unit6语法聚焦
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人教新目标九年级Unit 6 语法透视关系代词引导的定语从句1.在复合句中，修饰主句中某一名词、名词短语或代词的从句叫定语从句。
其中被修饰的名词、名词短语或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
I am looking for a little boy who is in a yellow cap. 我在找一个戴黄帽的小男孩。
（boy是先行词；who是关系词，引导定语从句。
）2. 关系词在从句中做成分：相当于代词用的叫关系代词，相当于副词用的叫关系副词。
这是邓小平曾经住过的房子。
This is the house which Deng Xiaoping once lived in . ( which 作lived in 的宾语，相当于一个代词用，叫关系代词)This is the house where Deng Xiaoping once lived . ( where 作lived的地点状语，相当于一个副词，叫关系副词)[提醒]which和where在此虽然都指the house ，但因在从句中作的成分不同而用法有异。
3. 先行词表“人”时，关系代词常用who（也可用that），whom（或that），whose ；先行词为“物”时，关系代词可用which或that ；并列的先行词又表“人”或又表“物”时，只能用that 。
在从句中作宾语时关系代词可省略。
Find the girl who is wearing a green coat . 请找到那个穿绿色上衣的女孩。
（先行词为人）The green coat ( which / that ) the girl is wearing is made of cotton . 那个女孩穿的那件绿上衣是棉制的。
（先行词为物）I still remember the girl and her green coat (that ) we saw yesterday. 我还记着我们昨天见到的那个女孩和她的那件绿色上衣。
I still remember the girl ( whom / that ) we saw yesterday. 我还记着我们昨天见过的那个女孩。
Yesterday I saw a girl whose coat was green. 昨天我看见一个穿着绿色上衣的女孩。
4. 下列情况只用that不用which ：①先行词被最高级修饰；②先行词被序数词或the last ，the only ，the very修饰；③先行词是不定代词时（如：all ，one ，much ，nothing等）。
This is the best film (that ) I’ve ever seen . 这是我看过的最好的一部电影。
This is the only film (that ) I’ve ever seen . 这是我看过的唯一的一部电影。
Is there anything that is interesting ? 有什么有趣的事吗？5. 从句的谓语动词要与先行词一致。
I like the book which / that is on the desk . 我喜欢桌上的那本书。
I like the books which / that are on the desk . 我喜欢桌上的那些书。
典例题解〖例1〗The girl ____ won the match not so long ago is called Guo Yue, a famous Chinese table tennis player.A. whoB. whichC. whatD. whom〖解析〗A。
所需填空部分为引导词，并且在定语从句中作主语，又先行词为人，故要选表人的关系代词who 。
whom只能在定语从句中作宾语。
〖例2〗I prefer not to eat too much food ____ is fried, like French fries.A. thatB. whatC. itD. 不填〖解析〗A。
所需填空部分为引导词，并且在定语从句中作宾语，又先行词为事物，关系代词可用that或which。
根据四个选项应选B。
that is fried, like French fries 是定语从句，修饰food。
〖例3〗The panda is a kind of animal can be found only in China.A. whoB. whoseC. whichD. where〖解析〗C。
当先行词为事物时，关系代词要用that和which ，所以四个选项中只有C对。
〖例4〗I’m a football fan. I’m interested in everything is about the 2010 World Cup. A. who B. that C. where D. which〖解析〗B。
当先行词为everything时，关系代词只能用that 。
故选B项。
〖例5〗I think Mrs Smith is the right person ____ you should write.A. whoB. to whoC. whomD. to whom〖解析〗D。
关系代词whom在定语从句作介词to的宾语，介词可放在whom前，但whom 不能换用who。
此句也可写成I think Mrs Smith is the right person who you should write to.。
语法精练I. 选择填空。
1. The book he bought yesterday is very interesting.A. 不填B. whyC. whenD. what2. Yao Ming is a famous basketball star is playing in the NBA.A. whoseB. whoC. whatD. which3. He is one of the experienced engineers in this factory hard work was repaid with the development of the factory.A. whereB. whoseC. in whichD. that4.—Is the girl ______is interviewing the manager of that company your friend?—Yes, she is a journalist from CCTV.A. whomB. whichC. whoD. whose5. Do you know the man ___ is sitting behind Nancy?A. whatB. whichC. whoD. whomII. 在下列句子空白处填上恰当的关系代词（who/whom, that, which, whose）。
1.Is there anything ___ you are interested in?2.The boy ___ lost his bike is very sad.3.The child ____ mother has left him is crying loudly.4.The hotel ___ we stayed in last time was much worse than this one.5.You can give the book to anyone ___ you will see in the office.6.The books ___ had pictures in them were my sister’s.7.I will never forget the teacher ___ taught us chemistry at middle night.8.I want to see the film ___ Is just on show.9.I will tell you everything ___ I know about it.10.I’ll never forget the day ___ I spent in the mountain village.III.用适当的关系代词将下列每组句子合并成含定语从句的复合句。
1.The police man caught the girl. She stole the bike from the supermarket.2.Have you finished reading the magazine? Ann lent it to you the day before yesterday.3.We live in a country. It has a long history.4.What do you think of the boy? Your sister gets along well with him.5.Don’t speak to the man. He is wearing a black jacket.I.1-5ABBCCII.1.that 2.who/that 3.whose 4.which/that 5.who/that 6.that/which 7.that/who 8.that/which 9.that 10.that/whichIII.1.The policeman caught the girl who/that stole the bike from the supermarket.2.Have you finished reading the magazine (that/which) Ann lent you the day before yesterday?3.We live in a country that/which has a long history.4.What do you think of the boy (who/whom/that) your sister gets long well with?或What do you think of the boy with whom your sister gets along well?5.Don’t speak to the man who/that is wearing a black jacket.。
