’s life.9、在昨天的会议上，他提出了一个新的经济发展计划。

（bring forward）9.At the yesterday’s meeting, he brought forward a new plan for the economic development.10、到目前为止，他们还没有找到遇难的渔船。

在职研究生《研究生英语》课程结业考试试卷2答案Part I1. b2. a3. b4. b5. a6. c7. c8. c9. a 10. d 11. d 12. d 13. d 14. a 15. b 16. a 17. a 18. b 19. c 20. cPart II21. b 22. c 23. a 24. b 25. c 26. a 27. d 28. b 29. a 30. c 31. d 32. c 33. d 34. b 35. a 36. d 37. b 38. c 39. a 40. d41. b 42. a 43. d 44. d 45. b 46. c 47. a 48. a 49. c 50. c 51. d 52. a 53. d 54. b 55. d 56. c 57. a 58. b 59. c 60. cPart III61. d 62. b 63. c 64. a 65. b66. c 67. b 68. b 69. d 70. a71. d 72. a 73. c 74. b 75. c76. c 77. b 78. d 79. d 80. cPart IV89. Office-practice lawyers’advocacy for their clients is notdirected at the judge or the jury.90. The four major functions of money are as a medium ofexchange, a standard of value, a standard of deferred payment, and a store of value.87. That shopping mall covers an area of 200,000 square meters,which has eight floors with many shops selling famous-brand products in it.88.The old and shabby black and white TV in his dormitory was leftby his friend86. The chief objective of the W orld Bank is to assist in thereconstruction and development of members’ territories.81-85 在美国，普通法的影响一直是主要的。

（推荐）历年来在职研究⽣英语考试试卷以及答案2005年在职攻读硕⼠学位全国联考[供报考学科教学(英语)专业考⽣使⽤]Section I Use of English (20 minutes, 10 % )Read the Jbllowing text. Choose tile best word or phrase jbr eacb, numbered blank.Most worthwhile careers require some kind of specialized training. Ideally, therefore, the choice of an 01 should be made even before the choice of a curriculum in high school. Actually, 02 , most people make several job choices during their working _ 03 ,partly because of economic and industrial changes and partly to 04 _ their position. The "one perfect job" does not exist. Young people should 05 enter into a broad flexible training program that will 06 them for a field of work rather than for a single 07 Unfortunately, many young people have to make career plans 08 benefit of help from a competent vocational counselor. They choose their lifework on a hit-or-miss 09 because they know little about the occupational world. Some 10 from job to job; others 11 to work in which they are unhappy and for which they are not fitted.One common 12 is choosing an occupation for its real or imagined prestige (reputation) . Too many high school students choose their professional field, 13 both the relatively small proportion of workers in the professions and the extremely high educational and personal 14 . The imagined or real prestige of a profession or a "white-collar" job is 15 good reason for choosing it as life's work. 16 , these occupations are not always well paid. Since a large proportion of jobs are in mechanical and manual work, the 17 of young people should give serious 18 to these fields.Before making an occupational choice, a person should have a general idea of what he wants out of life and how hard he is willing to work to get it. Some people desire social prestige, others 19 satisfaction. Some want security, others are willing to take 20 for financial gain. Each occupational choice has its demands as well as its rewards.01. IA] assignment lB] engagement [C] identification ID] occupation02. [ a ] however [ B ] therefore [ C ] though [ I) ] moreover03. [A] phases [ BI periods [ C] lives [ D] times04. [ A ] boost [ BI secure [C] upgrade [ D] improve05. IA] since [ Bi ever ICI hence [ D] thereof06. [A] stir [B] fit [C] fix [DJ suit07. [ A ] job [ B ] area [ C ] trade [ D ] firm08. [ A] against [ B ] beyond [ C ] versus [ D] without09. [ a ] basis [ B ] drive [ C ] policy [ D ] tactics10. [ A ] flow [ B ] drift [ C ] shift [ D ] float11. [ A ] proceed [ B ] appeal [ C ] stick [ D ] tend12. [ A ] misdeed [ B ] mistake [ C ] misdoing [ D ] misbehavior13. [ A ] considering [ B ] concerning [ C ] dismissing [ D ] disregarding14. [ a ] preferences [ B ] requirements [ C ] achievements [ D ] prospects15. [a] one [B] the [C] no ID] so16. [A] Regrettably [B] Unluckily IC] Nevertheless ID] Moreover17. [ A ] majority [ B ] whole [ C ] mass [ D ] mainstream18. [ A ] speculation [ B ] reflection [ C ] consideration [ D ] observation19. IA] sensual [BI virtual IC] intellectual [D] substantial20. [ A ] ventures [ B ] chances [ C ] stakes [ D ] risksSection II Reading comprehension (70 minutes, 50 % )Part ARead the following text and answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D.As the material of genuine development is that of human contacts and associations, so the end, the value that is the criterion and directing guide of educational work, is social. The acquisition of skills is not an end in itself. They are things to be put to use, and that use is their contribution to a common and shared life. They are intended, indeed, to make an individual more capable of self-support and of self-respecting independence. But unless this end is placed in the context of services rendered to others, skills gained will be put to an egoistic and selfish use, and may be employed as means of a trained smartness in which one person gets the better of others. Too often, indeed, the schools, through reliance upon the spur of competition and the awarding of special honors and prizes, only build up and strengthen the character that makes an individual when he leaves school employ his special talents and superior skill to outwit his fellows without respect for the welfare of others. What is true of the skills acquired in school, is true also of the knowledge gained there. The educational end and the ultimate test of the value of what is learned is its use and application in carrying on and improving the common life of all. It should never be forgotten that the background of the traditional educationalsystem is a class society and that opportunity for instruction in certain subjects, especially literary ones and in mathematics beyond the bases of simple arithmetical subject, was reserved for the wellborn and the well-to-do. Because of this fact, knowledge of these subjects became a symbol of cultural superiority and social status. For many persons the possession of knowledge was a means of display, almost of showing off. Useful knowledge, on the other hand, was necessary only for those who were compelled by their class status to work for a living. The uselessness of knowledge for all purposes save purely personal culture was proof of its higher quality.Even after education in many countries was made universal, these standards of value persisted. There is no greater egoism than that of learning when it is treated simply as a mark of personal distinction to be held and cherished for its own sake. Yet the only way of eliminating this quality of exclusiveness is that all conditions of the school environment should tend in actual practice to develop in individuals the realization that knowledge is a possession held in trust for the furthering of the well-being of all.21. The author deems it right for schools to offer people[ A ] means of attaining their ends.[ B ] opportunities of gaining celebrity.[ C ] skills needed for serving the public.[ D ] knowledge for securing decent status.22. Learned skills may be applied properly as long as[ A ] they are intended for common good.[ B ] they submit to general social context.[ C ] they are used at the cost of self-interest.[ D] they defy all sorts of egoistic attempts.23. The author criticizes current education for its[ A ] stimulation of self-seeking ambitions.[ B ] advocacy of fighting for affluence.[ C ] encouragement of merciless rivalry.[ D ] preference for talented youngsters.24. Traditional education was unfair because of[ A] the privileges enjoyed by the noble class.[ B ] the general devaluation of useful knowledge.[ C ] the misuse of knowledge for mere self-display.[ D ] the inability of the poor to afford much training.25. The phrase "in trust (for)" in the last sentence of the text probably means[ A ] with firm faith (in) .[ B ] for the advantage (of)[ C ] in responsibility (for)[ D ] on full credit (to)26. The text ends by suggesting that[ A ] selfishness is inherent to the pursuit of knowledge.[ B ] universal education has been changed qualitatively.[ C ] learning should be prized for the advantages it gives.[ D ] education must persist in its social criteria of value.Part BYou are going to read an extract about telegraphic speech. Six paragraphs have been removed from the extract. Choose from the paragraphs A - G the one which fits each gap (27 - 32) . There is one extra paragraph which you do not need to use. Telegraphic SpeechAnother way that early child language has been characterized is that early sentences appear to be very much like telegrams. Because telegraph companies often charge by the word, when one sends a telegram one tries to eliminate as many of the words as possible while still retaining the essence of what must be communicated.27The words that are retained are content words, such as nouns and verbs; the words that are lost are most often function words, such as pronouns, articles, prepositions, conjunctions and verbal auxiliaries. Early child language appears to be very similar. In general, content words such as nouns and verbs are uttered, while other words are not.28Another difference is that not all function words are omitted. There are three types of function words which are likely to be used quite early in children's speech. The first is personal pronouns, especially first and second person and their possessive adjectives. Unlike many function words, these words have relatively clear referents, and are useful to communicate some of the basic roles in discourse and the concept of objects belonging to individuals.29A third class is verb particles, such as up in get up, down in put down, off in take off, or on in put on. Often the particles are used in place of the entire verb- particle unit instead of the verb alone, as might be expected.30There is reason to believe that the last word is more stressed than other words in a sentence. The third reason is that the verbs such as get, put, and take often have very general and vague meanings, which are probably difficult for the child to extract, whereas the meanings of up, down, off, and so on, are easier to understand.31Another trap in the telegraphic speech analogy is that in composing a telegram adults start with a complete utterance and eliminate function words. One can take the analogy too literally and suggest that children have more developed syntax than they show, but due to limited memory children express only part of thesyntactic torm they have available to them.32The characterization of early speech as telegraphic applies not 0niy to English, but to early speech in other languages as well. If one measures development in terms of the percentage of function morphemes present, one finds a consistent picture across languages.A The next class of function words used quite early is the demonstrative pronouns this and that. These pronounsserve a function in adult speech that corresponds to children's first referential utterances, and thus are among the first words used. These words, too, can be used to refer to the basic roles children first communicate.B The use of a verb particle in place of the verb is especially noticeable in children who are learning German, which makes much greater use of verb-particle constructions than does English.C The first people to study the two-word stage found that there appeared to be a consistent pattern to these early sentences. Although the child may have a vocabulary of 50 or more words, the first two-word sentences seemed to be such that one of the words usually seemed to come from a very small set of words.D As a general characterization, the term telegraphic speech seems quite proper, but one should be cautioned from taking the analogy too literally. For one thing, children tend to omit inflections, such as the plural ending on nouns. These inflections are retained by adults in telegrams, as the telegraphcompanies don't charge extra for them.E Most observers now believe that children use telegraphic speech because they have not mastered the other parts of the syntax rather than because of any memory limitations.F Suppose, for example, one wishes to communicate: My wallet has been stolen. Therefore I need money. Please send me $ 500 in care of American Express Copenhagen. The telegram would look something like this: WALLET STOLEN. SEND $ 500 AMERICAN EXPRESS COPENHAGEN.G There are at least three reasons why this happens. One is that such particles often convey the main stress in the sentence. When a caregiver says: let me pick you up, the main sentence stress is on the up. A second reason is that such words are often the last word in a sentence.Part CYou are going to read a passage about how to become more creative. Choose from the list A - G the headings which best summaries each paragraph ( 33 - 38) of the passage. There is one extra heading that you do not need to use.Tips on how to become more creative33Every night, for about 90 minutes, we drift into a strange, shadowy, magical world of our own creation. Poets, writers, artists and even scientists have found inspiration in their "dreamland" . Dreams are a message from the subconscious, away of tapping your inner self. Keep a note pad and pen by your bedside, and as soon as you wake, note down whatever snatches of dreams you can recall. Dreams can solve your problems, give you advice, reveal your true feelings, and be a source of inspiration.34Have you ever thought of a friend just as she unexpectedly phones you? Or sensed an atmosphere in a strange house? Or had a feeling which proved correct? Everyone has a sixth sense--but some use it more than others. To develop your natural psychic abilities, why not start with a simple experiment7 Draw six objects (anything-- a windmill, even a fruit bowl ) in secret, then ask a friend to "receive" the pictures, one at a time, while you "send" them in an adjacent room--then swap roles.35What are you aware of right now7 Look at a familiar object in the room as if seeing it for the first time--explore it with your eyes. Next, listen intently to any sounds you can hear. What can you smell and taste at this moment? Touch whatever is within reach, run your hand over and around it--how does it feel? During the next few weeks stimulate all your senses. Visit an art gallery, walk in a pine forest, luxuriate in a scented bubble bath, go to a concert; swim, have a message. Try to experience it all as if it were totally new to you.36If you're right-handed, develop the skills of your left hand or vice versa-allow it to draw something, switch TV channels or drink a cup of tea. Try this exercise: write a list of ten adjectives which characterize your personality using the hand you usually write with. A few days later, repeat the exercise writing with the otherhand. Then compare the two lists. You might be surprised at the secrets of your inner self! For example, on the first list you might have written that you're "witty", but the second list might say "suspicious" . Then try a similar exercise, making two lists of "What I would most like to do"37Have you ever longed to paint portraits or watercolours, write a novel, draw cartoons, compose a song, design your own clothes, set up a business or landscape your garden? If so, why not start now? Yes, you might discover that your fa'st efforts are laughable-- but try, try again. With a few notable exceptions such as Mozart, most people have't6 develop their creative talents through sheer hard work. Don't kid yourself that you. haven't any spare time. It's a question of making time, of seeing your talents as important enough to devote a few hours to each week. Who knows--you might be the next Laura Ashley or Agatha Christie?38Forget about being told off for daydreaming at school. Daydreaming is good for you! Whether it's a purely escapist fantasy, or a dream about how life might be in the future, only the right-brain has visions of this kind. Creative visualization, vividly imagining whatever you desire as if it has already happened--and reallybelieving in it, is said to be a powerful way of getting what you want. Many top sports people imagine themselves playing and winning--and it seems to work!A Activate your sensesB Record your dreamsC Discover your hidden talentsD Develop your intuitive powersE Try writing with the wrong handF Find time for quiet meditationG Let yourself daydreamPart DYou are going to read a passage about Britain's new drug policy. Decide whether the statements in the box agree with the information given in the passage. You should choose from the following:A YES = the statement agrees with the informationB NO = the statement contradicts the informationC NOT GIVEN = there is no information on this in the passageBritain's new drug policyFor those who believed we were finally making progress on tackling drugs, Nick Davies's report will have made disappointing reading. We were supposed to be in a new era where treatment was finally being given an increased priority, and the impossibility of the old policy's goals, stopping the suppliers, was more widely and realistically accepted. As recently as 1998, some 75% of a ~ 1.4 billion drug control programme went on enforcement and a mere 13% on treatment. But in a close examination of three aspects of the new programme--drugs action teams (DATs), drug treatment and testing orders (DTFOs), and arrest-referralworkers--Mr Davies documents frustrating shortcomings.He went to Bristol where he found the local drugs action team, with a budget of ~3.5m a year, had produced just five extra beds for drag treatment; the arrest- referral team after three years could provide no evidence that even one user had completed a treatment course; and in a city with 12, 500 drug users the local courts last year issued just 48 DTTOs. More serious than these particular policy problems are the structtJra] problems that Mr Davies finds: the 44 different funding streams; the 68-page treatment plan with its 82 targets; the central micro-management with its detailed national guidance and constant reporting back. In the words of Ire firmer manager, who claimed he was left with only 40% of his time to organise services: "They don't know very much about drugs, but they do know about management and monitoring and data collection. So that's what they do."To be fair to the policy-makers, a succession of independent auditors have pointed to a wide variationin local services. Bristol is one of the worst areas. There are 149 DATs nationally. They should not all be judged by Bristol. But even the good ones will be suffering from the micro-management and multiple funding streams that Mr Davies documents. Here are two issues that the new national treatment agency must take up.Whitehall should be reviewing its own policy-making process. DTTOs were an excellent idea, seriously damaged by poor administration. The admirable aim was to ensure drug users who are committing crimes to feed their habits, are treated in the community rather than prison. The programmes are designed to be intense and well-structured to reassure the courts and community. They are expensive (~ 6, 000 a year) but still far cheaper than prison (~ 35, 000 a year) . Offenders are tested for drugs twice a week, spending at least 15 hours a week in sessions designed to bring some order to their chaotic lives, with regular reviews by the courts of their progress. But a recent report by inspectors found the scheme had been unsuccessful because of the failure to produce a national plan and a launch which coincided with the reorganisation of the two key players--probation and primary care trusts.Mr Davies's report also concerns the readiness of Britain to return to an old remedy for dealing with heroin users: medical prescribing where addicts receive pure heroin rather than the low quality drug from the black market. It is the low quality drugs that cause the damage, not the heroin, which does not pose a physical threat, beyond its serious addiction problem. Although dropped by Britain in the last three decades, medical prescribing has successfully been taken up by Switzerland, Germany and the NetherlandYes No Not given39 The article shows a positive attitude towards Britain's new drug policy. IAI lB] IC]40 Drug treatment in Bristol was unsatisfactory. Ia] lB] ICI41 Imprisonment of drug users is not an effective solution. [a] [B] IC]42 The independent auditors have criticized the policy- makers. IAI [B] IC]43 The idea of DTFOs has been very successful. [ a ] [ B ] [ C ]44 Taking a small amount of pure heroin is not physically harmful. IA] lB] ICI45 Some people in Britain are against medical prescribing. IA] lB] [C]2005年在职攻读硕⼠学位全国联考英语⼆试卷⼆Section m Translation (20 minutes, 20 % )Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Assessment is broadly defined to include all activities that teachers and students undertake to get information that can be used diagnostically to alter teaching and learning. [ 46 ] When information from assessment is used to adapt teaching and learning to meet student needs, it becomes formative assessment. which includes teacher observation, classroom discussion, and analysis of student work.When teachers know how students are progressing and where they are having trouble, they can use this information to make necessary instructional adjustments, such as re-teaching, trying ahemative instructional approaches, or offering more opportunities for practice.[47] Black and William (1998) conducted an extensive research review of 250 journal articles and book chapters to determine whether formative assessment raises academic standards in the classroom. They concluded that efforts to strengthen formative assessment produce significant learning gains. Formative assessment apparently helps low-achieving students, including students with learning disabilities, even more than it helped other students.[48 ] Feedback given as part of formative assessment helps learners become aware of any gads that exist between their desired goal and their current knowledge, understanding, or skill and guides them throuAgh actions necessary to obtain the goal. The most helpful type of feedback on tests and homework provides specific comments about errors and specific suggestions for improvement and encourages students to focus their attention thoughtfully on the task rather than on simply getting the right answer. This type of feedback may be particularlyhelpful to lower achieving students because it emphasizes that students can improve as a result of effort rather than be doomed to low achievement due to some presumed lack of innate ability. [ 49 ] Formative assessment helps support theexpectation that all children can learn to high levels and counteracts the cycle in which students attribute poor pertbrmance to lack of ability and therefore become discouraged and unwilling to invest in further learning_While feedback generally originates from a teacher, learners can also play an important role in formative assessment through self-evaluation. [ 50 ] Two experimental research studies have shown that students who understand the learning objectives and assessment criteria and have opportunities to reflect on their work show greater improvement than those who do not. Students with learning disabilities who are taught to use self-monitoring strategies related to their understanding of reading and writing tasks also show performance gains ( Graham,& Harris, 1992)Section IV Writing (40 minutes, 20% )According to a recent survey, college students hold strong mistrusts to college examinations. The bar chart below shows some students' views on the issue.Write an essay to state your point of view on this issue. You should use your own ideas, knowledge and experience to back up your argument. You should write about 300 words.2005年在职攻读硕⼠学位全国联考英语试题参考答案试卷⼀Section I Use of English01. D 02. A 03. C 04. D 05. C 06. B 07. A 08. D 09. A 10. Bll.C 12. B 13. D 14. B 15. C 16. D 17. A 18. C 19. C 20. D Section II Reading ComprehensionPart A 21. C 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. DPart B 27. F 28. D 29. A 30. G 31. B 32. EPartC 33. B 34. D 35. A 36. E 37. C 38. GPart D 39. B 40. A 41. A 42. C 43. B 44. A 45. C试卷⼆SectionⅢTranslation46．当评价信息⽤来调整教学和学习从⽽满⾜学⽣的学习需求时，评价便成为形成性评价，它包括教师观察、课堂讨论以及对学⽣作业的分析。

在职研究生英语练习题二参考答案Part I Vocabulary and Structure1-5 ABCDA 6-10 CDABB11-15 ABBAA 16-20 BBCDAPart II. Cloze1-5 DACBA 6-10 CDBAC11-15 BADCB 16-20 ACBDD21-25 BAADC 26-30 DBAAB31-35 ACDBC 36-40 ADDACⅢ. Reading Comprehension1-5 CBDBB 6-10 CCBDAPartⅣ Translate the following sentences into English.1. Research shows there are pathways through the heartache. Listening to sad music is a major one. It can help you begin to feel joy and hopefulness about your life again. It can activate empathy and the desire to connect with others.2. Chinese tea culture started to enjoy popularity during the Tang Dynasty and flourished throughout the Song Dynasty, when tea had become a necessity for almost everyone, such as rice, oil and salt.3. Nothing will be clean until it is cleansed. Nothing will be pure until it is refined. Only by ridding ourselves of any banality, canwe become truly original. （孙联奎《诗品臆说》）4. Our world is full of both hope and challenges. We should not give up on our dreams because the reality around us is too complicated; we should not stop pursuing our ideals because they seem out of our reach.5. A country will be full of hope and have a great tomorrow only when its younger generations have ideals, ability, and a strong sense of responsibility.6. If love between both sides can last for aye，Why need they stay together night and day? 这里last for aye中，aye意为“永远”，古英语，这里用看上去比forever要典雅。

在职考研英语试题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分，每题4分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选择最佳答案。

A篇In recent years, the number of people returning to school to pursue higher education has been on the rise. This trend is particularly noticeable among working professionals who are looking to advance their careers. According to a survey conducted by the National Center for Education Statistics, the percentage of adult learners in higher education has increased by 15% over the past decade.1. What is the main reason for adults returning to school?A. To gain new skills.B. To advance their careers.C. To change their jobs.D. To meet new people.2. How much has the percentage of adult learners increased in the past decade?A. 5%B. 10%C. 15%D. 20%B篇The use of technology in education has been a topic of debate for many years. Some argue that it enhances learning, whileothers believe it can be a distraction. A recent study published in the Journal of Educational Technology found that students who used digital tools in the classroom performed better on tests than those who did not.3. What is the main topic of the debate?A. The cost of technology in education.B. The impact of technology on learning.C. The types of technology used in education.D. The future of technology in education.4. What did the study find about the use of digital tools?A. They have no effect on test performance.B. They can be a distraction in the classroom.C. They improve test performance.D. They are not necessary for learning.二、完形填空（共20分，每题2分）阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选择最佳答案填空。

2024年研究生考试-在职硕士-英语考试历年真题常考点试题带答案（图片大小可任意调节）第1卷一.单选题(共20题)1.The Salk vaccine is a major factor in the fight to eradicate polio.pletely destroyB. carefully disguiseC. sustainD. contain2.The fear of smallpox, which terrorized the eighteenth century, has no analogy(likeness) today.A. occurrenceB. remnants 残留物C. witnessesD. parallel3.All living organisms, regardless of their unique identity, have certain biological, chemical, and physical characteristics in common.A.as a result ofB.consideringC.cognizant of(conscious of, aware of)D. whatever4.In the northeastern United States, it rains intermittently 间歇地 throughout the spring.A.steadilyB.abundantlyC. periodicallyD. dailyA.inflatedB. stableC. variedD.well-regulated6.Food must be moist in order to have a taste.A.appetizing(delicious)B. nutritiousC. dampD. chewed7.An oversight 遗漏 (miss, overslaugh) in proofreading often results in printed errors.A.An inconsistencyB. A discriminationC. A blotchD.An inattention8.Blue－green algae grow abundantly in salt marshes.A. primarilyB.slowlyC.on plants(cultivate)D. in great numbers9.The flower bud of a water lily 百合 opens at sunset since .its opening istriggered(commence) .by the decreased light.A. alleviated 减轻B. enduredC.set offD.covered up10.The future survival of the bald eagle is still an important American ecological concern.A. migrationB.populationC. existenceD. evolution11.Solid geometry has enabled astronomers to calculate the positions of the heavenly bodies relative to one another.A. on top ofB.next to12.With the acquisition of smaller companies by larger ones, the 1960's saw a wave of new conglomerates.A. surgeB.handfulC. suspensionD. dissolution 分解13.Despite the proliferation of other faster modes of transportation, the railroads remain the largest carriers of intercity freight in the United States.A.schemesB. meansC.tracksD. variables14.When carbon is added to iron in the proper proportions , the result is steel.A. containerB. sequenceC. laboratoriesD.amounts15.Formerly , in the United States, many nurses worked as private duty nurses rather than in hospitals.A.PreviouslyB. StrictlyC. OfficiallyD. Periodically16.Insect pests are among the leading causes of crop failure.A.expectedB. chiefC. naturalD. least17.The wheels of the first road vehicles were fashioned from crude stone disks.A.hand-carvedB.roughly madeC. flatD. heavy18.The Native American interpreter Sacajawea was a valuable member of the Lewis and darkA.very friendlyB. very usefulC. very thoughtful.D.very wealthy19.Urban renewal programs strive to upgrade areas that are becoming slums.A.reproachB. improveC.fortifyD.uproot20.Mary McCarthy s satires 讽刺文学 are couched in a prose style that has a classic precision.A.fusedB.prefacedC. standardizedD. expressed第2卷一.单选题(共20题)1.The first important exposition in the United States was held in Philadelphia in 1876.A.exhibitionB. concertC. excursionD.contest2.Eyespots, the most rudimentary eyes, are found in protozoan原生动物 flagellates 鞭毛虫 , flatworms 扁形虫 , and segmented worms片段蠕虫 .A.hostile-lookingB.perceptiveC. primitiveD.strangely formed3.Some animals pant and sweat to speed evaporation of body moisture and thus cool themselves.A.wiggle 摆动 slowlyD.perspire4.A mythical(imaginary) creature, the dragon was believed to have lion's claws, scaly skin, and fiery breath.A. legendaryB. magicalC.frighteningD.perplexing5.Some cosmetics manufacturers attempt to capture the rose's unmistakable fragrance香味in soaps and perfumes.A.designB.textureC. scentD. freshness6.The controls of most modern airplanes can be operated either manually or automatically.A.by the bookB.by a mapC. by logicD. by handmunication is one of the most important bonds that hold cultural systems together.A.obligationsB.qualitiesC. linksD. needs8.While Billie Holiday did not invent the music called "the blues", she most assuredly helped popularize it.A. finallyB.certainlyC.earnestlyD.enthusiastically9.People who do not sleep enough tend to become irritable .A.easily annoyedB. illC. wearyD.stiff and soreA. numberedB. stabilizedC. contrastedD.considered11.The company issues an annual report every March.A.a yearlyB. a comprehensiveC. a financialD.a product12.Cream of tartar 酒石 , a weak acid, can be added to egg whites to help them foam泡沫when they are beatenA.whippedB. agedC.boiledD.cracked13.Double Eagle in the first transatlantic balloon, was greeted by avid crowds in France.A.eagerB.surgingC.appreciativeD.vigorous14.Some sea urchins海胆 have venomous (toxin) spinesA.sensuous (feeling)B.crooked (twisted)C. poisonousD.sticky15.Some children display an unquenchable 难以抑制的 curiosity about every new thing they encounter.A.insatiable 贪的无厌的B. inherentC.indiscriminate 不加选择的D. incredible16.One of the greatest breakthroughs for professional women came in 1973 when the field of banking opened up for them.A. most serious disappointmentsB.most significant advances17.The first paper was made from the bark of the mulberry tree.A. dried woodB. outer coveringC.syrup(sirup)D. root18.In 1974 Henry Aaron broke Babe Ruth's monumental lifetime record of 714 home runs.A.archaic(old, antique)B. degrading (discredit)C.outstandingD.entire19.Formulated in 1823, the Monroe Doctrine asserted that the Americas were no longer open to European colonization.A. emphatically statedB. belligerently(aggressively) arguedC. accentuated(emphasize)D. entreated 恳求（implore, plea, invoke ）20.Ella Grasso, elected governor of Connecticut in 1974, supported the enactment (given, granted) of a freedom-of-information law.A. passingB.advocatesC. draftingD. circulation第1卷参考答案一.单选题1.参考答案： A2.参考答案： D3.参考答案： D4.参考答案： C5.参考答案： C6.参考答案： C7.参考答案： D8.参考答案： D9.参考答案： C10.参考答案： C11.参考答案： D12.参考答案： A13.参考答案： B14.参考答案： D16.参考答案： B17.参考答案： B18.参考答案： B19.参考答案： B20.参考答案： D第2卷参考答案一.单选题1.参考答案： A2.参考答案： C3.参考答案： D4.参考答案： A6.参考答案： D7.参考答案： C8.参考答案： B9.参考答案： A10.参考答案： D11.参考答案： A12.参考答案： A13.参考答案： A14.参考答案： C15.参考答案： A16.参考答案： B18.参考答案： C19.参考答案： A20.参考答案： A。

2023年在职攻读硕士学位硕士全国联考英语试题英语试卷一Part I Dialogue Communication (15 minutes, 15 points)Section A dialogue communicationDirections: In this section, you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue. Mark you answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.1. Speaker A: Excuse me, but can you tell us where the conference room is?Speaker B: __________ The conference room is located on the third floor of the hotel.A. Of course, sir.B. Yes, please.C. Right, sir.D. You are welcome.2. Speaker A: __________Speaker B: I’m running a temperature, and feel sick.A. What can I do for you?B. What seems to be the trouble?C. What are you doing these days?D. How long has this been going on?3. Speaker A: Nancy, you look very well.Speaker B: Thank you, Jane. You look wonderful too. Your weekend swimming must have done good to you.Speaker A: ______________A. You think so? That’s encouraging.B. That’s very kind of you.C. Are you serious? Thank you anyway.D. Are you kidding? I don’t believe it.4. Speaker A: It took me ten years to build up my business, and it almost killed me.Speaker B: Well, you know what they say: _________A. There is no smoke without fire.B. Practice makes perfect.C. All roads lead to Rome.D. No pains, no gains.5. Speaker A: Don’t you smoke?Speaker B: ______________A. No. Nothing interests me less than smoking.B. Yes. I have never smoked in my life.C. No. Only once in a while.D. Yes. And I hate others smoking in my face.Section B Dialogue ComprehensionDirections: In this section, you will read 5 short conversations between a man and a woman. At the end of each conversation there is a question followed by four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answer to the question from the four choices given and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.6. Woman: I just found out at registration that the creative writing class is full. Now I have to waita whole year to get in.Man: Why don’t you check back after the first week? Somebody might drop it.Question: What does the man suggest the woman should do?A. Make sure the registration office didn’t make a mistake.B. Decide whether to drop the course next week.C. Find out if a place opens up in the course later.D. Take the course next year.7. Woman: I want to talk with Tom now.Man: You can’t do that. He is in a bad mood.Question: Why can’t the woman talk to Tom now?A. Tom is terribly ill.B. Tom is in low spirits.C. Tom is bad-tempered.D. Tom is very nervous.8. Woman: You often complain a lot about your boss. But today you are different.Man: We had a heart-to-heart talk and I saw him new eyes.Question: What does the man mean?A. He saw his boss as a real person for the first time.B. He is now complaining in a different way.C. He has made his boss change his attitude.D. He has changed his opinion of his boss.9. Woman: Maybe we should take the front street this morning. The radio announcer said that thetraffic is very heavy on the freeway.Man: Well, if he says to take the front street, we should go the other way.Question: What does the man think of the radio announcer?A. He’s humorous.B. He makes no mistakes.C. He doesn’t speak clearly.D. He’s unreliable.10. Woman: I didn’t see you at the concert last night. What’s wrong with you?Man: That’s not my cup of tea.Question: What does the man mean?A. He is not fond of concerts.B. He didn’t like the tea at the concert.C. He left early to have some tea with somebody else.D. He doesn’t want to tell the woman why he was not there.Part II Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes, 10 points)Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.11. The work has __________ the status of a classic among the composer’s admirers.A. requiredB. acquiredC. inquiredD. inspired12. Some people think they can read a man’s ________ from his handwriting.A. attributeB. featureC. propertyD. character13. The young heir was so _______ that he gave all his money away in a couple of years.A. handsomeB. genuineC. talentedD. generous14. Only by understanding the Web deeply _______ hope for people to grasp its full potential.A. can there beB. can be thereC. be there canD. there can be15. What you’re _______ to read may challenge your assumptions about the kind of world we livein.A. aroundB. aheadC. aboveD. about16. The goal is to use crops, weeds and even animal waste _______ the petroleum that fuels muchof American manufacturing.A. in terms ofB. in favor ofC. in spite ofD. in place of17. The _______ he said it he knew what a mistake he had made.A. momentB. timeC. occasionD. hour18. I ________ rather solve the problems in my farm myself than seek the help of other people.A. shouldB. shallC. wouldD. will19. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the _______ that its disadvantagesare far greater than its advantages.A. solutionB. conclusionC. answerD. attention20. By the time you have completed the essential training, you _____ exposed to virtually everynew feature of the course.A. will have beenB. will beC. would have beenD. would be21. Too often teachers’_______ with parents involve complaints about children’s misbehaviorsand laziness.A. acquaintancesB. associationsC. conferencesD. consultations22. _________ I admit that the problems are difficult, I don’t agree that they cannot be solved.A. WhenB. WhereC. WhileD. Why23. He should _______ be allowed to get up until he has completely recovered from his illness.A. in caseB. in any caseC. in that caseD. in no case24. If nature does not provide man with the necessary material, it is the laboratory ________ hewill turn to for it.A. whereB. whichC. thatD. what25. All flights ________ because of the snowstorm, they decided to take the train.A. were cancelledB. have been cancelledC. had been cancelledD. having been cancelled26. I really appreciate ________ to help me, but I am sure that I can manage by myself.A. you to comeB. that you comeC. your comingD. how you come27. A new system of quality control was _________to overcome the shortcomings in the firm’sproducts.A. investedB. informedC. introducedD. instructed28. It may be worthwhile at this moment to_____ and see what results we have got after oneyear’s experiments.A. look backB. look aroundC. look upD. look forward29. I don’t think Mr. Watson will come here again today. Please give the ticket to ________ comeshere first.A. whomeverB. whomC. whoD. whoever30. Far too many owners of electric appliances have a hard time ____ qualified repairmen to fixtheir machines.A. findingB. to findC. to findingD. having foundPart III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center. Passage OneDon't have time to read anymore? Now you can get free, quick literature via email. More than 100,000 people open their email each day to read a chapter of a book, through Chapter-A-Day, an online book club created two years ago. It's a free email service that provides a short daily reading for busy people, exposing them to literature they may not find on their own, inspiring some to recommit to the reading habit. About 550 public library systems representing over 3,000 branch libraries already have signed up to offer Chapter-A-Day. Via email, participants get about five minutes' worth of reading every day. After three chapters are emailed, the installments stop, and those who want to keep reading can borrow the book at their public library or purchase it online. Chapter-A-Day has eight free book clubs, and sells thousands of books each month.Chapter-A-Day started in 1999 when Suzanne Beecher, a lifelong book lover, realized howmany of the women who worked part-time for her software development company didn't have time in their busy lives to read. She decided to type part of a chapter of a book, and send it to her employees through email. The next day she typed a little more, and continued to send literary installments each day. She says she started getting feedback from the staff about how reading made them feel. “They were interested, and realized that, though they didn't have time in their busy lives for reading, just reading that little bit each day got them back in the habit.” Realizing that many other people could benefit, she decided to take the idea even further and start an email “chapter-a-day” b ook club to help others ease their way back into daily reading. “Reading makes changes in people's lives,” Beecher says.Pat Dempsey, a librarian at a public library in Ohio, has found Chapter-A-Day helps her library clients get back in the habit of r eading. “It's a different way to get people hooked on books,” she says.31. Chapter-A-Day is intended to help people _______.A. get back into the habit of readingB. relieve stress from office workC. find interesting books onlineD. buy books more conveniently32. The passage was written in ___________.A. 1999B. 2023C. 2023D. 202333. It can be inferred that through Chapter-A-Day _________.A. public libraries have become crowded with readersB. Ms Beecher made much money for her software companyC. people begin to read very slowly and patientlyD. people cannot finish reading any book online34. The word “installment” in the passage probably means “ ________. ”A. a library emailB. a rare piece of literatureC. a free novelD. a part of a book35. Ms Beecher decided to expand her Chapter-A-Day service because_____.A. over 3, 000 libraries had joinedB. many other people could benefitC. eight book clubs supported herD. free email service was availablePassage TwoChicago Public Schools are going to great lengths to hire teachers—now the school district recruits teachers from other countries to help solve a shortage of teachers. It all started in 1999, when Rouses Hannon, a math and physics teacher from Palestine(巴勒斯坦), visited Chicago. He read about the teacher shortage at Chicago Public Schools and asked the school board if they’d hire him. The board was interested and decided to create a special program for foreign-born teachers like Hannon, and he was the first teacher hired.The program is called the Global Educator Outreach or GEO, and it’s a partnership between Chicago Public Schools and the U. S. Government. Because the teacher shortage in Chicago is so extreme, the Government allows the school district to temporarily hire foreign teaching candidates using HI-B visas. The Government grants these visas only to skilled foreign-born citizens so they can work in highly specialized jobs that can’t be filled with available U. S. workforce.Through the GEO, the school district has hired dozens of teachers from 22 different countries. Applicants must pass an English language test and specialize in math, science, world language or bilingual(双语旳) education. Hannon and the first GEO teachers started in the classroom at the beginning of the 2023-2023 school year.What do the GEO teachers think of the American classroom? Hannon, who was hired to teach math at Gage Park High School, says classrooms in Chicago are very different from those in Palestine. For one thing, he says, the fixed schedule that forces students to attend the same classes at the same time each day becomes too dull. In Palestine, the class schedule changes each week. He says in Palestine, the culture forces students to work hard because if they don’t they’ll be kicked out and put in vocational schools, which limits their career options. There is not nearly as much pressure for American students to do well. He says he has to do double the amount of work just to get his students interested.36. Chicago Public Schools began to employ foreign teachers because_____.A. there were not enough American teachersB. a program for foreign teachers was startedC. the school board was interested in foreign teachersD. foreign teachers taught better than American teachers.37. The American Government is involved in the program because _______.A. the schools are public schoolsB. the Government is to finance the programC. the Government grants visas to the foreign teachersD. the program involves bilingual education38. It seems that the Global Educator Outreach will_____.A. be difficult to continueB. last a limited period of timeC. pose a threat to US workforceD. be extended to other cities39. Chicago Public Schools do not seem to lack teachers of _______.A. EnglishB. mathC. scienceD. world language40. Hannon, as a GEO teacher, has found that _______.A. class schedules in America and Palestine are very much the sameB. fixed class schedules make it easy for teachers to prepare lessonsC. vocational schools offer a good career option for American studentsD. American students do not work as hard as Palestinian students Passage ThreeWorkforce is defined as the total number of people who are available to work and earn incomes. The definition includes everyone who is employed or seeking paid employment, so it includes employers and the self-employed.Although the size of the workforce depends a great deal on the size of the total population, there are several other influences which also affect it. The age distribution of the total population has a very marked effect on the available workforce. If the population has a high proportion of very young people or of those too old to work, then the available workforce would be lower than if there were an evenly spread age distribution. If the population grows rapidly from natural increase, i.e., the number of births greatly exceeds the number of deaths, then as the total population increases, the proportion in the workforce declines.Sometimes a population is described as aging, which means that the birth rate is either falling or growing very slowly, and as people retire from the workforce, there are not enough young people entering it to replace those who are leaving it. The population is top-heavy with older people. So the percentage of the population in the workforce declines when there is either a rapid increase in births or a falling birth rate.The age distribution of the population has several important effects on the economy. If the population is aging and there is an increase in the number of people retiring without a corresponding increase in the number entering the workforce, this raises the problem of the ability of the economy to provide a reasonable level of social services to the retired group. If the aged are to be cared for in special homes or hotels, finances must be available for that purpose. If the size of the workforce is small relative to the total population, then the government tax receipts arerelatively low and either the government has less money available to it or the workforce members have to be taxed more heavily.41. Workforce is composed of _________.A. both the employed and the self-employedB. people employed to work for othersC. both employers and employeesD. people available to work and earn incomes42. The factor that does not influence the size of the workforce is _______.A. the size of the total populationB. the age distribution of a populationC. the national economyD. the natural population growth43. It can be concluded from Paragraph 2 that ________.A. a population growth leads to a greater proportion of workforceB. a large population does not necessarily mean a high proportion of workforceC. the size of the aged determines the proportion of workforceD. the proportion of the very young determines the size of workforce44. The size of the workforce declines when ________.A. many people reach the retiring ageB. the birth rate falls rapidlyC. the number of retirees exceeds that of new workersD. the death rate increases45. The last paragraph focuses on _______.A. the factors that influence the workforce structureB. the importance of workforce distribution to the economyC. the relationship between age distribution and economyD. the influence of population growth on the national economyPassage FourHonesty is the best policy, as the English saying goes. Unfortunately, honesty often deserts us when no one is watching, British psychologists reported last week.Researchers at UK’s Newcastle University set up an experiment in their psychology depar tment’s coffee room. They set a kettle, with tea, coffee and milk on the counter and hung up a sign listing the prices for drinks. People helping themselves to a cup of drink were supposed to put a few cents in the box nearby. The scientists hung a poster above the money box, and it changed each week between images of gazing eyes and pictures of flowers. The researchers found that staff paid 2.76 times more for their drinks when the image of the eyes was hung. “Frankly we were shocked by the size of the effect,” said Gilbert Roberts, one of the researchers.Eyes are known to be a powerful perceptual(感官旳) signal for humans. “Even though the eyes were not real, they still seemed to make people behave more honestly,” said Melissa Bateson,a behavioral biologist and leader of the study.Researchers believe the effect sheds light on our evolutionary past. It may arise from behavioral features that developed when early humans formed social groups to strengthen their chances of survival. For social groups to work, individuals had to co-operate, rather than act selfishly. “There’s an argument that if nobody is watching us, it is in our interests to behave selfishly. But when we’re being watched we should behave better. So people see us as co-operative and behave the same way towards us,” Bateson said.The new finding indicates that people have a striking response to eyes. That might be because eyes and faces send a strong biological signal we have evolved to respond to. The finding could be put to practical use, too. For example, images of eyes could increase ticket sales on public transport and improve supervision systems to prevent antisocial behavior.46. The experiment conducted in Newcastle University shows that ________.A. people enjoy free drinks more than paid onesB. most people are dishonest if nobody is watchingC. people like pictures of flowers more than pictures of eyesD. people are more honest when watched by pictures of eyes47. Gilbert Roberts was shocked because _______ _.A. so many people had participated in the experimentB. so many of the participants were dishonestC. the effects of the pictures of flowers and gazing eyes were so differentD. the effects of eyes and other perceptual signals were so powerful48. The phrase “sheds light on” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”.A. hints atB. makes clearerC. points toD. further proves49. According to the passage, early humans _________.A. were less selfish than the present-day peopleB. were more co-operative in natureC. had to be co-operative to surviveD. had to behave better than the present-day people50. Images of eyes could be put up in the following places EXCEPT _________.A. subway entrancesB. supermarketsC. back streetsD. hotel bedroomsPart IV Cloze Test (15 minutes, 10 points)Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.German zoologist Randolf Menzel says bees aren’t as busy as people believe they are. “Bees are not particularly ___51___. Instead they sleep a lot and are lazy. They spend ___52___ 80 percent of the night sleeping. Even during the day they often fly to the nest ___53___ they rest their wings,” said Menzel, a zoologist at the Free University in Berlin, who has studied bees forfour decades. But to ___54___ for their apparent laziness, they are actually very intelligent. They are ___55___ learners and able to recognize various smells.Menzel said bees’ learning, like ___56___ of many animals, was based on a reward system. “If a bee is rewarded once for something, it remembers it for a week. But if it is rewarded three times, it will remember it for its ___57___ lifetime,” said Menzel who, last week, was awarded a ___58___ by the German Zoological Society.The memory capacity of bees means they can ___59___ among more than 50 different smells to find the one they want. “What is interesting is that what smells good to a bee, is also a ___60___ smell for humans,” said Menzel.51. A. working hard B. hard working C. hardly working D. working hardly52. A. as to B. as much C. up to D. such as53. A. what B. to which C. in that D. where54. A. compensate B. provide C. search D. account55. A. rapid B. swift C. speedy D. quick56. A. those B. which C. that D. what57. A. full B. integrated C. all D. entire58. A. prize B. praise C. price D. pride59. A. discriminate B. distinguish C. divide D. derive60. A. sickening B. pleasant C. harsh D. graceful英语试卷二Part V Translation (30 minutes, 10 points)Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.Each year in the United States more people are killed or injured in accidents—at home, at work or school, at play, or while traveling—than were killed or injured in the Vietnam war. In the early 1990s, about half of these accidental deaths were the result of motor-vehicle accidents. Other major causes of accidental deaths were falls, fires, and poisoning. On a worldwide basis, accidents involving motor vehicles are the primary cause of accidental deaths, followed by accidents in industry and in the home.Efforts to lessen or to eliminate the hazardous conditions that cause accidents are known as safety measures. Safety is a growing concern around the world, and safety skills are being taken more seriously today than ever before. People have came to realize that safety skills can be learned, and most safety experts agree that it is possible to predict, and take steps to prevent, the majority of accidents. Few accidents simply “happen”. Most are caused by ignorance, carelessness, neglect, or lack of skill.Part VI Writing (30 minutes, 15 points)Directions: You are to write in no less than 120 words about the topic “On the Significance of the Qing-Zang Railroad”. Your composition should be based on the Chinese clues given below.青藏铁路于今年7月1日通车。