王治奎《大学英汉翻译教程》【综合练习及详解】【圣才出品】

附录综合练习及详解

说明：该附录全面收录《大学英汉翻译教程》(第4版)（王治奎主编）中的综合练习1和综合练习2，每篇短文后面不仅有参考译文，而且还有列举出相应的翻译要点及解析，对于以该书为教材的考生来说，具有极高的参考价值和较强的指导性，同时可以帮助考生巩固该书所学内容。

综合练习1及详解

1

Four score①and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.

Now we are engaged in a great civil war testing whether that nation or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battlefield of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this②.

But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate—we can not consecrate—we can not hallow—this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget③what they did here.

It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us—that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion—that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain—that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth④.

(From Living Documents of American History)

【参考译文】

87①年前，我们的先辈在这个大陆上建立了一个以自由为理想，以人人平等为宗旨的新国家。

现在我们正在进行一场大内战，考验这个国家，或任何一个主张自由平等的国家，能否长久存在。我们在这场战争的一个大战场上集会，来把战场的一角献给为国家生存而牺牲的烈士，作为他们永久安息之地，这是我们义不容辞、理所当然该做的事②。

但是，从更深刻的意义上来说，我们不能使这一角战场伐为圣地，我们不能使它流芳百世(或百世流芳)，我们不能使它永垂青史(或万古长青)。因为在这里战斗过的勇士们，活着的和死去的，已经使这一角战场神圣化了，我们微薄的力量远远不能为它增光，或者使它减色。世人不会太注意，也不会长久记住③我们在这里说的话，但是永远不会忘记他们在这里做的事。因此，我们活着的人更应该献身于他们为之战斗并且使之前进的未竟事业。我们更应该献身于我们面前的伟大任务，更应该不断向这些光荣牺牲的烈士学习他们为事业鞠躬尽瘁、死而后已的献身精神，更应该在这里下定决心，一定不让这些烈士的鲜血白流，这个国

家在上帝的保佑下，一定要得到自由的新生，这个民有、民治、民享的政府，一定不能从地球上消灭④。

【翻译要点】

①“score”有多层含义，只有正确理解它在文中的意思才能得到准确的翻译。此处意为“二

十”，因而总数应为87。

②词性转换。动词“do”转移为名词“所作的事情”，使语言表达更流畅。

③反正译法。原文“never forget”是一个双重否定，表达的是肯定语气，直接译为“长久

记住”更加简洁明了。

④长难句的翻译。首先通过英文原句里的衔接词（如：that，for which等等）理清各分句

之间的逻辑关系，翻译成中文时要尽可能地符合译入语的表达习惯，在此前提下尽可能保留原文的行文风格。还需根据不同的语境灵活地选用不同的翻译方法。

2

The New Agriculture

by Arthur L. Domike

Until a few years ago, “agricultural technology” was a topic guaranteed to empty the lecture hall①. Today the press is filled with stories of the new agriculture—genetically engineered plants, robot farms and cattle bred by computer. The public is fascinated by frontier biotechnological research and the promise of a filled cornucopian future. But for those concerned with the Third World, at least two major questions about agricultural research have not been answered②.Will agricultural innovations make any real difference in the ability of