SAT写作例子背景资料(达尔文)

SAT写作素材大全(一)SAT写作素材分享Theme:creativity/curiositySubject:Henry FordDetail: Henry ford, one of the most influential inventors in the history, was always inattentive in school. Once ,he and a friend took a watch apart to probe the principle behind it. Angry and upset, the teacher punished him both to stay after school. their punishment was to stay until they had fixed the watch. but the teacher did not know young ford’s genius,in ten minutes,this mechanical wizard had repaired the wat ch and was on this way home.It is imagination that invigorated Ford to make a through inquiry about things he did not know.He once plugged up the spout of a teapot and placed it on the fire. then he waited to see what would happen. the water boiled and, of course, turned to steam. since the steam had no way to escape, the teapot exploded. the explosion cracked a mirror and broke a window.Ford’s year of curiosity and tinkering paid off,when he built his imagination of horseless carriage into reality, the history of transportation was changed forever.SAT写作素材分享Theme: OpinionThesis: Nothing is accepted by everyone.Subject: Darwin's Origin of Species -1859Detail:Charles Darwin shocked the world with his theory of evolution as proposed in Origin of Species. He explained that, over time, species adapt to their environment in order to survive and then pass along these acquired traits to future generations in a process known as "natural selection." Although his ideas are widely accepted today, the notion that species could have evolved from an entirely different species caused outrage from those believing that all living creatures were created by God.Thesis:It is better to determine one’s own views of right and wrong than follow the crowd.Subject:Thomas Panie & Susan B. AnthonyDetail:At the beginning of the American Revolution,the American colonies were,with hesitancy and troublesome doubts,moving toward independence.Few people favored complete independence,while orther,firmly believed in conservative thoughts,wished to send more petitions and appeals to the King.At thattime,Thomas Paine appeal the colonies to separate themselves from Britain and to make America one place in world where freedom and love of humankind could flourish.His famous pamphlet,Common Sense,was outspoken,touche,p ierce to the truth with a single pertinent remark.It impressed deeply upon everyone’s mind that his belief become one of the most inportant ideology of the American Revolution.Although I am not a feminist,I admire Susan B. Anthony for her daring to hold on to her view even being mocked cruely by her contemporaries.A tireless civil rights worker,Anthony devoted her life to the work which guranteed women’s basic right,including suffrage and equal protestions under law.She believed that”men and women are creat ed equal”and persevered unremittingly in opening doors and expanding acceptable modes of behavior for women.In the patriarchy socity of her time,people considered her unladylike and ridiculous.However,19th Amendment to the Constitution gives women’s rights to vote which established Susan B. Anthony as a bold revolutionary feminist in history.Examples also serves: People should take more responsibility for solving problems that affect their communities or the nation in general.SAT写作素材分享Theme:honestThesis:Honest is the best policy.Subject:Watergate scandalDetail:Watergate scandal initiated a prolonged crisis of confidence and renewed public cynicism toward a government that had systematically lied to the people and violated their civil liberties. A 1974 poll asked people how much faith they had in the executive branch of government. Only 14 percent answered “a great deal”; 43 percent said “hardly any.” Restoring credibility and respect became the primary challenge f acingNixon’s successors. Unfortunately, a new array of economic and foreign crisis would make that task doubly difficult.Sometimes it is necessary, and even desirable, for public leaders to withhold information from the public in order to further the p ublic’s ultimate interests, in the sense that fully disclosing to the public certain types of information would threaten public safety and perhaps even national security. For example, if the President were to disclose the government’s strategies for thwart ing specific plans of an international terrorist or a drug, those strategies would surely fail, and the public’s health and safety would be compromised as a result. Withholding information might also be necessary to avoid public panic. During the first few hours of the new millennium the U.S. Pentagon’s missile defense system experienced a Y2K-related malfunction. This fact was withheld form the public until later in the day, once the problem had been solved, since immediate disclosure would have served no useful purpose and might even have resulted in mass hysteria.SAT写作素材分享Theme:CooperationSubject: Paul RevereDetail:Our perceptive towards Paul Revere just illustrates this point. According to the romantic legend, he, galloping along of the dark from one farm house to another, alerted the people to the coming British. And of course the story emphasized the courage of one man, made him a hero in our history books. However, his heroism required a matrix of others who were already well-prepared to mobilize against the oppressor and he was just one part of a pre-arrange plan. Heroes like Revere have no usefulness apart from a society primed to act.SAT写作素材分享Theme:CompetitionThesis: Competition stimulates people to develop.Subject: The Cold WarDetail:After WWII,the Cold War between democracy and communism started which includes economic,culture and especially arms and space exploration. On October 4, 1957,the successful launch of Sputnik-1 indicated to the world that the Soviet Union had taken the lead in space exploration. It also caused fear that this technology would allow the Soviet Union to launch nuclear weapons into space. In response, the United States established the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), embarking on a quest to the moon where Neil Armstrong took his revolutionary first steps in 1969.SAT写作素材分享Theme:challenge authorityThesis: Question authority makes a society stronger.Subject 1: Progressive Era & Civil Rights MovementDetail: The Progressive era,for example,is a time during which from president to muckrakers,all aspects of American society parid numerous effort to improve the way people live.President Theodore Roosevelt,who believed in equal opportunity and adherence to the spirit of law,ordered his Attorney General to bring suits against the growing monopolies which exercised enormous control both in economy and in political sphere.Muckrakers,journalists who expose a vatrity of problems in the society to the public,such as Upton Sinclair,who wrote about the unsanitary conditions in the meatpacking industry which eventually led to the passage of the Pure Food and Drug Act,and Ida Tarbell,who exposed a variety of methods used by Standard Oil company to achieve a monopoly.Thus their works more or less make some sweeping changes in the society. Another example comes from the Civil Rights Movement which set the stage for the progress and turmoil of the 1960s.At that time,despite the American creed of “equality for all”,segregation was prevalent in the South.Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka questioned the Supreme Court decision in Plessy v. Fergusor that “the doctrine of separate but equal has no place”,and the successfully overrule of this decision encouraged civil rights workers to press for equality and freedom.Subject 2: Copernicus's heliocentric theory & 1992 LA riotsDetail: Copernicus's heliocentric theory in the 16th century was a direct attack upon the accepted wisdom of the time, the geocentric view of the universe po!u*d stulated by Aristotle. When Darwin first declared that the wide variety of animal species was due to a process of development over many millennia, he challenged the traditional Christian belief and outraged the religious fundamentalists. Mass resistance to authority can escalate to violent protest and rioting, during which innocent people are hurt and their property damaged and destroyed. The fallout from the 1992 Los Angeles riots aptly illustrated this point. The “authority” that the rioters sought to challenge was that of the legal justice system, which acquitted police officers in the beating of Rodney King. The means of challenging that authority amounted to flagrant disregard for criminal law on a mass scale-by ways of looting, arson, and even deadly assault. This violent challenge to authority resulted in a turning back of the clock with respect to racial tensions across America.更多SAT考试资料,请登录天道留学SAT考试频道获取。

介绍两位科学家的成就英语作文English:One of the most notable scientists in modern history is Charles Darwin. His theories of evolution and natural selection revolutionized the field of biology and challenged traditional beliefs about the origins of life. Darwin's most famous work, "On the Origin of Species," laid out the evidence for evolution and argued that it occurs through a process of natural selection, whereby individuals with beneficial traits are more likely to survive and reproduce than those without. This theory has since been supported by numerous studies and has become a cornerstone of modern biology. Another noteworthy scientist is Marie Curie, a physicist and chemist who made groundbreaking discoveries in the field of radioactivity. Along with her husband Pierre, Curie discovered the elements polonium and radium and won a Nobel Prize for their work on radioactivity. After Pierre's death, Curie continued her research on her own and became the first person to win two Nobel Prizes, one in physics and one in chemistry. Her work laid the foundation for the development of nuclear energy and medical treatments for cancer.中文翻译：近代最著名的科学家之一是查理斯·达尔文。

文章来自三立教育sat是什么考试sat考试指南2017sat考试内容抓住现行SAT写作最后的尾巴，小站君为大家带来了一些sat写作的常用万能例子，大家备考的时候可以根据这些例子进行写作哦！最后也会给大家简单说说新版SAT的写作考试。

下面小站君根据网上众多考生总结出来的一些SAT写作例子，对大家考试很有帮助，希望大家能够用上，考个不错的成绩。

但是千万不要直接抄上，各位同学一定要根据自己的情况稍作修改，如果CB给SIMILAR那就悲剧啦！七个写作万能例子1.The Last Leaf by O. Henry/欧亨利的最后一片叶子简介：《最后一片叶子》，又译《最后的常春藤叶》，主人公是琼珊、苏艾、贝尔曼。

文中作者着力挖掘和赞美小人物的伟大人格和高尚品德，展示他们向往人性世界的美好愿望。

最后一片叶子”的故事，着实让我们为琼西的命运紧张了一番，为苏艾的友谊感叹了一回，为贝尔曼的无私震撼了一次。

作者通过对穷苦朋友间友谊的描写，刻画出一个舍己为人的以自己生命为代价创造真正杰作的画家形象，讴歌了以贝尔曼为代表的普通人的高尚，体现了人们通过自己的深思而得到的重生。

写作例子：Johnsy is an inhabitant of an art colony inGreenwich Village, where pneumonia is taking its toll. Eventually, Johnsy isstricken with the disease and gives up all desire to live. Outside her windowresides an old ivy vine on which only a few leaves remain. Convinced that shewill die when the last leaf falls, Johnsy watches the vine incessantly. This morbid fascination distresses her big hearted neighbor Mr. Berhman, an oldpainter scraping by as an artist’s model and still dreaming of painting hismasterpiece. Time passes, Johnsy remains fascinated by the withering vine. Toher growing astonishment, a single last leaf attaches itself firmly to thevine. Taking this as an embodiment of hope, Johnsy’s condition ameliorated. Inthe meantime, her neighbor has been taken to hospital with pneumonia, where helater dies. It is later discovered that he had contracted the disease after stayingup all night to paint the perfect image of a single leaf on the brick walloutside Johnsy’s window.(167字)2.Charles Schulz/查尔斯舒尔茨简介：查尔斯·舒尔茨(Charles M. Schulz)，1922年11月26日出生于美国明尼苏达州，2000年2月12日因肠结癌辞世，享年77岁。

SAT写作备考素材（一）大家在备考SAT写作的时候可以多积累一些资料素材，对写作提升有很大帮助。

下面文都国际小编给大家分享一篇SAT写作素材，供大家参考。

Kenyan environmentalist and human rights campaigner Wangari Maathai has won the Nobel Peace Prize. She is the first African woman to be awarded the peace prize since it was created in 1901. A surprised Mrs. Maathai broke the news to reporters minutes before the official announcement. The prize committee says Mrs. Maathai, Kenya's Deputy Environment Minister(助理环境部长), is an example for all Africans fighting for democracy and peace. The delighted 64-year-old professor said the award was completely unexpected. "This is extremely encouraging to the people of Africa and the African woman," she told the BBC. "It is a recognition of the many efforts of African women, who continue to struggle despite all the problems they face." In the late 1970s, Mrs. Maathai led a campaign called the Green Belt Movement to plant tens of millions of trees across Africa to slow deforestation(采伐森林) .The movement grew to include projects to preserve biodiversity, educate people about their environment and promote the rights of women and girls. Known as "The Tree Woman" in Kenya, Mrs Maathai celebrated by planting a Nandi flame tree(凤凰木) in her home town of Nyeri, in the shadow of Mount Kenya. She said she was delighted that the vital role of the environment had been recognised. "The environment is very important in the aspects of peace because when we destroy our resources and our resources become scarce, we fight over that". "I am working to make sure we don't only protect the environment, we also improve governance," she added. The committee says she has combined science with social engagement and politics, and has worked both locally and internationally. The professor was the 12th woman peace laureate since the first award was first made in 1901. A spokesman for the Kenyan government said his country washonored. "This is a great moment in Kenyan history. To us this shows that what Wangari Maathai has been doing here has been recognized," Alfred Mutua said. "We're very proud of her and she deserves all the credit." Mrs. Maathai beat a record 194 nominations, including former chief United Nations weapons inspector Hans Blix and the head of the UN energy watchdog, Mohamed ElBaradei, to win the prize. Mrs. Maathai is the second woman in a row to be awarded the peace prize, which last year went to Iranian lawyer Shirin Ebadi for her work for the rights of women and children in Iran. The award, which includes 10 million Swedish kronor ($1.3m) is awarded in Oslo on 10 December each year.以上就是小编为大家分享的SAT写作素材。

达尔文的故事达尔文的故事（通用6篇）达尔文是19世纪著名的科学家，进化论的创始者，下面是小编收集整理的达尔文的故事（通用6篇），希望可以给你带来帮助！达尔文的故事篇1达尔文的父亲是一位著名的医生，他希望自己的儿子能继承自己的事业，也当一名医生，可是达尔文无心学医，进入医科大学后，他成天去收集动植物标本，父亲对他无可奈何，又把他送进神学院，希望他将来当一名牧师。

然而，达尔文的兴趣也不在牧师上，达尔文有他自己的理想，他9岁的时候就对父亲说：“我想世界上肯定还有许多未被人们发现的奥秘，我将来要周游世界，进行实地考察。

”为此，达尔文一直在积极准备。

为了有利于自己观察和收集动植物标本，达尔文抛弃了事务轻闲。

经过五年的环游旅行，达尔文在动植物和地质等方面进行了大量的观察和采集，回国后又做了近二十年的实验，终于在1859年出版了震动当时学术界的《物种起源》一书。

达尔文的故事篇2达尔文是19世纪著名的科学家，进化论的创始者，他生前常说，他的《物种起源》等著作和学说是“集体的产物”。

在一封信中他曾这样写道：“我清楚地看到，如果没有那些可钦佩的观察者所搜集的大量材料，我决写不出那本书来。

”事实上，他和华莱士的交往便是科学家这种谦虚无私精神的体现。

华莱士是英国著名的自然科学家和旅行家，比达尔文小14岁，他和达尔文一样，进行着科学考察的活动，曾到南美的巴西、马来半岛等地做生物考察，采取动植物标本，在同一个课题上进行研究和写作。

其间，他读过达尔文的《一个植物学家的航行日记》，也和达尔文有过几次通信，讨论交流研究心得，不过两人都没有提及他们各自的独立研究和正在写作的具体内容。

1858年6月18日，正在努力撰写《物种起源》一书的达尔文，收到了华莱士寄来的一篇关于进化论的手稿————《论变种无限地离开其原始模式的倾向》。

达尔文惊诧得目瞪口呆，他说：“我从从未见过有这种更加令人惊奇的偶然巧合。

他现在采用的学术名词，甚至也和我的书稿中各章题名相同。

The Scarlet Letter (红字)HawthorneHester Prynne, the unmarried protagonist, commits adultery with the Reverend Dimmesdale. A child (Pearl) is born out of wedlock.The Reverend Dimmesdale keeps his affair with Hester secret from the Puritan community he ministers to. He is consumed with guilt and shame. His secret slowly devours him from the inside. As punishment for her sins, the community sentenced Hester to wear a scarlet ―A‖(for adulteress) embroidered on her dress. Although shunned by the community, Hester openly accepts her fate and transforms her personality. She works diligently to make herself a productive member on the fringes of society and doing needlework for the less fortunate and tending to her child. In the end, her selfless, charitable work endears her to the Puritan community.Civil Rights Movement (Time: 1955-1968 )（民权运动）In 1955 Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat on the bus to a white person. Although she was arrested and jailed, her brave efforts inspired the Montogomery Bus Boycott which last for over a year. Martin Luther King was inspired by her example and became known as one of the most admired figures of the Civil Rights Movement. He organized hundreds of non-violent protests and gave an unforgettable speech entitled ―I have a dream‖. Martin Luther King and Rosa Parks helped get the Civil Rights Act of 1964 passed. Unfortunately, the social progress was accompanied by a tragic sacrifice: the assassination of Dr. King by a southern madman.In 1960, at a restaurant in Greensboro of North Carolina, 4 black college students sit still in defiance of the malicious behavior of the waiter. Responded warmly by black students in the south, this action quickly developed into a large scale sit-in movement. Finally, nearly 200 restaurants in the city were forced to abolish the racial segregation. Martin Luther King （马丁路德金）Martin Luther King, Jr. (January 15, 1929 –April 4, 1968) was an American clergyman, activist, and prominent leader in the African-American Civil Rights Movement. He is best known for being an iconic figure in the advancement of civil rights in the United States and around the world, using nonviolent methods following the teachings of Mahatma Gandhi. King has become a national icon in the history of modern American liberalism.A Baptist minister, King became a civil rights activist early in his career. He led the 1955 Montgomery Bus Boycott and helped found the Southern Christian Leadership Conference in 1957, serving as its first president. King's efforts led to the 1963 March on Washington, where King delivered his "I Have a Dream" speech. There, he expanded American values to include the vision of a color blind society, and established his reputation as one of the greatest orators in American history.In 1964, King became the youngest person to receive the Nobel Peace Prize for his work to end racial segregation and racial discrimination through civil disobedienceand other nonviolent means. By the time of his death in 1968, he had refocused his efforts on ending poverty and stopping the Vietnam War.King was assassinated on April 4, 1968, in Memphis, Tennessee. He was posthumously awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1977 and Congressional Gold Medal in 2004; Martin Luther King, Jr. Day was established as a U.S. federal holiday in 1986.Movements for Women’s Rights (Feminist Movements) （女权运动）(1) Around the 1930s women started to question their role in society. Why were women not allowed a say in the government? Why couldn’t men and women possess the same rights? During a protest in front of the White House, women were arrested and sent to a special prison. In order to become noticed, the National Women’s Rights association In a literal sense sacrificed those who were arrested and replaced them with more women. This process repeated itself until, Alice Paul, a Women’s Rights leader, protested in front of the White House herself. She joined her comrades in the prison, where they were abused and mistreated. Finally once their mistreatment was exposed to the public, the President of the United States set them free and granted their wishes of equality and rights. Their sacrifices were not in vain as the women were able to accomplish their goal and change the country forever.(2) Susan Brownell AnthonyBorn February 15, 1820Adams, MassachusettsDied：March 13, 1906 (aged 86)Rochester, New YorkOccupation：Suffragist, women's rights advocateSusan Brownell Anthony (February 15, 1820 –March 13, 1906) was a prominent American civil rights leader who played a pivotal role in the 19th century women's rights movement to introduce women's suffrage into the United States. She was co-founder of the first Women's Temperance Movement with Elizabeth Cady Stanton as President. She also co-founded the women's rights journal, The Revolution. She traveled the United States and Europe, and averaged 75 to 100 speeches per year. She was one of the important advocates in leading the way for women's rights to be acknowledged and instituted in the American government.During the presidential election in 1872, Anthony leaded a group of women to vote for the president. Later, she was arrested and persecuted because it was illegal for women to vote at that time.However, she was not deterred by the punishment and kept on fighting for women’s suffrage.Susan B. Anthony c. 1855On January 8, 1868, Anthony first published the women's rights weekly journal The Revolution. Printed in New York City, its motto was: "The true republic—men, their rights and nothing more; women, their rights and nothingless." Anthony worked as the publisher and business manager, while Elizabeth Cady Stanton acted as editor. The main thrust of The Revolution was to promote women’s and African-Americans’ right to suffrage, but it also discussed issues of equal pay for equal work, more liberal divorce laws and the church’s position on women’s issues. The journal was backed by independently wealthy George Francis Train, who provided $600 in starting funds. His financial support ceased by May 1869, and the paper began to operate in debt. Anthony insisted on expensive, high-quality printing equipment, and she paid women workers the high wages she thought they deserved. She banned any advertisements for alcohol- and morphine-laden patent medicines; all such medicines were abhorrent to her. However, revenue from non-patent-medicine advertisements was too low to cover costs. In addition, Anthony got President Johnson to subscribe to the weekly journal before the first publication.In June 1870, Laura Curtis Bullard, a Brooklyn-based writer whose parents became wealthy from selling a popular morphine-containing patent medicine called "Mrs. Winslow's Soothing Syrup", bought the rights to The Revolution for one dollar, with Anthony assuming its $10,000 debt, an amount equal to $184,000 in current value. Anthony used her lecture fees to repay the debt, completing the task in six years. Under Bullard, the journal adopted a literary orientation and accepted patent medicine ads, but it folded in February 1872.Gabrielle Bonheur Chanel （香奈儿，创新，有主见）Gabrielle "Coco" Bonheur Chanel (19 August 1883 –10 January 1971) was an influential French fashion designer, founder of the famous brand Chanel, whose modernist thought, practical design, and pursuit of expensive simplicity made her an important and influential figure in 20th-century fashion. She was the only fashion designer to be named on Time 100: The Most Important People of the Century.In 1883, Chanel was born to an unwed mother, Jeanne Devolle, a laundrywoman, in a facility for the indigent in Saumur, France. Having learned the sewing arts, Chanel was able to find employment as a seamstress. In 1910, she opened a millinery shop in Paris. At that time when gaudy decoration dominated design field, she went against the mainstream and brought people unique products. Following the idea of simplicity and luxury, she made caps and cloths with delicate needle techniques and novel style, put some masculine elements into female clothes, and designed lady handbag with fine chain. All of those presented refreshingly new perspectives about fashion and products of Chanel quickly gained great popularity around the world. After Chanel established herself as a top designer in the world, she kept on creating new things such as tricot sailor dress and little black dress. Today, the brand is still an unmatched legendary in fashion. It is the pursuit of difference and innovation that make Chanel outstanding.Jay Chou （周杰伦，勤奋，天分，有主见，敢于创新，意志坚定）Jay Chou is one of the most predominant and influential composers and singers in Asia. Grown up in a single parent family, Chou has been an introverted and shy since he was a little boy. Though, he was not good at studying, Jay never belittled himself. He felt in his heart an irresistible passion for music and spared no efforts to pursue his dream and exploit his talents. After graduated from middle school, he worked in a restaurant where he often played the piano for costumers and always received warm applause. While working, he begin to write popular songs and seized every chance to give his talent a full play. In the September of 1997, he attended a talent show in Taiwan and gained appreciation form a famous star Wu Zongxian. With the help of Wu, he began his career in a music company.Jay Chou produced many popular songs, however when he invited some renowned singers to sing his songs, they refused. Disappointed and depressing for a while, Jay didn’t give up. Finally, he decided to sing those songs himself! He was criticized by many people for being in articulate in singing. However, he didn’t make compromise to them and kept on writing and recording songs for himself. In 2001, his first album Jay was released and surprisingly, it made a hit in China. In this album, he created songs with multiple styles such as rap, hip-pop, blues and beautiful style. His songs contains many new elements that are absent from those of his rivals and thus gained great popularity among young people. In 2003, Jay Chou was on the cover of. Now, he is the most well-known star who has literally influenced the whole post 80 and 90 generations in China. His story shows that, talent, self determination, persistence and industry are indispensable elements for success.(His song took China by the storm in …His albums attained platinum status with their sales worldwide)Kekule (克库勒，专注，努力，灵感)In 1861, Kekule, the organic chemist of Germany, began the study of benzene structure——an unsolved problem in the field then. He was nearly deprived of all social activities and literally put all his heart into the research. Laboursome and monotonous as it may be to other people, the job is rather fascinating to Kelule. During daytime, he stayed in laboratory and was busy in conducting experiments, making molecular models and analyzing molecular structure. In the evening, he usually discussed his hypothesis of benzene structure with his friends and gained some new knowledge through fierce debates. At spare time, he repeatedly imaged the molecular world and the moment he closed his eyes, he thought he could even touch those tiny molecule. One day, he dreamed about a coiling snake biting its own tail, which greatly sparked his inspiration. When he woke up, he immediately draw up what he saw in the dream and successfully discovered the structure of benzene. Obviously, Kekule would not have made the achievement had he not been concentrated in the course.Liu Lu (中南大学刘璐，有远见，不受主流传统观念的影响，坚持，有毅力)Liu Lu, a sophomore in Central South University (one of the key universities in China) majored in Mathematics. Unlike his peers who were busy doing homework assigned by teachers and struggling to get good grades in examinations, he devoted himself seetapun enigma --- a world—class puzzle in mathematic field. Being fascinated by the problem, he spent most of his time in library, searching for materials. Many of books he referred to were written in English, so he had to overcome great difficulties to read them. Many day and nights, he found himself absorbed in those foreign materials, with a dictionary at hand. Almost insulated form social activities, Liu Lu was called ―autistic person‖ by his classmates. Despite all kinds of misunderstandings and ridicules, he kept on ruminating on the puzzle every day. Eventually, after two years’ painstaking work, he unveiled the answer to the world and ended the long-term conundrum. Not driven by scholarship offered by university, Liu Lu pursued his dream following his inclination and passion and finally achieved enormous success.事物的两面性About 80 years ago communications between people were often time consuming and laborious. It might take several weeks for a letter to reach the destination. Nowadays, however, with the soaring development of internet, people are able to connect people within seconds no matter where they are. Efficient as the communication turns out to be, the progress does bring drawbacks to mental states of and relationships among people. While chatting online, people today don’t cherish the opportunity to connect with others and are easier to become impatient and irritated. Physically, they get to each other more quickly and frequently, mentally, they are more distant. Besides, people tend to spend a lot of time indulging in such things as computer game, online shopping and social media, paying less attention to friends and relatives around them. In this sense, high-tech device estranges people.In the novel Brave New World, people live in a highly developed society where all kinds of tiring work is done by automatic machine. Free from daily chores, people make full use of every minute to do their job and make ―contribution‖ to community. Though materially wealthy, people are barren and cold in spirit. They are shamed of the blood relationship between people and consider it immoral to have a ―mother‖ or ―father‖. When the hero offers to clean the floor for the girl he loves, his idea is received with ridicule and misunderstanding. High technologies in the ―brave new world‖impart citizens with a lot convenience. But at the same time, they deprive people of ways to express love and emotions and estrange them. `Henry Ford. (福特，创新，挑战权威，有主见)Growing up on a remote Michigan farm, Henry Ford, however, showed much more interests in the industrial future than in the agricultural past. Like most pioneer farmers, his father, William, hoped that his eldest son would join him on the farm，enable it to expand, and eventually take it over. But Ford hated farm work and did everything he could to avoid it. Though scolded many times by his parents for being lazy in agricultural work, Ford didn’t compromise to them. When he Like most children before and since, he became fascinated by peering into the workings of a timepiece and watching the movement of ratchets and wheels. Soon he was repairing clocks and watches for friends, working at a bench he built in his bedroom.After consuming a large mount of time at observations and experiments, in 1908, Ford designed the Ford Model T, which distinguished itself with excellent spare parts and low cost. At the same year, he introduced to his company the assembly line, a revolutionary manufacturing process made it possible for anyone to own a car. Since than, Henry Ford, the man who put the world on wheels, enormously improved the efficiency of the work.Back in the early 1900s, slaughterhouses used what could have been called a ―dis-assembly line.‖ That is. The carcass of a slain steer or a pig was moved past various meat-cutters, each of whom cut off only a certain portion. Ford reversed this process to see if it would speed up production of a part of an automobile engine called a magneto. Rather than have each worker completely assemble a magneto, one of its elements was placed on a conveyer, and each worker, as it passed, added another component to it.Is preparing for the future more important than enjoying the present? （牛顿，任正非）Louis Pasteur once said: ―Chance favors only the prepared mind.‖Throughout history, great achievements were, in most cases, made by those who were not content with reality and strive for a better future. Hence, I believe that planning for the future outweighs enjoying the present. I shall elaborate my point of view through the example of Newton who discovered gravity and Ren Zhengfei, founder and CEO of Huawei, one of the most prestigious communication companies in China.One day, Newton sat under an apple tree reading. Suddenly, he was hit by an apple falling down. Instead of savoring the fresh fruit and relishing the moment with a carefree mind, he thought about a question: why did the apple drop down rather than flied into the sky? This seemingly ridiculous query soon got him mesmerized. Newton made a bold assumption that there was a force compelling the apple to go this way. After a large number of observations, researches and experiments, he finally put forward a brand new conception of ―gravity‖. His discovery gave an reasonable explanation about the way things with each other, and marked an enormous breakthrough in physics. Here, it is the preparing mind of Newton that urged him to propose the meaningful hypothesis and spared no efforts to verify it. In the end, the little ―apple‖ supplement vitamin to the whole science body.Another example to support my statement is Ren Zhengfei. In 1987, Ren established Huawei. With the development and launch of new product C&C08, Huawei successfully occupied the market share in 1993. Not satisfied with what he had achieved, however, Ren kept making reforms and innovations. He found smalltowns and countryside vast market for the products and endeavored to advocate products there; having foreseen the development of new technology, he led stuff to expand products, which inlcuded router, switchboard, and telephone ect, catering to demands of varied customers; facing the challenge of climate change, he initiated a ―Green Project‖, aiming at decreasing products’ energy consumption and emission of carbon dioxide. With great insight and updated planning for future, Ren Zhengfei distinguished himself as an excellent entrepreneur and successfully transformed Huawei into the most vigorous cooperation in China.From what I stated above, it is safe and fair to say that our world belongs to those who stay hungry for what is to come and those who always plan for the future. Copernicus (哥白尼)During 15th and 16th century, people in Europe believed that the sun and all the planets revolved around the Earth. Since geocentric theory was in accordance with creeds of Roman Catholic, it occupied a dominant position. In 1515, Copernicus, Polish astronomer and mathematician claimed that earth did not spin on its own axis, but moved around the Sun. Once this theory was released, it was strongly attacked by people. Copernicus, labeled as ―heretic‖ and ―unorthodox‖ by critics, suffered from persecution. However, he didn’t compromise to the authority and relentlessly righted for truth. After long-term research and observation, in 1535, he completed great book where he elaborated the way plants and stars move. Besides, he indefatigably made speeches and delivered lectures in Europe, aiming to get people informed of the genuine knowledge. His efforts exerted deep influence on people, and now heliocentric theory has been vindicated by scientists. Here, it was Copernicus’s defiance to authority and pursuance for truth that accelerated the development of astronomy.Giordano Bruno (布鲁诺)During 15th and 16th century, people in Europe believed that the sun and all the planets revolved around the Earth. Since geocentric theory was in accordance with creeds of Roman Catholic, it occupied a dominant position. Bruno, scientist and philosopher in Italy, however, went against the mainstream. Firmly believing in the heliocentric theory put forward by Copernicus after long term observation and research, he passionately advocated the theory to people in his country. His behavior was labeled as ―heretic‖and ―unorthodox‖. As a result, Bruno was violently criticized and seriously persecuted. However, he didn’t compromise to majority and authority. He struggled to write books about his belief, indefatigably delivered speech in public, aiming to get people informed of the genuine knowledge. In 1600, he was burned to death by Roman Catholics. Before the death, he shouted ―fire can never conquer me; the future world will understand me and my value.‖Indeed, today, his belief has turned out to be true. Bruno was a true hero who sacrificed himself in pursuance of the truth.Weizheng (魏征)Weizheng is a famous remonstration official in Chinese Tang dynasty. He was always dauntless to tell truth to Tang Taizong, emperor of his time. Once during a visit, Taizong found the daughter of a imperial official was a singular beauty. He then decided to invited her into the palace and made her his concubine. Having heard that the girl had already been engaged to another man, Weizheng immediately went into the palace, advising Taizhong not to marry the girl. What’s more, he blamed emperor for being autocratic, which he pointed was lethal to the development of the country. Though a little angry, the emperor accepted the official’s criticism and suggestion, which were indeed beneficial to the future of the country. According to historical materials, Weizheng gave more than 60 significant suggestions and proposals to emperor at the risk of lese-majeste. It was Weizheng’s courage to telling the truth that helped the emperor behaved in right direction, and further enhanced the prosperity of Tang dynasty.。

达尔文简介1. 引言查尔斯·罗伯特·达尔文（Charles Robert Darwin，1809年2月12日 - 1882年4月19日）是一位英国科学家、生物学家和自然主义者，他被公认为现代生物学的奠基人之一。

达尔文通过其著作《物种起源》提出了进化论，这一理论极大地改变了我们对自然界和生命的认识。

在本文中，我们将简要介绍达尔文的生平以及他对生物学和进化理论的贡献。

2. 生平达尔文于1809年2月12日出生在英国肯特郡的谢尔斯顿。

他是罗伯特·达尔文和苏珊娜·达尔文的第五个孩子。

达尔文的父亲是一位医生，而他的祖父艾拉斯谟·达尔文则是一位成功的医生和业余博物学家。

从小起，达尔文就对自然界的奥秘和物种的多样性产生了浓厚的兴趣。

1831年，达尔文担任了一艘名为“比格尔”的英国皇家海军船只的自然学家，参加了一次环球航行的探险之旅。

通过这次航行，达尔文得以前往南美洲、澳大利亚和南太平洋，观察和研究了许多动植物。

这次航行的经历对达尔文后来的学术生涯产生了深远的影响。

回到英国后，达尔文开始整理和分析他在航行期间收集到的大量生物学数据。

他对不同地理区域的物种变异和适应性的研究，让他逐渐产生了对物种演化的想法。

3. 进化论的提出达尔文于1859年出版了他的重要著作《物种起源》（On the Origin of Species），这本书引起了科学界和公众的广泛关注。

在这本书中，达尔文详细阐述了物种的演化和进化过程，并提出了自然选择的理论。

他认为，物种的变异和适应性是由于自然选择的作用，通过逐渐的累积和继承，可以导致新物种的形成。

达尔文的进化论受到了当时许多人的质疑和争议。

然而，随着时间的推移，越来越多的科学研究和证据支持了达尔文的理论。

他的学说对许多领域产生了深远的影响，如生物学、地质学、考古学等等。

4. 达尔文的贡献达尔文不仅对生物学做出了重要贡献，还为科学方法和逻辑思维提供了新的范例。

所有例子收集：约翰纳什的例子：通过质疑原来亚当·斯密的经济理论，约翰·纳什因为他的博弈论而获得了诺贝尔经济学奖。

在20世纪50年代以前，亚当·斯密（当时被尊称为现代经济学之父）的经济学理论已经在经济和金融领域广为认可。

在《国富论》一书中，他提出了人们的个人野心服务于整个社会的理论，也就是说如果一个人仅仅追求他们个人的利益就能让整个社会受益。

在当时质疑他的理论被看做是一种冒失的自以为是的行为。

但是，约翰·纳什发现了这个理论的缺陷，因此他毫不犹豫地质疑了斯密的理论。

他坚持认为，有些时候人们的野心与个人利益是互相冲突的，这可能给整个社会带来负面的影响。

通过坚持这个理念和个人的不懈努力，纳什最终提出了一个系统的理论——“纳什均衡论”，这一理论从根本上改变了经济学领域。

由于纳什的这一重大突破性发现，他在1994年因为个人的杰出贡献获得了诺贝尔经济学奖。

prevalently adv.普遍地；盛行的Realm n. 领域Wealth of Nations 国富论Adam Smith 亚当斯密（国富论的作者）ambition n.野心strive vi.努力presumptuous adj.冒失的；自以为是的flaw n.缺点hesitation n.犹豫persistent adj.不断的endeavor n.努力Nash equilibrium 纳什均衡breakthrough n.突破性的进展；重大发现Nobel Prize 诺贝尔奖magnitude n.巨大；重要性Eminent adj. 杰出的By questioning the original economic theory of Adam Smith, John Nash won the Nobel Prize of Economics for his Game Theory. （主题句）Before 1950s, the economic theory of Adam Smith (who was respected as the father of modern economics) was prevalently accepted in the realm of economics and finance. In the book of The Wealth of Nations, Adam Smith claimed that individual ambition serves the common good, which means that if the individual members of a group just strive to earn their own interests, the whole group will benefit. It would be presumptuous to challenge his theory at that time. Yet, John Nash found the flaws of this theory, hence he questioned Smith’s theory without any hesitation by insisting that sometimes the ambitions of individuals are conflicting, which would lead to negative results to the whole group. Through insisting this belief and personal persistent endeavor, Nash developed a systematical theory called “Nash equilibrium”, which fundamentally changed the realm of economics. Due to the breakthrough of this magnitude, Nash won the Nobel Prize of Economics in 1994 for his eminent contribution.杰克韦尔奇的例子：通过挑战权威，杰克·韦尔奇为通用电气公司注入了新鲜的健康的血液，并使它成为了顶尖级公司。